Therapeutics and Clinical Risk ManagementThis is an RSS file. You can use it to subscribe to this data in your favourite RSS reader, such as GoogleReader, or to display this data on your own website or blog. Subscribe to this data using MyMedWorm.Subscribe to this data using GoogleReader.Subscribe to this data using Bloglines.Subscribe to this data using MyYahoo.

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Role of darunavir in the management of HIV infectionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
R Monica Lascar, Paul Benn (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - November 10, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Use of videophone technology to address medication adherence issues in persons with HIVEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Michael J Skrajner, Cameron J Camp, Jessica L Haberman, et al. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - November 2, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Lipid nanoparticles with accessible nickel as a vaccine delivery system for single and multiple his-tagged HIV antigensEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Weili Yan, Anekant Jain, Ronan O’Carra, Jerold G Woodward, et al. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - October 9, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Profile of darunavir in the management of treatment-experienced HIV patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Cameron Wolfe, Charles Hicks (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - October 9, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Lipid nanoparticles with accessible nickel as a vaccine delivery system for single and multiple his-tagged HIV antigensEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Weili Yan, Anekant Jain, Ronan O’Carra, Jerold G Woodward, et al. (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - July 17, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Postoperative mortality after inpatient surgery: Incidence and risk factorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our findings can be used to track postoperative mortality rates and to test preventative interventions at our institution and elsewhere.Keywords: postoperative mortality, risk factors, operations, anesthesia, inpatient surgery (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - June 6, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

A systematic approach of tracking and reporting medication errors at a tertiary care university hospital, Karachi, PakistanEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Khurshid Khowaja1, Rozmin Nizar1, Rashida J Merchant2, Jacqueline Dias3, Irma Bustamante-Gavino4, Amina Malik11Division of Nursing Services, 2Nursing Education Services, 3Diploma Programme, Nurudin Jivraj Professorship of Nursing, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan; 4The Ahmed Shivji Professorship of Nursing, The Aga Khan University School of Nursing, Karachi, PakistanIntroduction: Administering medication is one of the high risk areas for any health professional. It is a multidisciplinary process, which begins with the doctor’s prescription, followed by review and provision by a pharmacist, and ends with prepara...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - June 6, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Early ischemic CT changes before thrombolysis: The influence of age and diabetes mellitusEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: ASPECTS is as simple, systematic approach to assessing EIC, and the inter-observer agreement is good. Patient age and diabetes mellitus influence the presence of EIC.Keywords: acute stroke, computed tomography, ischemia, thrombolysis (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - June 6, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Fospropofol disodium injection for the sedation of patients undergoing colonoscopyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article will examine the current literature on the use of FP for the sedation of patients undergoing colonoscopy, highlighting the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, risks, and common adverse events associated with the novel sedative/hypnotic.Keywords: fospropofol, Aquavan, propofol, sedation, colonoscopy (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - June 5, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Treatment strategies in mucous membrane pemphigoidEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ann G Neff, Matthew Turner, Diya F MutasimDepartment of Dermatology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USAAbstract: Mucous membrane pemphigoid (MMP) is an autoimmune blistering disorder that is characterized by subepithelial bullae. Various basement membrane zone components have been identified as targets of autoantibodies in MMP. Considerable variability exists in the clinical presentation of MMP. Mucous membranes that may be involved include the oral cavity, conjunctiva, nasopharynx, larynx, esophagus, genitourinary tract, and anus. A multidisciplinary approach is essential in the management of MMP. Early recogni...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - June 3, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Review of oral oxymorphone in the management of painEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Paul SloanUniversity of Kentucky Medical Center, Department of Anesthesiology, Lexington, KY, USAAbstract: Chronic cancer and nonmalignant pain (CNMP) is a common and major health problem afflicting approximately 40 million persons in the US. Most cancer patients, and many patients with CNMP, require opioid analgesics to obtain adequate pain relief. Oral oxymorphone is a new formulation of an existing parenteral opioid that has become available for the treatment of significant pain: acute postoperative, chronic arthritis, chronic low back, and chronic cancer pain. Oxymorphone is a typical mu-opioid agonist that is effectiv...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 29, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Double-blind, randomized trial comparing efficacy and safety of continuing olanzapine versus switching to quetiapine in overweight or obese patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorderEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the potential risks and benefi ts of switching from olanzapine to quetiapine in mentally stable, obese, or overweight patients with schizophrenia or schizoaffective disorder. Patients receiving olanzapine were randomized to continuing olanzapine treatment (N = 68; 7.5–20 mg/day) or switching to quetiapine (N = 65; 300–800 mg/day). Time to relapse was the primary study objective; secondary objectives included changes in weight, metabolic parameters, and psychiatric symptoms, and discontinuation rates. No significant difference in time to relapse was observed (p = 0.293), but significantly more patien...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 23, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Reappraisal of the use of procarbazine in the treatment of lymphomas and brain tumorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the use of procarbazine in combination with other drugs means that it remains a major anticancer drug in the management of Hodgkin’s lymphoma and gliomas.Keywords: procarbazine, Hodgkin’s lymphoma, non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma, lymphoma, brain tumor, glioma (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Exjade® (deferasirox, ICL670) in the treatment of chronic iron overload associated with blood transfusionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Maria Domenica CappelliniUniversita di Milano, Fondazione Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Mangiagalli, Regina Elena IRCCS, Milan, ItalyAbstract: Although blood transfusions are important for patients with anemia, chronic transfusions inevitably lead to iron overload as humans cannot actively remove excess iron. The cumulative effects of iron overload lead to significant morbidity and mortality, if untreated. Although the current reference standard iron chelator deferoxamine has been used clinically for over four decades, its effectiveness is limited by a demanding therapeutic regimen that leads to poor compliance. Deferasir...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

