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Newborn hearing screening on infants at riskEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Our selected hearing screening on infants at risk allowed 60 deaf children access to early management. However, too many children were lost to follow up; which revealed that better information regarding risk of hearing loss must be provided to parents and paramedics and universal newborn screening needs to be performed. The most important result of this study is that in a population of hearing impaired children, with an impairment incidence close to what is commonly reported, the association of several risk factors proves to be a significant additional risk factor for hearing impairment. (Source: International ...
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - November 20, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Christine Ohl, Liliane Dornier, Cécile Czajka, Jean-Claude Chobaut, Laurent Tavernier Tags: Research papers Source Type: journals

CKS topic review: MeaslesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: CKS Area: Evidence > Guidelines This Topic Review from the Clinical Knowledge Service (CKS) covers the management of acute measles and post-exposure prophylaxis for measles. This topic does not cover the prevention of measles with the combined measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. (Source: NeLM - Infections)
Source: NeLM - Infections - November 17, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: organizations

Congenital rubella pneumonitis complicated by Pneumocystis jiroveci infection with positive long term respiratory outcome: A case report and literature reviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the clinical, respiratory and immunologic data of a young boy who developed rubella pneumonitis and concomitant infection with Pneumocystis jiroveci. Despite the complicated clinical course, the child survived. At follow-up he has a normal pulmonary examination, mild hyperinflation only on his chest radiograph, normal immunology and normal respiratory reactance and resistance. Pediatr Pulmonol. © 2009 Wiley-Liss, Inc. (Source: Pediatric Pulmonology)
Source: Pediatric Pulmonology - November 12, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: M.O. Sanchez, A.B. Chang Source Type: journals

Kinetics of antibody persistence following administration of a combination meningococcal serogroup C and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine at 12 to 15 months of age in healthy UK infants primed with two doses of one of three monovalent meningococcal serogroup C vaccines.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The kinetics of antibody persistence following the administration of a combination meningococcal serogroup C and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine (Menitorix) in the second year of life in children primed with two doses of one of three monovalent meningococcal serogroup C (MCC) vaccines was investigated. Study subjects were either administered Menitorix at 12 to 15 months of age followed by the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV7) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine 4 to 6 weeks later or all three vaccines concomitantly at 12 to 15 months of age. Blood samples were collected before and 1,...
Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology - November 11, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Borrow R, Andrews N, Findlow H, Waight P, Southern J, Crowley-Luke A, Stapley L, England A, Findlow J, Miller E Tags: Clin Vaccine Immunol Source Type: journals

Rubella vaccine-induced cellular immunity: evidence of associations with polymorphisms in the Toll-like, vitamin A and D receptors, and innate immune response genesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Toll-like, vitamin A and D receptors and other innate proteins participate in various immune functions. We determined whether innate gene-sequence variations are associated with rubella vaccine-induced cytokine immune responses. We genotyped 714 healthy children (11–19 years of age) after two doses of rubella-containing vaccine for 148 candidate SNP markers. Rubella virus-induced cytokines were measured by ELISA. Twenty-two significant associations (range of P values 0.002–0.048) were found between SNPs in the vitamin A receptor family (RARA, RARB, TOP2B and RARG), vitamin D receptor and do...
Source: Human Genetics - November 9, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Human Genetics Source Type: journals

SRI LANKA: Anxiety Persists Over Safety of Rubella VaccineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
COLOMBO, Nov 4 (IPS) - Sudarma Senevirathana’s teenage daughter is at an age when she can already be given the ‘rubella’ vaccine, administered free of charge by government health officials at schools. (Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health)
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - November 5, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

SRI LANKA: Anxiety Persists Over Safety of Rubella VaccineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
COLOMBO, Nov 4 (IPS) - Sudarma Senevirathana’s teenage daughter is at an age when she can already be given the ‘rubella’ vaccine, administered free of charge by government health officials at schools. (Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health)
Source: IPS Inter Press Service - Health - November 4, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Is Routine TORCH Screening Warranted in Neonates with Lenticulostriate Vasculopathy?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Routinely applied efforts to diagnose congenital infections in cases presenting with LSV have a poor yield. Routine TORCH screening in neonates with LSV cases should only be regarded as mandatory once well-designed studies demonstrate a clear diagnostic benefit. PMID: 19887856 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neonatology)
Source: Neonatology - November 4, 2009 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: de Jong EP, Lopriore E, Vossen AC, Steggerda SJ, Te Pas AB, Kroes AC, Walther FJ Tags: Neonatology Source Type: journals

