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296 records returned

Tamoxifen administration routes and dosage for inducible Cre-mediated gene disruption in mouse hearts.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tissue-specific and time-dependent control of in vivo gene disruption may be achieved using conditional knockout strategies in transgenic mice. Fusion of mutant estrogen receptor ligand-binding domains to Cre recombinase (Cre-ER(T), MerCreMer) combined with cardiac-directed gene expression has been used to generate several cardiac-specific tamoxifen-inducible Cre-expressing mouse lines. Such mice have successfully been used to generate Cre-loxP-mediated gene disruption in an inducible manner in the myocardium in vivo. However, information is sparse regarding the tamoxifen dosage, the time course of gene disruption and ...
Source: Transgenic Research - November 6, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Andersson KB, Winer LH, Mørk HK, Molkentin JD, Jaisser F Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Is there a risk from not using GE animals?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19888667 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transgenic Research)
Source: Transgenic Research - November 4, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Murray JD, Maga EA Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Degradation of Cry1Ab protein from genetically modified maize (MON810) in relation to total dietary feed proteins in dairy cow digestion.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To investigate the relative degradation and fragmentation pattern of the recombinant Cry1Ab protein from genetically modified (GM) maize MON810 throughout the gastrointestinal tract (GIT) of dairy cows, a 25 months GM maize feeding study was conducted on 36 lactating Bavarian Fleckvieh cows allocated into two groups (18 cows per group) fed diets containing either GM maize MON810 or nearly isogenic non-GM maize as the respective diet components. All cows were fed a partial total mixed ration (pTMR). During the feeding trial, 8 feed (4 transgenic (T) and 4 non-transgenic (NT) pTMR) and 42 feces (26 T and 18 NT) samples f...
Source: Transgenic Research - November 4, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Paul V, Guertler P, Wiedemann S, Meyer HH Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

"Transgenesis, recent technical developments and applications" Nantes, 8th June 2009.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19882223 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transgenic Research)
Source: Transgenic Research - November 1, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Ménoret S, Tesson L, Remy S, Usal C, Iscache AL, Anegon I Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

High-level expression of Camelid nanobodies in Nicotiana benthamiana.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nanobodies (or VHHs) are single-domain antigen-binding fragments derived from Camelid heavy chain-only antibodies. Their small size, monomeric behaviour, high stability and solubility, and ability to bind epitopes not accessible to conventional antibodies make them especially suitable for many therapeutic and biotechnological applications. Here we describe high-level expression, in Nicotiana benthamiana, of three versions of an anti-hen egg white lysozyme (HEWL) nanobody which include the original VHH from an immunized library (cAbLys3), a codon-optimized derivative, and a codon-optimized hybrid nanobody comprising the...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Teh YH, Kavanagh TA Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Germ-line transmission of lentiviral PGK-EGFP integrants in transgenic cattle: new perspectives for experimental embryology.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we investigated the transmission of LV-PGK-EGFP integrants through the female and male germ line in cattle. A transgenic founder heifer (#562, Kiki) was subjected to superovulation treatment and inseminated with semen from a non-transgenic bull. Embryos were recovered and transferred to synchronized recipient heifers, resulting in the birth of a healthy male transgenic calf expressing EGFP as detected by in vivo imaging. Semen from a transgenic founder bull (#561, Jojo) was used for in vitro fertilization (IVF) of in vitro matured (IVM) oocytes from non-transgenic cows. The rates of cleavage and development ...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 28, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Reichenbach M, Lim T, Reichenbach HD, Guengoer T, Habermann FA, Matthiesen M, Hofmann A, Weber F, Zerbe H, Grupp T, Sinowatz F, Pfeifer A, Wolf E Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Arabidopsis thaliana Rubisco small subunit transit peptide increases the accumulation of Thermotoga maritima endoglucanase Cel5A in chloroplasts of transgenic tobacco plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Over the past decade various approaches have been used to increase the expression level of recombinant proteins in plants. One successful approach has been to target proteins to specific subcellular sites/compartments of plant cells, such as the chloroplast. In the study reported here, hyperthermostable endoglucanase Cel5A was targeted into the chloroplasts of tobacco plants via the N-terminal transit peptide of nuclear-encoded plastid proteins. The expression levels of Cel5A transgenic lines were then determined using three distinct transit peptides, namely, the light-harvesting chlorophyll a/b-binding protein (CAB), ...