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Homicide rate as a predictor of traffic fatality rate.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: This finding suggests that social aspects of human interaction may play an important role in traffic safety. PMID: 19916119 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Sivak M Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Toward a more parsimonious approach to drug recognition expert evaluations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings from this study will facilitate the process of identifying the correct category of drug ingested by focusing on critical signs and symptoms of drug influence. This work will have direct and immediate relevance to the training of drug recognition experts (DREs) by providing the foundation for an innovative, statistically based approach to drug classification decisions by DREs. PMID: 19916120 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Porath-Waller AJ, Beirness DJ, Beasley EE Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Alcohol biomarkers as tools to guide and support decisions about intoxicated driver risk.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Biomarker testing improved the assessment and monitoring of repeat offenders in this pilot because it provided an objective tool to identify high-risk drivers allowing for better treatment recommendations and helped identified drivers who relapsed during follow-up to facilitate a brief intervention by the counselor that resulted in reduced alcohol consumption. These results contribute to establish evidence based practices in highway safety and are setting up new guidelines in the United States to reduce drunk driving. PMID: 19916121 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Bean P, Roska C, Harasymiw J, Pearson J, Kay B, Louks H Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Cost-benefit analysis of an alcohol ignition interlock for installation in all newly registered vehicles.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: It was recommended that the installation of interlock devices in all newly registered vehicles in Australia could be an effective option, from a cost-benefit analysis perspective, depending upon its level of success in preventing alcohol-impaired driving. Therefore, although this primary prevention strategy is likely to obtain lower BCRs than targeting groups who are overrepresented in alcohol-related road crashes, a substantial number of road fatalities and serious injuries would be prevented, with up to 24 percent of all fatalities and up to 11 percent of all serious injuries saved in Australia per annum. Ove...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Lahausse JA, Fildes BN Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Unlicensed driving among urban and rural Maori drivers: New Zealand drivers study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Driving before obtaining a driver's license was common practice and the amount of driving extensive, for both rural and urban drivers. Furthermore, contrary to common perceptions in New Zealand, the need and opportunities for driving were similar, irrespective of place of residence. This suggests that similar issues may need to be addressed by both urban and rural Maori community road safety providers. PMID: 19916123 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: McDowell A, Begg D, Connor J, Broughton J Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Posts to online news message boards and public discourse surrounding DUI enforcement.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Public responses to DUI enforcement news articles provide insight into the beliefs and thought processes of those who oppose enforcement efforts or view drinking and driving as no big deal. Primary objections to enforcement focused on civil and personal rights issues, skepticism regarding law enforcement's motives and objectivity, and the belief that drinking driving is not a "real" crime. Online news message boards could be useful in informing campaigns and helping program planners frame media events and press releases to best appeal to the most at-risk segments of the driving public. PMID: 19916124 [PubMe...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Connor SM, Wesolowski K Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

In-depth analysis of pedestrian crashes in Riyadh.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Practical recommendations are given that researchers, traffic police, medical authorities, nongovernmental organizations (NGOs), educational institutions, and municipalities can adopt to lower the risk of pedestrian crashes. PMID: 19916125 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Al-Shammari N, Bendak S, Al-Gadhi S Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Vehicle model year and crash outcomes: a CIREN study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Front seat occupants of later MY vehicles injured during crashes experience a decreased likelihood of very severe thoracic injuries, spinal injuries, and death. PMID: 19916126 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Ryb GE, Dischinger PC, Ho S Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

