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Identical twins, asymmetrical mitosis and bilateral symmetry of organisms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 18613643 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Okun MR, Edelstein LM Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

An unanswered 2003 letter appealing on behalf of all mankind to Nobel Laureate Roderick McKinnon to use his newfound fame and visibility to begin restoring honesty and integrity to basic biomedical science by rebutting or correcting suspected plagiarism in his Nobel-Prize-winning work.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The centerpiece of this document is an unanswered letter of appeal from the author to Professor Roderick MacKinnon of the Rockefeller University dated November 17, 2003. The aim of the appeal is summarized in the title of this communication. In addition to the 2003 letter, there are also two follow-up letters in this communication, each containing a copy of the 2003 letter and each repeating the appeal. The follow-up letters, dated February 22, 2008 and April 2, 2008 respectively, were also unanswered. To make sure that these letters reached their destination, each was certified with delivery time and date affirmed. Th...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Ling G Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Exposure to an additional alternating magnetic field affects comb building by worker hornets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Oriental hornet workers, kept in an Artificial Breeding Box (ABB) without a queen, construct within a few days brood combs of hexagonal cells with apertures facing down. These combs possess stems that fasten the former to the roof of the ABB. In an ABB with adult workers (more than 24 h after eclosion), exposed to an AC (50 Hz) magnetic field of a magnitude of B = 50-70 mGauss, the combs and cells are built differently from those of a control ABB, subjected only to the natural terrestrial magnetic field. The effects of the additional magnetic field consist of (a) 35-55% smaller number of cells and fewer eggs in each co...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Ishay JS, Plotkin M, Volynchik S, Shaked M, Schuss Z, Bergman DJ Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Regulation of 5-aminolevulinic acid-dependent protoporphyrin IX accumulations in human histiocytic lymphoma U937 cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of the present work is to clarify the mechanism(s) that regulates the accumulation of protoporphyrin IX (PpIX) in human histiocytic lymphoma cell line U937 incubated with 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA). Biosynthesis and accumulation of PpIX in the cells was determined after incubation with 0.1-5 mM ALA using a flow cytometric technique. The synthesized endogenous PpIX was found to localize predominantly in the mitochondrial region of the cells. The ALA-enhanced PpIX synthesis was suppressed by the presence of either beta-alanine, a competitive inhibitor of beta-transporters on cell membranes, or carbonyl cyanide p...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Okimura Y, Fujita H, Ogino T, Inoue K, Shuin T, Yano H, Yasuda T, Inoue M, Utsumi K, Sasaki J Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