An overview of the clinical use of ondansetron in preschool age childrenEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Ira Todd CohenDepartment of Anesthesiology, Children’s National Medical Center, George Washington University, Washington, DC, USAAbstract: The introduction of 5-HT3 receptor antagonist has revolutionized the prevention and treatment of nausea and vomiting in preschool aged children. These distressing symptoms, arising from multiple etiologies such as anesthesia, chemotherapy, and viral infection, are a major concern of patients and their families. Clinical research has demonstrated the antiemetic effectiveness of ondansetron in children. Although most of these studies focus primarily on preventing vomiting acros...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Editorial || FREE PAPER ||Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Garry M WalshAsthmatic and Allergy Inflammation Group, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, UKAbstract: Asthma is now one of the most common chronic diseases in westernized countries and is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness, and airway inflammation. Key pathological features include: infiltration of the airways by activated lymphocytes and eosinophils; damage to, and loss of, the bronchial epithelium; mast cell degranulation; mucous gland hyperplasia; and collagen deposition in the epithelial sub-basement membrane area. Presently, antiinflammatory therapy in asthma is larg...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Skin and skin structure infections: treatment with newer generation fluoroquinolonesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Philip Giordano1, Kurt Weber1, Gail Gesin2, Jason Kubert11Department of Emergency Medicine; 2Department of Pharmacy, Orlando Regional Medical Center, Orlando, Florida, USAAbstract: Skin and skin structure infections (SSSI) are an emerging issue in healthcare. They are responsible for increasing heathcare utilization, both in hospitalizations and intravenous antibiotic use. SSSI are caused by an evolving variety of pathogens, including Gram-positive, Gram-negative, and anaerobic bacteria. In combination with mounting resistance patterns, this diverse range of bacteria mandate empiric broad-spectrum antibiotic coverage. Hist...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Natalizumab: A new treatment for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Michael HutchinsonDepartment of Neurology, St. Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, IrelandAbstract: Natalizumab, a new disease-modifying therapy for relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), is a humanized monoclonal antibody which binds to α4β1-integrin. In a Phase 3 trial, 2 years of natalizumab monotherapy reduced the mean annualized relapse rate (ARR) by 68% compared with placebo (p < 0.001) and the risk of sustained disability progression was reduced by 42% in the natalizumab group (hazard ratio [HR] 0.58; 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.43–0.77; p < 0.001). Natalizumab decreas...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Dapoxetine, a novel selective serotonin transport inhibitor for the treatment of premature ejaculationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Muammer Kendirci1, Emad Salem2, Wayne JG Hellstrom21Department of Urology, Sisli Etfal Training and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey; 2Department of Urology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, USAAbstract: Premature ejaculation (PE) is the most common male sexual disorder, estimated to affect up to 30% of men. Over the past one or two decades, clinical investigators have participated in an increasing number of studies that are helping in our understanding of PE, which will undoubtedly facilitate future treatments. Apart from a number of behavioral approaches, the treatment of PE consists of prima...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Sunitinib: a novel tyrosine kinase inhibitor. A brief review of its therapeutic potential in the treatment of renal carcinoma and gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GIST)Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the very interesting results of the phase II trials after cytokin failure and of the randomized recent trial of sunitinib versus cytokin-based therapy in first-line treatment for patients with metastatic RCC, as well as the promising results of the recent trials on patients with GIST after disease progression or intolerance to imatinib mesylate therapy. Oral sunitinib demonstrates a high level of efficacy with acceptable tolerability with the 50 mg daily for 4 weeks followed by 2 weeks off schedule; a continuous schedule could be of interest. Hypertension and asthenia are the most common side effects with sunitin...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Montelukast in the management of allergic rhinitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Jaime A Lagos, Gailen D MarshallDivision of Clinical Immunology and Allergy, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USAAbstract: Allergic rhinitis is the most common atopic disorder seen in the outpatient clinic setting diagnosed by history, physical exam and objective testing. According to the Allergic Rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) document, it is classified by chronicity (intermittent or persistent), and severity which is based on symptoms and quality of life (mild, or moderate/severe). It has enormous socioeconomic costs and significant reduction in quality of life. Allergen avoidance should b...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

