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Candida albicans meningitis with ventriculitis in a four-year-old childEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Taneja Juhi, Mishra Bibhabati, Thakur Archana, Dogra Vinita, Loomba PoonamNeurology India 2009 57(5):682-684 (Source: Neurology India)
Source: Neurology India - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Taneja Juhi, Mishra Bibhabati, Thakur Archana, Dogra Vinita, Loomba Poonam Source Type: journals

In vitro antifungal action of different substances over microwaved-cured acrylic resinsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study evaluated the antifungal action of different agents over microwave-cured acrylic resin without polishing specimens previously contaminated with Candida albicans. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Sixty specimens were immersed in BHI broth previously inoculated with the yeast and stored for 3 h at 37ºC. They were divided into 5 experimental groups (n=10): G1: 2% chlorhexidine solution (10 min); G2: 0.5% sodium hypochlorite (10 min); G3: modified sodium hypochlorite (10 min); G4: effervescent agent (5 min); G5: hydrogen peroxide 10v (30 min). The specimens of the control group 1 (C1) were not disinfected. Ten additional spec...
Source: Journal of Applied Oral Science - November 20, 2009 Category: Dentistry Source Type: journals

A 5-year survey of dermatomycoses in southwest Poland, years 2003–2007Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The study was performed to analyse the spectrum of dermatomycoses in southwest Poland during the period 2003[ndash]2007. A total of 10 486 patients were investigated for fungal skin infections by means of native specimen and cultivating procedures. Skin scrapings, plucked hairs and nail clippings were examined and identified by direct microscopy and culture. From 2468 patients, 2753 fungi were identified including dermatophytes, yeast and moulds. Among the dermatophytes, the most common pathogen isolated was Trichophyton rubrum (59.4%), followed in descending order by: Trichophyton mentagrophytes var. interdigitale (16.6%)...
Source: Mycoses - November 19, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Alina Jankowska-Konsur, Mariusz Dyląg, Anita Hryncewicz-Gwóźdź, Ewa Plomer-Niezgoda, Jacek C Szepietowski Source Type: journals

Study of green Sicilian table olive fermentations through microbiological, chemical and sensory analyses.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The production of five different green table olive cultivars was studied by a combined strategy consisting of chemical, microbiological and sensory analyses. Cultivable microflora of samples collected during processing was monitored by plate counts on seven synthetic culture media. In all samples Enterobacteriaceae, Pseudomonaceae, staphylococci, lactic acid bacteria and spore-forming bacteria were undetectable. Yeasts and moulds were countable from the day 42 (2 log CFU/ml) till the end of fermentation (6 log CFU/ml). The use of three different approaches for microorganism detection, including a culture-independent me...
Source: Food Microbiology - November 18, 2009 Category: Food Science Authors: Aponte M, Ventorino V, Blaiotta G, Volpe G, Farina V, Avellone G, Lanza CM, Moschetti G Tags: Food Microbiol Source Type: journals

Soft X-ray tomography of phenotypic switching and the cellular response to antifungal peptoids in Candida albicans [Cell_Biology]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The opportunistic pathogen Candida albicans can undergo phenotypic switching between a benign, unicellular phenotype and an invasive, multicellular form that... (Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences)
Source: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences - November 17, 2009 Category: Science Authors: Uchida, M., McDermott, G., Wetzler, M., Le Gros, M. A., Myllys, M., Knoechel, C., Barron, A. E., Larabell, C. A. Tags: Cell_Biology Source Type: journals

2-Aryl-3-(1H-Azol-1-yl)-1H-Indole Derivatives: A New Class of Antimycobacterial Compounds - Conventional Heating in Comparison with MW-Assisted SynthesisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
2-Aryl-3-(1H-imidazol-1-yl and 1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)-1H-indole derivatives were synthesized and tested for their in-vitro antifungal and antimycobacterial activities. These indole derivatives were devoid of antifungal activity against the tested strains of Candida spp. Yet, they exhibited an interesting antitubercular activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis reference strain H37Rv. (Source: Archiv der Pharmazie)
Source: Archiv der Pharmazie - November 17, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Daniele Zampieri, Maria Grazia Mamolo, Erik Laurini, Giuditta Scialino, Elena Banfi, Luciano Vio Source Type: journals

