Estimating excess migration associated with tropical storms in the USA 1990 –2010
AbstractTropical storms are among the most devastating natural disasters in the USA. Climate change is projected to make them even more destructive, and the number of people and properties at risk has steadily increased over the past several decades. Migration is often seen by scholars as an adaptation strategy to reduce exposure to future natural disasters. However, studies of migration after tropical storms have led to inconsistent results and have not analyzed post-storm migration from the viewpoint of exposure to future events. This paper adopts an innovative approach to estimate “excess migration” associated with ...
Source: Population and Environment - April 19, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Correction to: Spatio-temporal patterns of pre-eclampsia and eclampsia in relation to drinking water salinity at the district level in Bangladesh from 2016 to 2018
(Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - March 23, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The effect of temperature on birth rates in Europe
This study also shows that the effect of high-humidity hot days is much stronger than that of hot days with low humidity. Besides, the effect of heatwave days has been found to be more severe than that of hot days that are not preceded by other hot days. This study finds that some adaptation to heat might be expected only in the long run. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - March 6, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
A framework to link climate change, food security, and migration: unpacking the agricultural pathway
AbstractResearchers have long hypothesized linkages between climate change, food security, and migration in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). One such hypothesis is the “agricultural pathway,” which postulates that negative climate change impacts on food production harm livelihoods, which triggers rural out-migration, internally or abroad. Migration is thus an adaptation to cope with the impacts of climate change and bolster livelihoods. Recent evidence suggest s that the agriculture pathway is a plausible mechanism to explain climate-related migration. But direct causal connections from climate impacts on food...
Source: Population and Environment - March 5, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The effects of environmental and non-environmental shocks on livelihoods and migration in Tanzania
AbstractDisruptive events and calamities can have major consequences for households in the predominantly agrarian communities of Eastern Africa. Here, we analyze the impacts of environmental and non-environmental shocks on migration in Tanzania using panel models and longitudinal data from the Tanzania National Panel Survey between 2008 and 2013. Shocks are defined as events that lead to losses in income, assets, or both. We find shocks resulting from changes in environmental conditions to be positively related to migration over time with more recent shocks exerting the strongest impact. According to our estimates, the pro...
Source: Population and Environment - February 27, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Temperature and school absences: evidence from England
In conclusion, we provide additional evidence on the impact of temperature on children and propose an alternative pathway through which societal challenges associated with climate change and energy poverty could affect human capital accumulation. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - February 27, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Acquisition of disability after age 50 following extreme urban coastal flooding events in India
AbstractExtreme climate events are infrequently considered for older individuals ’ health and wellbeing in low and middle income countries. The world’s first and fourth largest urban populations exposed to extreme coastal flooding are in India (Mumbai and Kolkata). These and the next largest of India’s coastal cities, Chennai and Surat, each experienced an extreme flood ev ent in the years 2005-2007 that was either unprecedented in recorded meteorological history (Mumbai and Chennai) or whose magnitude exceeded any in the last 30 and 40 years (Kolkata and Surat). Panel data collected before these events (2004-2005), ...
Source: Population and Environment - February 17, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Extended families and demographic explanations for land use-cover change in the Brazilian Amazon
We present models for forest, secondary succession, annual crops, perennials and pastu re. Explanatory variables feature nine demographic factors with five others controlling for exogenous forces. The findings show strong effects for family dynamics and spatial distribution variables in many equations. Time on lot (cohort effect), the complexity of family structure (age effect) and so cial integration into urban fabric (spatial effect) are demographic processes that deserve further attention in land use studies. (Source: Population and Environment)
Source: Population and Environment - February 15, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Drought and migration: a case study of rural Mozambique
This study explores the relationship between migration and droughts in a rural Sub-Saharan setting from which men commonly migrate in search of non-agricultural employment. We use data from the Men ’s Migrations and Women’s Lives project, which includes a longitudinal household panel conducted in rural Mozambique between 2006 and 2017, and combine it with the Standardized Precipitation Evapotranspiration Index, a high-resolution climate measure. The fixed-effect models assess the lagged im pact of droughts on the labor migration status of male household heads. We find an immediate increase in migration following a drou...
Source: Population and Environment - January 5, 2024 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Climate (im)mobilities in the Eastern Hindu Kush: The case of Lotkuh Valley, Pakistan
In this study, we examine the interrelations between climate change and the environment as drivers of human mobility and immobility in the mountain communities of Lotkuh valley, Chitral, in north Pakistan. We employed a mixed methods approach grounded in migration theory to describe the relationship between climate change, environment, and (im)mobility outcomes. The study reveals that climate (im)mobilities are the outcome of a complex interplay between climate change, extreme events, and local livelihoods. The primary drivers of (im)mobility are socioeconomic factors. Forced displacement is driven by a multitude of extrem...
Source: Population and Environment - December 20, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Environmental correlates of mortality: How does air pollution contribute to geographic disparities in cardiovascular disease mortality?
In this study, I examine the associations between air pollution and county-level CVD mortality for the years 2016 to 2018 and how these associations vary across rural and urban counties. To answer these questions, I merge county-level data from multiple sources and apply spatial models. I find that higher concentrations of fine particulate matter (PM 2.5) are associated with higher CVD mortality rates, net of important county-level confounders such as socioeconomic and racial/ethnic composition. Moreover, PM 2.5 concentration is more strongly associated with CVD mortality in rural than in urban areas. These findings reveal...
Source: Population and Environment - November 17, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Child fostering in a changing climate: evidence from sub-Saharan Africa
In this study, we focus on the implications of climate variability for the movement of children by examining the association between climate exposures a nd the in- and out-fostering of children in sub-Saharan Africa. We link high-resolution temperature and precipitation records to data from the Demographic and Health Surveys for 23 sub-Saharan African countries. We fit a series of regression models to measure the overall associations between climate exposures and each outcome and then evaluate whether these associations are moderated by socioeconomic status, the number of children in the household, and the prevalence of fo...
Source: Population and Environment - November 2, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Assessing populations exposed to climate change: a focus on Africa in a global context
AbstractThe recent debate on population dynamics and climate change has highlighted the importance of assessing and quantifying disparities in populations ’ vulnerability and adopting a forward-looking manner when considering the potential impacts of climate change on different communities and regions. In this article, we overlay demographic projections based on the Shared Socioeconomic Pathways and climate change projections derived from the Repres entative Concentration Pathways. We focus on populations that are likely to be the most exposed to climate change in the future, namely, African populations in a comparative ...
Source: Population and Environment - November 2, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
Population growth and deforestation in Amazonas, Brazil, from 1985 to 2020
AbstractAmazonas state represents 37% of the Amaz ônia biome in Brazil. Although Amazonas remains 98% forested, its contribution to annual biome deforestation increased substantially in the past ten years. Herein, the connections between population and deforestation in Amazonas are investigated from 1985 through 2020. Anthropogenic landcover fract ion and population density varied spatially and temporally across the 62 municipalities of the state. The temporal variability had specific geographic patterns, and three microregions were identified. Economic development along the southern border, arising from agricultural acti...
Source: Population and Environment - November 2, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
The influence of COVID attitudes on environmental concern: a cross-national perspective
AbstractPast research on the influence of crisis on environmental attitudes shows an ambiguous picture. On the one hand, there is evidence of a short-term negative effect of economic factors on environmental attitudes, which is supported by the theory of affluence and the theory of postmaterialism. On the other hand, national studies on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic show a positive influence in terms of an increase in collective values and thus also environmental attitudes. This paper aims to investigate if this proposed positive effect of the pandemic found in some countries can be supported, since this has not been...
Source: Population and Environment - October 25, 2023 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research