The safety of etanercept for the treatment of plaque psoriasisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Kim A PappUniversity of Western Ontario, and K Papp Clinical Research, Waterloo, ON, CanadaAbstract: Effective treatment with etanercept results from a congregation of immunological signaling and modulating roles played by tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), a pervasive member of the TNF super-family of cytokines participating in numerous immunologic and metabolic functions. Macrophages, lymphocytes and other cells produce TNF as part of the deregulated immune response resulting in psoriasis or other chronic inflammatory disorders. Tumor necrosis factor is also produced by macrophages and lymphocytes responding to for...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Long-term management of gastroesophageal reflux disease with pantoprazoleEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Theo ScholtenAllgemeines Krankenhaus Hagen, University of Witten/Herdecke, GermanyAbstract: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) is a chronic, relapsing disease that can progress to major complications. Affected patients have poorer health-related quality of life than the general population. As GERD requires continued therapy to prevent relapse and complications, most patients with erosive esophagitis require long-term acid suppressive treatment. Thus GERD results in a significant cost burden and poor health-related quality of life. The effective treatment of GERD provides symptom resolution and high rates of remission i...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

A smarter way to manage asthma with a combination of a long-acting β2-agonist and inhaled corticosteroidEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Olof SelroosSEMECO AB (Selroos Medical Consulting)Abstract: Symbicort SMART® (Symbicort Maintenance and Reliever Therapy) represents a new and unique way of treating patients with moderate-to-severe asthma, ie, those patients who require combination treatment with an inhaled corticosteroid and a long-acting inhaled β2-agonist. Symbicort SMART enables patients to use only one inhaler, the budesonideformoterol combination inhaler, for both maintenance and reliever therapy. The maintenance dose is adjustable, but should be a minimum of two doses per day which can be administered as two doses once daily or as one dose...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Incidence of spontaneous notifications of adverse reactions with aceclofenac, meloxicam, and rofecoxib during the first year after marketing in the United KingdomEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective was to compare the incidence of adverse reactions reported with three nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs with different cyclo-oxygenase (COX)-2 selectivity. All spontaneous adverse reaction notifications in the pharmacovigilance database of the World Health Organisation Collaborating Centre for International Drug Monitoring with aceclofenac, meloxicam, and rofecoxib that were recorded during the first year of marketing were included. The incidence rate (adverse reactions/106 defined daily dose) and 95% confidence interval for total adverse reactions was 8.7 (6.1–12.0) for aceclofenac, 24.8 (23.1&ndash...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Darbepoetin alpha in the treatment of cancer chemotherapy-induced anemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Alberto Grossi1, Francesca Balestri2, Simone Santini31IstitutoLeonardo da Vinci – Hematology, Florence, Italy; 2Blood Transfusion Center, Azienda Sanitaria 4, Prato, Italy; 3Oncology Unit, Azienda Sanitaria 4, Prato, ItalyAbstract: Anemia is a common, but underestimated and undertreated, complication of patients with cancer receiving chemo- or radiotherapy, and negatively affects their quality of life (QoL). Erythropoietic proteins (EPS) offer an effective treatment of cancer anemia and ameliorate QoL, although their use requires the correct targeting of hemoglobin increase to avoid thromboembolic complications. Curr...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Diagnosis and treatment of chronic rhinosinusitis: focus on intranasal Amphotericin BEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Eugene B Kern1, David Sherris1, Angelos M Stergiou2, Laura M Katz2, Lisa C Rosenblatt3, Jens Ponikau11Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, NY; 2Accentia Biopharmaceuticals, New York, NY; 3Analytica International, New York, NY, USA Abstract: Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is a chronic disease that affects 14.2% of the US adult population. Despite being widespread, little is known about the etiology of CRS. Treatment has been symptomatic and focused on relieving symptoms. Recent investigations into causes of CRS have revealed that most CRS patients have an eosinophilic inf...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Creating diagnostic scores using data-adaptive regression: An application to prediction of 30-day mortality among stroke victims in a rural hospital in IndiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Merrill D Birkner1, SP Kalantri2, Vaishali Solao2, Priya Badam2, Rajnish Joshi2,3, Ashish Goel4, Madhukar Pai5, Alan E Hubbard11University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Biostatistics, University Hall, Berkeley, CA, USA; 2Department of Medicine, Mahatma Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Sevagram, Maharashtra, India; 3University of California, Berkeley, School of Public Health, Division of Epidemiology, Warren Hall, Berkeley, CA, USA; 4Department of Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India; 5Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Occupational Health, McGil...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