In vitro colonization of an experimental silicone by Candida albicans.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, penetration of C. albicans into an experimental silicone elastomer soft-lining material was investigated under batch and continuous culture conditions. A model "denture plaque" microcosm was also used. Increasing the filler concentration within the elastomer decreased penetration under both batch and continuous culture conditions. In continuous culture, C. albicans penetration was significantly greater in pure culture than in the presence of bacteria after 72-h incubation (p < 0.05). (c) 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Biomed Mater Res Part B: Appl Biomater, 2010. PMID: 19921746 [PubMed - as supplied b...
Source: Biomed Res - November 17, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Rodger G, Taylor RL, Pearson GJ, Verran J Tags: J Biomed Mater Res B Appl Biomater Source Type: journals

Regulation of pentraxin-3 by antioxidantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions PTX3 expression is down-regulated in vitro by antioxidants. Plasma levels of PTX3 are elevated in sepsis but seem to be unrelated to markers of oxidant stress or antioxidant capacity. (Source: British Journal of Anaesthesia)
Source: British Journal of Anaesthesia - November 16, 2009 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Hill, A. L., Lowes, D. A., Webster, N. R., Sheth, C. C., Gow, N. A. R., Galley, H. F. Tags: Critical Care Source Type: journals

The Value of a Risk Model for Early-onset CandidemiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Blood stream infections from Candida species are associated with an increased length of stay, increased hospital costs, and higher mortality when compared to bacterial blood stream infections. Delayed or inappropriate therapy in candidemia leads to increased mortality, thus early recognition becomes paramount. With biomarkers showing promise, blood cultures still remain the gold standard but require 24-72 hours for growth. Thus, the reliance on epidemilogic risk factors for the initiation of empiric antifungal therapy provides the best method for early appropriate therapy. Shorr and colleagues have devised a risk score to ...
Source: Critical Care - November 16, 2009 Category: Intensive Care Authors: Christian SandrockJaveed Siddqui Source Type: journals

2-Amino-nonyl-6-methoxyl-tetralin muriate inhibits sterol C-14 reductase in the ergosterol biosynthetic pathway.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion:10b possessed a mode of action different from that of azoles and morpholines, whose targets were sterol C-14 reductase (encoded by ERG24 gene) and sterol C-5 desaturase (encoded by ERG3) related enzyme. Although 10b seemed to reduce MTS/PMS reduction in a dose dependent manner, IC(50) value for mammalian cells was much higher than 50% minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC(50)) value for C albicans. This indicates that the formulation is preliminarily safe and warrants further study for possible human applications. PMID: 19915585 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica)
Source: Acta Pharmacologica Sinica - November 16, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Liang RM, Cao YB, Fan KH, Xu Y, Gao PH, Zhou YJ, Dai BD, Tan YH, Wang SH, Tang H, Liu HT, Jiang YY Tags: Acta Pharmacol Sin Source Type: journals

Mycoses in the elderlyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Infections with dermatophytes are more prevalent in the elderly than in non-elderly adults; risk factors include local trophic disturbances, underlying diseases such as diabetes and a reduced oxygen supply due to diminished blood circulation. Vaginal mycoses are seldom found. In systemic yeast infections in patients of advanced age, Candida glabrata plays a relatively important role. The dimorphic fungus Coccidioides immitis is more prevalent in the elderly in endemic areas. Although there is no higher susceptibility to moulds in this age group, there are certain situations increasing the risk. The m...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases - November 13, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

Bicarbonate of Soda Used to Cure Stage Four Prostate CancerEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
ConclusionThe last quote from Dr. Sircus sums it up. When dealing with any natural cancer cures, it is wise to take a literally holistic approach, one that does not compromise any of the protocols used in the holistic combination. Obviously there will be disagreements among practitioners as to what a root cause is for any disease, especially cancer.So finding one`s course of action can be baffling at first. But considering the low costs with the battery of options in the field of natural medicine, it seems worth investigating until one finds what is right or what combination of protocols is right.We are fortunate that desp...
Source: NaturalNews.com - November 13, 2009 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