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 22, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Kim S, Lee DS, Choi IS, Ahn SJ, Kim YH, Bae HJ Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Regulation of the seasonal population patterns of Helicoverpa armigera moths by Bt cotton planting.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transgenic cotton expressing the Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) Cry1Ac toxin has been commercially cultivated in China since 1997, and by 2000 Bt cotton had almost completely replaced non-transgenic cotton cultivars. To evaluate the impact of Bt cotton planting on the seasonal population patterns of cotton bollworm, Helicoverpa armigera, the dynamics of H. armigera moths were monitored with light traps from four locations (Xiajin, Linqing and Dingtao of Shandong Province; Guantao of Hebei Province) in high Bt density region and five locations (Anci and Xinji of Hebei Province; Dancheng and Fengqiu of Henan Province; Gaomi...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 21, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Gao YL, Feng HQ, Wu KM Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Consumption of pasteurized human lysozyme transgenic goats' milk alters serum metabolite profile in young pigs.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objective of this study was to further examine the effect of consuming hLZ-containing milk on young pigs by profiling serum metabolites. Pigs were placed into two groups and fed a diet of solid food and either control (non-transgenic) goats' milk or milk from hLZ-transgenic goats for 6 weeks. Serum samples were collected at the end of the feeding period and global metabolite profiling was performed. For a total of 225 metabolites (160 known, 65 unknown) semi-quantitative data was obtained. Levels of 18 known and 4 unknown metabolites differed significantly between the two groups with the direction of change in 13 of th...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 21, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Brundige DR, Maga EA, Klasing KC, Murray JD Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Fertility comparison between wild type and transgenic mice by in vitro fertilization.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study was designed to determine whether a genetic modification, knock out (KO) or transgenics, not anticipated to affect reproductive performance could affect the resulting reproductive profile of the newly developed transgenic mouse. More specifically, this study is designed to study the impact of the genetic modification on the ability of gametes to be fertilized in vitro. We analyzed the reproductive performance of mice with different background strains: FVB/N, C57BL/6 (129Sv/J x C57Bl/6)F1 and outbred CD1((R)) and compared them to mice of the same strain carrying a transgene or KO which was not anticipated to affe...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 20, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Vasudevan K, Raber J, Sztein J Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

A survey to establish performance standards for the production of transgenic mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The generation of transgenic mice by microinjection of DNA into the pronuclei of fertilized oocytes was described in the early 1980s. A number of parameters affecting the efficiency of the technique were soon identified, including the type of DNA construct, the concentration of DNA being injected, and, most importantly, the strain of mice used for oocyte donors. Since then, hundreds of laboratories and transgenic core facilities across the world have successfully used this technique, essentially as originally described, to create thousands of new transgenic mouse lines. However, the overall procedure continues to be re...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 19, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Fielder TJ, Barrios L, Montoliu L Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Differential effects of human and plant N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI) in plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In plants and animals, the first step in complex type N-glycan formation on glycoproteins is catalyzed by N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase I (GnTI). We show that the cgl1-1 mutant of Arabidopsis, which lacks GnTI activity, is fully complemented by YFP-labeled plant AtGnTI, but only partially complemented by YFP-labeled human HuGnTI and that this is due to post-transcriptional events. In contrast to AtGnTI-YFP, only low levels of HuGnTI-YFP protein was detected in transgenic plants. In protoplast co-transfection experiments all GnTI-YFP fusion proteins co-localized with a Golgi marker protein, but only limited co-localiz...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 13, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Henquet M, Heinhuis B, Borst JW, Eigenhuijsen J, Schreuder M, Bosch D, van der Krol A Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

The 5' untranslated region of the VR-ACS1 mRNA acts as a strong translational enhancer in plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The structure and function of untranslated mRNA leader sequences and their role in controlling gene expression remains poorly understood. Previous research has suggested that the 5' untranslated region (5'UTR) of the Vigna radiata aminocyclopropane-1-carboxylate synthase synthase (VR-ACS1) gene may function as a translational enhancer in plants. To test such hypothesis we compared the translation enhancing properties of three different 5'UTRs; those from the VR-ACS1, the chlorophyll a/b binding gene from petunia (Cab22L; a known translational enhancer) and the Vigna radiata pectinacetylesterase gene (PAE; used as contr...