The effect of HLA homozygosity on rubella vaccine-induced humoral and cell-mediated immune responses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) genes play a critical role in host immunity including vaccine responses. HLA molecules present antigenic peptides to T cells and provide inhibitory signals to NK cells, and polymorphisms within HLA genes allows for binding and presentation of a diverse array of self and foreign peptides. Heterozygosity across HLA alleles has been found to play a positive role in host defense for a variety of infections. Homozygosity within one or more HLA loci may restrict this epitope repertoire and limit T cell responses to infection or vaccination. Here we report that homozygosity within the HLA DPB1 lo...
Source: Human Immunology - November 4, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Kennedy RB, Ovsyannikova IG, Vierkant RA, Jacobson RM, Poland GA Tags: Hum Immunol Source Type: journals

ProQuadEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Approval Letter and Approved Final Draft Labeling for Merck's Efficacy Supplement for Measles, Mumps, Rubella, and Varicella Vaccine, Live, (ProQuad®), to include concomitant administration with hepatitis A vaccine (VAQTA®) and/or pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (Prevnar®), use of ProQuad® in children 15 months to 12 years of age if a second dose of measles, mumps, rubella, and varicella is needed, additional safety data after a first or second dose of ProQuad®, and to comply with the Physician’s Labeling Rule format, have been issued. (Source: What's New at CBER)
Source: What's New at CBER - November 3, 2009 Category: Biomedical Science Source Type: organizations

Transverse myelitis and vaccines: a multi-analysis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transverse myelitis is a rare clinical syndrome in which an immune-mediated process causes neural injury to the spinal cord. The pathogenesis of transverse myelitis is mostly of an autoimmune nature, triggered by various environmental factors, including vaccination. Our aim here was to search for and analyze reported cases of transverse myelitis following vaccination. A systematic review of PubMed, EMBASE and DynaMed for all English-language journals published between 1970 and 2009 was preformed, utilizing the key words transverse myelitis, myelitis, vaccines, post-vaccination, vaccination and autoimmunity. We have dis...
Source: Lupus - November 1, 2009 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Agmon-Levin N, Kivity S, Szyper-Kravitz M, Shoenfeld Y Tags: Lupus Source Type: journals

Common infectious agents prevalence in antiphospholipid syndrome.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, 98 patients with antiphospholipid syndrome were screened for antibodies directed to several infectious agents. The main finding in this study is the significantly higher prevalence of IgM antibodies to toxoplasma and rubella. This novel finding suggests that these infections might be associated with antiphospholipid syndrome. As autoimmune diseases and, in particular, antiphospholipid syndrome are associated with infections, mainly the catastrophic type of the syndrome, this finding implies that a current infection with these agents, i.e. toxoplasma and rubella, might either be related to the pathogenesis of...
Source: Lupus - November 1, 2009 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Zinger H, Sherer Y, Goddard G, Berkun Y, Barzilai O, Agmon-Levin N, Ram M, Blank M, Tincani A, Rozman B, Cervera R, Shoenfeld Y Tags: Lupus Source Type: journals

Infectious antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Infections can act as environmental triggers that induce or promote systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in genetically predisposed individuals. New technologies, developed recently, enable simultaneous assessment of multiple antibodies. Antibodies to specific infectious agents may shed light into the mechanisms of induction of SLE. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of seropositivity and the titers of antibodies to bacterial, viral, and parasitic agents in SLE patients compared with non-autoimmune controls. Sera from 260 individuals (120 SLE patients and 140 controls) were tested by the BioPlex 2200...
Source: Lupus - November 1, 2009 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Berkun Y, Zandman-Goddard G, Barzilai O, Boaz M, Sherer Y, Larida B, Blank M, Anaya JM, Shoenfeld Y Tags: Lupus Source Type: journals