Ogataea pignaliae sp. nov., the teleomorph of Candida pignaliae.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Six ascosporulating Candida pignaliae strains were isolated from epigeal plant parts in Hungary. They share identical D1/D2 LSU rRNA gene sequences with the type strain of C. pignaliae, and the physiological characteristics investigated are also very similar to that of the type strain. The only substantial difference compared to the type strain of C. pignaliae is their ability to assimilate beta-glucosides (cellobiose, salicin and arbutin). The majority of the isolation sources of the strains reported in this study have the common feature of containing tannic acid, while the type strain of C. pignaliae was recovered fr...
Source: International Journal of Systematic and Evolutionary Microbiology - November 13, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Péter G, Tornai-Lehoczki J, Dlauchy D Tags: Int J Syst Evol Microbiol Source Type: journals

Characterization of Candida parapsilosis infection of an in vitro reconstituted human oral epitheliumEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Silva S, Henriques M, Oliveira R, Azeredo J, Malic S, Hooper SJ, Williams DW. Characterization of Candida parapsilosis infection of an in vitro reconstituted human oral epithelium. Eur J Oral Sci 2009; 117: 669[ndash]675. © 2009 The Authors. Journal compilation© 2009 Eur J Oral Sci Oral candidosis is a common problem in immunocompromised patients, and whilst Candida albicans is regarded as the principal cause of infection, other non-Candida albicans Candida (NCAC) species are increasingly being recognized as human pathogens. Relatively little is known about the virulence factors associated with NCAC species, and the aim ...
Source: European Journal of Oral Sciences - November 12, 2009 Category: Dentistry Authors: Sónia Silva, Mariana Henriques, Rosário Oliveira, Joana Azeredo, Sladjana Malic, Samuel J. Hooper, David W. Williams Tags: Original articles Source Type: journals

Determining cadmium critical concentrations in natural soils by assessing Collembola mortality, reproduction and growth.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The toxicity of cadmium for the Collembola Folsomia candida was studied by determining the effects of increasing Cd concentrations on growth, survival and reproduction in three cultivated and forested soils with different pH (4.5-8.2) and organic matter content (1.6-16.5%). The Cd concentration in soil CaCl(2) exchangeable fraction, in soil solution and in Collembola body was determined. At similar total soil concentrations, the Cd concentration in soil solutions strongly decreased with increasing pH. Reproduction was the most sensitive parameter. Low organic matter content was a limiting factor for reproduction. Effec...
Source: Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety - November 12, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Bur T, Probst A, Bianco A, Gandois L, Crouau Y Tags: Ecotoxicol Environ Saf Source Type: journals

Poly(A) polymerase 1 (PAP1) homozygosity and hyperadenylation are major determinants of increased mRNA stability of CDR1 in azole resistant clinical isolates of Candida albicans.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examines the molecular mechanisms underlying enhanced CDR1 mRNA stability in AR isolates. Mapping of the 3'UTR of CDR1 revealed that it was rich in 'AU' (Adenylate-Uridylate) elements, possessed heterogeneous polyadenylation sites, and had putative consensus sequences for RNA-binding proteins. Swapping of heterologous and chimeric lacZ-CDR1 3'UTR transcriptional reporter fusion constructs did not alter the reporter activity in AS and AR isolates, indicating that cis-acting sequences within the CDR1 3'UTR itself are not sufficient to confer the observed differential mRNA decay. Interestingly, the poly(A) tail of ...
Source: Microbiology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Manoharlal R, Gorantala J, Sharma M, Sanglard D, Prasad R Tags: Microbiology Source Type: journals

Management of obstructive renal failure caused by bilateral renal aspergilloma in an immunocompetent newborn.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Kidneys fungal infection is a rare condition which has been reported in premature babies and in diabetic or immunocompromised adult patients. Candida spp is the most frequent microorganism involved. This paper reports a case of an immunocompetent newborn with a bladder exstrophy who suffered from an acute renal failure caused by bilateral renal aspergilloma (Aspergillus flavus). The newborn was treated with amphotericin B urinary tract irrigation through bilateral nephrostomy catheters combined with liposomal amphotericin B and voriconazole therapy, which improved his renal function. However, due to persistent fungal c...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Martinez-Pajares JD, Martinez-Ferriz C, Moreno-Perez D, Garcia-Ramirez M, Martin-Carballido S, Blanch-Iribarne P Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Killing of adherent microbes by a non-thermal atmospheric plasma jet.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Non-thermal atmospheric plasma jets can be used for the disinfection of dental surfaces. PMID: 19910483 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 12, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Rupf S, Lehmann A, Hannig M, Schafer B, Schubert A, Feldmann U, Schindler A Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Intractable lung abscess successfully treated with cavernostomy and free omental plombage using microvascular surgeryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract A 68-year-old man, complaining of fever and puriform sputum, was referred to our hospital. A giant abscess was detected in the upper lobe of the right lung. Percutaneous drainage of a lung abscess was carried out. When the pus collected was cultured, Candida was 1+ and Escherichia coli was 2+. Later, it became difficult to control the abscess by drainage, and cavernostomy was selected. The contents of the abscess cavity were removed, and the cavity was opened, followed by exchange of gauze every day. For 14 months after cavernostomy, once-weekly gauze exchange was continued at the outpatient clinic ...
Source: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - November 11, 2009 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Tags: General Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Source Type: journals

