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(Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

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(Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - October 12, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

DNA methylation, an epigenetic mechanism connecting folate to healthy embryonic development and agingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Experimental studies demonstrated that maternal exposure to certain environmental and dietary factors during early embryonic development can influence the phenotype of offspring as well as the risk of disease development at the later life. DNA methylation, an epigenetic phenomenon, has been suggested as a mechanism by which maternal nutrients affect the phenotype of their offspring in both honeybee and agouti mouse models. Phenotypic changes through DNA methylation can be linked to folate metabolism by the knowledge that folate, a coenzyme of one-carbon metabolism, is directly involved in methyl group transfer fo...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - September 7, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kyong-chol Kim, Simonetta Friso, Sang-Woon Choi Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

Beyond blood lipids: phytosterols, statins and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid therapy for hyperlipidemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the health benefits of phytosterols and omega-3 fatty acids, alone or in combination with statins, for the treatment/management of hyperlipidemia, with particular emphasis on the mechanisms involved. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - September 4, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michelle A. Micallef, Manohar L. Garg Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

Adiponectin and energy homeostasis: consensus and controversyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Adiponectin regulates energy homeostasis through the modulation of glucose and fatty acid metabolism in peripheral tissues. However, its central effect on energy balance remains unclear and controversial. Despite the disparate data, recent advances in our understanding of the signal transduction mechanisms used by adiponectin in the periphery and in the hypothalamus suggest that intracellular cross-talk between adiponectin, leptin and insulin may occur at several levels. The present review will summarize recent reports describing the peripheral and central effects of adiponectin and discuss progress concerning it...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 27, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sami Dridi, Mohammed Taouis Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

Gastrointestinal microflora, food components and colon cancer preventionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Evidence that the intestinal microbiota is intrinsically linked with overall health, including cancer risk, is emerging. Moreover, its composition is not fixed but can be influenced by several dietary components. Dietary modifiers, including the consumption of live bacteria (probiotics) and indigestible or limited digestible food constituents such as oligosaccharides (prebiotics) and polyphenols or both (synbiotics), are recognized modifiers of the numbers and types of microbes and have been reported to reduce colon cancer risk experimentally. Microorganisms also have the ability to generate bioactive compounds f...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 27, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Cindy D. Davis, John A. Milner Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

Dietary fructose and intestinal barrier: potential risk factor in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver diseaseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Worldwide, not only the prevalence of obesity has increased dramatically throughout the last three decades but also the incidences of co-morbid conditions such as diabetes type 2 and liver disease have increased. The ‘hepatic manifestation of the metabolic syndrome’ is called nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and comprises a wide spectrum of stages of liver disease ranging from simple steatosis to liver cirrhosis. NAFLD of different stages is found in ∼30% of adults and ∼20% in the US population. Not just a general overnutrition but also an elevated intake of certain macronutrients such as fat and ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 13, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Astrid Spruss, Ina Bergheim Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

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(Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - August 13, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Soy isoflavones and virus infectionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Isoflavones and their related flavonoid compounds exert antiviral properties in vitro and in vivo against a wide range of viruses. Genistein is, by far, the most studied soy isoflavone in this regard, and it has been shown to inhibit the infectivity of enveloped or nonenveloped viruses, as well as single-stranded or double-stranded RNA or DNA viruses. At concentrations ranging from physiological to supraphysiological (3.7–370 μM), flavonoids, including genistein, have been shown to reduce the infectivity of a variety of viruses affecting humans and animals, including adenovirus, herpes simplex virus, human imm...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - July 14, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Aline Andres, Sharon M. Donovan, Mark S. Kuhlenschmidt Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

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(Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - July 14, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

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(Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - June 25, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Zinc and diabetes — clinical links and molecular mechanismsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews the influence of zinc on the diabetic state including the molecular mechanisms, the role of the zinc transporter 8 and MT for diabetes development and the resulting diagnostic and therapeutic options. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Judith Jansen, Wolfram Karges, Lothar Rink Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

