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MR Imaging of the Extensor MechanismEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 384-401DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242191ABSTRACTSports injuries of the knee involving the extensor mechanism are common. Specific conditions additionally affect the extensor mechanism in adolescents during growth and maturation, and in older patients as a result of degeneration. Prior to the advent of magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the specific anatomical-pathological cause of anterior knee pain was often uncertain, with diagnosis limited to clinical examination and conventional radiographic assessment. MR imaging allows for the accurate and specific diagnosis of pathology of the extensor m...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

MR Imaging of Bone Marrow About the KneeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 371-383DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242190ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the imaging modality of choice used to assess bone marrow not only in the knee but throughout the musculoskeletal system. Its ability to characterize marrow makes it an essential imaging tool in the evaluation of patients with suspected marrow pathology. In this article, we describe the MRI appearance of normal bone marrow and its pathology in the knee.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Incidental Tumor and Tumor-Like Lesions Around the KneeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 353-370DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242189ABSTRACTEncountering an incidental tumor or tumor-like lesion during a routine magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the knee is not uncommon. By far, the majority of these lesions are benign and many of them have characteristic appearances on MRI to allow a confident diagnosis. The most common, and some less common, but important incidental lesions will be discussed including bone lesions (bone cysts, subchondral fractures, enchondromas, non-ossifying fibromas, “tug” lesions, osteochondromas, bone infarcts, and prominent red marrow) and soft ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Imaging of the Medial and Lateral Ligaments of the KneeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 340-352DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242188ABSTRACTThe knee is an inherently unstable structure consisting of rounded femoral condyles articulating with a flat tibial plateau. Stability is provided by a complex system of intra-articular and extraarticular ligaments that resist anterior and posterior translation, abnormal tibial rotation, and varus and valgus stress. In this article, the anatomy and biomechanics of the medial and lateral stabilizers, as well as the mechanisms of injury, clinical examination, and radiographic and magnetic resonance imaging appearances of injury of these structures...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

MR Imaging of the Articular Cartilage of the KneeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 326-339DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242187ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance (MR) imaging of the knee is capable of accurately identifying and characterizing cartilage injuries and degeneration. Optimal cartilage imaging requires an understanding of the relationship between cartilage structure and the MR image, acquisition of images with adequate resolution, a purposeful interrogation of the images by a reviewer possessing an understanding of the appearance of tissue pathology as well as common pitfalls and artifacts, and finally, the accurate and consistent reporting of results.[...]© Thieme Medical ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

MR Imaging of Synovial Disorders of the KneeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article will discuss technical considerations pertinent to the MR imaging evaluation of synovial processes in the knee; will review the synovial and bursal anatomy of the knee as well as the imaging characteristics of general synovial abnormalities and their diagnostic implications. In addition, it will review specific synovial processes and their characteristic MR imaging findings.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

MR of the Knee: Important But Less-Often Discussed Structures and PathologyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 301-301DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1242185© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Radiology Tags: PREFACE Source Type: journals

