Management of Small Papillary Thyroid Cancers
Thyroid cancer is the most common endocrine malignancy. With increasing imaging utilization, there has been an increase in the recognition of small, indolent cancers that would otherwise go undiagnosed. Historically, the surgical recommendation for all patients with thyroid cancer was a total thyroidectomy. However, over the last 20  years, there have been numerous studies evaluating the de-escalation of interventions for low-risk thyroid cancers, transitioning from total thyroidectomy to thyroid lobectomy or active surveillance when indicated. Here, we review the current literature and recommendations with each of these ...
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 21, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Tyler D. Fields, Hunter J. Underwood, Susan C. Pitt Source Type: research

Surgical Management of Secondary and Tertiary Hyperparathyroidism
Secondary hyperparathyroidism (SHPT) often arises from kidney disease and is characterized by elevated parathyroid hormone (PTH) levels. The reported optimal PTH level to balance the compensatory physiologic response in SHPT with the pathologic morbidity and mortality has changed over time with our evolving understanding. Parathyroidectomy for kidney-related hyperparathyroidism requires consideration of the patient ’s dialysis status, potential for kidney transplantation, and medical history. Extent of parathyroidectomy and intraoperative decision-making requires consideration to maximize cure with the risk of permanent ...
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 21, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Marisa Bartz-Kurycki, Sophie Dream Source Type: research

Continued Progress and Advancements in Endocrine Surgery
The extirpation of the thyroid gland typifies, perhaps better than any other operation, the supreme triumph of the surgeon ’s art.—William Halsted—1920 (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 12, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Andrea Gillis, Jessica Liu McMullin Tags: Preface Source Type: research

Trauma Bay Evaluation and Resuscitative Decision-Making
The reader of this article will now have the ability to reflect on all aspects of high-quality trauma bay care, from resuscitation to diagnosis and leadership to debriefing. Although there is no replacement for experience, both clinically and in a simulation environment, trauma clinicians are encouraged to make use of this article both as a primer at the beginning of a trauma rotation and a reference text to revisit after difficult cases in the trauma bay. Also, periods of reflection seem appropriate in the busy but, of course, rewarding career in trauma care. (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 6, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: William Robert Leeper, Nicholas James Source Type: research

Trauma Across the Continuum
SURGICAL CLINICS OF NORTH AMERICA (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 6, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Marcie Feinman Source Type: research

Copyright
ELSEVIER (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 6, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

Contributors
RONALD F. MARTIN, MD, FACS (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 6, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

Contents
Ronald F. Martin (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 6, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

Forthcoming Issues
Colorectal Surgery (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - March 6, 2024 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

The Role of Resuscitative Endovascular Balloon Occlusion of the Aorta
Resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) has been utilized by trauma surgeons at the bedside for over a decade in both civilian and military settings. Both translational and clinical research suggest it is superior to resuscitative thoracotomy for specific patient populations. Technological advancements in recent years have significantly enhanced the safety profile of REBOA. Resuscitative balloon occlusion of the aorta has also swiftly found implementation in patients in shock from non-traumatic hemorrhage. (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - February 15, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Megan Brenner Source Type: research

Total Neoadjuvant Therapy for Rectal Cancer
The treatment of locally advanced rectal cancer has traditionally included sequenced multimodal therapy including radiation, chemotherapy, and surgery. The relative contribution of each and the order of treatments have evolved over the years. By the early twenty-first century, there was widespread use of the German Rectal Cancer Trial approach: preoperative chemoradiation, followed by standardized surgery including total mesorectal excision, and finally adjuvant chemotherapy. Recent advances have defined the superiority of moving the chemotherapy into the preoperative setting. This approach, termed  total neoadjuvant ther...
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - February 12, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Arthur G. Affleck, Daniel Herzig Source Type: research

Colorectal
The various “Clinics” series occupy a somewhat niche area in the literature, as they are invariably review series that bridge the gap between the large array of primary source articles and the more “chiseled-in-stone”-type material we find in textbooks. Surgical Clinics occupies a unique position within the Clinics series, as we were the first of the series, and we have substantial overlap with the other series. The overlap is hereditary since nearly all the surgical subspecialties derived from general surgery (formerly called “surgery” without qualification) with the notable exception of orth opedic surgery. (...
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - February 12, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Ronald F. Martin Tags: Foreword Source Type: research

Management of the Difficult Stoma
Fecal ostomy creation is a commonly performed procedure with many indications. Better outcomes occur when preoperative patient education and stoma site marking are provided. Despite a seemingly simple operation, ostomy creation is often difficult and complications are common. Certain risk factors, particularly obesity, are strongly associated with stoma-related complications. The ability to optimize the ostomy and stoma in the operating room and to troubleshoot frequently encountered post-operative stoma-related issues are critical skills for surgeons and ostomy nurses alike. (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - January 29, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Clay Merritt, Paola Maldonado Source Type: research

Evaluation and Management of Rectal Prolapse
Rectal prolapse, or procidentia, is a common pathology for the practicing colorectal surgeon. It is associated with lifestyle limiting symptoms for the patient and frequently co-exists with other types of pelvic prolapse making multidisciplinary management key. It is primarily managed with surgical reconstruction. A number of operative approaches exist, and the optimum procedure is varied dependent upon patient characteristics. (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - January 29, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Michael Shane McNevin Source Type: research

Trauma Demographics and Injury Prevention
Traumatic injury is a leading cause of death in the United States. Risk of traumatic injury varies by sex, age, geography, and race/ethnicity. Understanding the nuances of risk for a particular population is essential in designing, implementing, and evaluating injury prevention initiatives. (Source: Surgical Clinics of North America)
Source: Surgical Clinics of North America - January 25, 2024 Category: Surgery Authors: Marinda Scrushy, Nicole Lunardi, Joseph V. Sakran Source Type: research