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(Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 16, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Diet and the role of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 on obesityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: 11β-Hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-1 (11β-HSD-1) is a key regulatory enzyme in glucocorticoid metabolism, specifically in regulating intracellular concentrations of cortisol, the primary glucocorticoid. While the excessive level of circulating cortisol in Cushing's disease is of adrenal origin, it is the intracellular and not the systemic level of cortisol that is elevated in obesity. This tissue-specific dysregulation of glucocorticoids observed in obesity results from alterations in 11β-HSD-1 in both liver and mesenteric adipose. While cortisol has been identified as playing a permissive role in obesity, littl...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - May 14, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Edra London, Thomas W. Castonguay Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

Peroxidized cholesterol-induced matrix metalloproteinase-9 activation and its suppression by dietary β-carotene in photoaging of hairless mouse skinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study attempted to elucidate the role of peroxidized cholesterol including cholesterol hydroperoxides (Chol-OOHs), primary products of lipid peroxidation in biomembranes, in MMP-9 activation and the effect of dietary β-carotene in MMP-9 activation. Hairless mice were subjected to periodic UVA irradiation for 8 weeks. The amount of peroxidized cholesterol detected as total hydroxycholesterol in the skin was increased significantly by the exposure. The activity and protein level of MMP-9 were elevated with wrinkling and sagging formation. MMP-9 activity was also enhanced by the intracutaneous injection of Chol-OOHs int...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuko Minami, Kyuichi Kawabata, Yoshiaki Kubo, Seiji Arase, Katsuya Hirasaka, Takeshi Nikawa, Noriko Bando, Yoshichika Kawai, Junji Terao Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Suppression of age-related renal changes in NF-κB and its target gene expression by dietary ferulateEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study may also suggest the potentiality of ferulate as a developable supplement against chronic inflammatory disease as well as aging. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Kyung Jin Jung, Eun Kyung Go, Ji Young Kim, Byung Pal Yu, Hae Young Chung Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Oral administration of grape polyphenol extract ameliorates cerebral ischemia/reperfusion-induced neuronal damage and behavioral deficits in gerbils: comparison of pre- and post-ischemic administrationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effects of short-term oral administration of grape polyphenol extract (GPE) on ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury in a gerbil global ischemia model were determined. Ischemia was induced by occlusion of the common carotid arteries for 5 min. GPE (30 mg/ml)-containing formula or formula without GPE was administered daily via gavage for 4 days prior to and/or for 4 days after I/R. I/R resulted in hyperlocomotion, extensive DND, oxidative and fragmented DNA damage, and an increase in reactive astrocytes and microglial cells in the hippocampal CA1 region. GPE administration for 4 days prior to I/R and for 4 da...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qun Wang, Albert Y. Sun, Agnes Simonyi, Dennis K. Miller, Robert E. Smith, Ronald G. Luchtefeld, Ronald J. Korthuis, Grace Y. Sun Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Mechanisms for suppression of interleukin-6 expression in peritoneal macrophages from docosahexaenoic acid-fed miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Consumption of the trichothecene mycotoxin deoxynivalenol (DON) induces interleukin-6 (IL-6)-dependent IgA nephropathy (IgAN) in mice. This effect can be prevented by feeding long-chain n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) found in fish oil. The purpose of this study was to identify the signal transduction pathways by which DON up-regulates IL-6 in the peritoneal macrophage and how consumption of fish oil enriched with the n-3 PUFA docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) suppresses these processes. Incubation with DON induced IL-6 expression in naïve macrophages maximally at 3 h. Knockdown of the transcription factor cAMP...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yuhui Shi, James J. Pestka Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Characterization of cellular uptake and distribution of coenzyme Q10 and vitamin E in PC12 cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Coenzyme Q (CoQ) is a well-known electron transporter in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Furthermore, ubiquinol (UQH2) — a reduced form of ubiquinone (UQ) — has been shown to act as a radical-scavenging antioxidant. Some studies have reported the beneficial effect of CoQ addition to cultured cells; however, the cellular uptake and distribution of CoQ have not been elucidated. In the present study, we used rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells to investigate and compare the cellular uptake and distribution of CoQ10 and α-tocopherol (αT). UQ10 or UQ10H2 treatment resulted in an increase in the cellular content...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yoshiro Saito, Akiko Fukuhara, Keiko Nishio, Mieko Hayakawa, Yoko Ogawa, Hirokazu Sakamoto, Kenji Fujii, Yasukazu Yoshida, Etsuo Niki Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Tea polyphenols can restrict benzo[a]pyrene-induced lung carcinogenesis by altered expression of p53-associated genes and H-ras, c-myc and cyclin D1Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The modulatory influence of tea polyphenols (epigallocatechin gallate, epicatechin gallate and theaflavin) on benzo[a]pyrene (B[a]P)-induced lung carcinogenesis in mice was analyzed using histopathological and molecular parameters. Progression of lung lesions was restricted at the hyperplastic stage by tea polyphenols. A significant reduction in cellular proliferative index and an increase in apoptotic index were noted in the restricted lung lesions. High expression of H-ras, c-myc, cyclin D1 and p53 genes was seen at the inflammatory stage (9th week) and in subsequent premalignant lesions, but down-regulation of...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sugata Manna, Sudeshna Mukherjee, Anup Roy, Sukta Das, Chinmay Kr. Panda Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Oxysterols and mechanisms of apoptotic signaling: implications in the pathology of degenerative diseasesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Oxysterols, or cholesterol oxidation products, are oxygenated derivatives of cholesterol which are formed endogenously during the biosynthesis of bile acids and steroid hormones. In addition, oxysterols may also be absorbed from the diet as they are found in many commonly consumed foods. Oxysterols have been shown to possess many potent and diverse biological activities, and the study of the effects of these oxidation products on the human body forms a wide field of research. The results of most research efforts support the conclusion that certain oxysterols, predominantly those found in oxidized low-density lipo...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Sinéad Lordan, John J. Mackrill, Nora M. O'Brien Tags: Reviews: Current Topics Source Type: journals