Invasive candidiasis in pediatric intensive care unitsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Candidemia and disseminated candidiasis are major causes of morbidity and mortality in hospitalized patients especially in the intensive care units (ICU). The incidence of invasive candidasis is on a steady rise because of increasing use of multiple antibiotics and invasive procedures carried out in the ICUs. Worldwide there is a shifting trend from C. albicans towards non albicans species, with an associated increase in mortality and antifungal resistance. In the ICU a predisposed host in one who is on broad spectrum antibiotics, parenteral nutrition, and central venous catheters. There are no patho...
Source: Indian Journal of Pediatrics - November 11, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Indian Journal of Pediatrics Source Type: journals

Arabidopsis OPT6 is an Oligopeptide Transporter with Exceptionally Broad Substrate SpecificityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Oligopeptide transporters (OPTs) are found in fungi, bacteria and plants. The nine Arabidopsis thaliana OPT genes are expressed mainly in the vasculature and are thought to transport tetra- and pentapeptides, and peptide-like substrates such as glutathione. Expression of AtOPT6 in Xenopus laevis oocytes demonstrated that AtOPT6 transports many tetra- and pentapeptides. In addition, AtOPT6 transported reduced glutathione (GSH), a tripeptide, but not oxidized glutathione (GSSG). Recent data showed that Candida albicans OPTs can transport peptides up to eight amino acids in length. AtOPT6 transported mammalian signaling pepti...
Source: Plant and Cell Physiology - November 11, 2009 Category: Cytology Authors: Pike, S., Patel, A., Stacey, G., Gassmann, W. Tags: Regular Papers Source Type: journals

PCR melting profile (PCR MP) - a new tool for differentiation of Candida albicans strainsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Data presented here show for the first time the evaluation of PCR MP technique for candidial strains differentiation and we propose that this can be used as a relatively simple and cheap technique for epidemiological studies in short period of time in hospital. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - November 11, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Beata KrawczykJustyna Leibner-CiszakAnna MielechMagdalena NowakJozef Kur Source Type: journals

Yeast microbiota associated with spontaneous sourdough fermentations in the production of traditional wheat sourdough breads of the Abruzzo region (Italy).Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aims of this study were to describe the yeast community of 20 sourdoughs collected from central Italy and to characterize the sourdoughs based on chemical properties. A polyphasic approach consisting of traditional culture-based tests (spore-forming and physiological tests) and molecular techniques (PCR-RFLP, RAPD-PCR, PCR-DGGE) and chemical analysis (total acidity, acids, and sugar contents), was utilized to describe the yeast population and to investigate the chemical composition of the doughs. PCR-RFLP analysis identified 85% of the isolates as Saccharomyces cerevisiae, with the other dominant species being Cand...
Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - November 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Valmorri S, Tofalo R, Settanni L, Corsetti A, Suzzi G Tags: Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Source Type: journals

Antimicrobial efficacy of eucalyptus oil and 1,8-cineole alone and in combination with chlorhexidine digluconate against microorganisms grown in planktonic and biofilm culturesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions In conclusion, CHG may be combined with either crude EO or its major component 1,8-cineole for enhanced, synergistic antimicrobial activity against a wide range of microorganisms in planktonic and biofilm modes of growth; however, the superior antimicrobial efficacy associated with crude EO alone, compared with 1,8-cineole, favours its combination with CHG. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Hendry, E. R., Worthington, T., Conway, B. R., Lambert, P. A. Tags: Original research Source Type: journals

