Psychology of Addictive BehaviorsThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

This page shows you the latest items in this publication.

Pages: 1 2 3 4 5 6

264 records returned

Depression moderates smoking behavior in response to a sad mood induction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the effects of two induced moods on smoking behavior. Depression scores were examined as a potential moderator and mood changes were tested as a potential mediator. Smokers (N = 121) were randomly assigned to receive either a sad induction or a neutral induction via standardized film clips. Among participants with higher depression scores, smoking duration and the number of cigarette puffs were greater in response to the sad condition. There was also a marginal interactive effect on the change in expired air carbon monoxide among this subsample; however, no differences in smoking latency or craving ...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Fucito, Lisa M.; Juliano, Laura M. Source Type: journals

Gender-specific normative perceptions of alcohol-related protective behavioral strategies.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present research aimed (a) to determine whether students underestimate gender-specific descriptive normative perceptions for protective behavioral strategies; (b) to evaluate the relationships among perceived gender-specific descriptive and injunctive drinking norms and perceived gender-specific descriptive norms for protective behavioral strategies; and (c) to examine whether normative perceptions for protective behavioral strategies relate to use of these strategies when controlling for relevant drinking behavior factors (i.e., alcohol consumption, negative consequences, and attitude toward drinking behavior) and soc...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Lewis, Melissa A.; Rees, Michiko; Lee, Christine M. Source Type: journals

Alcohol primes, expectancies, and the working self-concept.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Previous research has shown that alcohol consumption can lead to momentary changes in the self-concept (e.g., Steele & Josephs, 1990). In two studies (n = 150), we examined whether the implicit activation of alcohol expectancies (i.e., sociability-related expectancies) would also lead to changes in self-perception. To test this idea, participants first completed a measure of sociability-related alcohol expectancies. In a subsequent laboratory session, participants were exposed to either alcohol-related primes (i.e., pictures or words associated with alcohol) or neutral primes. After the priming task, participants completed...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Hicks, Joshua A.; Schlegel, Rebecca J.; Friedman, Ronald S.; McCarthy, Denis M. Source Type: journals

Gambling problem symptom patterns and stability across individual and timeframe.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Few studies investigate gambling problems at the symptom level; even fewer investigate how symptom patterns change throughout the course of a gambling disorder. The current study utilized the National Epidemiological Survey on Alcohol and Related Conditions (NESARC; Grant et al., 2004) to investigate how the specific symptoms of disordered gambling relate to its severity and course. Results demonstrated that symptom patterns and stability changed as the number of symptoms endorsed increased. Symptom patterns varied considerably from prior to past year (PPY) to past year (PY) timeframes. Certain symptoms were more stable th...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Nelson, Sarah E.; Gebauer, Line; LaBrie, Richard A.; Shaffer, Howard J. Source Type: journals

The Gambling Craving Scale: Psychometric validation and behavioral outcomes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reports the development of the Gambling Craving Scale (GACS). In Study 1 (N = 220), a factor analysis revealed the emergence of a 9-item scale with 3 factors: Anticipation, Desire, and Relief. An important finding was that the GACS predicted problem gambling severity, depression, and positive and negative affect. In Study 2 (N = 145), the factor structure of the GACS was confirmed using a community sample of gamblers. In Study 3 (N = 46), GACS scores significantly predicted persistence at play on a virtual slot machine in the face of continued loss. Specifically, the more participants craved to gamble, the lon...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Young, Matthew M.; Wohl, Michael J. A. Source Type: journals

Caffeine expectancy: Instrument development in the Rasch measurement framework.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although caffeine is the most widely consumed psychoactive drug in the world, the mechanisms associated with consumption are not well understood. Nonetheless, outcome expectancies for caffeine use are thought to underlie caffeine’s reinforcing properties. To date, however, there is no available, sufficient measure by which to assess caffeine expectancy. Therefore, the current study sought to develop such a measure employing Rasch measurement models. Unlike traditional measurement development techniques, Rasch analyses afford dynamic and interactive control of the analysis process and generate helpful information to guide...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Heinz, Adrienne J.; Kassel, Jon D.; Smith, Everett V. Source Type: journals

