MicroRNA-423 –5p inhibits the progression of trophoblast cells via targeting IGF2BP1
Preeclampsia (PE) is one of the leading causes of maternal and fetal mortality globally. The imbalance of trophoblast homeostasis is closely linked with the pathogenesis of PE. MicroRNA-423 –5p (miR-423–5p) has been reported to be abnormally expressed in placenta and blood plasma of pregnant women with PE. In the present study, miR-423–5p expression in blood plasma of pregnant women with PE and healthy pregnant women was detected. Also, the roles and molecular mechanisms of miR-4 23–5p in the development of trophoblast cells were further investigated. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - December 7, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Li Guo, Yu Liu, Ying Guo, Yongkang Yang, Biliang Chen Source Type: research
The Angiotensin II type 1 receptor mediates the effects of low oxygen on early placental angiogenesis
Placental development occurs in a low oxygen environment, which stimulates angiogenesis by upregulating vascular endothelial growth factor A (VEGFA), plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (SERPINE1) and the angiopoietin-2/-1 ratio (ANGPT2/1). At this time, Angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1R) is highly expressed. We postulated that the early gestation placental oxygen milieu, by stimulating the angiotensin (Ang) II/AT1R pathway, increases expression of proliferative/angiogenic factors. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - December 7, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Sarah J. Delforce, Eugenie R. Lumbers, Saije Morosin, Yu Wang, Kirsty G. Pringle Source Type: research
Isolated acute funisitis in the absence of acute chorioamnionitis: What does it mean?
Acute funisitis (AF) is most commonly associated with acute chorioamnionitis (AC) and ascending infection. The significance of cases of AF without associated AC or isolated funisitis (IF) is unknown. Our objective was to evaluate clinical and pathologic features of IF and to determine its significance. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - December 5, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tracy B. Grossman, Debra S. Heller, Rebecca N. Baergen Source Type: research
Title Page/Editorial Board
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Source: Placenta - November 28, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research
IFPA Pages
(Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 28, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Source Type: research
Analysis of the effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids on transporter expressions using a PCR array: Induction of xCT/SLC7A11 in human placental BeWo cells
Polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), including arachidonic acid (AA), eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), are essential for adequate fetal growth. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the effects of PUFAs on the expression and function of placental transporters, which play important roles in placental functions including the supply of nutrients to the fetus, excretion of metabolites, and protection of the fetus from xenobiotics. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 26, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kanako Ono, Ayako Furugen, Yuko Kurosawa, Naoko Jinno, Katsuya Narumi, Masaki Kobayashi, Ken Iseki Source Type: research
FUT8 drives the proliferation and invasion of trophoblastic cells via IGF-1/IGF-1R signaling pathway
Trophoblast proliferation and invasion are essential for embryo implantation and placentation. Protein glycosylation is one of the most common and vital post-translational modifications, participates in regulating cell adhesion, cell invasion and signal transduction. FUT8 is the only known fucosyltransferase responsible for catalyzing α1,6-fucosylation in mammals, and α1,6-fucosylated glycoproteins are found to participate in various physiopathological processes. However, whether FUT8/α1,6-fucosylation modulates the functions of trophoblastic cells remains elusive. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 22, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ming Yu, Cuixin Yuan, Hao Wang, Jianwei Liu, Huamin Qin, Shuai Liu, Qiu Yan Source Type: research
Fetal human leukocyte antigen-C and maternal killer-cellimmunoglobulin-like receptors in cases of severe preeclampsia
The pathogenesis of preeclampsia may involve inadequate trophoblast invasion caused by excessive inhibition of uterine natural killer cells (uNK) by extravillous trophoblast cells (EVT). This may be the result of a combination of maternal killer-cell immunoglobin-like receptor (KIR) AA genotype and fetal human leukocyte antigen-C2 (HLA-C2) genotype. A few studies have reported a significantly increased frequency of the maternal KIR AA/fetal HLA-C2 combination in cases of preeclampsia compared to controls. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 22, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tine Graakj ær Larsen, Rinat Hackmon, Daniel E. Geraghty, Thomas Vauvert F. Hviid Source Type: research
SLC11A1 is expressed in the human placenta across multiple gestational ages