Source: Transgenic Research - October 8, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wever W, McCallum EJ, Chakravorty D, Cazzonelli CI, Botella JR Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Abstracts from the UC Davis Transgenic Animal Research Conference VII : Granlibakken Conference Center, Tahoe City, California, August 17-21, 2009.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Authors: PMID: 19809883 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transgenic Research)
Source: Transgenic Research - October 6, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Meeting Report: UC Davis Transgenic Animal Research Conference VII : Granlibakken Conference Center, Tahoe City, California, August 17-21, 2009.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19809884 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transgenic Research)
Source: Transgenic Research - October 6, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Houdebine LM Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Tetracycline-dependent expression of the human erythropoietin gene in transgenic chickens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we report successful production of transgenic chickens that express the human erythropoietin (hEPO) gene under the control of a tetracycline-inducible promoter. A recombinant Moloney murine leukemia virus (MoMLV)-based retrovirus vector encapsidated with vesicular stomatitis virus G glycoprotein (VSV-G) was injected beneath the blastoderm of unincubated chicken embryos (stage X). Out of 198 injected eggs, 15 chicks hatched after 21 days of incubation and 14 hatched chicks expressed the vector-encoded hEPO gene when fed doxycycline, a tetracycline derivative, without any significant physiological dysfunctions...
Source: Transgenic Research - September 30, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Koo BC, Kwon MS, Lee H, Kim M, Kim D, Roh JY, Park YY, Cui XS, Kim NH, Byun SJ, Kim T Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Construction of a binary transgenic gene expression system for recombinant protein production in the middle silk gland of the silkworm Bombyx mori.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To construct an efficient system for the production of recombinant proteins in silkworm (Bombyx mori), we investigated the promoter activity of the silkworm sericin 1, 2, and 3 genes (Ser1, Ser2, and Ser3) using a GAL4/UAS binary gene expression system in transgenic silkworm. The promoter activity of the upstream region of Ser1 was strong, yielding high expression of an enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) transgene in the middle and posterior regions of the middle silk gland (MSG) after day 2 of the fifth instar. The Ser3 upstream region exhibited moderate promoter activity in the anterior MSG, but the Ser2 upstr...
Source: Transgenic Research - September 29, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Tatematsu KI, Kobayashi I, Uchino K, Sezutsu H, Iizuka T, Yonemura N, Tamura T Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Ectopic expression of a Chinese cabbage BrARGOS gene in Arabidopsis increases organ size.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Chinese cabbage (Brassica rapa L. ssp. pekinensis) is a common and economically important crop in Asia. Specific targets of plant breeding programs for cabbage have been improvement in yield, resistance to environment stresses, and nutrition quality by means of genetic manipulation. To obtain information on yield improvement applicable for the genetic engineering approach, we have attempted to dissect the molecular pathways that regulate organ size. We first isolated a putative homolog of ARGOS full-length cDNA from Chinese cabbage leaves, which we designated BrARGOS. At the transcription level, BrARGOS was detected in...
Source: Transgenic Research - September 29, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wang B, Zhou X, Xu F, Gao J Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Acquired resistance to the rice blast in transgenic rice accumulating the antimicrobial peptide thanatin.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Thanatin is an antimicrobial peptide with a strong and wide-ranging antimicrobial spectrum, including certain species of fungi and Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. To evaluate the application of thanatin to the generation of disease-resistant plants, we introduced a synthetic thanatin gene into rice. Several transformants that expressed the introduced gene showed significant level of antimicrobial activity. The substances showing antimicrobial activity were partially purified from these transformants and their properties were determined. The molecule with characteristics similar to those of native thanatin on ...
Source: Transgenic Research - September 26, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Imamura T, Yasuda M, Kusano H, Nakashita H, Ohno Y, Kamakura T, Taguchi S, Shimada H Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Characterization of a pollen-preferential gene OSIAGP from rice (Oryza sativa L. subspecies indica) coding for an arabinogalactan protein homologue, and analysis of its promoter activity during pollen development and pollen tube growth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
During differential screening of inflorescence-specific cDNA libraries from Oryza sativa indica, an arabinogalactan protein (OSIAGP) cDNA (586 bp) expressing preferentially in the inflorescence has been isolated. It encodes an arabinogalactan protein of 59 amino acids (6.4 kDa) with a transmembrane domain and a secretory domain at the N terminus. The protein shows homology with AGP23 from Arabidopsis, and its homologue in japonica rice is located on chromosome 6. OSIAGP transcripts also accumulate in shoots and roots of rice seedling grown in the dark, but light represses expression of the gene. Analysis of a genomic c...
