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Activation of NFkB and coagulation in lung injury by hyperoxia and excessive mechanical ventilation: one more reason "low and slow" is the way to go?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19840762 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Jacobson JR, Birukov KG Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

gammadelta T cells and Th17 cytokines in hypersensitivity pneumonitis and lung fibrosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hypersensitivity pneumonitis (HP) is an inflammatory lung disease caused by the repeated inhalation of aerosolized antigens. With chronic exposure to an inhaled antigen, patients are at risk of developing irreversible pulmonary fibrosis as well as an increased morbidity and mortality. Although alphabeta T cells have been shown to be important in the pathogenesis of HP, gammadelta T cells also accumulate in the bronchoalveolar lavage of patients with HP. gammadelta T cells represent a distinct lymphocyte subset, whose primary function is not well understood. In contrast to alphabeta T cells, gammadelta T cells recognize...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Simonian PL, Roark CL, Born WK, O'Brien RL, Fontenot AP Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Role for nuclear factor-kappaB in augmented lung injury because of interaction between hyperoxia and high stretch ventilation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
High-tidal-volume mechanical ventilation and hyperoxia used in patients with acute lung injury (ALI) can induce alveolar coagulopathy and fibrin depositions within the airways. Hyperoxia has been shown to increase ventilator-induced lung injury (VILI), but the mechanisms that regulate interaction between high-tidal-volume mechanical ventilation and hyperoxia are unclear. We hypothesized that mechanical stretch with hyperoxia synergistically augmented neutrophil infiltration and production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) via the nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) pathway. C57BL/6 mice (n=5 per group) were ex...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Liu YY, Liao SK, Huang CC, Tsai YH, Quinn DA, Li LF Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Effects of etanercept on sodium taurocholate-induced acute pancreatitis in rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we examined the effects of etanercept (ETA) on experimentally induced pancreatitis. Acute pancreatitis was induced with Na taurocholate. ETA was simultaneously administered to treatment groups. Serum amylase and lipase activity, pancreatic histopathology, apoptosis, malondialdehyde (MDA), and myeloperoxidase enzyme activity (MPO) were assessed. Although rats in the groups 1, 2, and 3 were sacrificed 24h later, groups 4, 5, and 6 were sacrificed 5 days later. ETA treatment significantly decreased serum amylase activity (nontreated, 2636.16+/-191.94; treated, 1898.71+/-262.53; control, 506.28+/-17.31 U/L, P<...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Yilmaz M, Topsakal S, Herek O, Ozmen O, Sahinduran S, Buyukoglu T, Yonetci N Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Gender differences in correlates of troponin assay in diagnosis of myocardial infarction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study set out to assess the accuracy and correlates of the cardiac troponin I (cTnI) assay in the diagnosis of non-ST-segment elevation MI, to determine how the assay accuracy and correlates vary by gender, and to explore the interaction between factors that may influence cTnI accuracy and affect gender differences in diagnosis. The data were obtained from the CHECKMATE study. It included 924 patients with possible myocardial ischemia excluding subjects with ST-segment elevation. The Dade-Behring Stratus CS STAT near-patient instrument (Dade Behring, Inc, Newark, Del) was used to measure cTnI. We assessed baseline tro...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Shoaibi A, Tavris DR, McNulty S Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Interactive association of heat shock protein 70 genes variants with natural longevity in Xinjiang Hetian Uygur ethnicity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mounting evidence suggests that all organisms at the cellular level respond to stress by synthesizing heat shock proteins at the expense of other proteins, and the ability of human cells to respond to heat stress decreases with aging. We thus investigate the association of 3 variants (A1267G in HSPA1B, G190C in HSPA1A, and T2437C in HSPA1L) in the heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) family with natural longevity in a Xinjiang Hetian Uygur population. A case-control study was conducted in 191 healthy individuals greater than 90 years of age, and 53 naturally died persons 65-70 years of age. Promoter activity was evaluated by ...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Li J, Niu W, Qi Y, Mayila W, Zhu P, Muhuyati , Cheng Z, Qiu C Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Relationship between sex hormones and idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias in adult male patients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study investigated the relationship between sex hormones and idiopathic outflow tract ventricular arrhythmias (IOTVA) in adult male patients. Serum sex hormonal levels, which include testosterone, estradiol, and progestogen, were measured by using commercially prepared immunoassay kits. The average count of premature ventricular contractions (PVCs) (number/24h) was assessed by 72h electrocardiographic monitoring. No differences were found in the levels of testosterone and progestogen between the IOTVA male patients and the control males (both P>0.05). However, the level of estradiol in the IOTVA male patients was s...