Imaging of Pediatric Musculoskeletal InfectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 277-299DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237693ABSTRACTMusculoskeletal infections in children present a diagnostic challenge because they are difficult to recognize in the early stages of the disease and can be confused with other pathology such as tumors or trauma. The severity of disease may be associated with the primary tissue of involvement with bone greater than joint, greater than muscle, greater than soft tissue. The incidence of musculoskeletal infection is higher in infants and young children, and risk factors include premature birth, umbilical catheterization, urinary tract infection, imm...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Complex Combined Vascular Malformations and Vascular Malformation Syndromes Affecting the Extremities in ChildrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 255-276DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237692ABSTRACTComplex combined vascular malformations affecting extremities are an interesting group of vascular malformations because, in addition to the vascular channel anomalies present, they can be associated with other tissue changes and sometimes altered limb growth. At present, magnetic resonance imaging is the gold standard imaging tool to evaluate such complex conditions in children because of its inherent tissue specificity and vascular capabilities that enables characterization of tissues and the vascular channel anomalies both for diagnosis and m...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Imaging of SHOX-Associated AnomaliesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We present the characteristic imaging features of these disorders and the results of growth hormone treatment trials.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Extremity Vascular Anomalies in Children: Introduction, Classification, and ImagingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 210-235DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237690ABSTRACTVascular anomalies are vascular lesions noted at birth or that arise during the first months of life. The purpose of this article is to illustrate how vascular anomalies involve the extremities of infants and children. Cases illustrate the range of vascular anomalies as defined by the International Society for the Study of Vascular Anomalies. Both clinical and imaging features of extremity vascular anomalies are discussed. A comprehensive classification that uses a simple, universal, and common terminology is presented. Ultrasound and magnetic r...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Imaging of Benign Pediatric Soft Tissue TumorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the clinical features and imaging findings of the most common benign pediatric soft tissue tumors.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Pediatric Musculoskeletal Imaging at 3 TeslaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 181-195DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237688ABSTRACTHigh signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and the ability to acquire high-resolution thin section images are major advantages of 3 Tesla (T) that benefit musculoskeletal (MSK) imaging. Use of 3 T for pediatric MSK imaging is still in its early phase, and actual clinical benefits are not yet clear. However, initial reports in adult and our experience suggest that 3 T is better in imaging cartilage and small joints. It provides good quality images even for small field of views, which is advantageous in children. It shows cartilage, ligaments, and nerves be...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Nuclear Medicine Imaging of the Pediatric Musculoskeletal SystemEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the common indications for bone scintigraphy and F-FDG PET/CT in benign and malignant pediatric musculoskeletal disease.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Pediatric Musculoskeletal ImagingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 157-157DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1237686© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - September 2, 2009 Category: Radiology Tags: PREFACE Source Type: journals

New Perspectives on Bone Marrow Contrast Agents and Molecular ImagingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews new and evolving techniques for bone marrow MR imaging with a special focus on translational and clinical applications. Evaluations of bone marrow perfusion with standard small molecular contrast agents and, more recently, with macromolecular contrast agents are currently being applied for therapy monitoring. Cell-specific contrast agents are expected to improve the sensitivity and specificity of bone marrow MR imaging. Novel cellular and molecular imaging techniques for the depiction of cell metabolism and specific biochemical pathways are discussed. Cell tracking techniques may allow specific diagnos...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Diffusion-Weighted Imaging of Bone MarrowEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 134-144DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220884ABSTRACTIn diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DWI-MRI), the observed MRI signal intensity is attenuated by the self-diffusion of water molecules. DWI can provide information about the microscopic structure and organization of biological tissue and thus can depict various pathological changes of organs or tissues. DWI has been successfully used for the characterization of bone marrow alterations or lesions, and in particular for the differentiation of benign and malignant vertebral compression fractures. In this review article, the basics of ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Whole-Body Imaging of Bone MarrowEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 120-133DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220883ABSTRACTFor bone marrow screening, multimodality algorithms including conventional radiographs, bone scintigraphy, multislice computed tomography CT (MS-CT) scan, and dedicated magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) are widely established in clinical routine. Although radiographs are used as a basic imaging procedure for clarification of suspected focal bone pathologies, low sensitivity has been reported for the detection of limited osteolytic bone marrow destruction. Therefore, skeletal scintigraphy often is used as a more sensitive and integrated method in ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Multiple MyelomaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 111-119DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220882ABSTRACTMultiple myeloma is a typical bone marrow neoplasia of the elderly. On radiographs it is often difficult to detect the typical osteolyses in early stages or in regions where overlying structures hamper image analysis. Osteoporosis may be a sign of tumor infiltration, but it is difficult to distinguish from senile osteoporosis. Thus cross-sectional methods increasingly are replacing the skeletal survey, which has been the standard imaging method for a long time. When comparing whole-body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) with whole-body multidetec...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Diffuse Marrow ChangesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 104-110DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220881ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to date remains the only imaging modality allowing direct visualization of the bone marrow compartment, in general having high sensitivity for bone marrow abnormalities. However, signal intensity changes in many different diseases presented with diffuse bone marrow infiltration show more overlap than difference, resulting in poor specificity. Therefore, MRI cannot be applied for initial diagnostic purposes in most diseases but should be reserved for staging, monitoring of therapy, and detection of disease recurre...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