Source: Transgenic Research - September 21, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Anand S, Tyagi AK Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Identification of a hybridization window that facilitates sizeable reductions of pollen-mediated gene flow in spring wheat.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transgenic wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) with improved agronomic traits is currently being field-tested. Gene flow in space is well-documented, but isolation in time has not received comparable attention. Here, we report the results of a field experiment that investigated reductions in intraspecific gene flow associated with temporal isolation of flowering between T. aestivum conspecifics. Pollen-mediated gene flow (PMGF) between an imazamox-resistant (IR) volunteer wheat population and a non-IR spring wheat crop was assessed over a range of volunteer emergence timings and plant population densities that collectively pr...
Source: Transgenic Research - September 17, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Willenborg CJ, Brûlé-Babel AL, Van Acker RC Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Problem formulation in the environmental risk assessment for genetically modified plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Problem formulation is the first step in environmental risk assessment (ERA) where policy goals, scope, assessment endpoints, and methodology are distilled to an explicitly stated problem and approach for analysis. The consistency and utility of ERAs for genetically modified (GM) plants can be improved through rigorous problem formulation (PF), producing an analysis plan that describes relevant exposure scenarios and the potential consequences of these scenarios. A properly executed PF assures the relevance of ERA outcomes for decision-making. Adopting a harmonized approach to problem formulation should bring about gre...
Source: Transgenic Research - September 14, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wolt JD, Keese P, Raybould A, Fitzpatrick JW, Burachik M, Gray A, Olin SS, Schiemann J, Sears M, Wu F Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Variegation and silencing in a lentiviral-based murine transgenic model.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we have used a lentiviral delivery system to generate transgenic mice expressing altered levels (up or downregulated) of a gene of interest. Although this lentiviral-based approach led to high levels of transgenesis and germ line transmission, a wide variation in transgene expression was observed in most first and second generation mouse lines. In particular, despite the segregation of integrants into single-copy expressing mouse lines, transgene expression appeared to be the target of epigenetic regulatory mechanism, often causing the coexistence of high and low transgene expressing cells within a given tis...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 22, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Baup D, Fraga L, Pernot E, Van Acker A, Vanherck AS, Breckpot K, Thielemans K, Schurmans S, Moser M, Leo O Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Comparative effects of dietary administered transgenic and conventional papaya on selected intestinal parameters in rat models.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, the effects of long-term, repeated exposure to transgenic papayas carrying the coat protein gene of Papaya ringspot virus and conventional non-transgenic papaya on the histology and selected biochemical parameters of the intestinal tract were compared. For 3 months, male and female Wistar rats received diets containing transgenic or non-transgenic papaya at twice the equivalent of the average daily consumption of fresh papayas. Gross and macroscopic appearance of intestinal tissues, as well as stomach tissues, was comparable (P < 0.05) as were total intestinal bacterial counts and activities of beta-glucu...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 18, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Powell M, Wheatley AO, Omoruyi F, Asemota HN, Williams NP, Tennant PF Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

"What's wrong with my monkey?" Ethical perspectives on germline transgenesis in marmosets.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The birth of the first transgenic primate to have inherited a transgene from its parents opens the possibility to set up transgenic marmoset colonies, as these monkeys are small and relatively easy to keep and breed in research facilities. The prospect of transgenic marmoset models of human disease, readily available in the way that transgenic laboratory mice are currently, prompts excitement in the scientific community; but the idea of monkeys being bred to carry diseases is also contentious. We structure an ethical analysis of the transgenic marmoset case around three questions: whether it is acceptable to use animal...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 18, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Olsson IA, Sandøe P Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Expression of a plant defensin in rice confers resistance to fungal phytopathogens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Transgenic rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Pusa basmati 1), overexpressing the Rs-AFP2 defensin gene from the Raphanus sativus was generated by Agrobacterium tumefaciens-mediated transformation. Expression levels of Rs-AFP2 ranged from 0.45 to 0.53% of total soluble protein in transgenic plants. It was observed that constitutive expression of Rs-AFP2 suppresses the growth of Magnaporthe oryzae and Rhizoctonia solani by 77 and 45%, respectively. No effect on plant morphology was observed in the Rs-AFP2 expressing rice lines. The inhibitory activity of protein extracts prepared from leaves of Rs-AFP2 plants on the in vitro gro...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 18, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Jha S, Chattoo BB Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Altered sucrose metabolism impacts plant biomass production and flower development.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nicotiana tabacum (tobacco) was transformed with three genes involved in sucrose metabolism, UDP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (UGPase, EC 2.7.7.9), sucrose synthase (SuSy, EC 2.4.1.13) and sucrose phosphate synthase (SPS, EC 2.4.1.14). Plants harbouring the single transgenes were subsequently crossed to produce double and triple transgenic lines, including: 2 x 35S::UGPase x SPS, 4CL::UGPase x SPS, 2 x 35S::SuSy x SPS, 4CL::SuSy x SPS, 2 x 35S::UGPase x SuSy x SPS, and 4CL::UGPase x SuSy x SPS. The ultimate aim of the study was to examine whether it is possible to alter cellulose production through the manipulation of suc...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 18, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Coleman HD, Beamish L, Reid A, Park JY, Mansfield SD Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