The utility of seat belt signs to predict intra-abdominal injury following motor vehicle crashes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Seat belt signs remain an important physical finding in patients with intra-abdominal injury following motor vehicle crashes. Front seat passengers presenting with seat belt signs were more than twice as likely to sustain intra-abdominal injury; thus, emergency physicians and trauma surgeons should be aware of passenger position when evaluating a seat belt sign. PMID: 19916127 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Bansal V, Conroy C, Tominaga GT, Coimbra R Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Commercial drivers' health: a naturalistic study of body mass index, fatigue, and involvement in safety-critical events.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The results of this study support other research in the field of health and well-being that indicate a link between obesity and fatigue, which is a major safety issue surrounding commercial motor vehicle operations given the long hours these drivers spend on the road. PMID: 19916128 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Wiegand DM, Hanowski RJ, McDonald SE Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Making the most of the worst-case scenario: should belt-positioning booster seats be used in lap-belt-only seating positions?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Although data for children secured in lap belts with boosters are limited, the results suggest that boosters are not harmful. This finding is inconsistent with the current recommendation that booster seats not be used when children must be buckled with lap belts only. Data also confirm that booster seats with lap/shoulder belts remain the optimal protection for booster-age children. PMID: 19916129 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Kirley BB, Teoh ER, Lund AK, Arbogast KB, Kallan MJ, Durbin DR Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Roof strength and injury risk in rollover crashes of passenger cars.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The association between vehicle roof strength and occupant injury risk in rollover crashes appears robust across different vehicle groups and across roof SWR(5) values, varying from just more than 1.5 to just less than 4.0. If roofs were to increase in strength by one SWR(5), a 20-25 percent reduction in risk of serious injury in rollovers would be expected. Still, even if all vehicle roofs were as strong as the strongest roof measured, many rollover injuries still would occur, indicating the need for additional research and countermeasures. PMID: 19916130 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Brumbelow ML, Teoh ER Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Useful field of view as a reliable screening measure of driving performance in people with Parkinson's disease: results of a pilot study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: In this pilot study among PD patients, the UFOV may be a superior screening measure (compared to other measures of disease, cognition, and vision) for predicting on-road driving performance but its rigor must be verified in a larger sample of people with PD. PMID: 19916131 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Classen S, McCarthy DP, Shechtman O, Awadzi KD, Lanford DN, Okun MS, Rodriguez RL, Romrell J, Bridges S, Kluger B, Fernandez HH Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Letter to the editor: Sudden onset of illness while driving a vehicle.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19916132 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - November 17, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Hitosugi M, Motozawa Y, Tokudome S Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Commentary: How traffic crashes were reduced in China--experience and difficulties.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19746301 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Wang ZG, Zhou JH, Yin ZY Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Toward national estimates of alcohol use disorders among drivers: results from the National Roadside Survey Pilot Program.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: AUD status can be effectively measured at the roadside. The poor reliability for alcohol abuse is related to underreporting of drinking and driving during roadside assessments, compared to telephone follow-up. Other measures of hazardous alcohol use should be used in the roadside context to measure alcohol abuse. PMID: 19746302 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Furr-Holden CD, Voas RB, Lacey J, Kelley-Baker T, Romano E, Smart M Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Ethnicity, age, and trends in alcohol-related driver fatalities in the United States.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Though existing strategies have seemed to be successful in preventing an uptrend in alcohol-related fatal collisions in the country, their effectiveness in decreasing such incidents has been limited. Future studies should identify the factors that might influence the effectiveness of current anti-drunk driver policies. PMID: 19746303 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Roudsari B, Ramisetty-Mikler S, Rodriguez LA Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

The Trail-making Test B and driver screening in the emergency department.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Many older ED patients drive, and relatively healthy ED patients are able to complete the TMT-B with results similar to standard nomograms. The TMT-B may prove useful as part of targeted driver screening programs in EDs. PMID: 19746304 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Betz ME, Fisher J Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Analysis of large truck rollover crashes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Although they account for but a tenth of all large truck crashes, rollovers result from causes that are relatively unique to the vehicle and where it is driven. Programs could improve safety through the use of video to expose truck drivers to the situations causing rollovers, along with simulation allowing drivers to experience the consequences of errors without the harmful results of actual rollovers. PMID: 19746305 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: McKnight AJ, Bahouth GT Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Belt use: comparison of NASS-CDS and police crash reports.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: For occupants with serious-to-fatal injury, the error in police reporting belt use was 13-18 percent. The police often rely on self-reported belt use, which overestimates actual belt wearing and they do not always conduct in-depth investigation of vehicle, seat belt, and occupant injury to reach a conclusion of belt use. The police generally overreport belt use in motor vehicle crashes. PMID: 19746306 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Viano DC, Parenteau CS Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

