Sports Related Concussion
Sports-related concussions (SRC) have been a topic of interest for decades and are a prevalent risk of sports participation. The definition of SRC continues to evolve but includes a plausible mechanism and associated symptoms of injury. Rates of concussion vary among sports, and many sports have adopted rule changes to limit this risk for its athletes. There has been a considerable effort to prevent the occurrence of SRC, as well as a focus on safe return to learn and sport alike. There is growing concern about the ramifications of concussions, which will continue to warrant further investigation. (Source: Physical Medicin...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 26, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Scott R. Laker, Christian Nicolosi Source Type: research

Acute Management of Moderate to Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
The focus of this article is on the acute management of traumatic brain injury. The article focuses on the classification of traumatic brain injury, general acute management of traumatic brain injury, the role of the physiatrist on this team, and lastly, behavioral and family considerations in the acute care setting. The article includes a focus on physiologic systems, strategies for the management of various aspects of brain injury, and consideration of factors associated with the continuum of care. Overall, the article reviews this critical period of brain injury recovery and provides a primer for the physiatrist. (Sourc...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 24, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Anne Hudak, Rosanna Sabini, Makinna Moen, David Rothman Source Type: research

Rehabilitation of Persistent Symptoms After Concussion
Persistent symptoms following a mild traumatic brain injury are challenging to treat and pose a significant threat to community reintegration. Early recognition and intervention play a pivotal role in preventing the development of persistent symptoms by providing education that emphasizes clear recovery expectations and the high likelihood of full symptom resolution. We recommend early development of a personalized treatment plan, offering guidance on gradual return to activity and specific symptom-targeted treatments that may incorporate both pharmacologic and nonpharmacologic interventions. (Source: Physical Medicine and...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 24, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Ashley Lujan, Katherine Lin Source Type: research

Complementary and Integrative Medicine in Treating Headaches, Cognitive Dysfunction, Mental Fatigue, Insomnia, and Mood Disorders Following Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a complex condition associated with a range of persistent symptoms including headaches, cognitive dysfunction, mental fatigue, insomnia, and mood disorders. Conventional treatments for TBI-related symptoms can be insufficient, leading to interest in complementary and integrative medicine (CIM) approaches. This comprehensive article examines the existing literature on CIM modalities, including mind-body interventions, acupuncture/acupressure, herbal remedies, nutritional supplements, biofeedback, yoga, and tai chi in the context of managing secondary complications following TBI. The article h...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 23, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Bruno Subbarao, Zayd Hayani, Zeke Clemmens Source Type: research

Management of Medical Complications during the Rehabilitation of Moderate –Severe Traumatic Brain Injury
This article will focus on some of the key medical issues that providers may encounter during acute inpatient rehabilitation. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 21, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Derrick Allred Source Type: research

Military Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) in the military can involve distinct injury mechanisms, diagnostic challenges, treatments, and course of recovery. TBI has played a prominent role in recent conflicts, causing significant morbidity and mortality. Blast-related TBI in combat settings is often accompanied by other physical injuries. Military TBIs of all severities can lead to prolonged recoveries and persistent sequelae. The complex interplay between TBI, pain, and mental health conditions can significantly complicate diagnosis and recovery. Military and veteran health settings and programs provide comprehensive care along the co...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 21, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Diane Schretzman Mortimer Source Type: research

Management of Pain and Headache After Traumatic Brain Injury
This article will identify common causes of pain following traumatic brain injury (TBI), discuss current treatment strategies for these complaints, and help tailor treatments for both acute and chronic settings. We will also briefly discuss primary and secondary headache disorders, followed by common secondary pain disorders that may be related to trauma. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 21, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Udai Nanda, Grace Zhang, David Underhill, Sanjog Pangarkar Source Type: research

Neuropsychological Evaluation in Traumatic Brain Injury
Neuropsychological evaluations can be helpful in the aftermath of traumatic brain injury. Cognitive functioning is assessed using standardized assessment tools and by comparing an individual ’s scores on testing to normative data. These evaluations examine objective cognitive functioning as well as other factors that have been shown to influence performance on cognitive tests (eg, psychiatric conditions, sleep) in an attempt to answer a specific question from referring providers. Refe rral questions may focus on the extent of impairment, the trajectory of recovery, or ability to return to work, sport, or the other previo...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 21, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Victoria O ’Connor, Robert Shura, Patrick Armistead-Jehle, Douglas B. Cooper Source Type: research

Medical-Legal Issues in Traumatic Brain Injury
Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI) cases often involve both medical and legal issues, litigation and prolonged recovery timelines. As TBI cases are often complex, and can have a significant impact on the lives of the patients and their families/caregivers, having a comprehensive understanding of the causes, diagnoses, treatments and long term outcomes will be valuable in understanding the medical and legal aspects of this type of injury. Patients, families, and health care professionals will all benefit from a deeper understanding of the medical and legal aspects of TBI, which should help improve rehabilitation and recovery outc...
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 21, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Stuart J. Glassman Source Type: research

Innovations in Stroke Recovery and Rehabilitation
PHYSICAL MEDICINE AND REHABILITATION CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 20, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Joan Stilling, Joel Stein Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 20, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Contributors
BLESSEN C. EAPEN, MD (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 20, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Contents
Blessen C. Eapen (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 20, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Traumatic Brain Injury Rehabilitation (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 20, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Source Type: research

Chronic Traumatic Encephalopathy
This article focuses on neuropathologic diagnostic criteria for chronic traumatic encephalopathy (CTE) and consensus research diagnostic criteria for traumatic encephalopathy syndrome (TES). CTE as a tauopathy has a unique pattern for diagnosis and differs from other neurodegenerative diseases. We discuss the history, neuropathology, and mechanism of CTE as well as the preliminary reasearch diagnostic criteria for TES, which is the proposed clinical presentation of suspected CTE. (Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America)
Source: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Clinics of North America - March 20, 2024 Category: Rehabilitation Authors: Allison Wallingford, Cherry Junn Source Type: research