5th Workshop on innovative mouse models, IMM 2009, June 25-26, Leiden, The Netherlands: a meeting report.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19690977 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transgenic Research)
Source: Transgenic Research - August 18, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: van Roon M Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Critical evaluation of strategies for mineral fortification of staple food crops.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Staple food crops, in particular cereal grains, are poor sources of key mineral nutrients. As a result, the world's poorest people, generally those subsisting on a monotonous cereal diet, are also those most vulnerable to mineral deficiency diseases. Various strategies have been proposed to deal with micronutrient deficiencies including the provision of mineral supplements, the fortification of processed food, the biofortification of crop plants at source with mineral-rich fertilizers and the implementation of breeding programs and genetic engineering approaches to generate mineral-rich varieties of staple crops. This ...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 14, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Gómez-Galera S, Rojas E, Sudhakar D, Zhu C, Pelacho AM, Capell T, Christou P Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Distinct organ-specific up- and down-regulation of IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA in various organs of a GH-overexpressing transgenic Nile tilapia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Several lines of GH-overexpressing fish have been produced and characterized concerning organ integrity, growth, fertility and health but few and contradictory data are available on IGF-I that mediates most effects of GH. Furthermore, nothing is known on IGF-II. Thus, the expression of both IGFs in liver and various extrahepatic sites of adult transgenic (GH-overexpressing) tilapia and age-matched wild-type fish was determined by real-time PCR. Both IGF-I and IGF-II mRNA were found in all organs investigated and were increased in gills, kidney, intestine, heart, testes, skeletal muscle and brain of the transgenics (IGF...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 10, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Eppler E, Berishvili G, Mazel P, Caelers A, Hwang G, Maclean N, Reinecke M Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Production of transgenic tilapia homozygous for a humanized insulin gene.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19669584 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transgenic Research)
Source: Transgenic Research - August 7, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Hrytsenko O, Pohajdak B, Wright JR Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

The role of post-transcriptional RNA processing and plasmid vector sequences on transient transgene expression in zebrafish.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A tissue-specific transgenic model was employed to test the effects of intron and vector sequences on transgene expression in zebrafish after microinjection. In this model, the 2.3 kb promoter taken from the 5' upstream region of the transcription initiation site of keratin 4 (krt4) was used to drive the enhanced green fluorescence protein (EGFP) reporter gene in a transgenic vector. For assaying the strength of EGFP expression, the effects of including an intron before the EGFP coding region or using different forms of DNA, including circular plasmid, linear full-length plasmid, and the linear transgene coding region ...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 6, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Chatterjee S, Min L, Karuturi RK, Lufkin T Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Mutant mouse models of oxidative stress.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Oxidative stress corresponds to an excess in reactive oxygen species (ROS) including free radicals which are highly reactive with cellular constituents. Thereby ROS induce damage to DNA, proteins and lipids, which are all involved in the etiology of numerous pathologies such as cancer. To prevent potential damage, a tight regulation of ROS level is achieved through numerous enzyme systems and small molecules such as glutathione and vitamin C. Mutant mouse models targeting antioxidant enzymes have confirmed their essential role in ROS level control, and have shown a limited redundancy of their activity. Additionally, a ...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 6, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Pouyet L, Carrier A Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Production of recombinant human erythropoietin/Fc fusion protein by genetically manipulated chickens.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We previously reported the production of human erythropoietin (hEpo) using genetically manipulated (GM) chickens. The recombinant hEpo was produced in the serum and egg white of the GM chickens, and the oligosaccharide chain structures of the serum-derived hEpo were more favorable than those of the egg white-derived hEpo. In the present study, a retroviral vector encoding an expression cassette for a fusion protein of hEpo and the Fc region of human immunoglobulin G (hEpo/Fc) was injected into developing chicken embryos, with the aim of recovering the serum-derived hEpo from egg yolk through the yolk accumulation mecha...