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(Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - April 24, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: journals

Green tea polyphenols down-regulate caveolin-1 expression via ERK1/2 and p38MAPK in endothelial cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the effects of green tea polyphenols (GTPs) on endothelial Cav-1 expression and phosphorylation in vitro. Bovine aortic endothelial cells (BAECs) were treated with 4 μg/ml GTPs for 0, 4, 8, 12, 16 and 24 h, and with 0, 0.04, 0.4, 4 and 40 μg/ml GTPs for 16 h, respectively. Cav-1 protein and mRNA were detected using Western blot and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Cav-1 protein expression was down-regulated after treatment of BAECs with 4 μg/ml GTPs for 12, 16 and 24 h. And decrease in the level of Cav-1 mRNA was observed after GTP treatment for 4 and 8 h. GTPs (0.04–4 μ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 6, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yanrong Li, Chenjiang Ying, Xuezhi Zuo, Haiwei Yi, Weijie Yi, Yi Meng, Katsumi Ikeda, Xiaolei Ye, Yukio Yamori, Xiufa Sun Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Effects of chromium picolinate on glucose uptake in insulin-resistant 3T3-L1 adipocytes involve activation of p38 MAPKEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study provides an experimental evidence of the effects of CrPic on glucose uptake through the activation of p38 MAPK and it is independent of the effect on GLUT4 translocation. The findings also suggest exciting new insights into the role of p38 MAPK in glucose uptake and GLUT4 translocation. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 6, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yi-qun Wang, Ming-hui Yao Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Regio-distribution of stearic acid is not conserved in chylomicrons after ingestion of randomised, stearic acid-rich fat in a single mealEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined the postprandial triglyceridemia following an ingestion of randomized stearic acid-rich fat. Following a 12-h fast, nine healthy young males ate a hamburger meal with 16.7 g of stearic acid (30% in triacylglycerol (TAG) sn-2 position, fully randomized). Postprandial blood samples were collected for 450 min, and the stearic acid content in chylomicron (CM, Svedberg flotation rate >400) TAG and the proportion of stearic acid in the sn-2 position were measured by tandem mass spectrometry at peak (180 min) and late (360 min) triglyceridemia. Of all stearic acid in CM TAG, 23% and 22% were in the sn-2...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - February 6, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Saska S. Tuomasjukka, Matti H, Viitanen, Heikki P. Kallio Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