Dosage-dependent roles of the Cwt1 transcription factor for cell wall architecture, morphogenesis, drug sensitivity and virulence in Candida albicansEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Cwt1 transcription factor is involved in cell wall architecture of the human fungal pathogen Candida albicans. We demonstrate here that deficiency of Cwt1 leads to decreased [beta]1,6-glucan in the cell wall, while mannoproteins are increased in the cell wall of exponentially growing cells and are released into the medium of stationary phase cells. Hyphal morphogenesis of cwt1 mutants is reduced on the surfaces of some inducing media. Unexpectedly, the CWT1/cwt1 heterozygous strains shows some stronger in vitro phenotypes compared to the homozygous mutant. The heterozygous but not the homozygous strain is also strongly...
Source: Yeast - November 10, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Inmaculada Moreno, María Martinez-Esparza, Leslie Carolina Laforet, Rafael Sentandreu, Joachim F. Ernst, Eulogio Valentin Source Type: journals

Isolation and characterization of Candida kefyr orotidine-5[prime]-phosphate decarboxylase (URA3) geneEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Candida kefyr is a common yeast species that can be found in fermented milk and cheeses. As a first step to developing a gene transfer system for C. kefyr, the orotidine-5[prime]-phosphate decarboxylase (URA3) gene was cloned, using degenerate PCR and genome walking. The uninterrupted open reading frame of the C. kefyr URA3 gene spans 801 bp, corresponding to 267 amino acid residues. The functionality of the gene was confirmed by complementation of ura3 auxotrophs of C. albicans and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Phylogenetic analysis of the deduced amino acid sequence indicated that it shares a high degree of homology with oth...
Source: Yeast - November 10, 2009 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Paul Wai-Kei Tsang, Kin-Sing Wong, Jennifer Ka-Man Chu Source Type: journals

Antifungal properties of Salvadora persica and Juglans regia L. extracts against oral Candida strainsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report in this work, and for the first time, the potent antifungal activities of Salvadora persica and Juglans regia L. on different Candida species. Methanol, ethyl acetate, and diluted acetone extracts of S. persica (fresh and dry plant) and J. regia L. were screened for in vitro activity against some Candida species. These plants were selected due to their traditional use for the treatment of oral infections. Plant preparations were screened for antifungal activity using a standard agar disc diffusion assay. Following study of the antifungal activity of plant extracts, their minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) a...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases - November 9, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

Asymmetric synthesis of (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate using Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Asymmetric reduction of ethyl-4-chloro-3-oxobutanoate to (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate in aqueous medium by resting cells of Candida parapsilosis ATCC 7330 was optimized. The influence of culture parameters (inoculum size, inoculum age and biocatalyst harvest time) and reaction parameters (co-substrate, resting cell, pH and substrate concentrations) on the asymmetric reduction were studied. It was found that these parameters significantly influenced the rate of the asymmetric reduction. Under the optimum conditions, the final concentration of (S)-ethyl-4-chloro-3-hydroxybutanoate, enantiomeric excess and the is...
Source: Journal of Industrial Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 8, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kaliaperumal T, Kumar S, Gummadi SN, Chadha A Tags: J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Candida albicans peritonitis in a dogEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
To describe the clinical management of a case of Candida albicans peritonitis in a dog and discuss the pathogenicity of Candida peritonitis along with treatment using the fungistatic agent, fluconazole. A 15-week-old Papillon developed peritonitis secondary to enterectomy site dehiscence. A pure growth of Candida albicans was obtained from the abdominal fluid. Surgical repair of the dehiscence was performed and antifungal therapy instituted with fluconazole postoperatively. A marked exudative process was noted postoperatively with production of large volumes of fluid from the abdominal drain. Fresh frozen plasma and pentas...
Source: Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care - November 7, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Ryan K. C. Ong, Anthea L. Raisis, Katrin L. Swindells Source Type: journals