Source: Transgenic Research - August 3, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Penno CA, Kawabe Y, Ito A, Kamihira M Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Temporal and spatial distribution of erythropoietin in transgenic tobacco plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Plants have shown promise as bioreactors for the large-scale production of a wide variety of recombinant proteins. To increase the economic feasibility of this technology, numerous molecular approaches have been developed to enhance the production yield of these valuable proteins in plants. Alternatively, we chose to examine the temporal and spatial distribution of erythropoietin (EPO) accumulation during tobacco plant development, in order to establish the optimal harvesting time to further maximize heterologous protein recovery. EPO is used extensively worldwide for the treatment of anaemia and is currently the most ...
Source: Transgenic Research - July 17, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Conley AJ, Jevnikar AM, Menassa R, Brandle JE Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Decomposition dynamics and structural plant components of genetically modified Bt maize leaves do not differ from leaves of conventional hybrids.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cultivation of genetically modified Bt maize has raised environmental concerns, as large amounts of plant residues remain in the field and may negatively impact the soil ecosystem. In a field experiment, decomposition of leaf residues from three genetically modified (two expressing the Cry1Ab, one the Cry3Bb1 protein) and six non-transgenic hybrids (the three corresponding non-transformed near-isolines and three conventional hybrids) was investigated using litterbags. To elucidate the mechanisms that cause differences in plant decomposition, structural plant components (i.e., C:N ratio, lignin, cellulose, hemicellu...
Source: Transgenic Research - July 16, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zurbrügg C, Hönemann L, Meissle M, Romeis J, Nentwig W Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Optimisation of contained Nicotiana tabacum cultivation for the production of recombinant protein pharmaceuticals.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Nicotiana tabacum is emerging as a crop of choice for production of recombinant protein pharmaceuticals. Although there is significant commercial expertise in tobacco farming, different cultivation practices are likely to be needed when the objective is to optimise protein expression, yield and extraction, rather than the traditional focus on biomass and alkaloid production. Moreover, pharmaceutical transgenic tobacco plants are likely to be grown initially within a controlled environment, the parameters for which have yet to be established. Here, the growth characteristics and functional recombinant protein yields for...
Source: Transgenic Research - July 8, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Colgan R, Atkinson CJ, Paul M, Hassan S, Drake PM, Sexton AL, Santa-Cruz S, James D, Hamp K, Gutteridge C, Ma JK Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Mice with podocyte-specific overexpression of wild type alpha-actinin-4 are healthy controls for K256E-alpha-actinin-4 mutant transgenic mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mutations in the gene ACTN4 encoding the actin bundling protein-alpha-actinin-4 underlie an inherited form of kidney lesions known as focal segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). Previously, we developed a model for this condition by generating mice with podocyte-specific overexpression of a disease-causing mutant alpha-actinin-4 (K256E-ACTN4 (pod+)). However, whether alpha-actinin-4 overexpression artifacts and not the gain of affinity effects of the mutation accounted for the robust FSGS phenotype in these mice was unclear. To address this question, we developed a control line of mice with podocyte-specific overexpress...