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - October 21, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Hu X, Jiang H, Xu C, Zhou X, Cui B, Lu Z Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Genome-wide association studies: hypothesis-"free" or "engaged"?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The advent of the first wave of genome-wide association studies (GWAS) provided a new conceptual framework in the search for variants underlying common disorders: a massive scan of the genome, free from underlying assumptions for biological or positional candidate loci, genes, and variants. Thus, GWAS have been labeled as a "hypothesis-free" or "agnostic" approach, overcoming the obstacles imposed by the incomplete understanding of disease pathophysiology. Despite undisputable successes of the genome-wide approach, the available output from GWAS explains only a fraction of disease heritability. Although strategies for ...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Kitsios GD, Zintzaras E Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Targeting the airway smooth muscle for asthma treatment.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Asthma is a complex respiratory disease whose incidence has increased worldwide in the last decade. Currently there is no cure for asthma. Although bronchodilator and anti-inflammatory medications are effective medicines in some asthmatic patients, it is clear that an unmet therapeutic need persists for a subpopulation of individuals with severe asthma. This chronic lung disease is characterized by airflow limitation, lung inflammation, and remodeling that includes increased airway smooth muscle (ASM) mass. In addition to its contractile properties, the ASM also contributes to the inflammatory process by producing acti...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Camoretti-Mercado B Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Anemia is associated with an elevated serum level of high-molecular-weight adiponectin in patients with type 2 diabetes independently of renal dysfunction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, anemia is associated with marked elevation of serum HMW adiponectin levels in diabetic patients who have CKD, and this elevation is independent of renal function. PMID: 19766961 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Aso Y, Suganuma R, Wakabayashi S, Hara K, Nakano T, Suetsugu M, Matsumoto S, Nakamachi T, Takebayashi K, Morita K, Inukai T Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Upregulation of intermediate calcium-activated potassium channels counterbalance the impaired endothelium-dependent vasodilation in stroke-prone spontaneously hypertensive rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, IK(Ca) channel upregulation, via decreased REST, seems to compensate deficient activity of SK(Ca) channels in the vasculature of spontaneously hypertensive rats. PMID: 19766962 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Giachini FR, Carneiro FS, Lima VV, Carneiro ZN, Dorrance A, Webb RC, Tostes RC Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Serum levels of hyaluronic acid and tissue metalloproteinase inhibitor-1 combined with age predict the presence of nonalcoholic steatohepatitis in a pilot cohort of subjects with nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hyaluronic acid (HA) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 1 (TIMP-1) are reliable markers of liver fibrosis and are closely linked to the proinflammatory status. In this pilot cohort study, we attempted to identify a clinical score that would predict the severity of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) based on clinical variables and serum markers of fibrosis and inflammation. The cohort included 46 patients with histologically confirmed NAFLD (76.1% male; mean age, 43+/-13 years; mean body mass index [BMI], 27.8+/-3.5). Serum transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta), HA, TIMP, and matrix metalloproteinase (...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Miele L, Forgione A, La Torre G, Vero V, Cefalo C, Racco S, Vellone VG, Vecchio FM, Gasbarrini G, Rapaccini GL, Neuman MG, Grieco A Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Iron sufficient to cause hepatic fibrosis and ascites does not cause cardiac arrhythmias in the gerbil.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Chronic iron overload associated with hereditary hemochromatosis or repeated red cell transfusions is known to cause cardiac failure. Cardiac arrhythmias have been incidentally noted in patients with iron overload, but they are often dismissed as being related to comorbid conditions. Studies with anesthetized iron-loaded gerbils using short recordings suggest a role for iron in the development of arrhythmias. Our goal was to characterize iron-induced arrhythmias in the chronically instrumented, untethered, telemetered gerbil. Electrocardiograms were recorded for 10 s every 30 min for approximately 6 months in iron-load...