History of the membrane (pump) theory of the living cell from its beginning in mid-19th century to its disproof 45 years ago--though still taught worldwide today as established truth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The concept that the basic unit of all life, the cell, is a membrane-enclosed soup of (free) water, (free) K+ (and native) proteins is called the membrane theory. A careful examination of past records shows that this theory has no author in the true sense of the word. Rather, it grew mostly out of some mistaken ideas made by Theodor Schwann in his Cell Theory. (This is not to deny that there is a membrane theory with an authentic author but this authored membrane theory came later and is much more narrowly focussed and accordingly can at best be regarded as an offshoot of the broader and older membrane theory without a...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Ling G Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Belaboring the obvious: maintenance of form with growth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19256357 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Okun MR, Edelstein LM Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Some qualitative liver functions in hornet yellow cuticle.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In social hornets of sub-family Vespinae there are stripes or areas in the cuticle which are endowed with a bright color (yellow, orange, green) that is different from the customary native brown color. In these brightly colored areas, the middle and bottom layers of the cuticle contain a yellow-colored filling material instead of the ordinary lamellae of which the cuticle is comprised. At high magnification, most of the yellow matter is seen to be made up of yellow granules interlinked by string-like threads. Apart from yellow granules, hemolymph and a surrounding cuticle, these areas are also found to contain glucose,...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Ishay JS, Plotkin M, Volynchik S, Bergman DJ Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Enhancement of aluminum intake of mice by specific amino acids: long-term dosing.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Aluminum ion was administered orally to mice for a long period (80 weeks). Aluminum, magnesium, and calcium in the urine were measured weekly, and aluminum in organs, i.e., brain, kidney, liver, heart, lung, and bone, was measured in the final stage. Calcium in the bones was also measured. The results of the urine tests suggest that aluminum ion is hardly absorbed by mice if it is dosed alone. Aluminum ion administered with glycine or glutamic acid is accumulated in vivo, but the presence of tryptophane has little influence on aluminum incorporation. When aluminum remains in the body, the calcium and magnesium excretio...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Aikoh H, Yamato M, Shibahara T Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Effect of starvation on the survival of male and female mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We previously observed that female mice survived significantly longer than male mice under fasting conditions. To elucidate the mechanism underlying the sex different effect of fasting, we analyzed various events induced in male and female mice. Kinetic analysis revealed that fasting elicited hypothermia and decreased muscle weight more apparently in male than in female mice. The life-time of male was increased by administration of estradiol while that of female was decreased by ovariectomy. Although plasma levels of estradiol were below detectable levels in male mice, those in female were significantly high and remain...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Jikumaru M, Hiramoto K, Honma T, Sato EF, Sekiyama A, Inoue M Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Sodium loss with tissue sodium deficiency in sodium supplemented and unsupplemented rats during prolonged hypokinesia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To demonstrate the effect of sodium supplementation and hypokinesia (HK; diminished movement) on the total bodily sodium (Na+) loss and tissue Na+ deficiency, tissue Na+ content, plasma Na+ level and Na+ loss were measured. Studies were conducted on male Wistar rats during a pre-experimental and experimental period. Animals were equally divided into four groups: unsupplemented vivarium control rats (UVCR), unsupplemented hypokinetic rats (UHKR), supplemented vivarium control rats (SVCR) and supplemented hypokinetic rats (SHKR). A daily supplementation of 3.50 mEq sodium chloride (NaCl) was given to animals in the SVCR ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Zorbas YG, Kakuris KK, Deogenov VA, Yerullis KB Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Nano-protoplasm: the ultimate unit of life.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Among the most promising scientific achievements of the 19th century was the recognition that the laws governing the dead world also govern the world of the living and that life has a physical basis called protoplasm. Regrettably, the definition of protoplasm provided then was (inescapably) incorrect, offering a (legitimate) reason for rejecting the concept of protoplasm by an overwhelming majority of later investigators, teachers and other opinion-makers. Without a recognized physical basis, Life itself also faded into the limbo of the unexplainable. However, eventually the needed relevant parts of physics and chemist...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2007 Category: Physics Authors: Ling G Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

In response to an open invitation for comments on AAAS project 2061's Benchmark books on science. Part 1: documentation of serious errors in cell biology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Project 2061 was founded by the American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS) to improve secondary school science education. An in-depth study of ten 9 to 12th grade biology textbooks led to the verdict that none conveyed "Big Ideas" that would give coherence and meaning to the profusion of lavishly illustrated isolated details. However, neither the Project report itself nor the Benchmark books put out earlier by the Project carries what deserves the designation of "Big Ideas." Worse, in the two earliest-published Benchmark books, the basic unit of all life forms--the living cell--is described as a soup en...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Ling G Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