Source: Transgenic Research - July 7, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Michaud JL, Stitt-Cavanaugh E, Endlich N, Endlich K, De Repentigny Y, Kothary R, Kennedy CR Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Towards the production of high levels of eicosapentaenoic acid in transgenic plants: the effects of different host species, genes and promoters.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, 20:5n-3) plays an important role in many aspects of human health. In our efforts towards producing high levels of EPA in plants, we investigated the effects of different host species, genes and promoters on EPA biosynthesis. Zero-erucic acid Brassica carinata appeared to be an outstanding host species for EPA production, with EPA levels in transgenic seed of this line reaching up to 25%. Two novel genes, an 18-carbon omega3 desaturase (CpDesX) from Claviceps purpurea and a 20-carbon omega3 desaturase (Pir-omega3) from Pythium irregulare, proved to be very effective in increasing EPA levels i...
Source: Transgenic Research - July 6, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Cheng B, Wu G, Vrinten P, Falk K, Bauer J, Qiu X Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

hMan2c1 transgene promotes tumor progress in mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In order to study the biological significance of alpha-mannosidase Man2c1, hMan2c1 transgenic mice were developed. In 113 F0 mice, eight were found to be genomic PCR positive for hMan2c1; 9/20 (45%) F1 mice, 16/21 (76.2%) F2 mice, and 12/14 (85.7%) F3 mice were genomic PCR positive for hMan2c1. RT-PCR demonstrated hMan2c1 mRNA transcription in four of eight transgenic lines. Enzymatic activity on p-nitrophenyl-alpha-D: -mannopyranoside was enhanced in 35# and 54# transgenic mice and real-time RT-PCR showed hMan2c1 mRNA expression in these mice. Reduced Con A binding to splenocytes implied N-glycosylation modification o...
Source: Transgenic Research - July 1, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Xiang ZG, Jiang DD, Liu Y, Zhang LF, Zhu LP Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Isopentenyl transferase gene (ipt) downstream transcriptionally fused with gene expression improves the growth of transgenic plants.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This research reports a promising approach to increase a plant's physiological cytokinin content. This approach also enables the increase to play a role in plant growth and development by introducing the ipt gene to downstream transcriptionally fuse with other genes under the control of a CaMV35S promoter, in which the ipt gene is far from the 35S promoter. According to Kozak's ribosome screening model, expression of the ipt gene is reduced by the terminal codon of the first gene and the internal untranslated nucleotides between the fused genes. In the transgenic plants pVKH35S-GUS-ipt, pVKH35S-AOC-ipt, and pVKH35S-AtG...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 30, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Guo JC, Duan RJ, Hu XW, Li KM, Fu SP Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

A case of "pseudo science"? A study claiming effects of the Cry1Ab protein on larvae of the two-spotted ladybird is reminiscent of the case of the green lacewing.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19565349 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transgenic Research)
Source: Transgenic Research - June 29, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Rauschen S Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Plastid transformation in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We have developed a method for plastid transformation in eggplant (Solanum melongena L.), a solanaceous plant species. Plastid transformation in eggplant was achieved by bombardment of green stem segments with pPRV111A plastid expression vector carrying the aadA gene encoding aminoglycoside 3''-adenylyltransferase. Biolistic delivery of the pPRV111A plasmid yielded transplastomic plants at a frequency of two per 21 bombarded plates containing 25 stem explants each. Integration of the aadA gene in the plastome was verified by PCR analysis and also by Southern blotting using 16S rDNA (targeting sequence) and the aadA gen...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 27, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Singh AK, Verma SS, Bansal KC Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Detailed characterization of Mirafiori lettuce virus-resistant transgenic lettuce.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Lettuce big-vein disease is caused by Mirafiori lettuce virus (MiLV), which is vectored by the soil-borne fungus Olpidium brassicae. A MiLV-resistant transgenic lettuce line was developed through introducing inverted repeats of the MiLV coat protein (CP) gene. Here, a detailed characterization study of this lettuce line was conducted by comparing it with the parental, non-transformed 'Kaiser' cultivar. There were no significant differences between transgenic and non-transgenic lettuce in terms of pollen fertility, pollen dispersal, seed production, seed dispersal, dormancy, germination, growth of seedlings under low or...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 25, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Kawazu Y, Fujiyama R, Noguchi Y, Kubota M, Ito H, Fukuoka H Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Is the German suspension of MON810 maize cultivation scientifically justified?