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Kaiser L, Davis JM, Patterson J, Johnson AL, Bohart G, Olivier NB, Schwartz KA Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Cerebrospinal fluid lactate dehydrogenase isoenzymes in children with bacterial and aseptic meningitis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the LDH isoenzyme pattern may be of clinical diagnostic value in meningitis, particularly when culture results are pending. PMID: 19766965 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 24, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Nussinovitch M, Finkelstein Y, Elishkevitz KP, Volovitz B, Harel D, Klinger G, Razon Y, Nussinovitch U, Nussinovitch N Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Use of spirometry in the diagnosis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease and efforts to improve quality of care.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by airflow limitation that is not fully reversible. In a patient presenting with respiratory symptoms and risk factors, the recommendation is to perform spirometry to determine the presence of airflow obstruction. However, only about a third of patients with a diagnosis of COPD have spirometry along with their diagnosis, although studies have shown that history and physical examination alone are neither sensitive nor specific for diagnosing COPD. Thus, in current practice, many health care providers continue to diagnose and manage COPD without an accurate di...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 12, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Joo MJ, Au DH, Lee TA Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Oxidative stress and metabolic changes after continuous positive airway pressure treatment according to previous metabolic disorders in sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome patients.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, oxidative stress markers improved significantly after CPAP treatment in SAHS patients, especially in the nondyslipidemic and hypertensive patients. Moreover, the blood pressure decreased after CPAP treatment, particularly in the obese, nondyslipidemic, and hypertensive patients. No significant change in IR was found in any of the SAHS patients after CPAP treatment. PMID: 19665687 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 12, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Murri M, Alcázar-Ramírez J, Garrido-Sánchez L, Linde F, Alcaide J, Cardona F, Tinahones FJ Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

In vitro hepatic differentiation of human bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells under differential exposure to liver-specific factors.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Recent findings demonstrated that stem cells could be harvested from a patient and used to repair his or her own damaged liver. Additionally, stem cells may be manipulated in vitro to induce hepatic differentiation. The current study aims to determine the differentiation efficacy of various liver-specific factors (hepatocyte growth factor, Insulin-Transferrin-Selenium, dexamethasone, and nicotinamide) used for stem cell differentiation into hepatocyte-like cells. Human mesenchymal stem cells were exposed to different media containing these compounds added individually or in various combinations. Hepatic differentiation...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 12, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Chivu M, Dima SO, Stancu CI, Dobrea C, Uscatescu V, Necula LG, Bleotu C, Tanase C, Albulescu R, Ardeleanu C, Popescu I Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Association between sequence variant of c.553 G > T in the apolipoprotein A5 gene and metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and carotid atherosclerosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Association between sequence variant of c.553 G > T in the apolipoprotein A5 gene and metabolic syndrome, insulin resistance, and carotid atherosclerosis. Transl Res. 2009 Sep;154(3):133-141 Authors: Chien KL, Hsu HC, Chen YC, Su TC, Lee YT, Chen MF Common polymorphism of the apolipoprotein A5 gene (APOA5, c.553G>T) related to metabolic syndrome components, insulin resistance, and carotid atherosclerosis remains unclear. We investigated the associations of the APOA5 c.553G>T gene with various metabolic syndrome components and carotid artery atherosclerosis among family members. A total of 661 participa...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 12, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Chien KL, Hsu HC, Chen YC, Su TC, Lee YT, Chen MF Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

AT(1) receptor blockers increase insulin-like growth factor-I production by stimulating sensory neurons in spontaneously hypertensive rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We examined this possibility in the current study, using the ARBs olmesartan, valsartan, losartan, and telmisartan. Plasma, renal, and cardiac levels of CGRP and IGF-I in SHRs were significantly lower than those in normotensive Wistar Kyoto rats (WKYs) (P < 0.01), which increased to levels found in WKYs after the administration of ARBs. These ARB-induced increases in SHRs were completely reversed by pretreatment with capsazepine (CPZ), which is a specific vanilloid receptor-1 (VR-1) antagonist. The mean arterial blood pressure (MABP) was decreased after administration of ARBs in SHRs, and those decreases were reversed b...