MRI of oriental hornet head.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The head of the Oriental hornet in situ, detached from a live sample was imaged using Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI). This non-invasive method enabled us to visualize the three-dimensional structure of the hornet's brain and intracerebral organs, as based on cubic voxels of 23 microm3. From these images, we could identify various cephalic structures in both supra-esophageal and sub-esophageal locations. In the former location, we identified and visualized the ocelli, ommatidia, mushroom body, lobula, medulla and the compound eyes in the protocerebrum, as well as the olfactory lobe and bases of the antenna in the deut...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Plotkin M, Neufeld A, Ermakov NY, Volynchik S, Bergman DJ, Navon G, Ishay JS Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Diazepam inhibits reproduction and reproductive behavior of oriental hornet. A possible role for the peripheral-type benzodiazepine receptor.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Feeding of diazepam to young hornets completely inhibits or delays development of their ovaries for a relatively long period. In control hornets, the ovaries usually develop within a day or two post eclosion and comb building commences on the second day of life. The hornets then oviposit into the comb cells and the deposited ova give rise to larvae. Trials were performed on parallel groups of hornets of various ages. When the sedative diazepam was administered to hornets aged 0-24 hours the ovaries of these young hornets failed to show any development, so that no oocytes ripened and consequently there was no ovipositio...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Ishay JS, Fuksman E, Ermakov NY, Plotkin M Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Histological changes in spleens of radio-sensitive and radio-resistant mice exposed to low-dose X-ray irradiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined histological changes of lymphatic follicles at 4, 24, or 48 hrs after sham, 0.25, 0.5, or 15 Gy irradiation in the spleens of BALB/c mice, which are sensitive to radiation compared with other strains, and C57BL/6J mice, which are resistant to radiation, using hematoxylin-eosin staining for lymphatic follicles or methylgreen pyronin staining for plasma cells. Results show that the lymphatic follicles in the spleens of the two mouse strains decreased at 24 or 48 hrs after 15 Gy irradiation. The number of plasma cells in the spleens of sham irradiated BALB/c mice was greater than that of sham irradi...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Kataoka T, Mizuguchi Y, Notohara K, Taguchi T, Yamaoka K Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Stimulation of membrane permeability transition by alpha-lipoic acid and its biochemical characteristics.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mitochondria play an important role in apoptosis by generating reactive oxygen species (ROS) and inducing membrane permeability transition (MPT). Recent studies on alpha-lipoic acid (LA) and its reduced form, dihydrolipoic acid, suggest that these agents (LAs) inhibit apoptosis of cells by means of their antioxidant activity. On the other hand, LAs also stimulate Ca2+-dependent mitochondrial MPT and induce apoptosis of certain cells. Thus, the role of LAs in apoptotic cell death remains obscure. We investigated the mechanism of LA-induced MPT of mitochondria. Biochemical analysis revealed, in the presence of Ca2+, inor...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Aoyama S, Okimura Y, Fujita H, Sato EF, Umegaki T, Abe K, Inoue M, Utsumi K, Sasaki J Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Analysis of homologous derivatives of cephalothin by multivariate methods for clinical efficacy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This work presents the analysis of pharmacological properties of a homologous set of cephalothin derivatives formed after inserting an aliphatic ester substituent having from one to ten carbon atoms (ie. -CH3 or -CH2CH3) in place of the former carboxyl group (-C(O)OH). These compounds were shown to have significant correlations and associations in their properties after analysis by pattern recognition methods including cluster analysis, detrended correspondence analysis, and K-means cluster analysis. Formula weight of all derivatives is directly correlated and increases with molar volume, parachor, and molar refractivi...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Bartzatt R Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

An ultra simple model of protoplasm to test the theory of its long-range coherence and control so far tested (and affirmed) mostly on intact cell(s).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article describes simple experimental models that could cogently test the theory of this connectedness and its control by drugs and other cardinal adsorbents. PMID: 18472471 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Ling G Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Tissue magnesium loss during prolonged hypokinesia in magnesium supplemented and unsupplemented rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aims at showing that during hypokinesia (HK) tissue magnesium (Mg2+) content decreases more with higher Mg2+ intake than with lower Mg2+ intake and that Mg2+ loss increases more with higher than lower tissue Mg2+ depletion due to inability of the body to use Mg2+ during HK. Studies were conducted on male Wistar rats during a pre-HK period and a HK period. Rats were equally divided into four groups: unsupplemented vivarium control rats (UVCR), unsupplemented hypokinetic rats (UHKR), supplemented vivarium control rats (SVCR) and supplemented hypokinetic rats (SHKR). SVCR and SHKR consumed 42 mEq Mg2+ per day. The ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Zorbas YG, Kakuris KK, Denogradov VA, Yerullis KB Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Basic study on biochemical mechanism of thoron and thermal therapy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Exposure to water in hot springs containing thoron is thought to exercise beneficial effects on hypertension and diabetes mellitus. To put to a test this hypothesis we examined the time dependent changes in the levels of lipid peroxide, vasoactive- and diabetes associated substances in human blood in order to throw further light on the possible beneficial influence of thoron and thermal therapy on the mechanism of hypertension and diabetes mellitus. Every 2 days, nasal inhalation of vapor containing thoron was performed for 40 min. Blood samples were collected after each treatment at 1, 2, and 3 weeks after the first t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Kataoka T, Aoyama Y, Sakoda A, Nakagawa S, Yamaoka K Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Effects of acetaminophen on hepatic gene expression in mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to identify alternation in various genes in liver of mice after administration of low and high doses of APAP. Male C57BL/6J mice received APAP (30 or 300 mg/kg, i.p.). They were sacrificed after 6 hr and 24 hr for assessment of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total RNA isolation, cDNA microarray analysis and histopathological analysis of liver injury. Low dose of APAP did not cause hepatotoxicity in mice. However, it was toxic at a high dose. Using microarray technology, we selected changed genes more than 1.5 fold. Gene expression changes were recorded e...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2006 Category: Physics Authors: Jeong SY, Lim JS, Park HJ, Cho JW, Rana SV, Yoon S Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