Low immunity to measles and rubella among female guest workers, northern Mariana Islands.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19891896 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases)
Source: Emerging Infectious Diseases - November 1, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Stambos V, Chaine JP, Kelly H, Sablan M, Riddell M Tags: Emerg Infect Dis Source Type: journals

Congenital rubella syndrome: pattern and presentation in a southern Nigerian tertiary hospital.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: CRS is commonly diagnosed at our center. Thus, mounting effective surveillance for CRS and considering the inclusion of rubella vaccine in Nigeria are of extreme importance. PMID: 19911144 [PubMed - in process] (Source: World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP)
Source: World Journal of Pediatrics : WJP - November 1, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: George IO, Frank-Briggs AI, Oruamabo RS Tags: World J Pediatr Source Type: journals

Reporting of MMR evidence in professional publications: 1988-2007Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: While a period of neutrality may reflect a professional response to uncertainty by holding back until consensus emerges, it may also represent a missed opportunity to promote evidence-based practice. (Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - October 22, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hilton, S, Hunt, K, Langan, M, Hamilton, V, Petticrew, M Tags: Dentistry and oral medicine Original articles Source Type: journals

UN-backed vaccination scheme in Tajikistan achieves almost universal successEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nearly every Tajik child between the ages of one and 14 received vaccinations against measles and rubella during a two-week, United Nations-backed campaign this month to fight the spread of the diseases in the mountainous Central Asian country. (Source: UN News Centre - Health, Poverty, Food Security)
Source: UN News Centre - Health, Poverty, Food Security - October 21, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: organizations

Schizophrenia Susceptibility Genes Directly Implicated in the Life Cycles of Pathogens: Cytomegalovirus, Influenza, Herpes simplex, Rubella, and Toxoplasma gondiiEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Many genes implicated in schizophrenia can be related to glutamatergic transmission and neuroplasticity, oligodendrocyte function, and other families clearly related to neurobiology and schizophrenia phenotypes. Others appear rather to be involved in the life cycles of the pathogens implicated in the disease. For example, aspartylglucosaminidase (AGA), PLA2, SIAT8B, GALNT7, or B3GAT1 metabolize chemical ligands to which the influenza virus, herpes simplex, cytomegalovirus (CMV), rubella, or Toxoplasma gondii bind. The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGR/EGFR) is used by the CMV to gain entry to cells, and a CMV gene code...
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - October 16, 2009 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Carter, C.J. Tags: Regular Articles Source Type: journals

Antigenic Diversity, Transmission Mechanisms, and the Evolution of PathogensEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Author Summary Infectious diseases vary widely in how they affect those who get infected and how they are transmitted. As an example, the duration of a single infection can range from days to years, while transmission can occur via the respiratory route, water or sexual contact. Measles and HIV are contrasting examples—both are caused by RNA viruses, but one is a genetically diverse, lethal sexually transmitted infection (STI) while the other is a relatively mild respiratory childhood disease with low antigenic diversity. We investigate why the most transmissible respiratory diseases such as measles and rubella are anti...
Source: PLoS Computational Biology - October 15, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Alexander Lange et al. Source Type: journals

Measles outbreak in Styria, Austria, March-May 2009.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the last week of March 2009, five measles cases among students of an anthroposophic school were reported to the public health authorities in the Austrian province of Styria where only five cases had been reported in the whole of 2008. A descriptive epidemiological investigation of the measles outbreak was performed. Between 2 March and 10 May 2009, 37 cases of measles were identified in Styria: 33 confirmed outbreak cases and four probable outbreak cases. The measles outbreak spread from the general population (12 cases) to an anthroposophic community (25 cases). Cases outside of the anthroposophic community were mo...
Source: Euro Surveill - October 15, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Kasper S, Holzmann H, Aberle S, Wassermann-Neuhold M, Gschiel H, Feenstra O, Allerberger F, Schmid D Tags: Euro Surveill Source Type: journals

