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SubSol-HIe is an AMPK-dependent hypoxia-responsive subnucleus of the nucleus tractus solitarius that coordinates the hypoxic ventilatory response and protects against apnoea in mice
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02957-6. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) suggests that the hypoxic ventilatory response is facilitated by the AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK), not at the carotid bodies, but within a subnucleus (Bregma -7.5 to -7.1 mm) of the nucleus tractus solitarius that exhibits right-sided bilateral asymmetry. Here, we map this subnucleus using cFos expression as a surrogate for neuronal activation and mice in which the genes encoding the AMPK-α1 (Prkaa1) and AMPK-α2 (Prkaa2) catalytic subunits were deleted in catecholaminergic cells b...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Sandy MacMillan David P Burns Ken D O'Halloran A Mark Evans Source Type: research

How ceramides affect the development of colon cancer: from normal colon to carcinoma
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 18. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02960-x. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe integrity of the colon and the development of colon cancer depend on the sphingolipid balance in colon epithelial cells. In this review, we summarize the current knowledge on how ceramides and their complex derivatives influence normal colon development and colon cancer development. Ceramides, glucosylceramides and sphingomyelin are essential membrane components and, due to their biophysical properties, can influence the activation of membrane proteins, affecting protein-protein interactions and downstream signalling pathways. He...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Nadine Merz Jennifer Christina Hartel Sabine Gr ösch Source Type: research

Murine Alox8 versus the human ALOX15B ortholog: differences and similarities
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 19. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02961-w. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTHuman arachidonate 15-lipoxygenase type B is a lipoxygenase that catalyzes the peroxidation of arachidonic acid at carbon-15. The corresponding murine ortholog however has 8-lipoxygenase activity. Both enzymes oxygenate polyunsaturated fatty acids in S-chirality with singular reaction specificity, although they generate a different product pattern. Furthermore, while both enzymes utilize both esterified fatty acids and fatty acid hydro(pero)xides as substrates, they differ with respect to the orientation of the fatty acid in their su...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 18, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Megan A Palmer Yvonne Benatzy Bernhard Br üne Source Type: research

Exercise-induced cardiac mitochondrial reorganization and enhancement in spontaneously hypertensive rats
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 16. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02956-7. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe myocardium is a highly oxidative tissue in which mitochondria are essential to supply the energy required to maintain pump function. When pathological hypertrophy develops, energy consumption augments and jeopardizes mitochondrial capacity. We explored the cardiac consequences of chronic swimming training, focusing on the mitochondrial network, in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR). Male adult SHR were randomized to sedentary or trained (T: 8-week swimming protocol). Blood pressure and echocardiograms were recorded, and hearts...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Joshua Godoy Coto Erica V Pereyra Fiorella A Cavalli Carlos A Valverde Claudia I Caldiz Sabina M Mat é Alejandra M Yeves Irene L Ennis Source Type: research

Functional expression of the proton sensors ASIC1a, TMEM206, and OGR1 together with BK < sub > Ca < /sub > channels is associated with cell volume changes and cell death under strongly acidic conditions in DAOY medulloblastoma cells
In this study, using RT-qPCR, whole-cell patch clamp, and Ca2+-imaging, we uncovered several ion channels and a G protein-coupled receptor, which were regulated directly or indirectly by low extracellular pH in DAOY and UW228 medulloblastoma cells. Acidification directly activated acid-sensing ion channel 1a (ASIC1a), the proton-activated Cl- channel (PAC, ASOR, or TMEM206), and the proton-activated G protein-coupled receptor OGR1. The resulting Ca2+ signal secondarily activated the large conductance calcium-activated potassium channel (BKCa). Our analyses uncover a complex relationship of these transmembrane proteins in D...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 16, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Karolos-Philippos Pissas Stefan Gr ünder Yuemin Tian Source Type: research

Are you sometimes lost? Read our new Concept Articles!
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 16. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02963-8. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38622293 | DOI:10.1007/s00424-024-02963-8 (Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology)
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 15, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Andreas Draguhn Armin Kurtz Source Type: research

Membrane potential dynamics of C5a-stimulated neutrophil granulocytes
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 13. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02947-8. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTNeutrophil granulocytes play a crucial role in host defense against invading pathogens and in inflammatory diseases. The aim of this study was to elucidate membrane potential dynamics during the initial phase of neutrophil activation and its relation to migration and production of reactive oxygen species (ROS). We performed ROS production measurements of neutrophils from healthy C57BL/6J mice after TNFα-priming and/or C5a stimulation. The actin cytoskeleton was visualized with fluorescence microscopy. Furthermore, we combined migrat...
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 13, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Stina Becker Aljoscha Swoboda Henrik Siemer Sandra Schimmelpfennig Sarah Sargin Victor Shahin Albrecht Schwab Karolina Najder Source Type: research

Tribute to Andrea Huwiler (1966-2023)
Pflugers Arch. 2024 Apr 9. doi: 10.1007/s00424-024-02958-5. Online ahead of print.NO ABSTRACTPMID:38592461 | DOI:10.1007/s00424-024-02958-5 (Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology)
Source: Pflugers Archiv : European Journal of Physiology - April 9, 2024 Category: Physiology Authors: Josef Pfeilschifter Erich Gulbins Source Type: research