S-Allylcysteine modulates the expression of E-cadherin and inhibits the malignant progression of human oral cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our results indicated that SAC effectively inhibited the proliferation, up-regulated the expression of E-cadherin molecule and stabilized the E-cadherin/β-catenin adherent junction complex in human oral squamous cancer cells. The mechanism of action was in part through the suppression of MAPK/ERK signaling pathway and down-regulation of the SLUG repressor protein. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - January 21, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Feng-Yao Tang, En-Pei Isabel Chiang, Jing-Gung Chung, Hong-Zin Lee, Chia-Yun Hsu Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Profiling of zinc-altered gene expression in human prostate normal vs. cancer cells: a time course studyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: We have demonstrated that zinc exposure induces apoptosis in human prostate cancer cells (PC-3) and benign hyperplasia cells (BPH), but not in normal prostate cells (HPR-1). However, the mechanisms underlying the effects of zinc on prostate cancer cell growth and zinc homeostasis remain unclear.To explore the zinc effect on gene expression profiles in normal (HPR-1) and malignant prostate cells (PC-3), we conducted a time course study of Zn treatment with microarray analysis. Microarray data were evaluated and profiled using computational approach for the primary and secondary data analyses. Final analyses were f...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - December 15, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shu-fei Lin, Hua Wei, Dennis Maeder, Renty B. Franklin, Pei Feng Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Chromium supplement inhibits skeletal muscle atrophy in hindlimb-suspended miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of oral supplementation with a novel chromium complex, chromium (d-phenylalanine)3 [Cr(d-phe)3] at 45 μg/kg/day for 5 weeks, on skeletal muscle atrophy and glucose intolerance in a hindlimb suspension mouse model. Hindlimb-suspended mice exhibited reduced skeletal muscle fiber size and enhanced whole-body glucose intolerance, both of which were reversed by chromium treatment. The inhibition of skeletal muscle atrophy by chromium was associated with reductions in the ubiquitination ligase atrogin-1/muscle atrophy F-box, which is elevated in hindlimb-suspended mice. Nei...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - December 15, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Feng Dong, Yinan Hua, Peng Zhao, Jun Ren, Min Du, Nair Sreejayan Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

The beneficial effects of nettle supplementation and exercise on brain lesion and memory in ratEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Regular swimming and phytotherapeutic supplementation are assumed to alleviate the severity of neurodegeneration leading to dementia. The effect of swimming training and that of enriched lab chow containing 1% (w/w) dried nettle (Urtica dioica) leaf on the prevention of severity of brain injury caused by N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) lesion in Wistar rats were investigated. Nettle supplementation and regular swimming exercise seem to improve the adverse effect of brain injury caused by NMDA lesion assessed by passive avoidance test and open-field test. Nettle supplementation decreases the level of reactive oxygen s...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - December 15, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Anna Toldy, Mustafa Atalay, Krisztián Stadler, Mária Sasvári, Judit Jakus, Kyung J. Jung, Hae Y. Chung, Csaba Nyakas, Zsolt Radák Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

The role of diet in the metabolism of daidzein by human faecal microbiota sampled from Italian volunteersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The intestinal microbial transformation of daidzein into equol is subject to a wide inter-individual variability. The aim of this study was to investigate in vitro this transformation and to evaluate possible correlations between individual diet and equol production. The transformation of daidzein was investigated in anaerobic batch cultures inoculated with mixed fecal bacteria from 90 volunteers. The daidzein metabolism was monitored by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and a chiral column was used to distinguish equol and dihydrodaidzein enantiomers. The obtained results show that daidzein was unchanged ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - December 15, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Claudio Gardana, Enrica Canzi, Paolo Simonetti Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

The iron regulatory hormone hepcidin reduces ferroportin 1 content and iron release in H9C2 cardiomyocytesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Iron plays a key pathophysiological role in a number of cardiac diseases. Studies on the mechanisms of heart iron homeostasis are therefore crucial for understanding the causes of excessive heart iron. In addition to iron uptake, cellular iron balance in the heart also depends on iron export. We provided evidence for the existence of iron exporter ferroportin 1 (Fpn1) in the heart in a recent study. The presence of hepcidin, a recently discovered iron regulatory hormone, was also confirmed in the heart recently. Based on these findings and the inhibiting role of hepcidin on Fpn1 in other tissues, we speculated th...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 25, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xiao Hu Ge, Qin Wang, Zhong Ming Qian, Li Zhu, Fang Du, Wing Ho Yung, Lei Yang, Ya Ke Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Regression of copper-deficient heart hypertrophy: reduction in the size of hypertrophic cardiomyocytesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study suggests that a direct reduction in the size of some hypertrophic cardiomyocytes and a replication of other hypertrophic cardiomyocytes with reduced size make a significant contribution to the regression of CuD heart hypertrophy, leading to normalization of the size and the number of cardiomyocytes in the heart. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 25, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Zhanxiang Zhou, W. Thomas Johnson, Y. James Kang Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Regulation of osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation from human mesenchymal stem cells by conjugated linoleic acidEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to determine if 9,11 and 10,12 CLA affect osteoblast and adipocyte differentiation from MSCs and to determine whether any effects are associated with changes in Wnt10b and C/EBPα expression. Osteoblast differentiation was assessed by calcium deposition, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and the expression of Wnt10b, runx2 and osteocalcin. Adipocyte differentiation was assessed by oil red O staining and C/EBPα, PPARγ and FABP4 expression. Compared to vehicle, 9,11 CLA decreased calcium deposition (∼15%), increased oil red O staining (∼21-28%) and increased FABP4 (AP2) expression (�...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 19, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Ilana D. Platt, Ahmed El-Sohemy Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