Development of Batch and Continuous Processes on Biodiesel Production in a Packed-Bed Reactor by a Mixture of Immobilized Candida rugosa and Rhizopus oryzae Lipases.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, transesterification and esterification were investigated in batch and continuous process using immobilized Candida rugosa and Rhizopus oryzae lipases. In the case of batch process, stepwise reaction method was investigated to prevent the lipase deactivation. Reaction conditions were as follows: temperature, 45 degrees C; agitation speed, 250 rpm; enzyme concentration, 20%; and water contents 10%. And then, conversion yield was 98.33% at 4 h. In the case of continuous process, circulation and long-term continuous system were investigated for development of efficient mass transfer system. Optimal reaction cond...
Source: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - November 7, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Lee JH, Kim SB, Park C, Tae B, Han SO, Kim SW Tags: Appl Biochem Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Protein glycosylation in CandidaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Future Microbiology , November 2009, Vol. 4, No. 9, Pages 1167-1183. (Source: Future Microbiology)
Source: Future Microbiology - November 6, 2009 Category: Cardiology Tags: article Source Type: journals

Chemo-enzymatic epoxidation of sunflower oil methyl estersEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The chemo-enzymatic epoxidation of the methyl esters of sunflower oil with lipase from Candida antarctica B and aqueous H2O2 in the presence and absence of an acyl donor was investigated. The biphasic system (CH2Cl2/H2O) comprised Candida antarctica B lipase (CALB, 1000 u g-1) and 30% (v/v) aqueous hydrogen peroxide. In some cases the conversion was higher than 99%. The best results were obtained for the biphasic system after 16 h of reaction, at 30 ºC, using 10 mmol of octanoic acid in relation to 1 g of the oil, 6 mL of dichlomethane and 5 mL of water.Foi realizada a epoxidação quimio-enzimática de ésteres metílico...
Source: Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society - November 6, 2009 Category: Chemistry Source Type: journals

Design, Synthesis, and Antifungal Activity of Novel Conformationally Restricted Triazole DerivativesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A series of new triazole derivatives were designed and synthesized on the basis of the active site of lanosterol 14[alpha]-demethylase from Candida albicans (CACYP51). 2-(2,4-Difluorophenyl)-3-(methyl-(3-phenoxyalkyl)amino)-1-(1H-1,2,4-triazol-1-yl)propan-2-ols show excellent in-vitro activity against most of the tested pathogenic fungi. The MIC80 value of compound 8a against Candida albicans is 0.01 [mu]M, which provides a good starting template for further structural optimization. The binding modes of the designed compounds were investigated by flexible molecular docking. The compounds interacted with CACYP51 through hyd...
Source: Archiv der Pharmazie - November 6, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Wenya Wang, Chunquan Sheng, Xiaoying Che, Haitao Ji, Zhenyuan Miao, Jianzhong Yao, Wannian Zhang Source Type: journals

Species identification of Candida isolates obtained from oral lesions of HIV infected patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Baradkar V P, Kumar SIndian Journal of Dermatology 2009 54(4):385-386A total of 60 patients suspected to have AIDS with oral lesions suggestive of oral candidiasis were studied. Candida species were isolated from 50 patients. Candida albicans was the commonest isolate (70 %) followed Candida parapsilosis (15%), Candida glabrata (7.5%) and Candida tropicalis (5%) re...
Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology - November 5, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: Baradkar V P, Kumar S Source Type: journals

Lipase catalyzed synthesis of silicone polyesters.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Immobilized Candida antarctica lipase B (CALB) was successfully employed as a catalyst to synthesize silicone aromatic polyesters by the transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with alpha,omega-bis(hydroxyalkyl)-terminated poly(dimethylsiloxane) in toluene under mild reaction conditions. PMID: 19885495 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Chemical Communications)
Source: Chemical Communications - November 5, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Poojari Y, Clarson SJ Tags: Chem Commun (Camb) Source Type: journals

Apoptosis in Candida biofilms exposed to amphotericin B.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In this study, specific staining methods were used to investigate the existence of persisters and apoptosis in Candida biofilms subjected to different concentrations of amphotericin B. Fluorescein diacetate staining revealed the presence of persisters in biofilms of one of two strains of C. albicans tested, and in biofilms of C. krusei and C. parapsilosis. Caspase activity, indicative of apoptosis, was detected with SR-FLICA and D2R fluorochrome-based staining reagents in all of these biofilms. The general inhibitor of mammalian caspases, Z-VAD-FMK, when used at a low concentration (2.5 muM), increased the viability of dru...
Source: Journal of Medical Microbiology - November 5, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Al-Dhaheri RS, Douglas LJ Tags: J Med Microbiol Source Type: journals