What befalls the proteins and water in a living cell when the cell dies?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The solvency of solutes of varying molecular size in the intracellular water of freshly-killed Ehrlich carcinoma cells fits the same theoretical curve that describes the solvency of similar solutes in a 36% solution of native bovine hemoglobin--a protein found only in red blood cells and making up 97.3% of the red cell's total intracellular proteins. The merging of the two sets of data confirms the prediction of the AI Hypothesis that key intracellular protein(s) in dying cells undergo(es) a transition from: (1) one in which the polypeptide NHCO groups assume a fully-extended conformation with relatively strong power o...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2005 Category: Physics Authors: Ling GN, Fu YZ Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Water and electrolyte changes in skeletal and cardiac muscles of rats during prolonged hypokinesia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to show that hypokinesia (diminished movement) could affect differently water and electrolyte content in muscles having minimum differences in their function and morphology. To this end, we studied water and electrolyte content in skeletal and cardiac muscles, fluid excretion, electrolyte absorption, and electrolyte levels in plasma, urine and feces of rats during prolonged hypokinesia (HK). Studies were conducted on one-hundred-twenty-six 13-weeks old male Wister rats during a pre-hypokinetic period and a hypokinesia period. Animals were equally divided into two groups: vivarium control rat...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2005 Category: Physics Authors: Zorbas YG, Kakuris KK, Neofitos EA, Afoninos NI Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Effects of post low-dose X-ray irradiation on carbon tetrachloride-induced acatalasemic mice liver damage.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the effects of post low-dose (0.5 Gy) X-ray irradiation which reduced the oxidative damage under carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatopathy in acatalasemic or normal mice. As a result, the 0.5 Gy irradiation after carbon tetrachloride administration decreased the glutamic oxaloacetic and glutamic pyruvic transaminase activity in the acatalasemic mouse blood to a level similar to that of the acatalasemic mouse blood not treated with carbon tetrachloride; this is in contrast to a high-dose (15 Gy) irradiation. In the same manner, pathological disorder was improved by 0.5 Gy irradiation. The fat degeneration in norm...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2005 Category: Physics Authors: Kataoka T, Nomura T, Wang DH, Taguchi T, Yamaoka K Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Mechanisms of telomerase binding to telomeres.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There are essentially two alternative mechanisms for the binding of telomerase to telomeres, assuming that a protective component is initially bound to the telomerase binding region on the telomeres. Either the protective (or blocking) agent first dissociates and telomerase binds thereafter, or telomerase binds first and the protective agent then dissociates from the ternary complex. In the limit, this second possibility permits the ternary complex to become a transition complex (creating another possible mechanism). Numerical simulation of both rapid mixing and chemical relaxation is used to study these alternatives. ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2005 Category: Physics Authors: Czerlinski G, Ypma T Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Electrical properties of hornet silk: temperature dependence.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hornet silk is a polymer of amino acids. One of the known properties of polymers is their electrical activity. The present study describes the results of electrical measurements carried out vertically on the silk cap of pupae of the Oriental hornet Vespa orientalis (Hymenoptera, Vespinae). The measurements undertaken were the temperature-dependent electric current, voltage and resistance, all measured within the range of biological temperatures, as well as the capacitance. The temperature-dependent spontaneous current attained values up to 327 nano Amperes (nA) while the maximal voltage reached 347 millivolt (mV). The ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2005 Category: Physics Authors: Plotkin M, Ermakov NY, Bergman DJ, Ishay JS Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Studies on the amount of aluminum and calcium in urine following aluminum administration with and without amino acids.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The evidence implicating aluminum as a neurotoxin is mounting. Research with animals and humans has linked aluminum with neuro-cognitive dysfunction and, in some cases, death. Although the relationship between aluminum intake and Alzheimer's disease is still unclear, some experts have recently issued a strong warning that human exposure to aluminum should be limited. The results indicate that the amount of aluminum decreased in the urine in mice that were administered glycine or glutamic acid together with aluminum ion. In the mice in which the amounts of aluminum decreased in the urine, the amount of calcium conversel...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2005 Category: Physics Authors: Aikoh H, Nakamura K, Yamato M, Shibahara T Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

