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Enzymatic and mRNA Transcript Response of Ovine 6-Phosphogluconate Dehydrogenase (6PGD) in Respect to Different Milk YieldEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ovine 6-phosphogluconate dehydrogenase (6PGD) is an enzyme of the pentose phosphate pathway, providing the necessary compounds of NADPH for the synthesis of fatty acids. Much of research has been conducted both on enzymatic level and on molecular level. However, to our knowledge, any correlation between enzymatic activity and 6PGD gene expression pattern related to different physiological stages has not been yet reported. With this report, we tried to highlight if any correlation between enzymatic activity and expression of ovine 6PGD gene exists, in respect to different milk yield. According to the determined enzymatic ac...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - November 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

An Antithrombin-Heparin Complex Increases the Anticoagulant Activity of Fibrin ClotsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clotting blood contains fibrin-bound thrombin, which is a major source of procoagulant activity leading to clot extension and further activation of coagulation. When bound to fibrin, thrombin is protected from inhibition by antithrombin (AT) + heparin but is neutralized when AT and heparin are covalently linked (ATH). Here, we report the surprising observation that, rather than yielding an inert complex, thrombin-ATH formation converts clots into anticoagulant surfaces that effectively catalyze inhibition of thrombin in the surrounding environment. (Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry)
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Liver X Receptor Agonists Inhibit the Phospholipid Regulatory Gene CTP: Phosphoethanolamine Cytidylyltransferase-Pcyt2Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Metabolic pulse-chase experiments demonstrated that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OH), the endogenous activator of the liver X receptor (LXR), significantly reduced the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine via CDP-ethanolamine (Kennedy) pathway at the step catalyzed by CTP: phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase (Pcyt2). In the mouse embryonic fibroblasts C3H10T1/2, the LXR synthetic agonist TO901317 lowered Pcyt2 promoter-luciferase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, 25-OH and TO901317 reduced mouse Pcyt2 mRNA and protein levels by 35–60%. The inhibitory effects of oxysterols and TO9013...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Identification of a New Splice Variant of the Human ABCC6 TransporterEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ABCC6 is a member of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) gene subfamily C that encodes a protein (MRP6) involved in active transport of intracellular compounds to the extracellular environment. Mutations in ABCC6 cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an autosomal recessive disorder of the connective tissue characterized by progressive calcification of elastic structures in the skin, the eyes, and the cardiovascular system. MRP6 is codified by 31 exons and contains 1503 amino acids. In addition to a full-length transcript of ABCC6, we have identified an alternatively spliced variant of ABCC6 from a cDNA of hum...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Two Distantly Spaced Basic Patches in the Flexible Domain of Huntingtin-Interacting Protein 1 (HIP1) Are Essential for the Binding of Clathrin Light ChainEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The interaction between HIP family proteins (HIP1 and HIP12/1R) and clathrin is fundamental to endocytosis. We used circular dichroism (CD) to study the stability of an HIP1 subfragment (aa468-530) that is splayed open. CD thermal melts show HIP1 468-530 is only stable at low temperatures, but this HIP1 fragment contains a structural unit that does not melt out even at 83C∘. We then created HIP1 mutants to probe our hypothesis that a short hydrophobic path in the opened region is the binding site for clathrin light chain. We found that the binding of hub/LCb was sensitive to mutating two distantly separated basic re...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Multiplex Detection and Genotyping of Point Mutations Involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Using a Hairpin Microarray-Based AssayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We previously developed a highly specific method for detecting SNPs with a microarray-based system using stem-loop probes. In this paper we demonstrate that coupling a multiplexing procedure with our microarray method is possible for the simultaneous detection and genotyping of four point mutations, in three different genes, involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. DNA from healthy individuals and patients was amplified, labeled with Cy3 by multiplex PCR; and hybridized to microarrays. Spot signal intensities were 18 to 74 times greater for perfect matches than for mismatched target sequences differing by a single nucleoti...