The use of antithrombotics in patients presenting with stroke and atrial fibrillationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Carl Burgess1, Tristram Ingham1, Martin Woodbridge2, Mark Weatherall1, Michael Nowitz1 1Department of Medicine, Wellington School of Medicine & Health Sciences, Wellington, New Zealand; 2Medsafe, Ministry of Health, 133 Molesworth Street, PO Box 5013, Wellington, New ZealandAbstract: Antithrombotics have been shown to decrease the risk of stroke in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF). However they are associated with an increased risk of bleeding. We assessed the frequency and appropriateness of antithrombotic therapy in patients admitted to our service with stroke and AF. A retrospective case study of 219 patients ...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

A review of the role of capecitabine in the treatment of colorectal cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Pasquale ComellaDepartment of Medical Oncology, National Tumour Institute, Naples, ItalyAbstract: 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin, with or without oxaliplatin or irinotecan, is the most widely used treatment for the metastatic as well for the adjuvant setting of colorectal cancer. These agents are administered intravenously (by bolus or infusion), thereby causing significant inconvenience to patients. Capecitabine, an oral fluoropyrimidine, has been demonstrated to be at least as effective as bolus 5-fluorouracil/leucovorin in terms of time to disease progression, time to treatment failure, and overall survival, but achieves sig...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Zanamivir for the prevention of influenza in adults and children age 5 years and olderEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lea S Eiland1, Edward H Eiland21Auburn University Harrison School of Pharmacy, Huntsville, AL, USA; 2Huntsville Hospital, Huntsville, AL, USAAbstract: On a yearly basis there are 3–5 million severe cases and 250,000–500,000 deaths worldwide attributed to influenza. Four antiviral medications are currently available on the market; however, resistance has resulted in the armamentarium being shrunk to two remaining active treatment options for influenza. These two neuraminidase inhibitors, oseltamivir and zanamivir, are recommended for the treatment and prophylaxis of influenza A and B in children and adults....
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