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 12, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Harada N, Shimozawa N, Okajima K Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Pyrithione and 8-hydroxyquinolines transport lead across erythrocyte membranes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Acute and chronic lead poisoning remains a significant health problem. Although chelating agents can bind to plasma lead, they cannot cross cell membranes where the total body lead burden resides, and are thus inefficient at reducing the total body lead burden. Recently, calcium and sodium ionophores have been shown to transport lead across cell membranes providing a novel method for reducing total body lead stores. We recently found that clioquinol, an 8-hydroxyquinoline derivative, can act as a zinc ionophore. We postulated that zinc ionophores might also be able to transport lead across biological membranes. To stud...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - August 12, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Lind SE, Park JS, Drexler JW Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

The Central Society for Clinical Research: past, present, and future.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19595435 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - July 16, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Hoit BD Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Fat storage and the biology of energy expenditure.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Excessive adiposity results from an imbalance in energy homeostasis, whereby the consequences of excessive food intake are not balanced by increased energy expenditure. The increasing prevalence of excessive adiposity now involves more than 1 billion individuals worldwide. Of these, one half is obese and susceptible to comorbidities such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, hyperlipidemia, and hypertension, which accelerate atherosclerosis. Lifestyle changes that have resulted largely in decreased physical activity now require a greater understanding of energy use that may allow better strategies for obesity control...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - July 16, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Redinger RN Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Premature vascular damage in systemic lupus erythematosus: an imbalance of damage and repair?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is associated with an increase in the risk of premature cardiovascular complications caused by accelerated atherosclerosis, which significantly contributes to morbidity and mortality. Standard Framingham risk factors seem to be less important predictors of cardiovascular events than the presence of active SLE, and the immune dysregulation characteristic of lupus seems to play a dominant role in atherogenesis. Although both SLE-specific and nonspecific mechanisms have been proposed to play a prominent role in the induction of premature vascular damage in this disease, the exact etiolog...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - July 16, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Kaplan MJ Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Treatment of Wilson's disease with tetrathiomolybdate: V. control of free copper by tetrathiomolybdate and a comparison with trientine.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
It has become clear that serum "free" copper (the copper not bound to ceruloplasmin in the blood) is the copper causing copper toxicity in Wilson's disease. But up until now, free copper has not been closely followed during initiation of anticopper therapy in neurologically presenting patients. During this period of initial therapy, the future fate of these patients hangs in the balance-if they worsen neurologically as often happens with penicillamine or trientine therapy, many never recover. We hypothesize that free copper levels are a biological marker of clinical outcome in these patients. In this article, we evalua...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - July 16, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Brewer GJ, Askari F, Dick RB, Sitterly J, Fink JK, Carlson M, Kluin KJ, Lorincz MT Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Association of medical noncompliance and long-term adverse outcomes, after myocardial infarction in a minority and uninsured population.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The association of noncompliance with evidence-based medical therapies after myocardial infarction (MI) on long-term outcomes is not well recognized in minority and uninsured populations. Consecutive MI patients at a large urban hospital were followed for compliance with evidence-based medications (aspirin, clopidogrel, statins, beta blockers, and angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors [ACEIs]/angiotensin receptor blockers [ARBs]). Noncompliance was defined as proportion of days covered</=80%. The outcome was combined mortality and MI. Kaplan-Meier analyses were used to explore the impact of noncompliance>/=4 m...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - July 16, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Amin AP, Mukhopadhyay E, Nathan S, Napan S, Kelly RF Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Stimulation of sensory neurons improves cognitive function by promoting the hippocampal production of insulin-like growth factor-I in mice.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) increases the production of insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) in the mouse brain. IGF-I exerts beneficial effects on the cognitive function by increasing synaptic transmission and by inducing angiogenesis and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. In the current study, we examined whether stimulation of sensory neurons by capsaicin improved the cognitive function by increasing the production of IGF-I in the hippocampus using wild-type (WT) and CGRP-knockout (CGRP-/-) mice. Significant increases of the hippocampal tissue levels of CGRP, IGF-I, and IGF-I messenger RNA (mRNA) were obser...