MR Imaging of Bone Metastases and Choice of Sequence: Spin Echo, In-Phase Gradient Echo, Diffusion, and Contrast MediumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 097-103DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220880ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the only imaging technique allowing the direct visualization of the bone marrow and is the most sensitive to detect bone metastases. Sensitivity is high, but a good understanding and an informed choice of acquisition sequences can easily improve specificity. Fat and water distribution (spin echo), indirect visualization of bone trabeculae (in-phase gradient echo), evaluation of bone edema and cell density (diffusion), and the study of vascularization (contrast medium) should be cleverly combined to enable good...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Normal Variants of the Bone Marrow at MR Imaging of the SpineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article highlights the normal variants and frequent alterations of the vertebral bone marrow as encountered on MR studies of the spine and that can simulate significant lesions.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

New Perspectives in Imaging of the Bone MarrowEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 085-085DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1220878© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 21, 2009 Category: Radiology Tags: PREFACE Source Type: journals

In Vivo 7.0-Tesla Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Wrist and Hand: Technical Aspects and ApplicationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 074-084DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202942ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 7.0 T has the potential for higher signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), improved spectral resolution, and faster imaging compared with 1.5-T and 3.0-T MR systems. This is especially interesting for challenging imaging regions like the wrist and the hand because of the small size of the visualized anatomical structures; the increase in SNR could then be directly converted into higher spatial resolution of the images. Practically, imaging at 7.0 T poses a variety of technical challenges such as static (B) and radiofrequ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Doppler Ultrasonography and Dynamic Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Assessment of Synovitis in the Hand and Wrist of Patients with Rheumatoid ArthritisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 066-073DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202246ABSTRACTRheumatoid arthritis (RA) activity is closely correlated with inflammation. The synovial membrane is the principal site of inflammation in which the inflammatory process enhances capillary perfusion and permeability. Doppler ultrasonography (DUS), using the amount of color pixels in the region of interest, and dynamic magnetic resonance imaging (DE-MRI), using the early enhancement rate and relative enhancement of the synovium, are both able to detect this inflammation in the wrist and hand. Although these techniques are both capable of monitori...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Ultrasonographic Study of Wrist Ligaments: Review and New PerspectivesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 055-065DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202245ABSTRACTImaging strategy for wrist injury usually begins with standard radiographs. When a ligamentous disorder is suspected clinically, the next step is arthrographic computed tomography or arthrographic magnetic resonance imaging. When the diagnosis remains unclear, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred examination.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

MDCT Arthrography or MR Arthrography for Imaging the Wrist Joint?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 039-054DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202244ABSTRACTImaging of the wrist joint has been radically modified over the last decade, particularly since multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) arthrography and magnetic resonance (MR) arthrography have become widely available. These two modalities allow a confident assessment of ligament tears and potential diagnosis of associated abnormalities of cartilage, bone, and soft tissues. The interosseous scapholunate and lunotriquetral ligaments and the triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC) are the most important structures to consider. Precise analysis ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

3-Tesla High-Resolution MR Imaging of the WristEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 029-038DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202243ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) at 3.0 T has become increasingly available for clinical usage. Its clinical impact on diagnostic outcome compared with 1.5 T still remains unclear, however, because no larger case series have been published until now. In addition, the further development of clinical applications is still limited at 3.0 T due to the lack of availability of dedicated coils and the sensitivity of 3.0 T to artifacts. However, especially in the MR imaging of small joints, there seems to be a great potential in improving the diagnostic...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

T2 Relaxometry of Human Median NerveEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article examines the T2 relaxation characteristics of the median nerve. Knowledge of the T2 relaxation time is essential to optimize clinical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) protocols and to enhance the visibility of pathophysiological changes in tissues. The T2 relaxation time of the median nerve is short relative to the T2 of other tissues like white and gray matter, for instance, and it decreases with increasing field strength of the MR scanner. A T2 relaxation time of ~50 milliseconds (ms) and ~20 ms were reported at 1.5 T and 7 T, respectively. Detailed measurements at 3.0 T revealed a biexponential decay charac...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Tractography of the Median NerveEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 018-023DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202241ABSTRACTThe median nerve is one of the most commonly affected peripheral nerves in various pathologies such as entrapment syndromes or transections. The diagnostic procedures applied in these situations are electromyography, physical examination methods, ultrasonography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has been used mostly in imaging the central nervous system (CNS) to visualize white matter tracts. Several studies have shown the clinical applications of DTI in neuronal disorders such as stroke, epilepsy, and CNS tumors. R...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Three-Dimensional Computed Tomography of the Carpal LigamentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study improves knowledge and understanding of the normal anatomy and mechanics of the radiocarpal and intercarpal ligaments and the carpometacarpal joints, and it should help in the assessment of radiographic images and treatment of various injuries and degenerative changes seen in the wrist. The knowledge of the ligaments will further serve as a foundation for understanding the anatomy of the ligaments, the biomechanics of the wrist, and the function of the individual ligaments and their roles in joint motion and stability.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