The safety and efficacy of alefacept in the treatment of chronic plaque psoriasisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Claudia Jenneck, Natalija NovakDepartment of Dermatology, University of Bonn, GermanyAbstract: Alefacept is the first biological agent approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis. It is a full human fusion protein binding to CD2 on T cells. With its dual mechanism of action, alefacept blocks the interaction between the leukocyte-function-associated antigen (LFA)-3 and CD2 and thereby impedes the activation and proliferation of T cells. In addition, alefacept induces apoptosis of activated memory T cells. This paper presents an overview about the cli...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Acute migraine: Current treatment and emerging therapiesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Arun A Kalra, Debra ElliottDepartment of Neurology, LSU Health Sciences Center, Shreveport, LA, USAAbstract: Migraine is a common disabling primary headache disorder. Despite the need for a perfect treatment of this debilitating condition, the ideal “cure” eludes us. In 1992, the first triptan was released in the US for use in acute migraine. Triptans are more specific for the serotonin receptor 5-hydroxy triptamine (5-HT) 1 than previously prescribed drugs, such as ergotamines, with fewer side effects. This was an important first step in specific acute migraine therapy. Today however, triptans continue to be u...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Rasagiline – a novel MAO B inhibitor in Parkinson’s disease therapyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Shimon Lecht1,3,4, Simon Haroutiunian2,4, Amnon Hoffman2, Philip Lazarovici11Department of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics; 2Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel; 3This manuscript is a part of PhD thesis to be submitted to The Hebrew University of Jerusalem by SL; 4These authors contributed equally in preparation of this manuscriptAbstract: Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a progressive neurodegenerative, dopamine deficiency disorder. The main therapeutic strategies for PD treatment relies on dopamine precursors (levodopa), i...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Recombinant human epoetin beta in the treatment of renal anemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Francesco Locatelli1, Pietro Pozzoni1, Lucia Del Vecchio21Department of Nephrology and Dialysis, A. Manzoni Hospital, Lecco, Italy; 2Department of Hypertension and Preventive Nephrology, IRCCS Policlinico Multimedia, Sesto San Giovanni (MI), ItalyAbstract: Cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of the poor long-term survival of patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). Anemia complicating CKD not only impairs patients’ quality of life, but is also an independent risk factor for adverse cardiovascular outcomes. The availability of recombinant human erythropoietin (rHuEPO) has greatly changed the management of a...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Tramadol extended-release in the management of chronic painEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bill McCarbergDirector of the Chronic Pain Management Program, Kaiser Permanente, San Diego, CA, USAAbstract: Chronic, noncancer pain such as that associated with osteoarthritis of the hip and knee is typically managed according to American College of Rheumatology guidelines. Patients unresponsive to first-line treatment with acetaminophen receive nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), including cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. However, many patients may have chronic pain that is refractory to these agents, or they may be at risk for the gastrointestinal, renal, and cardiovascular complications associated with t...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Current approach to cancer pain management: Availability and implications of different treatment optionsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hrachya Nersesyan1, Konstantin V Slavin21Department of Neurology, University of Illinois at Peoria, Peoria, IL, USA; 2Department of Neurosurgery, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USAAbstract: Despite tremendous progress in medicine during last couple of decades, cancer still remains the most horrifying diagnosis for anybody due to its almost inevitable futility. According to American Cancer Society Statistics, it is estimated that only in the United States more than half a million people will die from cancer in 2006. For those who survive, probably the most fearsome symptom regardless of cancer type will be ...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

A review of rabeprazole in the treatment of acid-related diseasesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fabio Pace1, Stefano Pallotta1, Stefania Casalini2, Gabriele Bianchi Porro11Division of Gastroenterology, “L. Sacco” University Hospital, Milan, Italy; 2Medical Department, Janssen Cilag Italy, Milan, ItalyAbstract: Rabeprazole is a proton pump inhibitor. Pharmacodynamic data show rabeprazole can achieve optimal acid suppression since the first administration and can maintain this advantage in the following days of therapy. Moreover, rabeprazole has the highest pKa (~ 5.0, the pH at which a drug becomes 50% protonated), and hence the molecule can be activated at higher pH levels much faster than other PPIs. Due...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Editorial || FREE PAPER ||Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Garry M WalshAsthmatic and Allergy Inflammation Group, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, UKAbstract: In addition to two original research articles this issue of TCRM contains some excellent reviews on diverse clinical areas including control of chronic pain, Parkinson’s disease and the use of a novel biologic to treat chronic plaque psoriasis. Nersesyan and Slavin (2007) have provided a comprehensive overview of the problem of providing adequate analgesia for cancer patients. Indeed they point out that in the US alone 70% of people with cancer experience some degree of pain and that this inevitably intensif...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Effect of patient-specific factors on weekly warfarin doseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: We found concomitant use of CYP inducer, age, height, and ethnicity to have the greatest influence on TWD. Positive relationships were found between TWD and the use of CYP450 inducer, height, and African American ethnicity. Although it did appear that women required a lower TWD than men, this factor contributed mildly. Further studies with a greater sample size may more precisely predict the effect of patient-specific factors on TWD, thus uncovering additional relationships.Keywords: anticoagulation, survey, vitamin K, warfarin, CYP450 inducers (Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management)
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Treatment of community-acquired pneumonia, with special emphasis on gemifloxacinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Serkan ÖncüAdnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Aydin, TurkeyAbstract: Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is the cause of substantial morbidity, mortality, and resource utilization worldwide. When choosing an antimicrobial, effective treatment depends on proper patient evaluation and the identification of numerous risk factors, such as recent antibiotic exposure or the presence of comorbidity. Patients without any risk factor should be treated effectively with a narrow spectrum β-lactam agent, like amoxicillin, or a macrolide. If a risk facto...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Pharmacological causes of hyperprolactinemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Daria La Torre, Alberto FalorniDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Internal Medicine and Endocrine and Metabolic Sciences, University of Perugia, Perugia, ItalyAbstract: Hyperprolactinemia is a common endocrinological disorder that may be caused by several physiological and pathological conditions. Several drugs may determine a significant increase in prolactin serum concentration that is frequently associated with symptoms. The so-called typical antipsychotics are frequently responsible for drug-related hyperprolactinemia. Risperidone is one of the atypical neuroleptics most likely to induce hyperprolactinemia, wh...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