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - July 16, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Harada N, Narimatsu N, Kurihara H, Nakagata N, Okajima K Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Relaxin and its role in the development and treatment of fibrosis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Relaxin, which is a peptide hormone of the insulin superfamily, is involved in the promotion of extracellular matrix remodeling. This property is responsible for many well-known reproductive functions of relaxin. Recent important findings, including the identification of the relaxin receptor and the development of the relaxin-null mouse, have identified new targets and mechanisms for relaxin's actions, which resulted in unprecedented advances in the field. Relaxin has emerged as a natural suppressor of age-related fibrosis in many tissues, which include the skin, lung, kidney, and heart. Furthermore, relaxin has shown ...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - June 27, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Bennett RG Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Tuberculosis and host metabolism: ancient associations, fresh insights.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Epidemiologic studies have repeatedly identified malnutrition as a risk factor for tuberculosis (TB), which is the leading bacterial cause of deaths worldwide. The biologic basis for this association, however, remains unclear. Recent work has uncovered a large array of signaling molecules lying at the intersection of metabolic and immune signaling, among which nuclear hormone receptors (NHRs) and the insulin receptor have emerged as 2 prototypic examples. Existing knowledge indicates that the physiologic functions of many NHRs overlap with known epidemiologic risk factors for TB and that diabetes, itself, predisposes t...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - June 27, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Blumenthal A, Isovski F, Rhee KY Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Estimation of red blood cell lifespan from alveolar carbon monoxide measurements.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Measurement of alveolar carbon monoxide (CO) presents a facile technique to estimate the lifespan, L, of red blood cells (RBCs) in vivo. Several recent studies employ this technique and calculate L (in days) using the expression, L=13.8 [Hb]/P(CO)(end), where [Hb] is the concentration (in g/dL) of hemoglobin in blood, and P(CO)(end) is the endogenous production of CO (in ppm). Implicit in this calculation is the assumption that the fraction, f, of endogenous CO production due to RBC turnover is a constant equal to 0.7, which yields the expected RBC lifespan, L approximately 120 days, in normal controls. In anemic patie...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - June 27, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Krishnan SM, Dixit NM Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Induction of chemokine expression by adiponectin in vitro is isoform dependent.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Adiponectin is reported to have both proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory effects. Because adiponectin circulates in isoforms of various sizes and some responses to adiponectin are isoform dependent, it was postulated that the proinflammatory effects of adiponectin may be isoform specific. To test this theory, peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), microvascular endothelial cells (MVECs), and human glomerular mesangial cells (HMCs) were treated with high-molecular-weight (HMW) or low-molecular-weight (LMW) recombinant human adiponectin, and chemokine production was measured. The PBMCs were isolated from healthy v...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - June 27, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Song H, Chan J, Rovin BH Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Stimulation of CCL2 (MCP-1) and CCL2 mRNA by substance P in LAD2 human mast cells.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we determined the expression and secretion of CCL2/MCP-1 from SP-activated LAD2 human mast cells in vitro. The levels of CCL2/MCP-1 from SP-activated LAD2 human mast cells were higher at 10 muM and at 18 h incubation compared with controls. This effect was also revealed on CCL2/MCP-1 messenger RNA (mRNA) expression, as determined by reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis. Our data suggest that SP is an important neurotransmitter that can stimulate the chemokine CCL2, which plays a fundamental role in inflammation by recruiting inflammatory cells to specific cites. PMID: 1952487...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - June 27, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Castellani ML, Vecchiet J, Salini V, Conti P, Theoharides TC, Caraffa A, Antinolfi P, Teté S, Ciampoli C, Cuccurullo C, Cerulli G, Felaco M, Boscolo P Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Early evaluation of acute traumatic coagulopathy by thrombelastography.