An updated and further developed theory and evidence for the close-contact, one-on-one association of nearly all cell K+ with beta- and gamma-carboxyl groups of intracellular proteins.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The primary focus of this communication is to present an updated and advanced version of the theory of close-contact association of molecules and ions through the spatial fixation and aggregation of the adsorbing sites. The last sections of the text also review a collection of relevant in vitro and in vivo experimental findings gathering since seventy years ago. Though some of these findings were published before the theory, old and new, they all support the theory that close-contact association with the beta-, and gamma-carboxyl groups of intracellular proteins causes the selective accumulation of potassium ions (K+) ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2005 Category: Physics Authors: Ling GN Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

How much water is made "non-free" by 36% native hemoglobin?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
At equilibrium, the concentration ratio of poly(ethylene gycol) (PEG-4000) in a dialysis sac containing a 35.1% solution of native bovine hemoglobin over that in the external solution is 0.196 +/- 0.028 (mean +/- SD). This apparent equilibrium distribution constant or rho-value of 0.196, when viewed side-by-side with the near-equal distribution of sucrose and raffinose in similar native-hemoglobin dominated water suggests all (rather than 80%) of the water in this solution has been altered by the native hemoglobin and is no longer free liquid water. Based on Ling's equation for solute exclusion, we found that an excess...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Ling GN, Hu WX Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Communication by electrical means in social insects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Social insects, belonging to the order Hymenoptera, maintain a fixed, optimal temperature in their nest. Thus, in social wasps and hornets, the optimal nest temperature is 29 degrees C, despite the fact that they are distributed in regions of varying climates both in the northern and southern hemispheres of the globe. Since hornets and bees are relatively small insects, determination of their own body temperature as well as that of their nest and the brood was made via thermometers or by the use of infrared (IR) rays. It has been suggested that thermoregulation in social insect colonies is effected primarily by the adu...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Galushko DV, Ermakov NY, Bergman DJ, Ishay JS Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Temperature distribution and electrical properties along the Oriental hornet body.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The hornet is an endothermic insect. Daily variations in hornet surface temperature were measured. Three peaks were found between 9:30 and 10: 30 a.m., 11 and 12 a.m. and between 2 and 3 p.m. Electrical current and voltage values were highest along the head. Electrical current along the gaster and the head flowed towards the thorax, i.e., from body parts with minimal temperature towards the body part with maximal temperature. Current and voltage values measured across the cuticle of the gaster were about 5nA and 100 mV, respectively, and these were of the same order of magnitude as the current and voltage values along ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Galushko DV, Ermakov NY, Bergman DJ, Ishay JS Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Phosphate deposition during and after hypokinesia in phosphate supplemented and unsupplemented rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to show that prolonged restriction of motor activity (hypokinesia) could reduce phosphate (P) deposition and contribute to P loss with tissue P depletion. To this end, measurements were made of tissue P content, P absorption, plasma P levels, urinary and fecal P excretion of rats during and after hypokinesia (HK) and daily phosphate supplementation. Studies were conducted on male Wistar rats during a pre-hypokinetic period, a hypokinetic period and a post-hypokinetic period. All rats were equally divided into four groups: unsupplemented vivarium control rats (UVCR), unsupplemented hypokineti...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Kakuris VJ, Tsiamis CB, Deogenov VA, Peskaratos JG Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Role of alpha-tocopherol in the regulation of mitochondrial permeability transition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We previously showed that Ca2+-induced cyclosporin A-sensitive membrane permeability transition (MPT) of mitochondria occurred with concomitant generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and release of cytochrome c (Free Rad. Res.38, 29-35, 2004). To elucidate the role of alpha-tocopherol in MPT, we investigated the effect of alpha-tocopherol on mitochondrial ROS generation, swelling and cytochrome c release induced by Ca2+ or hydroxyl radicals. Biochemical analysis revealed that alpha-tocopherol suppressed Ca2+-induced ROS generation and oxidation of critical thiol groups of mitochondrial adenine nucleotide transloca...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Yorimitsu M, Muranaka S, Sato EF, Fujita H, Abe K, Yasuda T, Inoue M, Utsumi K Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Molecular properties and antibacterial activity of the methyl and ethyl ester derivatives of ampicillin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ampicillin is a beta-lactam antibiotic that is effective against gram-negative bacteria. Ampicillin has a single carboxyl group (-C(O)OH) within its structure which is suitable for forming ester compounds. Diazomethane and diazoethane were utilized to react with ampicillin to form the methyl and ethyl esters, respectively. The ester derivatives of ampicillin were solubilized together (mole ratio 1:1) in LB media and penicillin resistant Escherichia coli added to measure antibacterial activity. Growth inhibition of bacteria was monitored by optical density after a known time period and with known specific concentrations...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Bartzatt R, Cirillo SL, Cirillo JD Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