New Perspectives in Imaging of the Wrist and HandEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2009; 13: 001-001DOI: 10.1055/s-0029-1202239© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - February 25, 2009 Category: Radiology Tags: PREFACE Source Type: journals

3-Tesla Imaging of the Wrist and Hand: Techniques and ApplicationsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 223-237DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083106ABSTRACTMR imaging of the wrist is complicated by its size and small critical ligamentous structures, such as the triangular fibrocartilage complex, intrinsic and extrinsic radiocarpal ligaments. 3-T magnetic resonance (MR) imaging with its nearly linear increase in signal-to-noise ratio allows for imaging the wrist with small fields of view and high spatial resolution, which in turn has potential to improve visualization of these small ligaments. Dedicated radiofrequency coils and appropriate imaging tools are required to optimize the potential of high...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - January 3, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Technical Considerations and Potential Clinical Advantages of Musculoskeletal Imaging at 3.0 TeslaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article addresses many of these concerns, focusing on techniques to optimize high field MR imaging of the musculoskeletal system.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - January 3, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Ligamentous Injuries of the WristEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 359-377DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100642ABSTRACTThe purpose of this review is to summarize ligamentous injury of the wrist. Triangular fibrocartilage complex (TFCC), scapholunate ligament (SLL), and lunotriquetral ligament (LTL) are crucial to wrist stability. Damage to these ligaments causes changes in bone alignment and altered motion pattern. This may cause pain and eventually osteoarthritis. Imaging techniques of the wrist include conventional arthrography, computed tomography (CT) arthrography, conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and MR arthrography. Especially, MRI plays an i...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 19, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Lateral Ankle Instability: MR Imaging of Associated Injuries and Surgical Treatment ProceduresEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses the incidence, etiology, and magnetic resonance (MR) imaging of these pathologies, reviews the surgical treatment procedures for lateral ankle instability, and presents the postoperative MR imaging findings.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 19, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Imaging Structural Abnormalities in the Hip Joint: Instability and Impingement as a Cause of OsteoarthritisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 334-345DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100640ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis is thought to be caused by a combination of intrinsic vulnerabilities of the joint, such as anatomic shape and alignment, and environmental factors, such as body weight, injury, and overuse. It has been postulated that much of osteoarthritis is due to anatomic deformities. Advances in surgical techniques such as the periacetabular osteotomy, safe surgical dislocation of the hip, and hip arthroscopy have provided us with effective and safe tools to correct these anatomical problems. The limiting factor in treatment outcome in many ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 19, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Meniscus ImagingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 318-333DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100639ABSTRACTAs the therapeutic options for the treatment of meniscal lesions evolve, so do the challenges in both preoperative and postoperative imaging of the meniscus. Ideally, an imaging modality should accurately depict the meniscus and any meniscal lesions in such a way that the best treatment option can be chosen. It should also be able to depict the treated area, accurately assess the follow-up of treatment, and differentiate the findings associated with the treatment from recurrent lesions.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of cont...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 19, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

MRI Monitoring of Cartilage Repair in the Knee: A ReviewEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 302-317DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100638ABSTRACTVarious treatment options for deep cartilage defects are presently available. The efficacy of bone marrow stimulation with microfracture, of mosaicplasty and of various autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) techniques has been subject to numerous studies recently. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has gained a major role in the assessment of cartilage repair. The introduction of high-field MRI to clinical routine makes high resolution and three-dimensional imaging readily available. New quantitative MRI techniques that directly visualize the ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 19, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Imaging of Articular Cartilage Injuries of the Lower ExtremityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the mechanisms of articular cartilage injury in the lower extremities and their implications. Specific examples of acute and chronic repetitive injuries in the hip, knee, and ankle are used to demonstrate the characteristics of articular cartilage lesions on magnetic resonance imaging and multidetector computed tomographic arthrography. Loss of meniscal function in the knee and femoroacetabular impingement in the hip represent sources of repetitive cartilage injury that predispose the joint to osteoarthritis. Acute cartilage injury is exemplified by osteochondral lesions of the talus, which may result ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 19, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Imaging in the Recognition and Treatment of Lesions Predisposing to OsteoarthritisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 281-281DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1100636© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - November 19, 2008 Category: Radiology Tags: PREFACE Source Type: journals