Gammadelta T Lymphocytes Producing Ifngamma and Il-17 In Response To Candida Albicans Or Mycobacterial Antigens: Possible Implications For Acute And Chronic Inflammation.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
T lymphocytes bearing the gammadelta T cell receptor are known to play an important role in the first-line defense against viral, bacterial and fungal pathogens. Two main subsets of gammadelta T cells are known, showing distinct functional behaviour: Vdelta2 T lymphocytes, circulating in the peripheral blood, are involved in the response to mycobacterial infections and certain viruses, including coxsakie virus B3 and herpes simplex virus type 2. Vdelta1 T cells are resident in the mucosal-associated lymphoid tissue and are reported to participate in the immunity against Listeria monocytogenes and cytomegalovirus. Vdelt...
Source: Current Medicinal Chemistry - November 5, 2009 Category: Chemistry Authors: Poggi A, Catellani S, Musso A, Zocchi MR Tags: Curr Med Chem Source Type: journals

Inhibition of Fungi and Gram-Negative Bacteria by Bacteriocin BacTN635 Produced by Lactobacillus plantarum sp. TN635.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The aim of this study was to evaluate 54 lactic acid bacteria (LAB) strains isolated from meat, fermented vegetables and dairy products for their capacity to produce antimicrobial activities against several bacteria and fungi. The strain designed TN635 has been selected for advanced studies. The supernatant culture of this strain inhibits the growth of all tested pathogenic including the four Gram-negative bacteria (Salmonella enterica ATCC43972, Pseudomonas aeruginosa ATCC 49189, Hafnia sp. and Serratia sp.) and the pathogenic fungus Candida tropicalis R2 CIP203. Based on the nucleotide sequence of the 16S rRNA gene o...
Source: Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology - November 4, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Smaoui S, Elleuch L, Bejar W, Karray-Rebai I, Ayadi I, Jaouadi B, Mathieu F, Chouayekh H, Bejar S, Mellouli L Tags: Appl Biochem Biotechnol Source Type: journals

Enzymatic synthesis of poly-L: -lactide and poly-L: -lactide-co-glycolide in an ionic liquid.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The syntheses of poly-L: -lactide (PLLA) and poly-L: -lactide-co-glycolide (PLLGA) is reported in the ionic liquid 1-hexyl-3-methylimidazolium hexafluorophosphate [HMIM][PF(6)] mediated by the enzyme lipase B from Candida antarctica (Novozyme 435). The highest PLLA yield (63%) was attained at 90 degrees C with a molecular weight (M ( n )) of 37.8 x 10(3) g/mol determined by size exclusion chromatography. This procedure produced relatively high crystalline polymers (up to 85% PLLA) as determined by DSC. In experiments at 90 degrees C product synthesis also occurred without biocatalyst, however, PLLA synthesis in [HMIM][...
Source: Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering - November 4, 2009 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Chanfreau S, Mena M, Porras-Domínguez JR, Ramírez-Gilly M, Gimeno M, Roquero P, Tecante A, Bárzana E Tags: Bioprocess Biosyst Eng Source Type: journals

Superfood Profile: Discover the Many Health Benefits of ChlorellaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(NaturalNews) With the quality of commercially-grown produce declining rapidly, obtaining nutritious fruits and vegetables is not an easy task. Few of us eat enough fruits and vegetables on a daily basis; it's a fact that grows more true with each generation. So how do we answer these issues, knowing the bounty of nutrients we're missing? One solution is chlorella, a green single-cell algae that packs a huge nutritious punch.Chlorella is an astounding package of complete nutrition, considering it is such a simple life form, which is probably why it is often referred to as nature's multivitamin. The synergistic nature of ch...
Source: NaturalNews.com - November 3, 2009 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

C-reactive protein and interleukin-6 responses for differentiating fungal and bacterial aetiology in late-onset neonatal sepsisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the predictive value of the combined evaluation of the C-reactive protein (CRP) and interleukin-6 (IL-6) responses for differentiating fungal and bacterial aetiologies in patients with NS. From January to September 2007, neonates who were diagnosed with NS and had their CRP and IL-6 levels measured were selected. Based on their blood culture results, the neonates were divided into two groups: group of fungal sepsis (FS) and group of bacterial sepsis (BS). FS included 14 Candida albicans and one non-albicans Candida isolates and BS included five Klebsiella pneumoniae, three Pseudomonas aeruginosa, three ...
Source: Mycoses - November 3, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Suna Serife Oguz, Erden Sipahi, Ugur Dilmen Source Type: journals