On the modulation effect of pulsing and static magnetic fields and mechanical vibrations on barley seed hydration.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The changes of wet and dry weights of barley seed in different periods of swelling were studied in seeds treated with Extremely Low Frequency Electromagnetic Fields (ELF EMF), Static Magnetic Fields (SMF) and Mechanical Vibrations (MV) in cold (4 degrees C) and warm (20 degrees C) distilled water as well as in seeds non-treated (control). The metabolic dependent seed hydration, dry weight loss and water binding in seed were modulated by preliminary EMF, SMF and MV-induced treatment of distilled water. The specific electrical conductivity (SEC) of control and treated distilled water was measured before the seed incubati...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Amyan A, Ayrapetyan S Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

The thermoelectric properties of hornet cuticle: correlation with measuring body sites and activity status.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Our study focused on the thermoelectric properties of hornet cuticle at different body compartments and under varying states of awakeness. We also measured the temperature alteration patterns in various body parts of the hornet. Electric voltage and current were dependent on: a) the state of wakefulness; b) the part of the body. The current was lowest in dead hornet cuticle, somewhat higher in narcotized hornet cuticle, considerably higher in the cuticle of hornets awakening from anesthesia and highest in fully awake hornets. Voltage values were of the same order for dead and narcotized hornets, but considerably higher...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Pertsis V, Sverdlov A, Riabinin K, Kozhevnikov M, Ishay JS Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Evaluation of a simple carrier molecule to enhance drug penetration of dermal layers by utilizing multivariate methods, structure property correlations, and continuous system modeling.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nicotinic acid is shown to be comparable to dihydropyridine in its capacity to facilitate penetration of an attached antibacterial drug through dermal layers. Antibacterial drugs examined with nicotinic acid or dihydropyridine carriers were beta-lactam antibiotics: methicillin, oxacillin, benzylpenicillin, penicillin F, penicillin dihydro F, propicillin, carbenicillin, penicillin K, penicillin X, and ampicillin. An oxymethyl (-O-CH2-) group is inserted as the linker between the antibiotic and the carrier group. Structure Property Correlations and multivariate methods such as regression analysis, cluster analysis, princ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Bartzatt R Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

17beta-estradiol suppresses ROS-induced apoptosis of CHO cells through inhibition of lipid peroxidation-coupled membrane permeability transition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Oxidative stress-induced apoptotic cell death has been implicated to play a critical role in the mechanism of corpus luteum regression and follicular atresia. Recent studies suggests that reactive oxygen species (ROS) might play important roles in the regulation of luteal function. The present work describes the inhibitory effect of 17beta-estradiol (E2) on ROS-induced mitochondrial membrane permeability transition (MPT) and apoptosis of Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. ROS generated by Fe2+ and H2O2 induced mitochondrial lipid peroxidation, depolarization, activation of caspase-3 and DNA fragmentation in CHO cells b...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Miyaguchi C, Muranaka S, Kanno T, Fujita H, Akiyama J, Yoshioka T, Yasuda T Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