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined the justifications invoked by the German government in April 2009 to suspend the cultivation of the genetically modified maize varieties containing the Bt insect-resistance trait MON810. We have carried out a critical examination of the alleged new data on a potential environmental impact of these varieties, namely two scientific papers describing laboratory force-feeding trials on ladybirds and daphnia, and previous data on Lepidoptera, aquatic and soil organisms. We demonstrate that the suspension is based on an incomplete list of references, ignores the widely admitted case-by-case approach, and confuses pot...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 22, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Ricroch A, Bergé JB, Kuntz M Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Silencing potential of viral derived RNAi constructs in Tomato leaf curl virus-AC4 gene suppression in tomato.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We investigated viral gene suppression in an infected tomato, by transforming it with RNA inhibition (RNAi) constructs derived from same viral gene. To develop RNAi constructs, conserved sequences ranging from 21 to 200 nt of the viral target AC4 gene of various viruses causing the tomato leaf curl disease were chosen. The double-stranded (ds)RNA producing constructs carry the sense and antisense portions of these sequences and are separated by different introns behind a constitutive promoter. We compared the levels of suppression of the viral target gene by transforming four different RNAi constructs with varied arm l...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 22, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Praveen S, Ramesh SV, Mishra AK, Koundal V, Palukaitis P Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Simultaneous in vivo truncation of pectic side chains.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite the wide occurrence of pectin in nature only a few source materials have been used to produce commercial pectins. One of the reasons for this is that many plant species contain pectins with high levels of neutral sugar side chains or that are highly substituted with acetyl or other groups. These modifications often prevent gelation, which has been a major functional requirement of commercial pectins until recently. We have previously shown that modification of pectin is possible through heterologous expression of pectin degrading enzymes in planta. To test the effect of simultaneous modification of the two main...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 20, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Obro J, Borkhardt B, Harholt J, Skjøt M, Willats WG, Ulvskov P Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Spermidine levels are implicated in heavy metal tolerance in a spermidine synthase overexpressing transgenic European pear by exerting antioxidant activities.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To verify whether spermidine synthase (SPDS) can confer long-term multi-heavy metal tolerance, in vitro shoots of a transgenic European pear (Pyrus communis L. 'Ballad') line #32 overexpressing apple SPDS (MdSPDS1), as well as a wild type (WT) line, were subjected to stress using either CdCl(2), PbCl(2), ZnCl(2), or a combination thereof. Based on either shoot height increment or fresh weight and morphological changes upon heavy metal stress, the performance of the transgenic line #32 was better than that of WT. Although SPDS expression levels and spermidine (Spd) contents in line #32 were higher than those in WT, poss...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 19, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wen XP, Ban Y, Inoue H, Matsuda N, Moriguchi T Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

Comparison between volatile emissions from transgenic apples and from two representative classically bred apple cultivars.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
While most risk assessments contrast a transgenic resistant to its isogenic line, an additional comparison between the transgenic line and a classically bred cultivar with the same resistance gene would be highly desirable. Our approach was to compare headspace volatiles of transgenic scab resistant apple plants with two representative cultivars (the isogenic 'Gala' and the scab resistance gene-containing 'Florina'). As modifications in volatile profiles have been shown to alter plant relationships with non-target insects, we analysed headspace volatiles from apple plants subjected to different infection types by gas c...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 18, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Vogler U, Rott AS, Gessler C, Dorn S Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals

New and highly efficient expression systems for expressing selectively foreign protein in the silk glands of transgenic silkworm.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We constructed three different fibroin H-chain expression systems to estimate the efficacy of producing recombinant proteins in the cocoon of transgenic silkworms. The results showed that the three different EGFP/H-chain fusion genes were all expressed selectively in the posterior silk gland of the transgenic silkworm. The recombinant protein content of transgenic silkworm cocoons is up to 15% (w/w) when using the most highly efficient H-chain expression system. To our knowledge, in comparison with silkworm silk gland expression systems in the literature, the highly efficient expression system developed in this study i...
Source: Transgenic Research - June 16, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Zhao A, Zhao T, Zhang Y, Xia Q, Lu C, Zhou Z, Xiang Z, Nakagaki M Tags: Transgenic Res Source Type: journals