Interindividual variations in the efficacy and toxicity of vaccines.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A number of currently available vaccines have shown significant differences in the magnitude of immune responses and toxicity in individuals undergoing vaccination. A number of factors may be involved in the variations in immune responses, which include age, gender, race, amount and quality of the antigen, the dose administered and to some extent the route of administration, and genetics of immune system. Hence, it becomes imperative that researchers have tools such as genomics and proteomics at their disposal to predict which set of population is more likely to be non-responsive or develop toxicity to vaccines. In thi...
Source: Toxicology - October 14, 2009 Category: Toxicology Authors: Thomas C, Moridani M Tags: Toxicology Source Type: journals

Physical interventions and injection techniques for reducing injection pain during routine childhood immunizations: systematic review of randomized controlled trials and quasi-randomized controlled trials.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Pain during immunization can be decreased by: (1) injecting the least painful formulation of a vaccine; (2) having the child sit up (or holding an infant); (3) stroking the skin or applying pressure close to the injection site before and during injection; (4) injecting the least painful vaccine first when 2 vaccines are being administered sequentially during a single office visit; and (5) performing a rapid intramuscular injection without aspiration. PMID: 19781436 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Clinical Therapeutics)
Source: Clinical Therapeutics - October 14, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Taddio A, Ilersich AL, Ipp M, Kikuta A, Shah V, Tags: Clin Ther Source Type: journals

Learn. Act. Give.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
If you’re a loyal reader of the Red Cross blog, you saw our President & CEO Gail McGovern’s post earlier this week, which mentioned our flagship global health partnership – the Measles Initiative. Her timing couldn’t have been any better. After a year’s worth of work, we re-launched the initiative’s Web site today to better showcase the work of the American Red Cross and our partners in developing nations as well as highlight the grassroots advocacy efforts across theUnited States. As we were uploading photos and placing spots on the interactive map from our headquarters in Washington, DC, community healt...
Source: Red Cross Chat - October 14, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Abi Weaver Tags: Volunteers Video International Source Type: organizations

More Than Two Million Children In Tajikistan Vaccinated Against Measles And RubellaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
More than 2.2 million children in Tajikistan have been vaccinated during a national measles and rubella immunization campaign, which ends today. "More than 97 percent of children aged 1 to 14 years around the country have been vaccinated thanks to a joint effort between the Ministry of Health and its international partners," said Nusratullo Salimov, Tajikistan's Minister of Health. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - October 13, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Pediatrics / Children's Health Source Type: news

Rubella virus vaccine live: Relapse of systemic type JIA in a child: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - October 12, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Ongoing rubella outbreak in Bosnia and Herzegovina, March-July 2009--preliminary report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Between 24 March and 31 July 2009, 342 clinically diagnosed cases of rubella were notified in five municipalities in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Fourteen cases were laboratory-confirmed by positive IgG against rubella virus. Four virus isolates were obtained and identified as genotype 2B strains, with one isolate differing by a single mutation in the region of the E1 gene. This ongoing outbreak revealed gaps in the immunisation programme during the war in BiH (1992-1995) and highlights the need to revise legislation to permit immunisation of children above 14 years of age with measles, mumps, rubella (MMR...
Source: Euro Surveill - October 11, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Novo A, Huebschen JM, Muller CP, Tesanovic M, Bojanic J Tags: Euro Surveill Source Type: journals

No Scientific Link Between Childhood Vaccines And Autism, Review ShowsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new article explores vaccination history, vaccine safety monitoring systems in the US, and the two most publicized theoretical vaccine-related exposures associated with autism -- the vaccine preservative thimerosal and the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. A review of published research shows that there is not convincing scientific evidence supporting a relationship between vaccines and autism. (Source: ScienceDaily Headlines)
Source: ScienceDaily Headlines - October 10, 2009 Category: Science Source Type: news

Childhood Vaccines And Autism: No Scientific Link FoundEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A new article recently published in the Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing explored vaccination history, vaccine safety monitoring systems in the U.S., and the two most publicized theoretical vaccine-related exposures associated with autism - the vaccine preservative thimerosal and the measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) vaccine. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - October 10, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Autism Source Type: news