What determines the normal water content of a living cell?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Most living cells contain a large amount of water. To improve our understanding of this fundamental phenomenon of cell physiology, five theories are critically examined in the light of three sets of relevant experimental findings. These findings are: (1) the diversity and specificity of the percentage water content to tissue type; (2) the limitation imposed by the Law of the Conservation of Energy on postulating membrane pumps and (3) the non-extractability of cell water from the open ends of muscle cells whose membrane covering has been surgically removed. Two of the five theories examined are called respectively the ...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2004 Category: Physics Authors: Ling G Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Photo-induced arousal response by hornets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
When an Oriental hornet Vespa orientalis is subjected to ether anesthesia and then exposed to ultraviolet A light (UVAL) (at a wavelength of 366 nm), it commences showing signs of awakening by starting to move its limbs. While in the process of waking the voltage on its body surface surges sharply from 17-180 mV (median = 71.0) to a level of 93-570 mV (median = 327.5). This elevated level is maintained for several minutes but subsequently drops sharply to starting level. The increase in voltage is throughout accompanied by fluttering of the wings and movements of the legs, as well as attempts to extricate itself from t...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Pertsis V, Sverdlov A, Kozhevnikov M, Ishay JS Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

MR imaging of vertebral metastases at 0.2 Tesla: clinical evaluation of T1-weighted opposed-phase gradient-echo imaging.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this study was to evaluate clinically T1-weighted spin-echo imaging (T1-SE) and T1-weighted opposed-phase gradient-echo (T1-opposed GRE) in medical examinations for vertebral metastases using 0.2 Tesla MRI. Twenty-one patients (9 males and 12 females, 105 vertebrae) with non-neoplastic lesions were assigned to the normal group (Group N), whereas 27 patients (16 males and 11 females, 133 vertebrae) with malignant metastatic vertebral lesions were assigned to the metastatic group (Group M). Using quantitative analysis, the contrast to noise ratio (CNR) for bone marrow to muscle in the region of interest (R...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Ohno S, Togami I, Sei T, Ida K, Tsunoda M, Yamaoka K, Kanazawa S, Hiraki Y Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Cepharanthine, an anti-inflammatory drug, suppresses mitochondrial membrane permeability transition.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, therefore, we examined the effect of CEP on Ca2+- and Fe2+/ADP-induced MPT of isolated mitochondria. CEP inhibited Ca2+-induced swelling, depolarization, Cyt.c release, and the release of Ca2+ in a concentration dependent manner. CEP also inhibited Ca2+-induced generation of reactive oxygen species and Fe/ADP-induced swelling and lipid peroxidation. Furthermore, CEP suppressed Ca2+-induced thiol modification of adenine nucleotide transloase (ANT). These results suggested that CEP suppressed MPT by a decrease in affinity of cyclophilin D for ANT. From these results it was concluded that the suppression of MPT...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Nagano M, Kanno T, Fujita H, Muranaka S, Fujiwara T, Utsumi K Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

A new theoretical foundation for the polarized-oriented multilayer theory of cell water and for inanimate systems demonstrating long-range dynamic structuring of water molecules.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Over the centuries, a vast amount of evidence has been gathering that layers of water sometimes measuring tens of thousands of water molecules thick exhibit altered properties in consequence of exposure to some solid surfaces. Yet, a clear cut theory based on the laws of physics that would predict this kind of long range dynamic ordering of water molecules has been long missing. It is thus with great joy that I announce that a new theory has been developed, which offers theoretical confirmation of the phenomena of long-range dynamic structuring of water by appropriate solid surfaces and which gives clear cut quantitati...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Ling GN Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

The thermo-photoelectric (TPE) properties of the hornet cuticle: correlation with the morphological structure.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study investigated thermoelectric phenomena in the cuticle of the Oriental hornet Vespa orientalis (Hymenoptera, Vespinae). This was done in dependence on the pigment extant at various cuticular region, that is, the brown cuticle in which the primary pigment is melanin and embedded within the cuticle, and the yellow stripes in which the yellow pigment is comprised of purines and pteridines that are located in special pockets between the upper part of the cuticle and the basement membrane. The yellow pigment could be separated from the cuticle proper, but the brown pigment was not thus separable. We found th...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Pertsis V, Sverdlov A, Ishay JS Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