The Health Belief Model variables as predictors of risky driving behaviors among commuters in Yazd, Iran.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The pattern of risky driving behaviors, and safe driving barriers among commuters in Yazd, Iran, which are identified in this study, could be used in planning effective intervention programs to improve the driving habits of the commuters. The results of the study showed that Health Belief Model can be used as a conceptual framework for intervention programs aimed at decreasing road traffic accidents. PMID: 19746307 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Morowatisharifabad MA Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Use of car crashes resulting in fatal and serious injuries to analyze a safe road transport system model and to identify system weaknesses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The model for a safe road transport system was found useful to classify fatal and serious road vehicle crashes. It was possible to classify 90 percent of the crashes according to the safety road transport model. For all these cases it was possible to identify weaknesses and parts of the road transport system with the highest potential to prevent fatal and serious injuries. Injury outcomes were mostly related to an interaction between the 3 components: the road, the vehicle, and the road user. PMID: 19746308 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Stigson H, Hill J Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Comparison of distributions of key predictor variables in CIREN and NASS-CDS cases meeting CIREN inclusion criteria.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this article is to assess whether this requirement is met. METHODS: Occupants from NASS-CDS that meet CIREN inclusion criteria, termed CIREN-eligible NASS-CDS cases, were selected to represent the source population for CIREN. These CDS cases were compared to CIREN cases on a number of key variables that are used in many analyses of crash injury data. Comparisons were evaluated using chi-square tests. RESULTS: The comparisons indicate that CIREN cases are similar to CIREN-eligible NASS-CDS cases on most variables, with some important exceptions. First, CIREN contains more frontal crashes than CIREN-eligible...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Flannagan CA, Rupp JD Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

The impact of replacing heavy passenger vehicles (LTVs and SUVs) in the British Columbia fleet with lighter versions.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Replacing almost all the heavy LTV/SUVs with lighter versions should reduce injuries by less than 1 percent and increase fatalities by 3.5 percent percent. Nevertheless, in terms of persons impacted and the associated costs, the effects would be noticeable. The issue for policy-makers is to judge how the environmental benefits associated with encouraging such change compare with the net costs in terms of safety outcomes. PMID: 19746310 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Cooper PJ, Zheng Y, Andersen L, Pellegrini N Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Child safety in vehicles: validation of a mathematical model and development of restraint system design guidelines for 3-year-olds through mathematical simulations.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: In order to decrease the Q3 ATD head, chest, and pelvis accelerations and to limit the Q3 ATD head displacement, the following practices are recommended: first, position the D-ring rearward of the ATD so that the belt encloses the ATD's shoulder; second, position the lap belt anchors to make the lap belt angle 24 degrees to the horizontal, but make sure submarining is not induced; and finally, use a safety belt with pretensioner and load limiter functions. However, these recommendations need to be balanced with the recommendations for other occupant sizes, and any specific settings have to be evaluated further...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Johansson M, Pipkorn B, Lövsund P Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