Historical Data Shows Vaccines are Not what Saved UsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(NaturalNews) With all of the hype surrounding the H1N1 swine flu virus lately, everyone is very concerned with the safety and effectiveness of vaccines, and rightly so. This is a very important question that we must all ask ourselves and find out what the truth is. As the debate rages on an even more important question has rarely been asked. Do vaccines even protect you from the viruses and illnesses that they claim to?If you only get your news and information from mainstream news and educational sources, then the question about whether vaccines are effective is never even raised. This lack of discussion give the percepti...
Source: NaturalNews.com - October 9, 2009 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

No scientific link between childhood vaccines and autismEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Wiley-Blackwell) A new article recently published in the Journal for Specialists in Pediatric Nursing explored vaccination history, vaccine safety monitoring systems in the US, and the two most publicized theoretical vaccine-related exposures associated with autism -- the vaccine preservative thimerosal and the measles, mumps and rubella vaccine. A review of published research shows that there is not convincing scientific evidence supporting a relationship between vaccines and autism. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - October 8, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Measles outbreak in Styria, Austria, March-May 2009Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In the last week of March 2009, five measles cases among students of an anthroposophic school were reported to the public health authorities in the Austrian province of Styria where only five cases had been reported in the whole of 2008. A descriptive epidemiological investigation of the measles outbreak was performed. Between 2 March and 10 May 2009, 37 cases of measles were identified in Styria: 33 confirmed outbreak cases and four probable outbreak cases. The measles outbreak spread from the general population (12 cases) to an anthroposophic community (25 cases). Cases outside of the anthroposophic community were mostly...
Source: Eurosurveillance latest news - October 8, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

GSK expands presence in China through strategic cooperationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
GlaxoSmithKline (GSK) and Jiangsu Walvax Biotech Company (Walvax) have announced a cooperation agreement to form a long-term Joint Venture (JV) to develop and manufacture paediatric vaccines for use in China. The JV will produce vaccines for measles, mumps, and rubella (MMR) (Priorix™) and potentially other paediatric vaccines. GSK will also transfer the technology to enable the JV to manufacture the vaccines locally over time. (Source: World Pharma News)
Source: World Pharma News - October 6, 2009 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Ongoing rubella outbreak in Bosnia and Herzegovina, March-July 2009 - preliminary reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Between 24 March and 31 July 2009, 342 clinically diagnosed cases of rubella were notified in five municipalities in Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina. Fourteen cases were laboratory-confirmed by positive IgG against rubella virus. Four virus isolates were obtained and identified as genotype 2B strains, with one isolate differing by a single mutation in the region of the E1 gene. This ongoing outbreak revealed gaps in the immunisation programme during the war in BiH (1992-1995) and highlights the need to revise legislation to permit immunisation of children above 14 years of age with measles, mumps, rubella (MMR) va...
Source: Eurosurveillance latest news - October 1, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

Simian varicella virus in pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina): clinical, pathologic, and virologic features.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Simian varicella virus (SVV; Cercopithecine herpesvirus 9) is a naturally occurring herpesvirus of nonhuman primates. Here we present the clinical, pathologic, and virologic findings from 2 cases of SVV in adult female pigtailed macaques (Macaca nemestrina). The initial case presented with hyperthermia and a diffuse inguinal rash which spread centripetally, progressing to vesiculoulcerative dermatitis of the trunk, face, and extremities. At 96 h after presentation, the animal was anorexic and lethargic and had oral and glossal ulcerations. Euthanasia was elected in light of the macaque's failure to respond to clinical ...
Source: Comparative Medicine - October 1, 2009 Category: Zoology Authors: Hukkanen RR, Gillen M, Grant R, Liggitt HD, Kiem HP, Kelley ST Tags: Comp Med Source Type: journals

When Does the Rash of Roseola Occur?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Discussion Rashes, particularly ones caused by viruses, are common presenting problems. In his first edition of Pediatrics, Dr. Rotch spent 72 pages describing infectious exanthemata. The cause of the exanthemata was unknown at the time, and thankfully many of those that he wrote of have been eradicated (smallpox), have effective vaccines to prevent (measles, rubella, varicella) or effective antibiotics for treatment (streptococcus). Dr. Rotch ends his extensive treatise with a table describing “the chief points of differential diagnosis in the exanthemata.” This is what was state-of-the-art in 1896 with his s...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - September 28, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Donna M. D'Alessandro, M.D. Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: info