Evidence for a putative biomarker for substance dependence.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Electrodermal response modulation (ERM) reflects the reduction in skin conductance response to an aversive stimulus that is temporally predictable relative to when it is unpredictable. Poor ERM is associated with substance dependence (SD). It was hypothesized that ERM is a putative biomarker for SD rather than for externalizing disorders generally. Participants included 83 controls (no SD, antisocial personality disorder [PD] or borderline PD), 52 participants with SD only (SD and no PD), 12 with PD only (antisocial and/or borderline PD and no SD), and 35 comorbid (having SD and PD). Diagnoses at definite and probable cert...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Taylor, Jeanette; James, Lisa M. Source Type: journals

Longitudinal association between frequency of substance use and quality of life among adolescents receiving a brief outpatient intervention.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluated the longitudinal association between frequency of use and QOL among adolescent substance abusers receiving a brief outpatient intervention. Participants were 106 adolescents, aged 13 to 21 years, who met criteria for substance abuse or dependence and completed 4 assessments over a 12 month period. Results of a parallel-process latent growth curve model indicated a moderate longitudinal association, such that reduced frequency of use was associated with QOL improvement. Elaboration of the temporal ordering of this association via a cross-lagged panel model revealed that frequency of substance use predic...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Becker, Sara J.; Curry, John F.; Yang, Chongming Source Type: journals

Does drinking lead to sex? Daily alcohol–sex behaviors and expectancies among college students.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A within-person multilevel approach was used to model the links between alcohol use and sexual behavior among first-year college students, using up to 14 days of data for each person with occasions (Level 1, N = 2879 days) nested within people (Level 2, N = 218 people; 51.4% male). Between-persons (Level 2) effects were gender, relationship status, person means of alcohol use, and alcohol-sex expectancies for sexual affect and sexual drive. Within-person (Level 1) effects were weekend days, number of drinks consumed, and the interaction between drinks consumed and alcohol-sex expectancies. Independent of average alcohol us...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Patrick, Megan E.; Maggs, Jennifer L. Source Type: journals

A new decisional balance measure of motivation to change among at-risk college drinkers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study’s goal was to examine the convergent, discriminant, and predictive validity of the DBP as a measure of motivation to change. Participants were college students (N = 143) who reported having engaged in weekly heavy, episodic drinking and who had participated in a larger randomized clinical trial of brief motivational interventions (K. B. Carey, M. P. Carey, S. A. Maisto, & J. M. Henson, 2006). Findings indicated partial support for convergent and discriminant validity of the DBP. Compared with Likert scale measures of decisional balance and readiness to change, DBP scores reflecting greater movement toward chan...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Collins, Susan E.; Carey, Kate B.; Otto, Jacqueline M. Source Type: journals

ALDH2, ADH1B and alcohol expectancies: Integrating genetic and learning perspectives.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study evaluated associations of ALDH2 and ADH1B genotypes with alcohol expectancies and drinking behavior in a sample of Asian American young adults. In addition to assessing global alcohol expectancies, the authors developed a measure of physiological expectancies to evaluate an expectancy phenotype specific to the mechanism by which ALDH2 and ADH1B variations presumably influence drinking behavior. Compared with individuals with the ALDH2*1/*1 genotype, those with the ALDH2*2 allele reported greater negative alcohol expectancies, greater expectancies for physiological effects of alcohol and lower rates of alc...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Hendershot, Christian S.; Neighbors, Clayton; George, William H.; McCarthy, Denis M.; Wall, Tamara L.; Liang, Tiebing; Larimer, Mary E. Source Type: journals

Drinking to cope as a statistical mediator in the relationship between suicidal ideation and alcohol outcomes among underage college drinkers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Etiological models of alcohol use that highlight the role of negative affect and depression have not been applied to the association of suicidality and alcohol use. The authors examined whether a motivational model of alcohol use could be applied to understand the relationship between suicidal ideation and alcohol outcomes in a sample of underage college drinkers who had a history of passive suicidal ideation (n = 91). In this cross-sectional study, regression analyses were conducted to examine whether drinking to cope with negative affect statistically mediated or was an intervening variable in the association between sui...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Gonzalez, Vivian M.; Bradizza, Clara M.; Collins, R. Lorraine Source Type: journals