The protective effect of dietary eicosapentaenoic acid against impairment of spatial cognition learning ability in rats infused with amyloid β(1–40)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The present study suggests that EPA, by acting as a precursor for DHA, ameliorates learning deficits associated with Alzheimer's disease and that these effects are modulated by the expression of proteins involved in neuronal plasticity. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Michio Hashimoto, Shahdat Hossain, Yoko Tanabe, Akiko Kawashima, Tsuyoshi Harada, Takashi Yano, Kiyoshi Mizuguchi, Osamu Shido Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Cinnamon extract inhibits the postprandial overproduction of apolipoprotein B48-containing lipoproteins in fructose-fed animalsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined the effects of CE on postprandial apolipoprotein (apo) B-48 increase in fructose-fed rats, and the secretion of apoB48 in freshly isolated intestinal enterocytes of fructose-fed hamsters. In an olive oil loading study, a water-soluble CE (Cinnulin PF, 50 mg/kg body weight, orally) decreased serum triglyceride (TG) levels and the over production of total- and TG-rich lipoprotein-apoB48. In ex vivo 35S labeling study, significant decreases were also observed in apoB48 secretion into the media in enterocytes isolated from fructose-fed hamsters. We also investigated the molecular mechanisms of the ef...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Bolin Qin, Marilyn M. Polansky, Yuzo Sato, Khosrow Adeli, Richard A. Anderson Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