This report demonstrates that SLC11A1 is expressed in the syncytiotrophoblast of the human placenta at multiple gestational ages. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 22, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ian D. Perry, Lakshmi Krishnan, Shawn P. Murphy Tags: Short communication Source Type: research
Differential effect of LPS and IL-1 β in term placental explants
Inflammation is an important cause of placental dysfunction often associated with pregnancy complications. One well-known cause of inflammation is infection, through conserved “pathogen-associated molecular patterns” (PAMPs). Endogenous inducers of inflammation, known as “damage-associated molecular patterns” (DAMPs), have also been associated with pathological pregnancies and could contribute to the observed placental inflammation. Although both stimuli (i.e. PAM Ps/DAMPs) can induce inflammation, they have yet to be studied together to compare their inflammatory effects on the placenta. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 21, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Cyntia Duval, Marie-Eve Brien, Virginie Gaudreault, Ines Boufaied, Bernadette Baker, Rebecca L. Jones, Sylvie Girard Source Type: research
Isolation of villous cytotrophoblasts from second trimester human placentas
Human placental functional studies are often performed using immortalised trophoblast cells and cell lines established from human choriocarcinomas, which, while practical, may not truly reflect trophoblast function in vivo. Primary trophoblast cultures derived from human placentas following pregnancy termination or delivery are more clinically relevant, but trophoblast isolation protocols are only available for 1st trimester and term placental tissues. Here we report a method for isolation and purification of primary villous cytotrophoblasts from 2nd trimester human placentas, that yields>99% trophoblast purity as shown by...
Source: Placenta - November 21, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Tanja Jankovic-Karasoulos, Dale McAninch, Dylan McCullough, Rebecca L. Wilson, Tina Bianco-Miotto, Claire T. Roberts Source Type: research
Comparative transcriptome analysis of embryo invasion in the mink uterus
In mink, as many as 65% of embryos die during gestation. The causes and the mechanisms of embryonic mortality remain unclear. The purpose of our study was to examine global gene expression changes during embryo invasion in mink, and thereby to identify potential signaling pathways involved in implantation failure and early pregnancy loss. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 15, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Xinyan Cao, Chao Xu, Yufei Zhang, Zhanyu Du, Junguo Cao, Weigang Zhao, Kun Bao, Qiong Wu Source Type: research
Pravastatin improves fetal survival in mice with a partial deficiency of heme oxygenase-1
Statins induce heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) expression in vitro and in vivo. Low HO-1 expression is associated with pregnancy complications, e.g. preeclampsia and recurrent miscarriages. Here, we investigated the effects of pravastatin on HO-1 expression, placental development, and fetal survival in mice with a partial HO-1 deficiency. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 14, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Abraham Tsur, Flora Kalish, Jordan Burgess, Nihar R. Nayak, Hui Zhao, Kerriann M. Casey, Maurice L. Druzin, Ronald J. Wong, David K. Stevenson Source Type: research
Fetal membrane architecture, aging and inflammation in pregnancy and parturition
Preterm birth is the single major cause of infant mortality. Short and long term outcomes for infants are often worse in cases of preterm premature rupture of the fetal membranes (pPROM). Thus, increased knowledge of the structure characteristics of fetal membranes as well as the mechanisms of membrane rupture are essential if we are to develop effective treatment strategies to prevent pPROM. In this review, we focus on the role of inflammation and senescence in fetal membrane biology. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 10, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ramkumar Menon, Lauren S. Richardson, Martha Lappas Source Type: research
Placenta Imaging Workshop 2018 report: Multiscale and multimodal approaches
The Centre for Medical Image Computing (CMIC) at University College London (UCL) hosted a two-day workshop on placenta imaging on April 12th and 13th 2018. The workshop consisted of 10 invited talks, 3 contributed talks, a poster session, a public interaction session and a panel discussion about the future direction of placental imaging. With approximately 50 placental researchers in attendance, the workshop was a platform for engineers, clinicians and medical experts in the field to network and exchange ideas. (Source: Placenta)
Source: Placenta - November 1, 2018 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Paddy Slator, Rosalind Aughwane, Georgina Cade, Daniel Taylor, Anna L. David, Rohan Lewis, Eric Jauniaux, Adrien Desjardins, Laurent J. Salomon, Anne-Elodie Millischer, Vassilis Tsatsaris, Mary Rutherford, Edward D. Johnstone, Andrew Melbourne, participan Source Type: research