Novel Contrast Mechanisms at 3 Tesla and 7 TeslaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 266-280DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083109ABSTRACTOsteoarthritis (OA) is the most common musculoskeletal degenerative disease, affecting millions of people. Although OA has been considered primarily a cartilage disorder associated with focal cartilage degeneration, it is accompanied by well-known changes in subchondral and trabecular bone, including sclerosis and osteophyte formation. The exact cause of OA initiation and progression remains under debate, but OA typically first affects weightbearing joints such as the knee. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has been recognized as a potential tool...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - October 11, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Novel Contrast Mechanisms at High Field 1Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the technical principles of novel contrast mechanisms for musculoskeletal imaging. Ultrashort echo-time imaging allows the visualization of fast T2 relaxing tissue components that are not directly detectable by standard magnetic resonance imaging. This offers several new applications, especially in musculoskeletal imaging, to visualize these tissue components directly. Magnetization transfer techniques, which have been successfully applied to assess demyelinization processes in white brain matter, for example, can be used to detect the integrity of the collagen network of cartilage, and they may help f...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - October 11, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Spine at 3 TeslaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 238-252DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083107ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has developed dramatically in the 25 years since its clinical introduction. Advances in hardware design have included the development of high field magnets and more sophisticated and sensitive coils. Improvements in sequences, data sampling, and postprocessing software have benefited the attainable spatial and temporal resolution to the point at which the fine depiction of anatomical structure and pathological processes is now routine. As in other radiological areas, the most recent advances in MRI have proven hi...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - October 11, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Magnetic Resonance Imaging of the Hip at 3 Tesla: Clinical Value in Femoroacetabular Impingement of the Hip and Current ConceptsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 212-222DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083105ABSTRACTMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the most promising noninvasive modality for hip joint evaluation, but it has limitations in diagnosing cartilage lesion and acetabular labrum changes, especially in early stages. This is significant due to superior outcome results of surgery intervention in hip dysplasia or femoroacetabular impingement in patients not exceeding early degeneration. This emphasizes the need for accurate and reproducible methods in evaluating cartilage structure. In this article, we discuss the impact of the most recent technolog...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - October 11, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Advanced Morphological and Biochemical Magnetic Resonance Imaging of Cartilage Repair Procedures in the Knee Joint at 3 TeslaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 196-211DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083104ABSTRACTMorphological and biochemical magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is due to high field MR systems, advanced coil technology, and sophisticated sequence protocols capable of visualizing articular cartilage in vivo with high resolution in clinical applicable scan time. Several conventional two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) approaches show changes in cartilage structure. Furthermore newer isotropic 3D sequences show great promise in improving cartilage imaging and additionally in diagnosing surrounding pathologies within the knee joint. ...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - October 11, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

High Field MR Imaging of the Musculoskeletal SystemEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 183-183DOI: 10.1055/s-0028-1083102© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - October 11, 2008 Category: Radiology Tags: PREFACE Source Type: journals

Imaging of Entrapment and Compressive NeuropathiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Semin Musculoskelet Radiol 2008; 12: 170-181DOI: 10.1055/s-2008-1078704ABSTRACTAlthough the subject of entrapment and compressive neuropathies is huge, with dedicated textbooks on the subject, this article attempts to provide an up-to-date overview of the role of imaging in the diagnosis of nerve entrapment and compression syndromes. Entrapment and compressive neuropathies are a group of distinct syndromes secondary to physical constriction or irritation affecting peripheral nerves at specific anatomical sites in the body. Most nerve entrapment and compressive syndromes derive from an injury to the neurovascular components...
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 29, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Posterior Impingement Syndromes of the AnkleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article discusses the biomechanics, clinical features, imaging, and management of each of these conditions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides the optimal tool in posterior ankle assessment, and this review focuses on the MRI findings of each of the conditions just listed.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 29, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Anterior Ankle Impingement SyndromesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the various forms of anterior ankle impingement, detailing the unique clinical features, anatomical considerations, pathoetiology, and imaging findings for each.[...]© Thieme Medical PublishersGet connected:Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology)
Source: Seminars in Musculoskeletal Radiology - May 29, 2008 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals