Fixed dose combinations of anti ‐tubercular, antimalarial and antiretroviral medicines on the Indian market: critical analysis of ubiquity, sales and regulatory status
ConclusionA large proportion of FDC formulations available in India has never been approved by CDSCO, hence raising the doubts about their safety and efficacy. An opaque regulatory framework and ambiguity over licensing powers have contributed to the problem. The rationality of unapproved FDCs should be reviewed and irrational formulations should be banned. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 26, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Virendra S. Ligade, Tanmay M. Thakar, Swapnil J. Dengale Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Prices, availability and affordability of insulin products: a cross ‐sectional survey in Shaanxi Province, western China
ConclusionsAlthough availability of insulin products was high in public general hospitals and private retail pharmacies, their high price made them unaffordable to diabetes patients, especially low ‐income patients. The government should increase insurance compensation for those who need these life‐saving medicines or decrease the cost of insulin products through negotiation with suppliers. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 23, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Zongjie Li, Qinqin Feng, John Alimamy Kabba, Caijun Yang, Jie Chang, Minghuan Jiang, Mingyue Zhao, Jiale Yu, Sen Xu, Qian Li, Panpan Zhai, Yu Fang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Disparities in out ‐of‐pocket inpatient expenditures in rural Shaanxi Province, western China from 2011 to 2014: a time series analysis
ConclusionsA statistically significant absolute increase in the trend of disparities of OOP and AIE at all levels of hospital was detected after the new healthcare reform in Shaanxi Province, western China. The increase rate of disparity of OOP was bigger than that of AIE. A modified health insurance plan should be proposed to guarantee equity in the future.AbstractObjectifsEtudier la tendance à long terme de la disparité dans les dépenses directes de la poche (DDP) moyennes mensuelles des patients hospitalisés entre les régions ayant des niveaux de développement différents depuis la nouvelle réforme des soins de s...
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 23, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Caijun Yang, Wenfang Cai, Zongjie Li, Yu Fang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Narrative review of methods and findings of recent studies on the carriage of meningococci and other Neisseria species in the African Meningitis Belt
ConclusionsRecent studies employing standardised methods confirm the findings of older studies that carriage ofN. meningitidis in the African meningitis belt is highly variable over time and place, but generally occurs with a lower prevalence and shorter duration than reported from industrialised countries.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 21, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Brian M. Greenwood, Abraham Aseffa, Dominique A. Caugant, Kanny Diallo, Paul A. Kristiansen, Martin C.J. Maiden, James M. Stuart, Caroline L. Trotter Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Factors associated with a cervical high ‐grade lesion on cytology or a positive visual inspection with acetic acid among more than 3,300 Tanzanian women
ConclusionsInfection with HrHPV is a major risk factor for high ‐grade cytology, while VIA positivity is associated with HIV and to a lesser extent with HrHPV.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 16, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Birgitte Baldur ‐Felskov, Julius Mwaiselage, Mette Tuxen Faber, Myassa Kjaerem, Cecilie Dovey de la Cour, Christian Munk, Crispin Kahesa, Thomas Iftner, Vibeke Rasch, Susanne K. Kjaer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Locals Get Travelers ’ Diarrhea Too: Risk factors for diarrheal illness and pathogenic E. coli infection across an urban‐rural gradient in Ecuador
ConclusionsThis study suggests that individuals traveling from lower transmission regions (rural areas) to higher transmission regions (urban centers) within a single country are at a greater risk of acquiring a diarrhea ‐related illness. Investments to improve water, sanitation and hygiene conditions in urban areas could have impacts on outlying rural areas within a given country.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 16, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Shanon M. Smith, Lorena Montero, Maritza Paez, Estefania Ortega, Eric Hall, Kate Bohnert, Xavier Sanchez, Edison Puebla, Pablo Endara, William Cevallos, Gabriel Trueba, Karen Levy Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Systematic review of factors associated with the development of guillain ‐barré syndrome 2007 to 2017: what has changed?
ConclusionsThe results of the review reaffirmedCampylobacter jejuni as the major trigger of GBS, whereas the association of influenza vaccines and GBS is less clear: Zika virus infection in association with GBS was found in only one study.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 16, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Virginia Kagure Wachira, Henry Maia Peixoto, Maria Regina Fernandes de Oliveira Tags: Systematic Review Source Type: research

Leprosy services in primary health care in India: comparative economic cost analysis of two public ‐health settings
ConclusionsThe setting with an enhanced public ‐health financing system invests more in leprosy services than a setting with fewer financial resources. In terms of leprosy visits, the enhanced public‐health system is hardly more expensive than the non‐enhanced public‐health system. The unit cost of contact screening is not high, favoring its sustainability in the program.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 16, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Anuj Tiwari, David J. Blok, Pramilesh Suryawanshi, Akash Raikwar, Mohammad Arif, Jan Hendrik Richardus Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Differences in barriers to birth and death registration in Guinea ‐Bissau: implications for monitoring national and global health objectives
ConclusionStrengthening CRVS systems requires addressing the specific barriers preventing birth and death registration. In Bissau, interventions to improve knowledge about death registration are needed. Simplifying registration procedures, as well as providing additional incentives, might help improve the coverage of birth registration. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 14, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Ane B. Fisker, Amab élia Rodrigues, Stéphane Helleringer Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Fixed Dose Combinations of anti ‐tubercular, anti‐malarial, and anti‐retroviral medicines on the Indian market: Critical analysis of ubiquity, sales, and regulatory status
ConclusionA large proportion of FDC formulations available in India has never been approved by CDSCO, hence raising the doubts about their safety and efficacy. An opaque regulatory framework and ambiguity over licencing powers have contributed to the problem. The rationality of unapproved FDCs should be reviewed and irrational formulations should be banned.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 13, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Virendra S. Ligade, Tanmay M. Thakar, Swapnil J. Dengale Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Predictors of therapeutic failure among patients with acute brucellosis treated by dual therapy with doxycycline ‐rifampin
ConclusionsThe prevalence of therapeutic failure among the Egyptian patients with acute/subacute brucellosis is increasing. Predictors of therapeutic failure are LTBI, ascariasis, and the use of acid suppressive therapy.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 9, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Ahmad Farooq Alsayed Hasanain, Muhammad Abbas El ‐Masry, Ali Abdel‐Azeem Hasan Zayed, Amany Mohamed Adawi Nafee, Rasha Abdel‐Monem Hassan Attia, Sherif Mohamed Abdel‐Aal Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Trends, patterns and causes of respiratory disease mortality among inpatients in Tanzania, 2006 –2015
ConclusionsRespiratory diseases account for a substantial proportion of all causes of hospital death in Tanzania. Pneumonia and tuberculosis contribute to more than three quarters of all deaths due to respiratory diseases. Since most major respiratory illnesses are avoidable, it is important to strengthen the capacity of the health delivery system in managing cases of respiratory diseases. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 8, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Coleman Kishamawe, Susan F. Rumisha, Irene R. Mremi, Veneranda M. Bwana, Mercy G. Chiduo, Isolide S. Massawe, Leonard E. G. Mboera Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Issue Information
Tropical Medicine&International Health,Volume 23, Issue 11, Page i-iv, November 2018. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 5, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Tropical Medicine & International Health
Tropical Medicine&International Health,Volume 23, Issue 11, Page 1157-1157, November 2018. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 5, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Source Type: research

Trajectories of Women's Physical and Psychosocial Health Following Obstetric Fistula Repair in Uganda: A Longitudinal Study
Tropical Medicine&International Health,Volume 0, Issue ja, -Not available-. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - October 29, 2018 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: Alison M. El Ayadi, Justus Barageine, Abner Korn, Othman Kakaire, Janet Turan, Susan Obore, Josaphat Byamugisha, Felicia Lester, Hadija Nalubwama, Haruna Mwanje, Vandana Tripathi, Suellen Miller Source Type: research