The effectiveness of antilock brake systems on motorcycles in reducing real-life crashes and injuries.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study set out to evaluate the effectiveness of antilock brake system (ABS) technology on motorcycles in reducing real-life injury crashes and to mitigate injury severity. The study comprised an analysis of in-depth fatal crash data in Sweden during 2005-2008 to investigate the potential of ABS as well an estimate of the effectiveness of ABS in crash reduction in Sweden between 2003 and 2008 using induced exposure methods. Findings show that head-on collisions were the least ABS-affected crash types and collisions at intersections the most influenced. Induced exposure analysis showed that the overall effectiveness of A...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Rizzi M, Strandroth J, Tingvall C Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Importance of physical properties of the human head on head-neck injury metrics.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Considerable variations in physical properties and injury metrics between data obtained from literature-based regression equations and actual data for each specimen suggest the critical importance of specimen-specific data to accurately describe the biodynamic response and establish tolerance criteria. Because neck dynamics control head kinematics (and vice versa), these results emphasize the need to determine physical properties of each specimen following impact tests. PMID: 19746313 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Yoganandan N, Maiman DJ, Guan Y, Pintar F Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Optimal sensor positioning to track rib deflections from an optical system in the Hybrid III dummy.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: These controlled evaluations provide a fundamental understanding of the performance of the system as installed in the 50th percentile male Hybrid III dummy and its ability to measure both antero-posterior and lateral components of deflections at multiple ribs, including the sternum for frontal impact applications. The system may be optimally used to gather rib deflection data without signal drop-out under symmetrical and asymmetrical loadings when LEDs are mounted on the superior-inferior centerline of the ribs with no eccentricity along the z-axis and at the 9-cm location from the mid-sternum on either side o...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Yoganandan N, Pintar FA Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Blood screening in a southern Nigeria City: a case study with SAVAN.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Blood group of auto-bike riders, pedestrians, passengers, and all potential victims should be documented in their identification card to facilitate blood transfusion during major crisis or disasters where the facilities for typing are not available. PMID: 19746315 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - September 14, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Ehikhamenor E, Azodo C, Chinedu E, Festus E Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Commentary: evaluation of driver fitness--the role of continuing medical education.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article examines the measures included in this program and their results. SAAQ statistics show the benefit of the SAAQ's continuing medical education (CME) program. Since the initiation of the program the number of reports submitted by physicians has increased exponentially, whereas police reports have remained constant. Informed physicians report drivers with medical problems that may affect driver fitness when they are aware that the licensing agency's decisions are based principally upon valid functional evaluations. Discretionary reporting may be as effective as mandatory reporting when physicians are knowledgeabl...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Dow J Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

A comparison of drivers with high versus low perceived risk of being caught and arrested for driving under the influence of alcohol.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: There is a need to elevate the perceived risk of being caught when driving while alcohol impaired. Despite several years of prevention programs, a substantial portion of Maryland drivers do not feel it very likely that they would be stopped by the police if they were to drive after drinking too much. Drivers who perceive these risks are more accepting of enforcement and treatment countermeasures and are more likely to report safer driving behaviors. PMID: 19593706 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Beck KH, Fell JC, Yan AF Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Does knowledge of teen driving risks and awareness of current law translate into support for stronger GDL provisions? Lessons learned from one state.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Parents of Connecticut teens were more knowledgeable of current law but less supportive of GDL upgrades compared to other adults. Women were more apt to favor GDL upgrades than men. This study identifies subgroups that can be targeted for prevention activities and illustrates a useful method to assess public support for GDL upgrades. PMID: 19593707 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Campbell BT, Chaudhary NK, Saleheen H, Borrup K, Lapidus G Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Opium consumption and the risk of traffic injuries in regular users: a case-crossover study in an emergency department.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: These results suggest a heightened risk of traffic injuries after opium consumption in regular users. The RR in the third hour after consumption could be explained by considering the greater probability of driving compared to the immediate hours after use, rather than peak effect time of opiates. The results indicate necessity of regular assessment of all common drivers, especially truck and bus drivers, regarding use of opium. PMID: 19593708 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Majdzadeh R, Feiz-Zadeh A, Rajabpour Z, Motevalian A, Hosseini M, Abdollahi M, Ghadirian P Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Effectiveness of media and enforcement campaigns in increasing seat belt usage rates in a state with a secondary seat belt law.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The results from this study indicate that effective and well-planned media/enforcement campaigns can have a significant impact on seat belt usage rates even in a state where the enforcement of seat belt laws can only be as a secondary violation. They validate and expand on findings from other efforts documented in the literature. These results demonstrate that, if coordinated properly, media and enforcement campaigns work very effectively in increasing seat belt usage rates even in states with secondary seat belt laws. PMID: 19593709 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Vasudevan V, Nambisan SS, Singh AK, Pearl T Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Could ESC (Electronic Stability Control) change the way we drive?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Collectively, results suggest that behavioral adaptation to ESC is likely in certain drivers; however, its proven effectiveness in reducing the likelihood of being involved in a serious crash probably outweighs any potential increases in unsafe driving. To fully benefit from ESC, vehicle manufacturers are encouraged to market ESC-equipped vehicles in a realistic, safe manner. Driver training and safety organizations are also encouraged to provide balanced educational information about ESC to their members. PMID: 19593710 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Rudin-Brown CM, Jenkins RW, Whitehead T, Burns PC Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