Reasons for abstaining or limiting drinking: A developmental perspective.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cross-sectional and longitudinal relations between reasons for abstaining or limiting drinking (RALD) and abstention were examined in a 16-year longitudinal study (N = 489) of college students with and without a family history of alcohol problems. Results indicated that RALD based upon upbringing or religiosity were associated with increased rates of abstention, whereas RALD based upon perceived or experienced negative consequences of drinking were associated with lower rates of abstention and increased alcohol consumption among drinkers. In addition, changes in RALD over time coincided with alcohol consumption transit...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Epler, Amee J.; Sher, Kenneth J.; Piasecki, Thomas M. Source Type: journals

Alcohol abuse and dependence symptoms: A multidimensional model of common and specific etiology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study tested a theoretical model hypothesizing differential pathways from 5 predictors to alcohol abuse and dependence symptoms. The participants were college students (N = 2,270) surveyed on 2 occasions in a 6-month prospective design. Social norms, perceived utility of alcohol use, and family history of alcohol problems were indirectly associated with Time 2 abuse and dependence symptoms through influencing level of alcohol consumption. Poor behavioral control had a direct effect on alcohol abuse but not on dependence symptoms at Time 2, whereas affective lability exhibited a direct prospective effect on alcohol dep...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Simons, Jeffrey S.; Carey, Kate B.; Wills, Thomas A. Source Type: journals

Selection and socialization of risky drinking during the college transition: The importance of microenvironments associated with specific living units.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Risky drinking among college students differs as a function of living types, with living at Greek houses as a major risk factor. Both self-selection based on prior drinking and socialization through living environments have been shown to account for this association. However, it is not clear whether selection and socialization processes occur as a function of specific living units within living types. Multilevel models using a prospective sample of incoming college students (N = 2,392) demonstrated that (1) precollege drinking based selection into specific living units occurred within both fraternity houses and residence h...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Park, Aesoon; Sher, Kenneth J.; Krull, Jennifer L. Source Type: journals

Executive functioning, irritability, and alcohol-related aggression.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The purpose of this investigation was to examine (a) whether irritability mediates the relation between executive functioning (EF) and alcohol-related aggression and (b) whether the alcohol-aggression relation is better explained by the interactive effects of EF and irritability above and beyond the effects of either variable alone. EF was measured using seven well-established neuropsychological tests. Irritability was assessed with the Caprara Irritability Scale. Participants were 313 male and female social drinkers between 21 and 35 years of age. Following the consumption of an alcohol or a placebo beverage, participants...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - September 30, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Godlaski, Aaron J.; Giancola, Peter R. Source Type: journals

Does a permissive workplace substance use climate affect employees who do not use alcohol and drugs at work? A U.S. national study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The goal of this study was to begin exploring the relations of multiple dimensions of workplace substance use climate (substance availability, workplace descriptive norms, and workplace injunctive norms) to perceived workplace safety, work strain, and employee morale among employees who do not use alcohol or drugs at work. Data were collected from a probability sample of employed adults in the United States (N = 2,051) who do not engage in workplace alcohol or drug use. The results showed that all three dimensions of workplace substance use climate were negatively related to workplace safety, positively related to work str...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Frone, Michael R. Source Type: journals

Smokers’ expectancies for abstinence: Preliminary results from focus groups.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides a preliminary step in understanding smokers’ expectancies for abstinence from cigarettes. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors)
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Hendricks, Peter S.; Wood, Sabrina B.; Hall, Sharon M. Source Type: journals

Beliefs and attitudes about bupropion: Implications for medication adherence and smoking cessation treatment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Beliefs about medication are associated with treatment adherence and outcome. This is a secondary analysis of the role of beliefs and attitudes about bupropion in treatment adherence and smoking cessation outcomes using data from a smoking cessation trial of open-label sustained-release (SR) bupropion therapy reported previously (Toll et al., 2007). Positive beliefs and attitudes were positively correlated with intentions, desire, confidence, and motivation to quit smoking; expectation of quitting success; perceived benefits of quitting; and perceived disadvantages of smoking. Positive beliefs were also associated with gre...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Fucito, Lisa M.; Toll, Benjamin A.; Salovey, Peter; O’Malley, Stephanie S. Source Type: journals

