Association of Excessive Social Media Use with Abnormal White Matter Integrity of the Corpus Callosum
The use of social media sites can excite the reward centers of the brain (Meshi et al., 2013; Meshi et al., 2015). Hence, some people may develop excessive use patterns that may provide immediate reinforcing rewards but be disadvantageous in the long-run, and infringe users' normal functioning (Montag et al., 2017; Montag et al., 2018). Excessive social media use (ESMU) is defined as an excessive behavioral pattern of social media use that has adverse effects on individuals by producing addiction-like symptoms, including salience, withdrawal, mood modification, relapse, conflict, and tolerance" (He et al., 2017b). (Source:...
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - July 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Qinghua He, Ofir Turel, Antoine Bechara Source Type: research
Neural correlates of response bias: Larger hippocampal volume correlates with symptom aggravation in combat-related posttraumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a complex and debilitating psychiatric disorder, caused by exposure to traumatic events. PTSD is characterized by hyperarousal, avoidance, and re-experiencing, including intrusive memories and sensory flashbacks of the traumatic event (American Psychiatric Association, 2013). Diagnosis of PTSD is made by a clinical assessment of the nature of the traumatic event, the duration since the event, the symptoms experienced, and the level of functional impairment. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 27, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Oisin Butler, Kerstin Herr, Gerd Willmund, J ürgen Gallinat, Peter Zimmermann, Simone Kühn Source Type: research
Dental Health in advanced age and Alzheimer ´s Disease: A possible link with bacterial toxins entering the brain?
While abnormal deposition of amyloid beta protein in the brain is a pathological hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD), the debate about its pathogenetic role has undergone several twists (Maurer and Hoyer, 2006), the latest of which is a possible link with antimicrobial activity (Kumar et al., 2016). Amyloid beta oligomers have been found to exert intrinsic antibacterial and antifungal effects by binding to cell walls and inhibiting adhesion to host tissues (Kumar et al., 2016). (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 26, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Konrad Maurer, Sven Rahming, David Prvulovic Source Type: research
Aberrant functional connectivity between the thalamus and visual cortex is related to attentional impairment in schizophrenia
Cognitive impairment, a core feature of schizophrenia, is one of the most critical factors determining functional outcomes (Green et al., 2000). Although the pathophysiological mechanism of schizophrenia is unclear, it has been characterized as a neurodevelopmental disorder of brain dysconnectivity (Friston et al., 2016). There is considerable evidence suggesting that the thalamus is a crucial component of this dysconnect ivity (Pergola et al., 2015). (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Maeri Yamamoto, Itaru Kushima, Ryohei Suzuki, Aleksic Branko, Naoko Kawano, Toshiya Inada, Tetsuya Iidaka, Norio Ozaki Source Type: research
Changes in amygdala, cerebellum, and nucleus accumbens volumes in bipolar patients treated with lamotrigine
Bipolar disorder type II (BD-II) is characterized by frequent depressive phases, comorbidities such as anxiety and personality disorders, and high risk for disability and suicidal behaviors (Dell'Osso, Holtzman, Goffin, Portillo, Hooshmand, Miller et al., 2015; Holma, Haukka, Suominen, Valtonen, Mantere, Melartin et al., 2014; Nordentoft and Mortensen, 2011). BD II patients are also at elevated risk for relapse and recurrence, which increase their risk for self-harm and suicide (Holma et al., 2014). (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 12, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Isabelle E. Bauer, Robert Suchting, Fadwa Cazala, Gokay Alpak, Marsal Sanches, Fabiano G. Nery, Giovana B. Zunta-Soares, Jair C. Soares Source Type: research
Increased cognitive control and reduced emotional interference is associated with reduced PTSD symptom severity in a trauma-exposed sample: A preliminary longitudinal study
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) impacts approximately 15 million individuals each year in the United States alone (Kilpatrick et al., 2013). Neuroimaging work has begun to describe at least some of the pathophysiology underpinning PTSD. Individuals with PTSD show an increased amygdala response to emotional stimuli (Blair et al., 2013; El Khoury-Malhame et al., 2011; Hayes et al., 2012; Rauch et al., 2006; Shin and Liberzon, 2010), as well as disrupted recruitment of regions implicated in cognitive control, including emotion regulation (Blair et al., 2013; New et al., 2009; Pannu Hayes et al., 2009; Rabinak et al., 201...
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 11, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Stuart F. White, Michelle E. Costanzo, Laura C. Thornton, Alita M. Mobley, James R. Blair, Michael J. Roy Source Type: research
A Longitudinal Human Phantom Reliability Study of Multi-Center T1-weighted, DTI, and resting state fMRI Data
This study is being conducted as a part of the NIMH's Research Domain Criteria (RDoC) initiative. SSDs have been associated with changes across several structural and functional neuroimaging metrics, including deficits in white matter identified via cortical thickness (Schultz et al., 2010; Wheeler et al., 2015), diffusion imaging (Voineskos et al. , 2010), and resting state functional connectivity (Rotarska-Jagiela et al., 2010; Zhou et al., 2007). (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 9, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Colin Hawco, Joseph D. Viviano, Sofia Chavez, Erin W. Dickie, Navona Calarco, Peter Kochunov, Miklos Argyelan, Jessica Turner, Anil K. Malhotra, Robert W. Buchanan, Aristotle N. Voineskos, for the SPINS Group Source Type: research
Neurometabolic Abnormalities in the Associative Striatum in Antipsychotic-na ïve First Episode Psychosis Patients
Schizophrenia is a heterogeneous disorder often characterized by a remitting and relapsing course that can be progressive in its nature. Noteworthy efforts have been made to better understand the underlying neurobiology with respect to illness stages as a pivotal step in designing targeted interventions and alleviating disease burden. In this regard, the focus on first episode psychosis (FEP) patients is especially promising. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 9, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Soumya Sivaraman, Nina V. Kraguljac, David M. White, Charity J. Morgan, Sara S. Gonzales, Adrienne C. Lahti Source Type: research
Fronto-striatal effective connectivity of working memory in adults with cannabis use disorder
The expanding decriminalization of cannabis in the United States has brought forth debate and scrutiny regarding potentially detrimental cognitive effects of cannabis. Both animal (Rubino and Parolaro, 2014) and human (Schweinsburg et al., 2008a; Martin-Santos et al., 2010; Wrege et al., 2014) studies show that cannabis use disorder (CUD) is associated with altered working memory function (Solowij and Battisti, 2008; Crean et al., 2011; Schoeler and Bhattacharyya, 2013) and other cognitive dysfunction (Quickfall and Crockford, 2006; Bhattacharyya et al., 2012; Batalla et al., 2013). (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 8, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Liangsuo Ma, Joel L. Steinberg, James M. Bjork, Lori Keyser-Marcus, Jasmin Vassileva, Min Zhu, Venkatesh Ganapathy, Qin Wang, Edward L. Boone, Sergi Ferr é, Warren K. Bickel, F. Gerard Moeller Source Type: research
Higher fasting plasma glucose is associated with smaller striatal volume and poorer fine motor skills in a longitudinal cohort
This study investigated the relationship between blood glucose levels, striatal volume and fine motor skills in a longitudinal cohort of cognitively healthy individuals living in the community with normal or impaired fasting glucose or type 2 diabetes. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 7, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tianqi Zhang, Marnie Shaw, Erin Walsh, Perminder Sachdev, Kaarin J. Anstey, Nicolas Cherbuin Source Type: research
Effects of Valproate on brain volumes in pediatric bipolar disorder: a preliminary study
Bipolar disorder (BD) is a major health problem with a prevalence of about 4% in the general population (Ketter, 2010). Advances in the diagnosis and characterization of pediatric BD (PBD) showed that the early onset cases may constitute a particularly severe form of the illness (Ferreira-Maia et al., 2016). Early prevention and treatment are therefore primary research goals in this field. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 5, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Fadwa Cazala, Robert Suchting, Cristian P. Zeni, Isabelle E. Bauer, Benson Mwangi, Mon-Ju Wu, Ives Cavalcante Passos, Danielle E. Spiker, Giovanna B. Zunta-Soares, Jair C. Soares Source Type: research
A novel task for examining the neural basis of Theory of Mind deficits in Bipolar Disorder
Theory of mind is the ability to understand emotions, thoughts, and desires in oneself and others (Happ é, 2003). Theory of mind is thus fundamental to human cognition and social behavior, as it enables people to understand others and predict their behaviors, and because it precedes feelings of sympathy and prosocial behavior (Kerr, Dunbar,& Bentall, 2003). Several studies have reported that even when euthymic, people with bipolar disorder (BD) have measurable abnormalities in ToM processing (Bora, Bartholomeusz,& Pantelis, 2016; Mitchell& Young, 2016). (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 4, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Kiran Grant, Stefanie Hassel, Jacqueline A Bobyn, Geoffrey BC Hall, Glenda M MacQueen Source Type: research
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(Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - June 2, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: research
High Correlations between MRI Brain Volume Measurements based on NeuroQuant ® and FreeSurfer
Previously we compared NeuroQuant ® (NQ) and FreeSurfer (FS), two software applications that identify MRI brain regions and measure brain volume (Ochs, Ross, Zannoni, Abildskov and Bigler, 2015). Herein, we report on an extension of that study. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - May 30, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: David E. Ross, Alfred L. Ochs, David F. Tate, Umit Tokac, John Seabaugh, Tracy J. Abildskov, Erin D. Bigler Source Type: research
A Pilot Study of GABAB Correlates with Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Five Depressed Female Adolescents
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is diagnosed clinically using functional and mood-related impairments that are suggestive of but not specific to underlying neuropathology. There is significant variation in the etiology of MDD and in the response to treatment between patients (Kupfer et al., 2012). Rapidly implementable biomarkers are needed to characterize patient phenotypes and inform treatment plans. This is especially true for adolescents, in whom disease processes and neuromodulatory treatments interact with the developing brain. (Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging)
Source: Psychiatry Research: Neuroimaging - May 30, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Irena Balzekas, Charles P. Lewis, Julia Shekunov, John D. Port, Gregory A. Worrell, Hang Joon Jo, Paul E. Croarkin Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research