A combination of aspirin and γ-tocopherol is superior to that of aspirin and α-tocopherol in anti-inflammatory action and attenuation of aspirin-induced adverse effectsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined whether combinations of aspirin and α-tocopherol (αT) or aspirin and γ-tocopherol (γT), with αT and γT being the two major forms of vitamin E, are better anti-inflammatory agents than aspirin alone, and whether these combinations alleviate aspirin-associated side effects. In the carrageenan-induced air-pouch inflammation model in the rat, aspirin (150 mg/kg) or a combination of aspirin and γT (33 mg/kg) inhibited proinflammatory prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) by 70% (P (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Qing Jiang, Michelle Moreland, Bruce N. Ames, Xinmin Yin Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Apolipoprotein E determines the hepatic transcriptional profile of dietary maslinic acid in miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The hypothesis that the maslinic acid (MA) of olive oil (OO) dramatically influences hepatic gene expression was tested in mice. Two OOs only differing in the presence of MA were prepared. Using DNA microarrays, we analyzed hepatic gene expression in apolipoprotein E (apoE)-deficient mice with a C57BL/6J genetic background that were fed with isocaloric, isonitrogenous diets containing either 10% (w/w) OO or 10% MA-enriched OO. As an initial screening of potential candidate genes involved in a differential response, this study further considered only genes with remarkably modified expression (signal log2 ratio hig...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Natalia Guillen, Sergio Acín, Joaquín C. Surra, Carmen Arnal, Javier Godino, Andrés García-Granados, Pedro Muniesa, Valentina Ruiz-Gutiérrez, Jesús Osada Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Dietary apigenin attenuates the development of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in NC/Nga miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: One of the flavones, apigenin has various physiological functions including anti-inflammatory activities. Atopic dermatitis (AD) is a chronically relapsing inflammatory disorder that is characterized by pruritic and eczematous skin lesions. To evaluate the anti-allergic effect of apigenin in vivo, we examined the effect of dietary apigenin on picrylchloride (PiCl)-induced AD-like pathology in NC/Nga mice. NC/Nga mice were fed experimental diets containing apigenin from Day 18 after sensitized with PiCl for 4 weeks. Dietary apigenin significantly alleviated the development of skin lesions, accompanied by lower ser...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Satomi Yano, Daisuke Umeda, Shuya Yamashita, Koji Yamada, Hirofumi Tachibana Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Antihypertensive effects of Hsian-tsao and its active compound in spontaneously hypertensive ratsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The present study aimed to investigate the effects of Hsian-tsao (Mesona procumbens Hemsl.) and its active compound on blood pressure, lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant status of spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Male SHRs were orally administrated either a water extract of Hsian-tsao (WEHT) (1.0 g/kg) or caffeic acid (CA) [0.1 g/kg of body weight (BW)] on a daily basis for 6 weeks. The results indicated that both hepatic and plasmatic malondialdehyde concentration were increased and total liver glutathione (GSH) levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were decreased in SHRs when compared to the con...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Chi-Tai Yeh, Wen-Hua Huang, Gow-Chin Yen Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Isomer-specific effects of conjugated linoleic acid on gene expression in RAW 264.7Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was conducted to examine how different CLA isomers regulate gene expression in RAW 264.7. A mouse macrophage cell line, RAW 264.7, was treated with five different CLA isomers (9E,11E-, 9Z,11E-, 9Z,11Z-, 10E,12Z- and 11Z,13E-CLA). Gene expression microarrays were performed, and several significantly regulated genes of interest were verified by a real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Examination of the biological functions of various significantly regulated genes by the five CLA isomers showed distinct properties. Isomers 9E,11E-, 9Z,11Z-, 10E,12Z- and 11Z,13E-CLA decreased production of proinflammatory cytok...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Yunkyoung Lee, Jerry T. Thompson, Angel R. de Lera, John P. Vanden Heuvel Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic protein changes in hearts from copper-deficient rats: up-regulation of PGC-1α transcript and protein as a cause for mitochondrial biogenesis in copper deficiencyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Changes in mitochondrial and sarcoplasmic proteins using proteinomics and Western blotting in hearts from copper-deficient rats were explored in this study. Also, key enzymes that are involved in cardiac energy metabolism via glycolysis and fatty acid oxidation and related transcription factors were determined. Rats were fed one of two diets: a copper-adequate diet containing 6 mg Cu/kg diet or a diet with less than 1 mg Cu/kg diet for 5 weeks. Copper deficiency was confirmed by low liver copper levels, decreased hematocrit levels and cardiac hypertrophy. Proteinomic data revealed that of the more than 50 protein...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Denis M. Medeiros, Yu Jiang, Darcey Klaahsen, Dingbo Lin Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Maternal dexamethasone and GLP-2 have early effects on intestinal sugar transport in their suckling rat offspringEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, maternal GLP-2 and DEX reduced intestinal sugar uptake in their offspring. This may have nutritional implications for the offspring of mothers treated with GLP-2 or steroids. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 7, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Laurie A. Drozdowski, Claudiu Iordache, M. Tom Clandinin, Zoe Todd, Maud Gonnet, Gary Wild, Richard R.E. Uwiera, Alan B.R. Thomson Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Anxiolytic effects of short- and long-term administration of cacao mass on rat elevated T-maze testEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, we suggest that short-term cacao mass consumption showed an anxiolytic effect but chronic consumption did not. (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - November 3, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Takashi Yamada, Yasushi Yamada, Yasuyo Okano, Takehiko Terashima, Hidehiko Yokogoshi Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Carnitine synthesis and uptake into cells are stimulated by fasting in pigs as a model of nonproliferating speciesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was performed to investigate whether such effects occur also in pigs which like humans, as nonproliferating species, have a lower expression of PPARα and are less responsive to treatment with PPARα agonists than rodents. An experiment with 20 pigs was performed, which were either fed a diet ad-libitum or fasted for 24 h. Fasted pigs had higher relative mRNA concentrations of the PPARα target genes carnitine palmitoyltransferase 1 and acyl-CoA oxidase in liver, heart, kidney, and small intestinal mucosa than control pigs, indicative of PPARα activation in these tissues (P (Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry)
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - October 16, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Robert Ringseis, Nicole Wege, Gaiping Wen, Christine Rauer, Frank Hirche, Holger Kluge, Klaus Eder Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Green and black tea extracts inhibit HMG-CoA reductase and activate AMP kinase to decrease cholesterol synthesis in hepatoma cellsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Recent studies have demonstrated that green and black tea consumption can lower serum cholesterol in animals and in man, and suppression of hepatic cholesterol synthesis is suggested to contribute to this effect. To evaluate this hypothesis, we measured cholesterol synthesis in cultured rat hepatoma cells in the presence of green and black tea extracts and selected components. Green and black tea decreased cholesterol synthesis by up to 55% and 78%, respectively, as measured by a 3-h incorporation of radiolabeled acetate. Inhibition was much less evident when radiolabeled mevalonate was used, suggesting that the ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - October 16, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Dev K. Singh, Subhashis Banerjee, Todd D. Porter Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Identification of a novel agonist of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α and γ that may contribute to the anti-diabetic activity of guggulipid in Lepob/Lepob miceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: The ethyl acetate extract of the gum of the guggul tree, Commiphora mukul (guggulipid), is marketed for the treatment of dyslipidaemia and obesity. We have found that it protects Lepob/Lepob mice from diabetes and have investigated possible molecular mechanisms for its metabolic effects, in particular those due to a newly identified component, commipheric acid. Both guggulipid (EC50=0.82 μg/ml) and commipheric acid (EC50=0.26 μg/ml) activated human peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor α (PPARα) in COS-7 cells transiently transfected with the receptor and a reporter gene construct. Similarly, both guggul...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - October 16, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Claire L. Cornick, Barbara H. Strongitharm, Gary Sassano, Christopher Rawlins, Andrew E. Mayes, Alison N. Joseph, Jacqueline O'Dowd, Claire Stocker, Ed Wargent, Michael A. Cawthorne, A. Louise Brown, Jonathan R.S. Arch Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