Timeline follow-back versus global self-reports of tobacco smoking: A comparison of findings with nondaily smokers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study compared 2 self-reported smoking measures for nondaily smokers. A total of 389 college students (48% women, 96% White, mean age = 19 years) smoking between 1 and 29 days out of the past 30 completed computer assessments in 3 cohorts, with the order of administration of the measures counterbalanced. Values from the 2 measures were highly correlated. Comparisons of timeline follow-back (TLFB) with the global questions for the total sample of nondaily smokers yielded statistically significant differences (p < .001), albeit small, between measures with the TLFB resulting on average in 2.38 more total cigarettes smok...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Harris, Kari Jo; Golbeck, Amanda L.; Cronk, Nikole J.; Conway, Kathrene; Williams, Karen B.; Catley, Delwyn Source Type: journals

Situational temptation scores and smoking cessation in general care.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The construct of self-efficacy, which is assessed either in confidence- or temptation-related instruments, presumably predicts transitions between the transtheoretical model stages of change and ultimately smoking cessation outcome. To elucidate its predictive potential for smoking cessation in a general care setting, we examined the association of baseline scores of the situational temptations inventory with month 12 smoking status in 577 heavy smokers participating in a cluster-randomized study of physician training and financial incentives for smoking cessation in Germany. At follow-up, abstinence could be validated in ...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Breitling, Lutz Philipp; Twardella, Dorothee; Raum, Elke; Brenner, Hermann Source Type: journals

Changes in tobacco use among adolescent smokers in substance abuse treatment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined whether receiving SUD treatment had a differential impact on cigarette smoking behaviors of mild ( (Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors)
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Shelef, Karni; Diamond, Guy S.; Diamond, Gary M.; Myers, Mark G. Source Type: journals

Positive urgency predicts illegal drug use and risky sexual behavior.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
There are several different personality traits that dispose individuals to engage in rash action. One such trait is positive urgency: the tendency to act rashly when experiencing extremely positive affect. This trait may be relevant for college student risky behavior, because it appears that a great deal of college student risky behavior is undertaken during periods of intensely positive mood states. To test this possibility, the authors conducted a longitudinal study designed to predict increases in risky sexual behavior and illegal drug use over the course of the first year of college (n = 407). In a well-fitting structu...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Zapolski, Tamika C. B.; Cyders, Melissa A.; Smith, Gregory T. Source Type: journals

Family conflict and depression in HIV-negative heterosexuals: The role of methamphetamine use.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined relationships between family conflict, substance use, and depressive symptoms in a sample of 104 heterosexual methamphetamine users in San Diego, California. Eighty-nine percent of the sample reported conflict with a family member in the past year. Conflict was reported most often with parents and siblings. Sources of conflict included drug use, lifestyle issues, interpersonal and communication issues, and concern for other family members. In regression analyses, being female, being a polydrug user, and facing social and legal stressors were associated with higher levels of family conflict. Multiple reg...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Semple, Shirley J.; Strathdee, Steffanie A.; Zians, Jim; Patterson, Thomas L. Source Type: journals

Drinking and desired self-images: Path models of self-image goals, coping motives, heavy-episodic drinking, and alcohol problems.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Coping motives for drinking initiate alcohol-related problems. Interpersonal goals, which powerfully influence affect, could provide a starting point for this relation. Here we tested effects of self-image goals (which aim to construct and defend desired self-views) and compassionate goals (which aim to support others) on heavy-episodic drinking and alcohol-related problems. Undergraduate drinkers (N=258) completed measures of self-image and compassionate goals in academics and friendships, coping and enhancement drinking motives, heavy-episodic drinking, and alcohol-related problems in a cross-sectional design. As predict...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Moeller, Scott J.; Crocker, Jennifer Source Type: journals

Alcohol expectancy priming and drinking behavior: The role of compatibility between prime and expectancy content.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
According to information-processing models of alcohol use, alcohol expectancies constitute representations in long-term memory that may be activated in the presence of drinking-related cues, thereby influencing alcohol consumption. A fundamental implication of this approach is that primed expectancies should affect drinking only for those individuals who possess the specific expectancies primed. To test this notion, in the present study, participants were initially assessed on 3 distinct domains of positive alcohol expectancies. Approximately 1 week later, they completed an ad libitum drinking study during which only a sin...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Friedman, Ronald S.; McCarthy, Denis M.; Pedersen, Sarah L.; Hicks, Joshua A. Source Type: journals