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Dephosphorylation of Centrins by Protein Phosphatase 2C α and βEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study, we identified protein phosphatases dephosphorylating centrins previously phosphorylated by protein kinase CK2. The following phosphatases known to be present in the retina were tested: PP1, PP2A, PP2B, PP2C, PP5, and alkaline phosphatase. PP2C α and β were capable of dephosphorylating P-Thr138-centrin1 most efficiently. PP2Cδ was inactive and the other retinal phosphatases also had much less or no effect. Similar results were observed for centrins 2 and 4. Centrin3 was not a substrate for CK2. The results suggest PP2C α and β to play a significant role in regulating ...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Inhibition of Candida albicans by Fluvastatin Is Dependent on pHEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cholesterol-lowering drug fluvastatin (FS) has an inhibitory effect on the growth of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans that is dependent on the pH of the medium. At the low pH value of the vagina, FS is growth inhibitory at low and at high concentrations, while at intermediate concentrations (1–10 mM), it has no inhibitory effect. Examination of the effect of the common antifungal drug fluconazole in combination with FS demonstrates drug interactions in the low concentration range. Determination of intracellular stress and the activity of the FS target enzyme HMG-CoA reductase confirm our hypothesis th...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

What Differs on the Enzymatic Acetylation Mechanisms for Arylamines and Arylhydrazines Substrates? A Theoretical StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The acetylation mechanisms of several selected typical substrates from experiments, including arylamines and arylhydrazines, are investigated with the density functional theory in this paper. The results indicate that all the transition states are characterized by a four-membered ring structure, and hydralazine (HDZ) is the most potent substrate. The bioactivity for all the compounds is increased in a sequence of PABA≈4-AS<4-MA<5-AS≈INH<HDZ. The conjunction effect and the delocalization of the lone pairs of N atom play a key role in the reaction. All the results are consistent with the ex...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Metabolism of a Glycosaminoglycan during Metamorphosis in the Japanese Conger eel, Conger myriasterEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear polysaccharide of high molecular weight that exists as a component of the extracellular matrix. The larvae (leptocephali) of the Japanese conger eel (Anguilliformes: Conger myriaster) have high levels of hyaluronan (HA) which is thought to help control body water content. We isolated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from Japanese conger eel leptocephali and measured the changes in tissue HA content during metamorphosis. HA content decreased during metamorphosis. In contrast, neutral sugar content increased during metamorphosis. We hypothesize that the leptocephali utilize a metabolic pathway that conve...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 28, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

What Differs on the Enzymatic Acetylation Mechanisms for Arylamines and Arylhydrazines Substrates? A Theoretical StudyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The acetylation mechanisms of several selected typical substrates from experiments, including arylamines and arylhydrazines, are investigated with the density functional theory in this paper. The results indicate that all the transition states are characterized by a four-membered ring structure, and hydralazine (HDZ) is the most potent substrate. The bioactivity for all the compounds is increased in a sequence of PABA≈4-AS<4-MA<5-AS≈INH<HDZ. The conjunction effect and the delocalization of the lone pairs of N atom play a key role in the reaction. All the results are consistent with the ex...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - August 7, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Metabolism of a Glycosaminoglycan during Metamorphosis in the Japanese Conger eel, Conger myriasterEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyaluronan (HA) is a linear polysaccharide of high molecular weight that exists as a component of the extracellular matrix. The larvae (leptocephali) of the Japanese conger eel (Anguilliformes: Conger myriaster) have high levels of hyaluronan (HA) which is thought to help control body water content. We isolated glycosaminoglycans (GAGs) from Japanese conger eel leptocephali and measured the changes in tissue HA content during metamorphosis. HA content decreased during metamorphosis. In contrast, neutral sugar content increased during metamorphosis. We hypothesize that the leptocephali utilize a metabolic pathway that conve...