Rubella vaccination and transitory false-positive test results for human immunodeficiency virus Type 1 in blood donors.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19788507 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)
Source: Transfusion - September 23, 2009 Category: Hematology Authors: Araujo PR Tags: Transfusion Source Type: journals

Boosting Vaccines: The Power of Adjuvants (preview)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The thought of birth defects caused by rubella, rows of iron lungs housing children crippled by polio, or the horrific sound of a baby struggling with whooping cough can still evoke dread among people who have seen firsthand the damage inflicted by these and other vaccine-preventable diseases. Fortunately, those scourges are virtually unknown to modern generations that have had access to vaccines all their lives.For more than 200 years vaccines have proved to be one of the most successful, lifesaving and economical methods of preventing infectious disease, second only to the sanitization of water. Vaccines have spared mill...
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - September 23, 2009 Category: Science Tags: Biology,Chemistry,Health,Technology,What ' s Next,Science in Service Source Type: journals

NICE costing template on reducing the differences in uptake of immunisations in children and young peopleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Source: NICE Area: News The costing statement accompany the NICE public health guidance on reducing the differences in uptake of immunisations in children and young people notes that the national resources required to implement the recommendations made cannot be quantified. Many public sector organisations already have strategies, policies and procedures in place to support immunisation programmes and should be able to implement the recommendations using existing resources. The government already funds immunisation programmes and the Department of Health has made additional funding available for mea...
Source: NeLM - Immunology and vaccination - September 22, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: organizations

Understanding and Determining the Etiology of Autism.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Worldwide, the rate of autism has been steadily rising. There are several environmental factors in concert with genetic susceptibilities that are contributing to this rise. Impaired methylation and mutations of mecp2 have been associated with autistic spectrum disorders, and related Rett syndrome. Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 enzymes have also been linked to autism, specifically CYP27B1 that is essential for proper vitamin D metabolism. Vitamin D is important for neuronal growth and neurodevelopment, and defects in metabolism or deficiency have been implicated in autistic individuals. Other factors that hav...
Source: Cellular and Molecular Neurobiology - September 22, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Currenti SA Tags: Cell Mol Neurobiol Source Type: journals

What Is Rubella? What Are German Measles? What Causes Rubella Or German Measles?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Rubella, also known as German measles, is an infectious disease caused by the rubella virus. The virus passes from person-to-person via droplets in the air expelled when infected people cough or sneeze - the virus may also be present in the urine, feces and on the skin. The hallmark symptoms of rubella are an elevated body temperature and a pink rash. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - September 18, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses Source Type: news

National, state, and local area vaccination coverage among adolescents aged 13-17 years--United States, 2008.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report summarizes results from the 2008 NIS-Teen and, for the first time, includes estimates for each of the 50 states and selected local areas. Nationally, vaccination coverage for the three most recently recommended adolescent vaccinations and one childhood vaccination increased from 2007 to 2008: MCV4 (from 32.4% to 41.8%), Tdap (from 30.4% to 40.8%), >/=1 dose of HPV4 (from 25.1% to 37.2%), and >/=2 doses of VAR among those without disease history (from 18.8% to 34.1%). However, substantial variability in vaccination coverage was observed in 2008 among state and local areas and by race/ethnicity and poverty ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - September 17, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: journals

Replication of rubella vaccine population genetic studies: Validation of HLA genotype and humoral response associations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides confirmatory evidence for an association between specific class I and II HLA markers and haplotypes with rubella vaccine-induced humoral responses and lends further weight to their influence on rubella immune responses. PMID: 19761839 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Vaccine)
Source: Vaccine - September 13, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Ovsyannikova IG, Jacobson RM, Vierkant RA, O'Byrne MM, Poland GA Tags: Vaccine Source Type: journals