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Posttraumatic coagulopathy is a major cause of morbidity. This prospective study evaluated the thrombelastography (TEG) system and PlateletMapping (Haemoscope Corporation, Niles, Ill) values posttrauma, and it correlated those values with transfusions and fatalities. After institutional review board approval, assays were performed on 161 trauma patients. One citrated blood sample was collected onsite (OS), and 1 citrate and 1 heparinized sample were collected within 1 h of arrival to the emergency department (ED). Paired and unpaired t-testing was performed for nominal data with chi square testing for categorical value...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - June 27, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Carroll RC, Craft RM, Langdon RJ, Clanton CR, Snider CC, Wellons DD, Dakin PA, Lawson CM, Enderson BL, Kurek SJ Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Patterns of Nogo-A, NgR, and RhoA expression in the brain tissues of rats with focal cerebral infarction.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the upregulation of Nogo-A, NgR, and RhoA in the infarction area may be an important feature of cerebral infarction and may play a role in the pathologic progression of this lesion. PMID: 19524873 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - June 27, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Jiang W, Xia F, Han J, Wang J Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

In search of the magic bullet.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
PMID: 19446278 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - May 31, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Dragnev KH Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Role of endothelin-1 in acute lung injury.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The alveolar-capillary membrane serves as a barrier that prevents the accumulation of fluid in the alveolar space and restricts the diffusion of large solutes while facilitating an efficient gas exchange. When this barrier becomes dysfunctional, patients develop acute lung injury (ALI), which is characterized by pulmonary edema and increased lung inflammation that leads to a life-threatening impairment of gas exchange. In addition to the increase of inflammatory cytokines, plasma levels of endothelin-1 (ET-1), which is a primarily endothelium-derived vasoconstrictor, are increased in patients with ALI. As patients reco...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - May 31, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Comellas AP, Briva A Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Low-dose aspirin has no impact on systemic level of serine protease inhibitors in healthy volunteers.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Low-dose aspirin (100 mg/day) was recently found to increase serum levels of alpha-1 protease inhibitor (A1-PI). Here, we studied the serum levels of 2 major serine protease inhibitors, A1-PI and serine leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI), in 10 Helicobacter pylorinegative healthy volunteers (HVs) treated with low-dose aspirin alone and in combination with other drugs.(1) Neither the treatment with low-dose aspirin alone or in combination altered serum levels of both serine protease inhibitors. The previously described increase of A1-PI levels by low-dose aspirin was most likely caused by multiple endoscopies within a ...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - May 31, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Wex T, Treiber G, Link A, Wex H, Malfertheiner P Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Novel insulin-like growth factor-methotrexate covalent conjugate inhibits tumor growth in vivo at lower dosage than methotrexate alone.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report here the development of a novel covalent conjugate that contains the antifolate drug methotrexate coupled to an engineered variant of insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1), long-R3-IGF-1, which was designed to target methotrexate to tumor cells that overexpress the membrane IGF-1 receptor. The IGF-methotrexate conjugate was found to contain at least 4 methotrexate molecules per IGF-1 protein. The IGF-methotrexate conjugate bound to MCF7 breast cancer cells with greater than 3.3-fold higher affinity than unconjugated long-R3-IGF-1 in a competition binding assay against radiolabeled wild-type IGF-1. Compared with fr...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - May 31, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: McTavish H, Griffin RJ, Terai K, Dudek AZ Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Effect of heme oxygenase-1 on the kidney during septic shock in rats.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to clarify the effect of heme oxygenase (HO)-1 on the kidney during septic shock in rats. Eighty healthy and clean Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (group C) , septic shock group (group SS) , lipopolysaccharide plus ZnPP-IX group (group LZ) , and ZnPP-IX (group Z) . The plasma levels of COHb, Cr, and BUN; the urine levels of gamma-GTP, alpha1-MG, RBP, and NAG; and MDA content, SOD activity; HO-1mRNA; HO-2mRNA; HO-1 protein; and HO-2 protein from kidney were measured. The plasma levels of Cr and BUN; the urine levels of gamma-GTP, alpha1-MG, RBP, and NAG; a...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - May 31, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Yu JB, Zhou F, Yao SL, Tang ZH, Wang M, Chen HR Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Lipid profile and inflammatory markers associated with estrogen receptor alpha PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, our data demonstrate that ESR1 PvuII and XbaI gene polymorphisms did not seem to have an effect on lipoprotein metabolism or on inflammatory variables such as CRP. PMID: 19446283 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - May 31, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Boroumand M, Ghaedi M, Mohammadtaghvaei N, Pourgholi L, Anvari MS, Davoodi G, Amirzadegan A, Saadat S, Sheikhfathollahi M, Goodarzynejad H Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Effect of abdominal surgery on the intestinal absorption of lipophilic drugs: possible role of the lymphatic transport.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, abdominal surgery can significantly affect the intestinal absorption of lipophilic drugs; however, intestinal lymphatic transport seems to be less affected by the abdominal surgery. PMID: 19446284 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - May 31, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Gershkovich P, Itin C, Yacovan A, Amselem S, Hoffman A Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Intra-articular botulinum toxin A for refractory shoulder pain: a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We compared the short-term efficacy and safety of intra-articular (IA) botulinum toxin A (BoNT/A) to IA-placebo in patients with chronic, refractory shoulder joint pain. Forty-three shoulder joints in patients with moderate-to-severe shoulder arthritis pain were randomized to receive (1) 100 units IA-BoNT/A + lidocaine or (2) IA-saline + lidocaine. The following outcomes were compared using analysis of covariance: (1) primary: change in pain severity on a visual analog scale at 1 month (VAS, 0 cm to 10 cm); (2) secondary: Shoulder Pain and Disability Index (SPADI) disability subscale, quality of life on short-form (SF)...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - April 30, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Singh JA, Mahowald ML, Noorbaloochi S Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Atherogenic dyslipidemia and oxidative stress: a new look.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although results from in vitro studies and clinical trials demonstrate strong associations between oxidative stress and cardiovascular risk, to date still no convincing data are available to suggest that treatment with antioxidants might reduce vascular events. Oxidative modifications of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) represent an early stage of atherosclerosis, and small, dense LDL are more susceptible to oxidation than larger, more buoyant particles. Oxidized LDL are independent predictors of subclinical and clinical atherosclerosis. Recent studies suggested that novel therapeutic strategies may take into account the...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - April 30, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Rizzo M, Kotur-Stevuljevic J, Berneis K, Spinas G, Rini GB, Jelic-Ivanovic Z, Spasojevic-Kalimanovska V, Vekic J Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Reversible blockade of electron transport with amobarbital at the onset of reperfusion attenuates cardiac injury.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Mitochondrial dysfunction contributes to myocardial injury during ischemia and reperfusion. Ischemia damages the mitochondrial electron transport chain. Therapeutic intervention during early reperfusion decreases cardiac injury, which suggests that myocardial injury can be attenuated even though mitochondria were already damaged during the preceding ischemia. Our previous study shows that amobarbital given only before ischemia prevents ischemic damage to the electron transport chain and decreases infarct size measured during reperfusion in Langendorff-perfused Fischer 344 rat hearts. In the current study, amobarbital w...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - April 30, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Stewart S, Lesnefsky EJ, Chen Q Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Dual gene transfer of fibroblast growth factor-2 and platelet derived growth factor-BB using plasmid deoxyribonucleic acid promotes effective angiogenesis and arteriogenesis in a rodent model of hindlimb ischemia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, the dual gene transfer of FGF-2 and PDGF-BB using nonviral vectors is safe and effective in promoting the formation of a functional vascular network in a rodent model of hindlimb ischemia. PMID: 19375684 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine)
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - April 30, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: de Paula EV, Flores-Nascimento MC, Arruda VR, Garcia RA, Ramos CD, Guillaumon AT, Annichino-Bizzacchi JM Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 and gelatinase expression in human peritoneal mesothelial cells during propagation in culture.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study aims to characterize 2 particular cellular activities relevant for tissue repair, which include the expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and the gelatinase activity; in addition, this study will assess the effect of hyaluronan, which is an antiadhesive agent, on these cellular activities. Viable cell lines were established from both omentum and peritoneal lavage fluid from 7 patients. Both ICAM-1 expression, which was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) bioactivity, which was measured by zymography, were measured in the 2nd and 4th passage...