The renaissance of fixed dose combinations: CombivirEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Simon D Portsmouth1, Christopher J Scott 21St Mary’s Hospital, London, UK; 2Chelsea & Westminster Hospital, London, UKAbstract: Combivir is a fixed dose combination tablet of two antiretroviral drugs; zidovudine and lamivudine, used in the treatment of HIV-1 infection. AZT was the first antiretroviral used in clinical trials and the addition of lamivudine improved its effectiveness. With the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy in the form of a combination of three drugs including two nucleoside analogues, Combivir became the gold standard nucleoside ‘backbone’ until very recently. Com...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Editorial || FREE PAPER ||Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Garry M WalshAsthmatic and Allergy Inflammation Group, School of Medicine, University of Aberdeen, UKAbstract: Asthma is now one of the most common chronic diseases in Western countries and is characterized by reversible airway obstruction, bronchial hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation. For many years, anti-inflammatory therapy in asthma has been largely reliant on glucocorticoids (GCs) – particularly in their inhaled form – and their use is associated with a striking reduction in the numbers of activated eosinophils, mast cells, and T cells in vivo. However, although GCs can be efficacious, they are al...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Reflections on adjuvant treatment of gastric cancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Albert Abad, José Luis Manzano, Cristina MartíServicio de Oncología Médica (Medical Oncology Service), Hospital Universitari Germans Trias i Pujol, Institut Català d’Oncologia (ICO) Badalona, Barcelona, SpainAbstract: Gastric cancer constitutes a significant health problem in the world due to its high incidence in certain geographical areas. The basic treatment of this tumor in its localized stages is surgery. Unfortunately, survival is less than 5 years, despite radical surgery. Radical and extensive surgery has proved to be crucial to survival, although there is no agreement on th...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Review of tipranavir in the treatment of drug-resistant HIVEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hendrik Streeck, Jürgen Kurt RockstrohDepartment of Medicine I, University of Bonn, Bonn, GermanyAbstract: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has dramatically improved the prognosis of patients with HIV. Low adherence and toxicity among HIV-positive patients starting HAART, however, can lead to discontinuation of therapy and limit long-term treatment success. Moreover, increasing prevalence of primary resistance (>10%) as well as the accumulation of mutations resulting from continued selection pressure exerted by ongoing antiretroviral treatment in patients failing virologically, mean that new compounds a...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Prevention of shingles: safety and efficacy of live zoster vaccineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dianna Quan1, Randall J Cohrs1, Ravi Mahalingam1, Donald H Gilden1,2Departments of 1Neurology and 2Microbiology, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver, Colorado, USAAbstract: Primary infection with varicella zoster virus (VZV) causes chickenpox (varicella) after which virus becomes latent in cranial nerve, dorsal root and autonomic ganglia along the entire neuraxis. Virus may later reactivate, causing shingles (zoster), characterized by pain and rash restricted to 1–3 dermatomes. More than 40% of zoster patients over age 60 develop postherpetic neuralgia (PHN), pain that persists for months to years. ...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Clinical studies with oral lipid based formulations of poorly soluble compoundsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Dimitrios G Fatouros1, Ditte M Karpf1, Flemming S Nielsen1, Anette Mullertz1Department of Pharmaceutics and Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark; 1Contributed equally to this workAbstract: This work is an attempt to give an overview of the clinical data available on lipid based formulations. Lipid and surfactant based formulations are recognized as a feasible approach to improve bioavailability of poorly soluble compounds. However not many clinical studies have been published so far. Several drug products intended for oral administration have been marketed ...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals

Evaluation of patient care interventions and recommendations by a transitional care pharmacistEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
K Bruce Bayley1, Lucy A Savitz2, Teresa Maddalone3, Stephen E Stoner4, Jacquelyn S Hunt5, Robert Wells61Center for Outcomes Research and Education, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 2Abt Associates, Durham, North Carolina, USA; 3Providence Physician Division, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 4Regional Clinical Pharmacy Services, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 5Providence Physician Group, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USA; 6Providence Portland Medical Center, Providence Health and Services, Portland, Oregon, USAAbstract: A “transiti...
Source: Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management - May 21, 2008 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: journals