Clinical and epidemiological aspects of parvovirus B19 infections in Ireland, January 1996-June 2008.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Parvovirus B19 infection may be mistakenly reported as measles or rubella if laboratory testing is not performed. As Europe is seeking to eliminate measles, an accurate diagnosis of fever/rash illnesses is needed. The main purpose of this study was to describe the epidemiological pattern of parvovirus B19, a common cause of rash, in Ireland between January 1996 and June 2008, using times series analysis of laboratory diagnostic data from the National Virus Reference Laboratory. Most diagnostic tests for presumptive parvovirus B19 infection were done in children under the age of five years and in women of child-bearing ...
Source: Euro Surveill - September 11, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Nicolay N, Cotter S Tags: Euro Surveill Source Type: journals

Medical and Nursing Students with Suboptimal Protective Immunity against Vaccine‐Preventable Diseases • Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions. We have determined that there is a certain proportion of healthcare students who are susceptible to certain vaccine‐preventable diseases. The development of an appropriate vaccination strategy is required to decrease the risk of transmission in a hospital setting. (Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue)
Source: Infect Control Hosp Epidemiol Latest Issue - September 10, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: article Original Article Source Type: journals

[Current vaccination coverage and immunization gaps of children and adolescents in Germany.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Available data show increasing vaccination coverage of children and adolescents in recent years in Germany. Vaccination coverage of children against diphtheria, tetanus, polio and haemophilus influenzae Type b is high. Vaccination gaps exist for pertussis, hepatitis B and for the second measles, mumps and rubella doses. Coverage is still insufficient to achieve effective herd immunity and measles elimination. Data from the representative German Health Interview and Examination Survey for Children and Adolescents reveal that vaccination of infants is markedly delayed compared to recommendations of the German Standing Co...
Source: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz - September 9, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Reiter S, Poethko-Müller C Tags: Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz Source Type: journals

Primary investigation of 31 infants with suspected congenital rubella syndrome in SudanEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clin Microbiol Infect Between 2005 and 2006, clinical specimens were collected from 31 infants with suspected congenital rubella syndrome (CRS) who presented at six hospitals in Khartoum, Sudan. Eleven (35.5%) were laboratory confirmed as CRS cases by testing for anti-rubella IgM, IgG and viral genome. For the first time in Sudan, the rubella virus genome was directly detected in clinical specimens of six CRS cases and two viruses were isolated in cell culture. Phylogenetic analysis suggested that three genotypes of rubella virus (RV; 1E, 2B and 1G) were co-circulating in Sudan. The study introduced the methodology for CRS...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - September 3, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: A. Omer, E.-H. Abdel Rahim, E.-E. Ali, L. Jin Source Type: journals

Measles mumps and rubella vaccine uptake fails to riseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Uptake of the MMR jab for measles mumps and rubella has failed to rise despite warnings from health experts. (Source: Telegraph Health)
Source: Telegraph Health - September 3, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Years After MMR2, Kids Have Low Rubella Antibody TitersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Over time, vaccine-induced rubella antibody levels decline and seronegativity rates rise, leaving children vulnerable to infection, public health officials report. Reuters Health Information (Source: Medscape Infectious Diseases Headlines)
Source: Medscape Infectious Diseases Headlines - September 3, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: Infectious Diseases Source Type: info

Relationship among epidemiological parameters of six childhood infections in a non-immunized Brazilian community.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Epidemiological parameters, such as age-dependent force of infection and average age at infection (<IMG SRC='../img/13s1.gif' WIDTH=9 HEIGHT=12>) were estimated for rubella, varicella, rotavirus A, respiratory syncytial virus, hepatitis A and parvovirus B19 infections for a non-immunized Brazilian community, using the same sera samples. The for the aforementioned diseases were 8.45 years (yr) [95% CI: (7.23, 9.48) yr], 3.90 yr [95% CI: (3.51, 4.28) yr], 1.03 yr [95% CI: (0.96, 1.09) yr], 1.58 yr [95% CI: (1.39, 1.79) yr], 7.17 yr [95% CI: (6.48, 7.80) yr] and 7.43 yr [95% CI: (5.68, 9.59) yr], respectively. The d...
Source: Memorias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz - September 1, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Amaku M, Azevedo RS, Castro RM, Massad E, Coutinho FA Tags: Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz Source Type: journals