During which month is it riskiest to drive in the United States?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The obtained seasonal variation in the road fatality rate is likely a result of a joint influence of several factors that exhibit seasonal variations themselves (the duration of darkness, consumption of alcohol, proportion of older drivers, amount of leisure driving, and inclement weather). PMID: 19593711 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Sivak M Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Back-over collisions in child pedestrians from the Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Although back-over collisions represent a small proportion of pedestrian motor vehicle collisions, they tend to involve more severe injuries, as indicated by their admission to hospital. It was found that older children are also at risk of back-over collisions and back-over collisions occur in areas other than driveways. In order to lessen the burden of back-over collisions, interventions must address children of different ages and a variety of locations. PMID: 19593712 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Nhan C, Rothman L, Slater M, Howard A Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Warning drivers about potential congestion as a means to reduce frustration-driven aggressive driving.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Some of the results-particularly the increase in aggressive driving among participants low in dispositional driver anger who were warning about congestion-were unexpected. The interaction effect suggests that the strategy providing warnings about upcoming congestion will not necessarily reduce frustration among all drivers. PMID: 19593713 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Johnson MB, McKnight S Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

The association of driver age with traffic injury severity in Wisconsin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The oldest drivers involved in motor vehicle crashes had the highest risk for severe injury and fatality. In light of the increasing number of the oldest drivers and their poor outcomes from severe trauma, substantial morbidity can be expected to occur in the oldest drivers. Evidence-based measures to reduce the risks to older drivers should continue to be developed, evaluated, and implemented. PMID: 19593714 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Hanrahan RB, Layde PM, Zhu S, Guse CE, Hargarten SW Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

The relationship between regional economic conditions and the severity of traffic crashes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The estimates indicate that regional economic conditions have a statistically significant beneficial impact on traffic safety by improving the level of injury suffered by crash victims. Therefore, state and federal public policy makers should consider this factor when allocating traffic safety-related resources among geographical regions. PMID: 19593715 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Traynor TL Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Road traffic injuries in Iran: the role of interventions implemented by traffic police.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: These findings demonstrate the role of traffic police interventions, initiated simultaneously on a national level, in RTI prevention. Though these reductions may not be solely attributable to the interventions implemented, they do highlight the importance of the contribution made by law enforcement and mass education campaigns. PMID: 19593716 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Soori H, Royanian M, Zali AR, Movahedinejad A Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Comparison of driving errors between on-the-road and simulated driving assessment: a validation study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings suggest early support for external validity for our driving simulator, indicating that the results of assessing driving errors when negotiating turns in the simulator can be generalized or transferred to the road under the same testing conditions. A follow-up study with larger sample size is needed to establish whether driving performance in the simulator is predictive of driving performance on the road. PMID: 19593717 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Shechtman O, Classen S, Awadzi K, Mann W Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