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - April 30, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Sikkink CJ, Reijnen MM, Duffhues BA, de Man BM, Lomme RM, van Goor H Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Acute effects of peritoneal dialysis solutions in the mesenteric microcirculation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Long-term peritoneal dialysis induces morphological changes that may lead to gradual functional impairment of the peritoneal membrane. These changes are characterized by progressive reduction in solute transport or ultrafiltration failure. The mechanism of the peritoneal response to dialysis fluids has not yet been fully elucidated. We used video-microscopy for in vivo evaluation of microhemodynamics and peritoneal microvascular inflammatory response, after a single intraperitoneal exposure of rats to commercial PD fluids: (1) glucose 1.5 % PD solution; (2) lactate buffered glucose 4.25% PD solution; (3) Icodextrin 7%;...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - April 30, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Frajewicki V, Brod V, Kushnir D, Kohan R, Bitterman H Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Rate of progression in Alzheimer's disease correlates with coated-platelet levels-a longitudinal study.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Coated-platelets represent a subset of platelets produced by activation with both collagen and thrombin that retain full-length amyloid precursor protein on their surface. In our initial cross-sectional study, coated-platelet levels correlated inversely with disease severity in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Higher levels were observed in the early stage compared with the advanced stage of the disease. In this longitudinal study, we investigated for the first time the relationship between initial coated-platelet levels and disease progression in individuals with AD. Coated-platelet levels were assayed in 25 patients with AD...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 1, 2008 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Prodan CI, Ross ED, Vincent AS, Dale GL Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Infrared spectroscopy: a reagent-free method to distinguish Alzheimer's disease patients from normal-aging subjects.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The physiopathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) is related to various biochemical mechanisms that may be reflected by changes in plasma components. In the current study, Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy was used to identify these biochemical variations by monitoring spectral differences in the plasma of 40 AD patients compared with those of 112 control subjects. A hierarchical classification in the whole mid-infrared region allowed a clear separation between AD and controls (C) that was optimized by using a restricted spectral range (1480-1428 cm(-1)). Spectral changes confirmed vibration differences ...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 1, 2008 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Peuchant E, Richard-Harston S, Bourdel-Marchasson I, Dartigues JF, Letenneur L, Barberger-Gateau P, Arnaud-Dabernat S, Daniel JY Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

ApoB/ApoA-I ratio in young patients with ischemic cerebral stroke or peripheral arterial disease.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although smoking and hypertension are classic risk factors for atherothrombotic diseases, the relationship of dyslipidemia and vascular diseases, other than myocardial infarction, is less clearly established, especially in young subjects. In the current study, a detailed analysis of the lipid and apolipoprotein profiles was conducted in young patients of ischemic cerebral stroke (IS) and peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Plasma levels of C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), total cholesterol (TC), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc), triglycerides (TG), and apolipoproteins A...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 1, 2008 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Sabino AP, De Oliveira Sousa M, Lima LM, Ribeiro DD, Dusse LM, Carvalho MD, Fernandes AP Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals

Gene expression profiles of cardiomyocytes in rat autoimmune myocarditis by DNA microarray and increase of regenerating gene family.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, we performed a DNA microarray analysis by using cardiomyocytes from rat experimental autoimmune myocarditis (EAM). On day 0, rats were immunized with porcine cardiac myosin and cardiomyocytes were isolated and purified from EAM hearts and normal hearts by a method that is hardly thought to change gene expressions in cardiomyocytes. RNA from normal cardiomyocytes and cardiomyocytes of EAM on day 18 was analyzed for 7711 gene expressions by DNA microarray. Some gene expressions showed over 10-fold changes. In particular, the regenerated gene (Reg)2/pancreatitis-associated protein (PAP)1 messenger RNA (mRNA) le...
Source: Translational Research : the journal of laboratory and clinical medicine - September 1, 2008 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: Watanabe R, Hanawa H, Yoshida T, Ito M, Isoda M, Chang H, Toba K, Yoshida K, Kojima M, Otaki K, Ding L, Hao K, Kato K, Kodama M, Aizawa Y Tags: Transl Res Source Type: journals