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The Relationships Between Telomeres, Telomerase, and Mitochondrial Function
Telomerase is best known for its role in lengthening telomeres. Telomeres are the caps of repeated DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes; a little is lost with each cell division, and telomere length is a vital part of the mechanisms of the Hayflick limit on the number of times a somatic cell can replicate. Stem cells and cancer cells use telomerase to maintain long telomeres, allowing for indefinite replication. This is not the only function of telomerase, however. It has been shown to act on mitochondria, but the nature of this relationship is nowhere near as well explored. The present consensus on beneficial e...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 20, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, December 2nd 2019
In conclusion, T2D impairs vascular function by dysregulated autophagy. Therefore, autophagy could be a potential target for overcoming diabetic microvascular complications. To What Degree Does Loss of Skeletal Muscle with Age Contribute to Immunosenescence? https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2019/11/to-what-degree-does-loss-of-skeletal-muscle-with-age-contribute-to-immunosenescence/ Sarcopenia, the progressive loss of muscle mass and strength, is characteristic of aging. A perhaps surprisingly large fraction of the losses can be averted by strength training, but there are nonetheless inexorable process...
Source: Fight Aging! - December 1, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Gene Delivery Device to Make Engineered Cell Therapies Much Cheaper
Engineered cell treatments, such as CAR-T cell cancer immunotherapies and hematopoietic stem cell gene therapies, are extremely expensive. In large part that is because it’s not easy to grow myriads of precisely engineered cells that are origin...
Source: Medgadget - November 27, 2019 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Medgadget Editors Tags: Genetics Source Type: blogs

Notes on the 1st Alcor New York Science Symposium
This past weekend, I was in New York City for a meeting organized by Alcor New York, a cryonics community group that is presently seeking to set up a more robust Biostasis Society of New York complete with well-organized standby capacity to help people achieve a successful cryopreservation at the end of life. Setting aside technical issues, the greatest challenge in cryopreservation is the fact the euthanasia, and thus the ability to arrange time of death, remains largely illegal. Hence there must be expensive standby operations, suboptimal deaths that cause significant damage to the brain, and a scramble to ensure rapid c...
Source: Fight Aging! - November 25, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Healthy Life Extension Community Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, November 25th 2019
This study demonstrates for the first time that senescent cells secrete functional LTs, significantly contributing to the LTs pool known to cause or exacerbate idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis. Against Senolytics https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2019/11/against-senolytics/ There is no consensus in science that is so strong as to have no heretics. So here we have an interview with a naysayer on the matter of senolytic treatments, who argues that the loss of senescent cells in aged tissues will cause more harm to long-term health than the damage they will do by remaining. To be clear, I think this to be a ...
Source: Fight Aging! - November 24, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Libella Gene Therapeutics to Run a Patient Paid Trial of Telomerase Gene Therapy
After Bioviva Science, Libella Gene Therapeutics is the second company to take a run at commercializing telomerase gene therapy treatments for human use. Telomerase is the enzyme responsible for lengthening telomeres, repeated DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes, though it may have other roles. Telomeres are a part of the mechanism that limits the number of times that a somatic cell can replicate. Telomeres shorten with each cell division, and when too short they trigger programmed cell death or cellular senescence followed by destruction by the immune system. Ordinary somatic cells in humans do not express telomerase...
Source: Fight Aging! - November 22, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Healthy Life Extension Community Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, October 28th 2019
In this study, the enhanced mice live somewhat longer than their unmodified peers, though not as much longer as is the case for the application of telomerase gene therapy. The mice do also exhibit reduced cancer risk, however. The scientists here class telomere shortening as a cause of aging, which is not a point universally agreed upon. Reductions in average telomere length in tissues looks much more like a downstream consequence of reduced stem cell activity than an independent mechanism. Researchers obtain the first mice born with hyper-long telomeres and show that it is possible to extend life without any geneti...
Source: Fight Aging! - October 27, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Libella Gene Thereapeutics Moving Ahead with a Small Phase 1 Trial of Telomerase Gene Therapy
Libella Gene Therapeutics is developing telomerase gene therapy as a clinical treatment, work that results from more than a decade of studies in mice that show extended life, reduced cancer risk, and improved health. Telomerase acts to lengthen telomeres, the repeated DNA sequences at the ends of chromosomes that shorten with each cell division. Average telomere length in the somatic cells making up any given tissue is a function of the rate of cell division versus the pace at which stem cells produce new daughter somatic cells with long telomeres. Since stem cell activity declines with age, it is no surprise to see telome...
Source: Fight Aging! - October 24, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs