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - August 7, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Inhibition of Candida albicans by Fluvastatin Is Dependent on pHEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cholesterol-lowering drug fluvastatin (FS) has an inhibitory effect on the growth of the pathogenic yeast Candida albicans that is dependent on the pH of the medium. At the low pH value of the vagina, FS is growth inhibitory at low and at high concentrations, while at intermediate concentrations (1–10 mM), it has no inhibitory effect. Examination of the effect of the common antifungal drug fluconazole in combination with FS demonstrates drug interactions in the low concentration range. Determination of intracellular stress and the activity of the FS target enzyme HMG-CoA reductase confirm our hypothesis th...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - August 6, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Dephosphorylation of Centrins by Protein Phosphatase 2C α and βEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study, we identified protein phosphatases dephosphorylating centrins previously phosphorylated by protein kinase CK2. The following phosphatases known to be present in the retina were tested: PP1, PP2A, PP2B, PP2C, PP5, and alkaline phosphatase. PP2C α and β were capable of dephosphorylating P-Thr138-centrin1 most efficiently. PP2Cδ was inactive and the other retinal phosphatases also had much less or no effect. Similar results were observed for centrins 2 and 4. Centrin3 was not a substrate for CK2. The results suggest PP2C α and β to play a significant role in regulating ...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - July 15, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Multiplex Detection and Genotyping of Point Mutations Involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Using a Hairpin Microarray-Based AssayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We previously developed a highly specific method for detecting SNPs with a microarray-based system using stem-loop probes. In this paper we demonstrate that coupling a multiplexing procedure with our microarray method is possible for the simultaneous detection and genotyping of four point mutations, in three different genes, involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. DNA from healthy individuals and patients was amplified, labeled with Cy3 by multiplex PCR; and hybridized to microarrays. Spot signal intensities were 18 to 74 times greater for perfect matches than for mismatched target sequences differing by a single nucleoti...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - July 7, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Dephosphorylation of Centrins by Protein Phosphatase 2C α and βEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the present study, we identified protein phosphatases dephosphorylating centrins previously phosphorylated by protein kinase CK2. The following phosphatases known to be present in the retina were tested: PP1, PP2A, PP2B, PP2C, PP5, and alkaline phosphatase. PP2C α and β were capable of dephosphorylating P-Thr138-centrin1 most efficiently. PP2Cδ was inactive and the other retinal phosphatases also had much less or no effect. Similar results were observed for centrins 2 and 4. Centrin3 was not a substrate for CK2. The results suggest PP2C α and β to play a significant role in regulating ...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - July 7, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Multiplex Detection and Genotyping of Point Mutations Involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease Using a Hairpin Microarray-Based AssayEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We previously developed a highly specific method for detecting SNPs with a microarray-based system using stem-loop probes. In this paper we demonstrate that coupling a multiplexing procedure with our microarray method is possible for the simultaneous detection and genotyping of four point mutations, in three different genes, involved in Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease. DNA from healthy individuals and patients was amplified, labeled with Cy3 by multiplex PCR; and hybridized to microarrays. Spot signal intensities were 18 to 74 times greater for perfect matches than for mismatched target sequences differing by a single nucleoti...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - June 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

An Antithrombin-Heparin Complex Increases the Anticoagulant Activity of Fibrin ClotsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clotting blood contains fibrin-bound thrombin, which is a major source of procoagulant activity leading to clot extension and further activation of coagulation. When bound to fibrin, thrombin is protected from inhibition by antithrombin (AT) + heparin but is neutralized when AT and heparin are covalently linked (ATH). Here, we report the surprising observation that, rather than yielding an inert complex, thrombin-ATH formation converts clots into anticoagulant surfaces that effectively catalyze inhibition of thrombin in the surrounding environment. (Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry)
