Role of Anti-M üllerian Hormone in the Central Regulation of Fertility
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1786050In recent years, the expanding roles of anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH) in various aspects of reproductive health have attracted significant attention. Initially recognized for its classical role in male sexual differentiation, AMH is produced postnatally by the Sertoli cells in the male testes and by the granulosa cells in the female ovaries. Traditionally, it was believed to primarily influence gonadal development and function. However, research over the last decade has unveiled novel actions of AMH beyond the gonads, specifically all along the hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - April 12, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Cotellessa, Ludovica Giacobini, Paolo Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Preimplantation Genetic Testing for Polygenetic Conditions: A Legal, Ethical, and Scientific Challenge
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782618The recent commercialization of the Embryo Health Score (EHS), determined through preimplantation genetic testing for polygenic conditions, offers the potential to select embryos with lower disease risk, thus potentially enhancing offspring longevity and health. Lately, Orchid Health company increased testing from less than 20 diseases to more than 900+ conditions for birth defects. However, the “geneticization” of phenotype estimates to a health state erases the environmental part, including the in vitro fertilization potential risks, questioning its scientific usefulness. E...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - March 22, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ginod, Perrine Dahan, Michael H. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Deteriorating Semen Quality: The Role of the Environment
Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41: 226-240 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1782151Since the end of the last century, several reports have suggested that semen quality is declining, especially in Western countries. Furthermore, cross-sectional studies using similar protocols have suggested regional differences in semen quality of young and fertile men. Reasons for these regional differences and local adverse trends in semen quality are unknown, but environmental factors are suspected to have a role. Besides adulthood environmental exposures, those occurring during testicular development may also affect semen quality. Longitudinal follow-up stu...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - March 18, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Virtanen, Helena E. Rodprasert, Wiwat Toppari, Jorma Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Andrology: The Male Factor
Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41: 211-212 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779744 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - March 18, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Perheentupa, Antti Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Andrology
Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41: 209-210 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779590 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - March 18, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hoeger, Kathleen M. Piltonen, Terhi Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Small Non-Coding RNAs in Male Reproduction
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779726Male reproductive functions are strictly regulated in order to maintain sperm production and fertility. All processes are controlled by precise regulation of gene expression, which creates specific gene expression programs for different developmental stages and cell types, and forms the functional basis for the reproductive system. Small non-coding RNAs (sncRNAs) are involved in gene regulation by targeting mRNAs for translational repression and degradation through complementary base pairing to recognize their targets. This review article summarizes the current knowledge on the f...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - February 12, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Olotu, Opeyemi Ahmedani, Ammar Kotaja, Noora Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
The Upper Reproductive System Microbiome: Evidence beyond the Uterus
In conclusion, this review underscores the potential role of this microbiome in women's physiology, both in health and disease. [...] Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Abstract | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - February 6, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Canha-Gouveia, Analuce Di Nisio, Valentina Salumets, Andres Damdimopoulou, Pauliina Coy, Pilar Altm äe, Signe Sola-Leyva, Alberto Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Exploring the Microbiome in Human Reproductive Tract: High-Throughput Methods for the Taxonomic Characterization of Microorganisms
Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41: 125-143 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779025Microorganisms are important due to their widespread presence and multifaceted roles across various domains of life, ecology, and industries. In humans, they underlie the proper functioning of multiple systems crucial to well-being, including immunological and metabolic functions. Emerging research addressing the presence and roles of microorganisms within human reproduction is increasingly relevant. Studies implementing new methodologies (e.g., to investigate vaginal, uterine, and semen microenvironments) can now provide relevant insights into fertility, reprod...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - February 6, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Salas-Espejo, Eduardo Terr ón-Camero, Laura C. Ruiz, Jos é L. Molina, Nerea M. Andr és-León, Eduardo Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Microbiome in Reproduction: Analysis Methods, Novel Techniques, and State-of-the-Art in Female Reproductive Health
Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41: 121-124 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778655 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - February 6, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Altm äe, Signe Tags: Editorial Source Type: research
Microbiome in Reproduction
Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41: 119-120 DOI: 10.1055/s-0044-1779026 Thieme Medical Publishers, Inc. 333 Seventh Avenue, 18th Floor, New York, NY 10001, USAArticle in Thieme eJournals: Table of contents | Full text (Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine)
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - February 6, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Hoeger, Kathleen Piltonen, Terhi Tags: Preface Source Type: research
Microenvironment of the Lower Reproductive Tract: Focus on the Cervical Mucus Plug
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778661The female lower reproductive tract microbiota is a complex ecosystem comprising various microorganisms that play a pivotal role in maintaining women's reproductive well-being. During pregnancy, the vaginal microbiota undergoes dynamic changes that are important for a successful gestation. This review summarizes the implications of the cervical mucus plug microenvironment and its profound impact on reproductive health. Further, the symbiotic relationship between the vaginal microbiome and the cervical mucus plug is highlighted, with a special emphasis on how this natural barrier ...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 23, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ruiz-Dur án, Susana Tenorio, Celia M. Vico-Z úñiga, Irene Manzanares, Sebasti án Puertas-Prieto, Alberto Altm äe, Signe Vargas, Eva Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Exploring Immunome and Microbiome Interplay in Reproductive Health: Current Knowledge, Challenges, and Novel Diagnostic Tools
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778017The dynamic interplay between the immunome and microbiome in reproductive health is a complex and rapidly advancing research field, holding tremendously vast possibilities for the development of reproductive medicine. This immunome–microbiome relationship influences the innate and adaptive immune responses, thereby affecting the onset and progression of reproductive disorders. However, the mechanisms governing these interactions remain elusive and require innovative approaches to gather more understanding. This comprehensive review examines the current knowledge on reproductive...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 23, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Lingasamy, Prakash Modhukur, Vijayachitra M ändar, Reet Salumets, Andres Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Advanced Technologies for Studying Microbiome –Female Reproductive Tract Interactions: Organoids, Organoids-on-a-Chip, and Beyond
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1778067The female reproductive tract (FRT) is home to diverse microbial communities that play a pivotal role in reproductive health and disorders such as infertility, endometriosis, and cervical cancer. To understand the complex host–microbiota interactions within the FRT, models that authentically replicate the FRT's environment, including the interplay between the microbiota, mucus layer, immune system, and hormonal cycle, are key. Recent strides in organoid and microfluidic technologies are propelling research in this domain, offering insights into FRT–microbiota interactions and...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 23, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Kaya, Yosun A. de Zoete, Marcel R. Steba, Gaby S. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Microdissection Testicular Sperm Extraction
Semin Reprod Med DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777833Nonobstructive azoospermia (NOA) is among the most common causes of male infertility. For men with NOA seeking fertility treatment, microdissection testicular sperm extraction (microTESE) is the best option for retrieving sperm, which can be used with in vitro fertilization–intracytoplasmic sperm injection to achieve pregnancy in their partner. With the aid of the operating microscope, microTESE allows for thorough evaluation of the testis tissue and selection of seminiferous tubules that appear most capable of sperm production. Rates of success with microTESE vary depending on...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 23, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Brant, Aaron Schlegel, Peter N. Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
Obesity and Male Infertility: True, True, and Unrelated?
Semin Reprod Med 2023; 41: 70-79 DOI: 10.1055/s-0043-1777725While the prevalence of obesity has rapidly increased worldwide, there has also been a notable decline in semen parameters over the last several decades. While obesity can negatively impact reproductive hormones, many studies have sought a link between rising obesity and decreased male fertility potential. Nonetheless, few data support a direct link between the two. The focus on obesity as a causative factor in male infertility can potentially result in patient harm through delayed fertility treatment and missed diagnoses. This review investigates the associations...
Source: Seminars in Reproductive Medicine - January 10, 2024 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: Ceraolo, Carl Rubano, Amanda Gabrielsen, J. Scott Tags: Review Article Source Type: research