A Mouse Lineage with Very Long Telomeres Exhibits Longer Life Span
In this study, the enhanced mice live somewhat longer than their unmodified peers, though not as much longer as is the case for the application of telomerase gene therapy. The mice do also exhibit reduced cancer risk, however. The scientists here class telomere shortening as a cause of aging, which is not a point universally agreed upon. Reductions in average telomere length in tissues looks much more like a downstream consequence of reduced stem cell activity than an independent mechanism. Researchers obtain the first mice born with hyper-long telomeres and show that it is possible to extend life without any geneti...
Source: Fight Aging! - October 23, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

20 Medical Technology Advances: Medicine in the Future – Part II.
Nanorobots swimming in blood vessels, in silico clinical trials instead of experimenting with drugs on animals and people, remote brain surgeries with the help of 5G networks – the second part of our shortlist on some astonishing ideas and innovations that could give us a glimpse into the future of medicine is ready for you to digest. Here, we’re going beyond the first part with medical tricorders, the CRISPR/Cas-9 gene-editing method, and other futuristic medical technologies to watch for. 11) In silico clinical trials against testing drugs on animals As technologies transform every aspect of healthcare,...
Source: The Medical Futurist - October 23, 2019 Category: Information Technology Authors: berci.mesko Tags: Artificial Intelligence E-Patients Future of Medicine Future of Pharma Genomics Health Sensors & Trackers 3d printing AI bioprinting blockchain clinical trials CRISPR digital digital health drug development genetics Innovat Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, October 14th 2019
In conclusion, a polypharmacology approach of combining established, prolongevity drug inhibitors of specific nodes may be the most effective way to target the nutrient-sensing network to improve late-life health. Deletion of p38α in Neurons Slows Neural Stem Cell Decline and Loss of Cognitive Function in Mice https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2019/10/deletion-of-p38%ce%b1-in-neurons-slows-neural-stem-cell-decline-and-loss-of-cognitive-function-in-mice/ Researchers here provide evidence for p38α to be involved in the regulation of diminished neural stem cell activity with age. It is thought that the ...
Source: Fight Aging! - October 13, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

The SENS Research Foundation on the Beneficial Nature of Senolytic Therapies
The SENS Research Foundation should need no introduction to this audience, but, just in case, this is one of the few non-profit organizations dedicated to advancing the state of the art in rejuvenation research and development. The focus of the SENS Research Foundation staff is on unblocking lines of research that are presently moving too slowly, rather than on reinforcing success. The co-founder, Aubrey de Grey, assembled the Strategies for Engineered Negligible Senescence (SENS) going on twenty years ago. It was, and is, a synthesis of what is known in the research community regarding the root causes of aging. In the SEN...
Source: Fight Aging! - October 9, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, October 7th 2019
In conclusion, our findings link the calcification of the vascular tissue with the expression of FGF23 in the vessels and with the elevation of circulating levels this hormone. Permanently Boosting Levels of Natural Killer Cells in Mice to Increase Cancer Resistance https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2019/09/permanently-boosting-levels-of-natural-killer-cells-in-mice-to-increase-cancer-resistance/ Researchers here demonstrate a very interesting approach to immunotherapy: they introduce engineered stem cells in mice that will give rise to additional natural killer T cells, boosting the capability of the ...
Source: Fight Aging! - October 6, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Targeting GAS1 to Put Muscle Stem Cells Back to Work in Old Tissues
A great many projects at various stages of development are characterized by their goal of forcing greater stem cell activity in old tissues, but without meaningfully addressing the underlying causes of stem cell decline in later life. This sort of research and development operates at the level of proximate causes, adjusting protein levels to change cell behavior. Among the potential therapies I'd place into this category: telomerase gene therapy; GDF11 upregulation; FGF2 inhibition; NAD+ upregulation; and so on. Muscle stem cells known as satellite cells are one of the better studied stem cell populations in this context, ...
Source: Fight Aging! - October 4, 2019 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

How Much Is Life Worth?
Multivitamins, drugs, gene therapies, human skin, heart, eyeballs, kidneys, entire dead bodies – everything comes with a price tag. Putting aside the moral questions of why and how come that the capitalist market priced even our body parts and health, we asked the question of how much is life worth: what is the maximum that you would/should pay for a life-saving drug? How high is too high a cost if a drug can save 200-300 babies a year from debilitating illness or death? And ultimately, does the pricing of new technologies, especially gene therapies, enable to fulfill their promise? There’s a price for everything: ...
Source: The Medical Futurist - August 31, 2019 Category: Information Technology Authors: nora Tags: Bioethics Biotechnology Future of Pharma Genomics cost daraprim drug drug price Gene gene therapy genetics insulin life medication pricing policy rare disease rare disorder Source Type: blogs