A new approach to multibody model development: pedestrian lower extremity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The use of a facet surface model of the lower extremity skin and simultaneous optimization of the model's structural response and contact parameters resulted in a model capable of accurately predicting the detailed kinematic response of the lower extremity under vehicle impact loading at 40 km/h. The model can be scaled to represent varying pedestrian anthropometries and can assess the risks associated with sustaining the most common pedestrian injuries. As a vehicle design tool, the model can be used to optimize front-end designs, or it can be used in combination with a detailed FEM to reduce the vast design ...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - July 15, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Kerrigan JR, Parent DP, Untaroiu C, Crandall JR, Deng B Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Effects of age and experience on young driver crashes: review of recent literature.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The findings lend support to delaying licensure among teenagers in the United States, where licensure commonly is allowed at age 16, and to graduated licensing systems that phase in unsupervised driving during high-risk situations as teenagers gain independent driving experience. PMID: 19452361 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - May 31, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: McCartt AT, Mayhew DR, Braitman KA, Ferguson SA, Simpson HM Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Substance use as a predictor of driving under the influence (DUI) rearrests. a 15-year retrospective study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: A third of those suspected of driving under the influence of alcohol and/or drugs are rearrested within 15 years. Drugs, especially amphetamines, are a risk factor for faster rearrest. These results show that the groups at risk of recidivism can be pinpointed. Interventions to prevent recidivism should be developed particularly for drugged drivers. Substance abuse beginning in adolescence seems to be a greater risk. PMID: 19452362 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - May 31, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Impinen A, Rahkonen O, Karjalainen K, Lintonen T, Lillsunde P, Ostamo A Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Substance-dependent professional drivers in Iran: a descriptive study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: There are people with drug dependencies who drive for living in Iran. Deterrence programs through screening and random drug testing at police stations and legislation regarding charges of drugged drivers and prohibition from driving for long time periods are essential priorities in traffic safety. PMID: 19452363 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - May 31, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Narenjiha H, Rafiey H, Jahani MR, Assari S, Moharamzad Y, Roshanpazooh M Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Screening for drugs in oral fluid: drug driving and illicit drug use in a sample of Queensland motorists.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: This research provides evidence that drug driving is relatively prevalent on some Queensland roads, and thus the behavior presents as a serious road safety threat. This article will further outline the study findings and present possible directions for future drug driving research. PMID: 19452364 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - May 31, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Davey J, Freeman J Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Accident-related risk behaviors associated with motivations for motorcycle use in Iran: a country with very high traffic deaths.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: This study indicates that Iranian motorcyclists can be categorized into distinct groups according to motivation for motorcycle use. The results of this study indicate that motorcyclist risky behaviors are related to motivational factors. Furthermore, regardless of the motivational factors, disobedience of traffic rules was a common risk behavior among all four motivational groups. The relationship between motivation to ride and associated risk behaviors is important because it begins to build a general framework that will help researchers target specific groups that are most in need of interventions to reduce m...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - May 31, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Zamani-Alavijeh F, Niknami S, Bazargan M, Mohammadi E, Montazeri A, Ahmadi F, Ghofranipour F Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Road traffic injuries among middle school students in a rural area of China.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: School-related stress and sleep disturbance were identified as possible risk factors for road traffic injuries among students in a rural area of China. Further research is warranted in order to develop prevention strategies to address these preventable injuries. PMID: 19452366 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Traffic Injury Prevention)
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - May 31, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Jaung MS, Yu S, Stallones L, Xiang H Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals

Roof strength and injury risk in rollover crashes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The FMVSS 216 measure of roof strength related strongly to occupant protection in real-world rollover crashes in this study, which restricted analysis to vehicles with reasonably homogeneous driver and usage characteristics and accounted for state variation in injury rates. Further research should determine whether these results generalize to other vehicle types with different drivers and rollover risk. Research should also focus on factors other than roof strength, because even large increases in roof strength would leave many rollover crash deaths unaffected. PMID: 19452367 [PubMed - in process] (Source:...
Source: Traffic Injury Prevention - May 31, 2009 Category: Occupational Health Authors: Brumbelow ML, Teoh ER, Zuby DS, McCartt AT Tags: Traffic Inj Prev Source Type: journals