MRS study of the interaction of dihydropyridines with lipid molecules in phosphatidylcholine vesicles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, MRS technique has been used to clarify the interactions of the dihydrophyridines Nifedipine and Lacidipine within the lipid bilayer. 1D and 2D 1H MRS at high field have been employed to examine the behavior of unilamellar dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcholine liposomes when the two drugs have been inserted in the bilayer. In particular, the study represents an innovative application of 2D 1H NOESY technique to clarify different mechanisms of interactions of small molecules inside model membranes. On the other hand, 31P measurements have been performed in multilamellar dimyristoyl-phosphatidylcholine lipsomes to de...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Boffi F, Grande S, Marzi S, Dell'Ariccia M, Rosi A, Viti V, Congiu Castellano A Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Insulin secretion in monosodium glutamate (MSG) obese rats submitted to aerobic exercise training.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study was designed to evaluate the effects of aerobic exercise training on glucose tolerance and insulin secretion of obese male Wistar rats (monosodium glutamate [MSG] administration, 4 mg/g-body weight, each other day, from birth to the 14th day). Fourteen weeks after the drug administration, the rats were separated into two groups: MSG-S (sedentary) and MSG-T (T = swimming, 1 h/day, 5 days/week, with an overload of 5% body weight for 10 weeks). Rats of the same age and strain injected with saline were used as control (C) and subdivided into two groups: C-S and C-T. Insulin and glucose responses during an...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: de Souza CT, Nunes WM, Gobatto CA, de Mello MA Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Melanocytes: morphological basis for an exteroceptive sensory system for monitoring ultraviolet radiation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective clinical, blinded morphological and immuno-histochemical data from this experiment support the initial conclusion that neuronal connection is necessary for the normal ultraviolet exposure dermal reaction. Based upon this study, we further propose the existence of an exteroceptive sensory system in which melanocytes, with direct nervous system connection initiate an ultraviolet radiation reactive response that mobilizes both conventional endocrine and immune pathways. PMID: 15139281 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Ericsson AD, Dora J, Cao S Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Spectral properties of adrenaline in micellar environment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
An absorption and fluorescence spectral and temporal studies on the solubilzation properties of adrenaline in micellar environment in sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS) and in tetradodecyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (TTABr) has been carried out. Observed Stokes shifts have been correlated with polarity parameters which allowed an estimate of the dielectric constant of the adrenaline environment in SDS and TTABr micelles at 44 and 58, respectively. Experiments with methanol-water mixtures indicate that the hydrogen bonding formation with solvent and the hydrophilic nature of adrenaline influence its solubilization in micelles....
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Polewski K Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Effect of endogenously generated nitric oxide on the energy metabolism of peritoneal macrophages.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To understand the role of nitric oxide (NO) in the regulation of cellular metabolism in peritoneal macrophages under physiological low oxygen tension, its effect on the respiration and energy metabolism was examined with casein-induced peritoneal macrophages from the rat. Intraperitoneal injection of casein transiently induced peritoneal infiltration of neutrophils (peaked on day 1) followed by the migration of macrophages that peaked on day 2. Western blotting analysis using antibodies against inducible type of NO synthase (iNOS) revealed that macrophages appeared in the peritoneal cavity during an early stage (approx...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2003 Category: Physics Authors: Miyamoto M, Sato EF, Nishikawa M, Nishizawa Y, Morii H, Inoue M Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals

Reduction of mercuric ion in vitro by superoxide anion.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The reduction rate of mercuric ion to metallic mercury by a superoxide anion produced by a xanthine-xanthine oxidase system increased with an increased concentration of xanthine oxidase in the presence of enough xanthine. The reduction rate of mercuric ion by a superoxide anion in the presence of nitroblue tetrazolium (NBT) was proportional to the concentration of NBT. The result suggests that NBT was reduced to diformazan by a superoxide anion produced by a xanthine-xanthine oxidase system and that mercuric ion will be reduced to metallic mercury by diformazan. The reduction rate of mercuric ion was also indicative th...
Source: Physiological chemistry and physics and medical NMR - January 1, 2002 Category: Physics Authors: Aikoh H Tags: Physiol Chem Phys Med NMR Source Type: journals