5-Caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid orally administered suppress P-selectin expression on mouse plateletsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Caffeic acid and 5-caffeoylquinic acid are naturally occurring phenolic acid and its quinic acid ester found in plants. In this article, potential effects of 5-caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid on P-selectin expression were investigated due to its significant involvement in platelet activation. First, the effects of 5-caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid on cyclooxygenase (COX) enzymes were determined due to their profound involvement in regulating P-selectin expression on platelets. At the concentration of 0.05 μM, 5-caffeoylquinic acid and caffeic acid were both able to inhibit COX-I enzyme activity by 60% ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - October 16, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jae B. Park Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Dietary supplementation with selenomethylselenocysteine produces a differential proteomic responseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Organic forms of selenium offer important health benefits including cancer prevention. Selenium intake has been traditionally quantified as glutathioneperoxidase activity or selenium concentration in blood or tissues. However, these indexes do not reflect organic selenium intake. Effect of dietary supplementation of rats with selenomethylselenocysteine on the blood plasma proteome was investigated in order to detect protein abundance differences between experimental (supranutritional selenium supplementation) and control [minimum selenium dose and sodium selenate instead of selenomethylselenocysteine (SeMSeCys)] ...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - October 16, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Andrea V. Mahn, Hector M. Toledo, Manuel Ruz Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals

Dietary supplementation with zinc oxide stimulates ghrelin secretion from the stomach of young pigsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Dietary supplementation with zinc is known to enhance food intake and growth in young children. However, the underlying mechanisms remain largely unknown. Ghrelin, a peptide derived mainly from stomach, plays an important role in food-intake regulation. The present study was conducted with the piglet model to test the hypothesis that zinc may increase gastric ghrelin secretion. In Experiment 1 (Exp. 1) , thirty-six 28-day-old weaned pigs were assigned to two groups (18 pigs/group), receiving four-week supplementation of 0 or 2000 mg/kg Zn (as ZnO) to the basal diet containing 100 mg/kg Zn. In Experiment (Exp. 2),...
Source: The Journal of Nutritional Biochemistry - October 16, 2008 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Jingdong Yin, Xilong Li, Defa Li, Tao Yue, Qian Fang, Jianjun Ni, Xuan Zhou, Guoyao Wu Tags: Research Articles Source Type: journals