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - June 10, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Liver X Receptor Agonists Inhibit the Phospholipid Regulatory Gene CTP: Phosphoethanolamine Cytidylyltransferase-Pcyt2Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Metabolic pulse-chase experiments demonstrated that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OH), the endogenous activator of the liver X receptor (LXR), significantly reduced the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine via CDP-ethanolamine (Kennedy) pathway at the step catalyzed by CTP: phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase (Pcyt2). In the mouse embryonic fibroblasts C3H10T1/2, the LXR synthetic agonist TO901317 lowered Pcyt2 promoter-luciferase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, 25-OH and TO901317 reduced mouse Pcyt2 mRNA and protein levels by 35–60%. The inhibitory effects of oxysterols and TO9013...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - June 10, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Identification of a New Splice Variant of the Human ABCC6 TransporterEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ABCC6 is a member of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) gene subfamily C that encodes a protein (MRP6) involved in active transport of intracellular compounds to the extracellular environment. Mutations in ABCC6 cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an autosomal recessive disorder of the connective tissue characterized by progressive calcification of elastic structures in the skin, the eyes, and the cardiovascular system. MRP6 is codified by 31 exons and contains 1503 amino acids. In addition to a full-length transcript of ABCC6, we have identified an alternatively spliced variant of ABCC6 from a cDNA of hum...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - June 10, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Two Distantly Spaced Basic Patches in the Flexible Domain of Huntingtin-Interacting Protein 1 (HIP1) Are Essential for the Binding of Clathrin Light ChainEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The interaction between HIP family proteins (HIP1 and HIP12/1R) and clathrin is fundamental to endocytosis. We used circular dichroism (CD) to study the stability of an HIP1 subfragment (aa468-530) that is splayed open. CD thermal melts show HIP1 468-530 is only stable at low temperatures, but this HIP1 fragment contains a structural unit that does not melt out even at 83C∘. We then created HIP1 mutants to probe our hypothesis that a short hydrophobic path in the opened region is the binding site for clathrin light chain. We found that the binding of hub/LCb was sensitive to mutating two distantly separated basic re...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - June 10, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Identification of a New Splice Variant of the Human ABCC6 TransporterEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ABCC6 is a member of the adenosine triphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) gene subfamily C that encodes a protein (MRP6) involved in active transport of intracellular compounds to the extracellular environment. Mutations in ABCC6 cause pseudoxanthoma elasticum (PXE), an autosomal recessive disorder of the connective tissue characterized by progressive calcification of elastic structures in the skin, the eyes, and the cardiovascular system. MRP6 is codified by 31 exons and contains 1503 amino acids. In addition to a full-length transcript of ABCC6, we have identified an alternatively spliced variant of ABCC6 from a cDNA of hum...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - October 16, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

An Antithrombin-Heparin Complex Increases the Anticoagulant Activity of Fibrin ClotsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clotting blood contains fibrin-bound thrombin, which is a major source of procoagulant activity leading to clot extension and further activation of coagulation. When bound to fibrin, thrombin is protected from inhibition by antithrombin (AT) + heparin but is neutralized when AT and heparin are covalently linked (ATH). Here, we report the surprising observation that, rather than yielding an inert complex, thrombin-ATH formation converts clots into anticoagulant surfaces that effectively catalyze inhibition of thrombin in the surrounding environment. (Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry)
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - July 14, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Liver X Receptor Agonists Inhibit the Phospholipid Regulatory Gene CTP: Phosphoethanolamine Cytidylyltransferase-Pcyt2Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Metabolic pulse-chase experiments demonstrated that 25-hydroxycholesterol (25-OH), the endogenous activator of the liver X receptor (LXR), significantly reduced the biosynthesis of phosphatidylethanolamine via CDP-ethanolamine (Kennedy) pathway at the step catalyzed by CTP: phosphoethanolamine cytidylyltransferase (Pcyt2). In the mouse embryonic fibroblasts C3H10T1/2, the LXR synthetic agonist TO901317 lowered Pcyt2 promoter-luciferase activity in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, 25-OH and TO901317 reduced mouse Pcyt2 mRNA and protein levels by 35–60%. The inhibitory effects of oxysterols and TO9013...
Source: Research Letters in Biochemistry - July 14, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals