Respiratory maze: An anatomical variant of tracheal bronchus
Tracheal bronchus is a rare congenital abnormality of bronchial variation arising from trachea. Special attention should be paid during intubation as it can potentially obstruct the bronchus. Key messageThis case highlights an uncommon anatomical variation in the airway known as Tracheal bronchus, which can sometimes lead to recurrent pneumonia. It is crucial to exercise caution during intubation in patients with this condition. (Source: Respirology Case Reports)
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 25, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dedeepya Gullapalli,
Shivendra Tangutoori,
Subramanya Shyam Ganti Tags: CLINICAL IMAGE Source Type: research
Arthrogryposis multiplex congenita causing hypercapnic respiratory failure and airway obstruction in an adult patient
This case highlights arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) as a rare cause of hypercapnoeic respiratory failure and airway obstruction in adults and emphasizes the usage of leak-port in tracheostomy-NIV (non-invasive-ventilation) specially in resource poor setting when the tracheostomy-NIV mask is unavailable. Key messageThis case highlights arthrogryposis multiplex congenita (AMC) as a rare cause of hypercapnoeic respiratory failure and airway obstruction in adults and emphasizes the usage of leak-port in tracheostomy-NIV (non-invasive-ventilation) specially in resource poor setting when the tracheostomy-NIV mask is un...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 24, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Harshana Bandara,
Sathiaruban Sathiyamoorthy,
Dinusha Withana,
Tharindi Dissanayake,
Harshani Athapaththu,
Wathsala Gunasinghe Tags: CLINICAL IMAGE Source Type: research
A challenging case of drug ‐related acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia: A rare case report
We present a case of AFOP probably induced by anti-prostate cancer medications. AbstractA 65-year-old man presented with intermittent fever and progressive shortness of breath. He responded poorly to antibiotics and corticosteroids (methylprednisolone 40 mg/d). Chest computed tomography scans showed diffuse consolidations and ground glass density patchy opacities in both lungs and these lesions progressed rapidly. The diagnosis of acute fibrinous and organizing pneumonia (AFOP) was confirmed through transbronchial cryobiopsy. This patient had pro state cancer with bone metastasis for 4 months and took the anti-prostat...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 24, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Chenxia Guo,
Wei Wu,
Xiang Zhu,
Qingtao Zhou,
Ying Liang Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Pulmonary artery pseudoaneurysm after thoracic radiation therapy: A case report and review of the literature
We describe a 72-year-old patient, with a past medical history of a lung carcinoma for which she was treated with chemoradiotherapy 6 years prior, who presented with hemoptysis. She was hemodynamically stable and there were no other complaints. CT angiography of the thorax showed a PAP originating from a branch of the right pulmonary artery in the previously irradiated area. The patient was successfully treated by an embolizati on with plugs. Treatment of lung carcinoma with chemoradiotherapy can result in the development of a PAP. Clinicians should be aware of this complication, even years after the therapy. In literat...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 24, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Gerdinique (G. C.) Maessen,
Thijs ( T. W.) Hoffman,
Lidwien ( L.) Graat ‐Verboom,
Marc ( M.) van Leersum,
Hans‐Jurgen ( J. J.) Mager Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Achieving complete metabolic response in stage IV lung adenocarcinoma with chemotherapy, nivolumab, ipilimumab, and salvage SBRT: A case report
A 55-year-old male with stage IV oncogene-negative, PDL1-negative lung adenocarcinoma demonstrated a complete metabolic response to a novel treatment strategy. This regimen combined double immune checkpoint inhibition (ICI) with chemotherapy, followed by stereotactic body radiotherapy (SBRT), after initial partial response to two cycles of carboplatin, pemetrexed, nivolumab, and ipilimumab, plus maintenance with nivolumab and ipilimumab. This case underscores the effectiveness of integrating multiple treatment modalities for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). AbstractOncogene-negative, PDL1-negative metastatic non-small c...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 24, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Salvador Gamez Casado,
Javier David Benitez Fuentes,
Beatriz Álvarez Rodríguez,
Gema García Ledo Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Successful ultrathin bronchoscopy with cryobiopsy for diagnosing and removing mucus plugs in allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis mimicking lung cancer
We present a case of successful ultrathin bronchoscopy with cryobiopsy for diagnosing and removing mucus plugs in a patient with allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis mimicking lung cancer. Key messageIn patients presenting with abnormal pulmonary nodules, especially those with a history of asthma, allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis should be considered. Eosinophil counts and IgE levels should be checked in such patients. (Source: Respirology Case Reports)
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 24, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Yuki Takigawa,
Hiromi Watanabe,
Ken Sato,
Mayu Goda,
Tomoyoshi Inoue,
Miho Fujiwara,
Suzuka Matsuoka,
Kenichiro Kudo,
Akiko Sato,
Keiichi Fujiwara,
Takuo Shibayama Tags: CLINICAL IMAGE Source Type: research
Acute myocardial infarction with e ‐cigarette or vaping‐use associated lung injury in a young Filipino vape user
We present a 22-year-old Filipino male with sudden chest pain. He had no known comorbidities but had a two-year history of daily vape use. Work-up revealed elevated cardiac markers, anteroseptal ST-elevation myocardial infarction, hypokinesia of the anterior wall and interventricular septum, and an ejection fraction of 30%. Chest radiography showed consolidation pneumonia but culture studies and Biofire Pneumonia Panel were negative for microbial detection. Coronary angiography revealed chronic total obstruction of the mid-left anterior descending (LAD) and right coronary arteries (RCA). Percutaneous coronary angioplasty o...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 18, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Margarita Isabel C. Fernandez,
Margaret Francine Co,
Janine Bianca Marie Rafael,
Regiel Christian Mag ‐usara,
Vanessa Ediza,
Rafael Luis Gavino,
Jan Christian Feliciano,
Nigel Jeronimo Santos,
Mark Andrian Yano,
Julian Alexander Huibonhoa,
Ric Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Effective treatment of steroid ‐resistant immune checkpoint inhibitor pneumonitis with mycophenolate mofetil
We report two cases of steroid-resistant CIP treated with MMF. Both patients responded to initial treatment with prednisolone (PSL), but the CIP flared up repeatedly as the steroids were gradually tapered off. Upon receiving MMF in addition to PSL, their subjective symptoms improved, and the shadows gradually disappeared, allowing for a reduction in the steroid dose. Ultimately, no CIP recurrence was observed despite discontinuing PSL and MMF. Both cases were completely resolved by treatment with MMF. This indicates that MMF may be effective in treating steroid-resistant CIP. In the future, the effects and safety of MMF sh...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 16, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Nao Shioiri,
Ryota Kikuchi,
Itsuka Matsumoto,
Kanako Furukawa,
Kenichi Kobayashi,
Shinji Abe Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Recurrence of sarcoidosis accompanied by lung cancer after drug ‐induced pulmonary sarcoidosis with lung injury
We present the case of sarcoidosis recurrence associated with lung cancer after drug-induced pulmonary sarcoidosis with lung injury. To our knowledge, this is the first report of sarcoidosis triggered by drug administration and lung cancer. Histological diagnosis of mediastinal lymphadenopathy with lung cancer is essential for differentiating metastasis from sarcoidosis. AbstractSarcoidosis is a multisystemic granulomatous disease that is frequently localized in the lungs and lymph nodes. We herein report a case of pulmonary sarcoidosis secondary to shin'iseihaito administration. During remission with 5 mg prednisolone/...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 12, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kentaro Suzuki,
Yoshiro Kai,
Ryosuke Kataoka,
Maiko Takeda,
Shigeo Muro Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Efficacy of dupilumab as an alternative to corticosteroids in the treatment of exacerbations of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis
The pathogenesis of ABPA involves not only eosinophils but also plasma cells that produce IgE, which is responsible for type I allergic mechanisms. Dupilumab may be an effective alternative to corticosteroids because it inhibits T cell to plasma cell differentiation by blocking IL4. Key messageThe pathogenesis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis involves not only eosinophils but also plasma cells that produce immunoglobulin E. Dupilumab may be an effective alternative to corticosteroids because it inhibits T cell to plasma cell differentiation by blocking IL4. (Source: Respirology Case Reports)
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 12, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Masamitsu Hamakawa,
Tadashi Ishida Tags: CLINICAL IMAGE Source Type: research
Successful embolization of a clinically significant pulmonary arteriovenous malformation
We present the clinical case of a 59-year-old female patient with dyspnoea and a history of peripheral desaturation, which was detected in the perioperative period 4 years earlier. Although she didn't present any typical symptoms such as platypnea, epistaxis, telangiectasias or hemoptysis, the chest-CT scan was compatible with the diagnosis of pulmonary arteriovenous malformation. An angiography confirmed the diagnosis and a selective embolization of the affe rent artery was performed with resolution of symptoms. AbstractThe authors present the clinical case of a 59-year-old female patient with a history of peripheral d...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 10, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Pedro Fernandes,
Jo ão P. Silva,
Pedro Patrão,
António Reis,
Teresa Belo Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Tuberous sclerosis complex associated lymphangioleiomyomatosis caused by de novo mutation of TSC2 gene in Vietnam: A case report
Herein, we describe an early 20s female admitted to the Hospital with dyspnea, chest pain, hypopigmented macules, and facial fibroadenomas. She has a medical history of renal angiomyolipomas (ALM) and pneumothoraces. Diagnosis with LAM was confirmed through high-resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scan and histopathology of lung biopsy. Whole exome sequencing analysis identified a frameshift mutation c.4504del (p.L1502Cfs*74) in the patient'sTSC2 gene. This variant was de novo due to its absence in the patient's parents. This is the first report on the clinical and genetic etiology of TSC-LAM in Vietnam. AbstractLymphang...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 9, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Dinh Van Luong,
Le Ngoc Huy,
Nguyen Xuan Giang,
Nguyen Huu Hong Thu,
Nguyen Hai Ha,
Nguyen Huy Binh Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Misdiagnosis of lymphoma as vasculitis: A case report
This article describes a patient with NKTCL misdiagnosed as vasculitis who presented with sinusitis, abdominal pain, anorexia, and lung shadows, and also presented with eosinophilia, which was misdiagnosed as eosinophilic granuloma. The article describes the clinical features, diagnostic methods and differential diagnosis of lymphoma and highlights the importance of a multidisciplinary approach in accurate diagnosis and treatment. AbstractNK/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is a highly aggressive malignant tumour with a very poor prognosis, which often poses diagnostic difficulties due to the non-specificity of its clinical present...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 9, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Shushan Wei,
Haobin Hu,
Haoyue Helena Lan,
Na Li,
Qingling Zhang Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: research
Diffuse alveolar haemorrhage due to atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) associated with COVID ‐19
We present a fatal case of delayed presentation of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome (aHUS) in a 78-year-old female post-COVID-19. Delayed presentation of atypical HUS after COVID-19 with diffuse alveolar haemorrhage is uncommon and can be life threatening. Key messageDelayed presentation of atypical HUS after COVID-19 with diffuse alveolar haemorrhage is uncommon and can be life threatening. (Source: Respirology Case Reports)
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 9, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Atif Siddiqui,
Amanda Tchakarov Tags: CLINICAL IMAGE Source Type: research
Ruptured giant thoracic hydatid cyst presenting with respiratory symptoms
We present the case of a 22-year-old college student who presented with progressive dyspnea, chest pain, fever, cough, and hemoptysis. Imaging revealed a giant cystic lesion and “water lily” sign within the left hemithorax. A giant hydatid cyst was removed by posterolateral thoracotomy. Thorough history, physical examination, and appropriate imaging studies, are crucial for accurate diagnosis. Key messagePulmonary hydatid disease remains a global public health issue. Symptoms often result from cyst rupture, causing fever, cough, and hemoptysis. Radiographs may show homogeneous masses, air-fluid levels, or the pathognom...
Source: Respirology Case Reports - April 4, 2024 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Reza Ershadi,
Hesam Amini,
Ghazal Roostaei,
Hossein Kazemizadeh,
Leila Mollamohammadi,
Niloofar Khoshnam Rad Tags: CLINICAL IMAGE Source Type: research