Behavioral inhibition and activation systems: Differences in substance use expectancy organization and activation in memory.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We used multidimensional scaling to model the semantic network of alcohol and marijuana expectancies (N = 897). Preference mapping was used to estimate vectors representing patterns of activation through the network as a function of levels of behavioral inhibition (BIS) and behavioral activation (BAS). Individuals with low BIS combined with high BAS levels exhibited patterns of activation emphasizing behavioral activation similar to heavier drug users in previous research. High BIS, low BAS individuals exhibited activation patterns with greater emphasis on inhibitory expectancies similar to low-level users. Differences in ...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Simons, Jeffrey S.; Dvorak, Robert D.; Lau-Barraco, Cathy Source Type: journals

Substance use after residential treatment among individuals with co-occurring disorders: The role of anxiety/depressive symptoms and trauma exposure.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This longitudinal study examined the contribution of anxiety/depressive symptoms and lifetime and recent trauma exposure to substance use after residential substance abuse treatment among individuals with co-occurring disorders. Data were collected from adults at treatment entry and 6 and 12 months later. At treatment entry, nearly all participants reported lifetime trauma exposure, and over one third met criteria for posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Over the follow-up, nearly one third of the participants were exposed to trauma. Lifetime trauma exposure and a diagnosis of PTSD at treatment entry were not associated w...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Gil-Rivas, Virginia; Prause, JoAnn; Grella, Christine E. Source Type: journals

Gambling, gambling activities, and problem gambling.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This research examined similarities and differences between gambling activities, with a particular focus on differences in gambling frequency and rates of problem gambling. The data were from population-based surveys conducted in Canada between 2001 and 2005. Adult respondents completed various versions of the Canadian Problem Gambling Index (CPGI), including the Problem Gambling Severity Index (PGSI). A factor analysis of the frequency with which different gambling activities were played documented the existence of two clear underlying factors. One factor was comprised of Internet gambling and betting on sports and horse ...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Holtgraves, Thomas Source Type: journals

Winning and positive affect can lead to reckless gambling.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Experiments 1 and 2 examined whether winning versus losing led to reckless betting for real prize money. Experiment 2 also assessed whether positive or negative emotions were linked to such reckless betting. College students were randomly assigned to experience primarily either wins or losses during the rigged first round of a computerized card tournament that had 2 independent rounds. For the second round, participants’ chip totals were reset and cards were dealt randomly. In Experiment 1 (N = 107), participants in the Initial-Winning, as compared with the Initial-Losing, condition bet more recklessly (i.e., bet too man...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Cummins, Lori F.; Nadorff, Michael R.; Kelly, Anita E. Source Type: journals

The effect of body image threat on smoking motivation among college women: Mediation by negative affect.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study intended to replicate and extend these experimental findings by examining the role of negative affect as a mediator of the relationship between body dissatisfaction and smoking urges. Female college smokers (N = 133) were randomly assigned to a body image challenge (trying on a bathing suit) or a control condition (evaluating a purse). State levels of urge to smoke, mood, and body dissatisfaction were assessed both pre- and postmanipulation. Trying on a bathing suit increased body dissatisfaction and reported urges to smoke, particularly those urges related to reducing negative affect. Additionally, state negati...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Lopez Khoury, Elena N.; Litvin, Erika B.; Brandon, Thomas H. Source Type: journals

Validation of scales measuring attitudes, self-efficacy, and intention related to smoking among middle school students.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the factorial, discriminate, and convergent validity of these scales among sixth to eighth graders from a convenience sample of 22 Texas middle schools (51.2% female; 51.21% White, 32.1% Hispanic, 16.9% African American, and 8.8% Other; 67.8% nonsmokers, 21.9% experimental smokers; 3.3% former smokers; and 7.6% current smokers). Confirmatory factor analysis and invariance testing suggest that smoking attitudes, self-efficacy, and intention have evidence of construct validity in this multiethnic sample, and the scales are appropriate to assess these constructs among middle school adolescents. Additional studies ...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Ford, Kentya H.; Diamond, Pamela M.; Kelder, Steven H.; McAlister, Alfred L.; Sterling, Kymberle Landrum Source Type: journals

Facilitating outpatient treatment entry following detoxification for injection drug use: A multisite test of three interventions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A multisite, randomized trial within the National Drug Abuse Treatment Clinical Trials Network (CTN) was conducted to test 3 interventions to enhance treatment initiation following detoxification: (a) a single session, therapeutic alliance intervention (TA) added to usual treatment; (b) a 2-session, counseling and education, HIV/HCV risk reduction intervention (C&E), added to usual treatment; and (c) treatment as usual (TAU) only. Injection drug users (n = 632) enrolled in residential detoxification at 8 community treatment programs were randomized to 1 of the 3 study conditions. TA participants reported entering outpatien...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Campbell, Barbara K.; Fuller, Bret E.; Lee, Eun Sul; Woelfel, Tiffany; Robinson, James; McCarty, Dennis; Booth, Robert E.; Jenkins, Lindsay; Tillotson, Carrie Source Type: journals

Alcohol outcome expectancies as socially shared and socialized beliefs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alcohol expectancies are important predictors of alcohol involvement in both adolescents and adults, yet little research has examined the social origins and transmission of these beliefs. This paper examined alcohol outcome expectancies collected in a cohort-sequential longitudinal study of 452 families with children followed over seven waves. Children completed interviews every 6 months, and parents completed interviews annually. Eighteen of 27 alcohol expectancies were highly consensual, being endorsed by significantly more than 67% of the mothers and fathers. These consensual expectancies were also highly stable over a ...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Donovan, John E.; Molina, Brooke S. G.; Kelly, Thomas M. Source Type: journals

Acute alcohol tolerance on subjective intoxication and simulated driving performance in binge drinkers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
High rates of binge drinking and alcohol-related problems, including drinking and driving, occur among college students. Underlying reasons for the heightened impaired driving rates in this demographic group are not known. The authors hypothesized that acute tolerance to the interoceptive cues of intoxication may contribute to these maladaptive decisions to drive in binge drinkers. Groups of binge-drinking and non-binge-drinking college students (N = 28) attended sessions during which they received a moderate dose of alcohol (0.65 g/kg) or a placebo. The development of acute tolerance to subjective ratings of intoxication ...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Marczinski, Cecile A.; Fillmore, Mark T. Source Type: journals

Coping-anxiety and coping-depression motives predict different daily mood-drinking relationships.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Individuals with different drinking motives show distinctive patterns of alcohol use and problems. Drinking to cope, or endorsing strong coping motives for alcohol use, has been shown to be particularly hazardous. It is important to determine the unique triggers associated with coping drinking. One limitation of past research has been the failure to contend with the complexities inherent in coping motives. Using the Modified Drinking Motives Questionnaire–Revised (Grant, Stewart, O’Connor, Blackwell, & Conrod, 2007), which separates coping-anxiety and coping-depression motives, we investigated whether these motives mod...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Grant, Valerie V.; Stewart, Sherry H.; Mohr, Cynthia D. Source Type: journals

Body mass index and alcohol consumption: Family history of alcoholism as a moderator.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recent research suggests that excess food consumption may be conceptualized as an addictive behavior. Much of the evidence comes from neurobiological similarities between drug and food consumption. In addition, an inverse relation between alcohol consumption and body mass index (BMI) has been observed. Previous research has hypothesized that this inverse relation is attributable to competition between food and alcohol for similar neurotransmitter receptors. The current study explored this neurobiological hypothesis further by examining the influence of an indicator of biological risk associated with alcohol problems (famil...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Gearhardt, Ashley N.; Corbin, William R. Source Type: journals

Interpersonal problems and negative mood as predictors of within-day time to drinking.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Using data collected via handheld electronic diaries (EDs), we examined within-day associations between early-day negative moods and stress and subsequent time to drinking. A sample of 97 (n = 48 women) adults recruited to participate in a drinking-reduction intervention study used EDs to record mood and interpersonal problems at randomly selected times during each of 3 reporting intervals and drinking as it occurred each day for 21 days. Using multilevel hazard models, we tested associations between early-day stress/negative mood ratings and time to drinking as well as potential moderating effects of drinking to cope (DTC...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Todd, Michael; Armeli, Stephen; Tennen, Howard Source Type: journals

Gender differences in acute alcohol effects on self-regulation of arousal in response to emotional and alcohol-related picture cues.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined gender differences in the effects of acute alcohol intoxication on psychophysiological and self-reported arousal in response to emotionally negative, positive, and neutral, and alcohol-related, picture cues. Thirty-six social drinkers (16 women) were randomly assigned to an alcohol, placebo, or control beverage group and exposed to picture cues every 10 s (0.1 Hz presentation frequency). Psychophysiological arousal was assessed via a 0.1-Hz heart rate variability (HRV) index. A statistically significant beverage group-by-gender interaction effect on psychophysiological, but not self-reported, arousal wa...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Udo, Tomoko; Bates, Marsha E.; Mun, Eun Young; Vaschillo, Bronya; Ray, Suchismita; Lehrer, Paul; Vaschillo, Evgeny G. Source Type: journals

Readiness to change as a mediator of the effect of a brief motivational intervention on posttreatment alcohol-related consequences of injured emergency department hazardous drinkers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined readiness to change drinking as a mediator of the effects of BMI on alcohol-related consequences. Participants were randomized into three conditions: (a) standard care plus assessment (SC), (b) SC plus BMI (BI), and (c) BI plus a booster session (BIB). At 12-month follow-up BIB patients had significantly reduced alcohol consequences more than had SC patients. Patients receiving BI or BIB maintained higher readiness scores 3 months after treatment than did patients receiving SC. However, readiness mediated treatment effects only for those highly motivated to change prior to the intervention but not for those wit...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - July 9, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Stein, L. A. R.; Minugh, P. Allison; Longabaugh, Richard; Baird, Janette; Woolard, Robert F.; Lee, Christina; Becker, Bruce; Gogineni, Aruna; Mello, Michael; Carty, Kathy; Nirenberg, Ted D.; Wirtz, Philip Source Type: journals

Disclosure of sexual orientation and subsequent substance use and abuse among lesbian, gay, and bisexual youths: Critical role of disclosure reactions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Research on whether disclosure of sexual orientation promotes lower substance use among lesbian, gay, and bisexual (LGB) individuals has been inconsistent. One reason for this may be that disclosure results in accepting and rejecting reactions. The current report longitudinally examines whether the types of reactions to disclosure are associated with substance use and abuse among 156 LGB youths (ages 14–21). Neither the number of disclosures nor the numbers of accepting or neutral disclosure reactions were associated with substance use or abuse. However, the number of rejecting reactions to disclosure was associated with...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Rosario, Margaret; Schrimshaw, Eric W.; Hunter, Joyce Source Type: journals

Comparable efficacy of contingency management for cocaine dependence among African American, Hispanic, and White methadone maintenance clients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines whether the efficacy of CM treatment for cocaine-dependent individuals receiving methadone maintenance for opioid dependence differs by ethnicity. Participants were 191 African American, Hispanic, and White cocaine-dependent methadone maintenance clients, randomly assigned to standard methadone treatment or standard methadone treatment plus CM for 12 weeks. Hispanic participants were younger, less educated, and reported fewer years of cocaine use than did African American and White participants and reported fewer years of heroin use than did African American participants. African American participants w...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Barry, Danielle; Sullivan, Brendan; Petry, Nancy M. Source Type: journals

Brief alcohol intervention with college student drinkers: Face-to-face versus computerized feedback.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Research has demonstrated that brief interventions featuring personalized feedback can be used to decrease alcohol use among heavy-drinking college students. The current study investigated the efficacy of face-to-face and computer delivered interventions relative to an assessment-only control condition. The content of the personalized feedback was identical across the face-to-face and computerized conditions. There were 84 at-risk students assessed before, and 4 weeks after, the delivery of the interventions. The results suggest that both face-to-face and computerized interventions were equally successful in reducing the q...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Butler, Leon H.; Correia, Christopher J. Source Type: journals

What men want: The role of reflective opposite-sex normative preferences in alcohol use among college women.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Misperceptions of peer drinking norms have been found to be strongly associated with individual drinking behavior, especially for proximal reference groups such as same-sex friends. Less studied are the effects of perceived preferences from the opposite sex on alcohol use; that is, the behaviors an individual believes the opposite sex prefers from them. Research suggests that these perceived “reflective” normative preferences may be particularly salient among college women, who may drink in pursuit of intimate relationships and positive attention from male peers. Heterosexual undergraduate students from two universitie...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: LaBrie, Joseph W.; Cail, Jessica; Hummer, Justin F.; Lac, Andrew; Neighbors, Clayton Source Type: journals

Measured alcohol content in college party mixed drinks.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The main objective of this study was to measure the alcohol content in college party drinks. Samples of mixed drinks were collected from on-campus parties (N = 23) over a 12-week period at a university in the Northeast. Samples were analyzed by using a method that measures oxygen utilization during ethanol oxidation. Standard drink equivalents were calculated and blood alcohol concentrations (BACs) for men and women were estimated. The percent alcohol in sampled drinks ranged from 3.7% to 22.8%. Characteristics of the sampled parties were not related to drink concentration. A party drink at the median concentration and dri...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Barnett, Nancy P.; Wei, Jill; Czachowski, Cristine Source Type: journals

Influence of motivational interviewing on explicit and implicit alcohol-related cognition and alcohol use in at-risk adolescents.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the influence of a single-session motivational interview (MI) on implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognition and whether this intervention was successful in consequently decreasing alcohol use in at-risk adolescents. Implicit and explicit alcohol-related cognitions were assessed at pretest and one month posttest in 125 Dutch at-risk adolescents ranging in age from 15 to 23 (51 males) with adapted versions of the Implicit Association Test (IAT) and an expectancy questionnaire. Motivation to change, alcohol use and alcohol-related problems were measured with self-report questionnaires, at pretest,...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Thush, Carolien; Wiers, Reinout W.; Moerbeek, Mirjam; Ames, Susan L.; Grenard, Jerry L.; Sussman, Steve; Stacy, Alan W. Source Type: journals

Personality factors and styles among college students who binge eat and drink.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Elevated rates of comorbidity between binge eating and alcohol use problems have been widely documented. Prior studies have examined specific personality traits associated with the co-occurrence of these problems. The current study explores comprehensive personality factors that are associated with the co-occurrence of binge eating and binge drinking among a diverse sample of 208 college undergraduates. Using the Five Factor Model of personality, the authors assessed both comprehensive personality factors and style of impulse control, a personality style defined by different combinations of neuroticism and conscientiousnes...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Rush, Christina C.; Becker, Sara J.; Curry, John F. Source Type: journals

Eating behavior in response to food-cue exposure: Examining the cue-reactivity and counteractive-control models.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Many studies have demonstrated that those high in weight-related concerns eat more after food-cue exposure, which is consistent with predictions of the cue-reactivity model. However, the counteractive-control model predicts that exposure to fattening foods activates dieting-related goals and behavior in weight-concerned individuals. Although these models seem incongruous, the authors hypothesized that the salience of the cue could represent a critical factor in determining which model is activated. The authors predicted that attending to salient food cues would result in increased intake (cue reactivity) in individuals wit...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Coelho, Jennifer S.; Jansen, Anita; Roefs, Anne; Nederkoorn, Chantal Source Type: journals

Strength of commitment language in motivational interviewing and gambling outcomes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study has important implications for clinical monitoring of client treatment success and for improving the MI. (PsycINFO Database Record (c) 2009 APA, all rights reserved) (Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors)
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Hodgins, David C.; Ching, Laurie E.; McEwen, Jamie Source Type: journals

Correlates of gambling among youth in an inner-city emergency department.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Correlates of past year gambling were examined in a diverse sample of 1128 youth ages 14 to 18 (54.1% female, 58.0% African American) presenting to an inner-city emergency department (ED). Overall, 22.5% of the sample reported past-year gambling. Male youth were more likely to gamble than female youth, and African American youth reported higher rates of past-year gambling than non-African American youth. Significant bivariate correlates of gambling included lower academic achievement, being out of school, working more than 20 hours per week, alcohol, cigarette, and marijuana use, alcohol problems, severe dating violence, m...
Source: Psychology of Addictive Behaviors - March 16, 2009 Category: Addiction Authors: Goldstein, Abby L.; Walton, Maureen A.; Cunningham, Rebecca M.; Resko, Stella M.; Duan, Linping Source Type: journals