Hydrosoluble medicated nail lacquers: in vitro drug permeation and corresponding antimycotic activityEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions Application of the CPX/sol nail lacquer allows rapid nail penetration of CPX, providing CPX levels sufficient to inhibit fungal growth for a prolonged period of time (30 h) after application of lacquer dose. CPX/sol nail lacquer appeared superior to the market reference Loceryl® in terms of both vehicle (hydroxypropyl chitosan) and active ingredient (CPX) as witnessed by its higher efficacy on all nail pathogens. (Source: British Journal of Dermatology)
Source: British Journal of Dermatology - November 3, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: D. Monti, L. Saccomani, P. Chetoni, S. Burgalassi, S. Senesi, E. Ghelardi, F. Mailland Source Type: journals

Hydrosoluble medicated nail lacquers: in vitro drug permeation and corresponding antimycotic activity.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions Application of the CPX/sol nail lacquer allows rapid nail penetration of CPX, providing CPX levels sufficient to inhibit fungal growth for a prolonged period of time (30 h) after application of lacquer dose. CPX/sol nail lacquer appeared superior to the market reference Loceryl((R)) in terms of both vehicle (hydroxypropyl chitosan) and active ingredient (CPX) as witnessed by its higher efficacy on all nail pathogens. PMID: 19886884 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Dermatology)
Source: The British Journal of Dermatology - November 3, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: Monti D, Saccomani L, Chetoni P, Burgalassi S, Senesi S, Ghelardi E, Mailland F Tags: Br J Dermatol Source Type: journals

Fungal meiosis and parasexual reproduction-lessons from pathogenic yeast.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Meiosis is an integral part of sexual reproduction in eukaryotic species. It performs the dual functions of halving the genetic content in the cell, as well as increasing genetic diversity by promoting recombination between chromosome homologs. Despite extensive studies of meiosis in model yeast, it is now apparent that both the regulation of meiosis and the machinery mediating recombination have significantly diverged, even between closely related species. To highlight this, we discuss new studies on sex in Candida species, a diverse collection of hemiascomycetes that are related to Saccharomyces cerevisiae and are im...
Source: Current Opinion in Microbiology - November 3, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Sherwood RK, Bennett RJ Tags: Curr Opin Microbiol Source Type: journals

Candida esophagitis complicated by an esophago-airway fistula: Report of a caseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Candida esophagitis rarely involves life-threatening complications, such as necrosis, perforation, or fistula formation between the esophagus and the airway. We herein report a case of Candida esophagitis complicated by esophagobronchial and esophagopulmonary fistulas. The patient in our study was a 70-year-old man with a 3-month history of dysphagia. Based on endoscopy and histological findings, he was diagnosed with a coinfection of Candida spp. and herpes simplex virus. Antifungal and antiviral therapy was administered without success. The esophagopulmonary fistula formation and a lung abscess ...
Source: Surgery Today - November 2, 2009 Category: Surgery Tags: Surgery Today Source Type: journals

Fungicidal effect of photodynamic therapy against fluconazole-resistant Candida albicans and Candida glabrataEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Although photodynamic therapy (PDT) has shown great promise for the inactivation of Candida species, its effectiveness against azole-resistant pathogens remains poorly documented. This in vitro study describes the association of Photogem® (Photogem, Moscow, Russia) with LED (light emitting diode) light for the photoinactivation of fluconazole-resistant (FR) and American Type Culture Collection (ATCC) strains of Candida albicans and Candida glabrata. Suspensions of each Candida strain were treated with five Photogem® concentrations and exposed to four LED light fluences (14, 24, 34 or 50 min of illumination). After incuba...
Source: Mycoses - November 2, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Lívia Nordi Dovigo, Ana Cláudia Pavarina, Ewerton Garcia de Oliveira Mima, Eunice Teresinha Giampaolo, Carlos Eduardo Vergani, Vanderlei Salvador Bagnato Source Type: journals

In vitro antifungal activity of the berberine and its synergism with fluconazole.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Berberine with and without fluconazole was tested by an agar disk diffusion assay in which clinical isolates of Candida albicans were applied onto yeast extract-peptone-dextrose agar plate. Berberine, which had no intrinsic antifungal activity at the concentration tested, exerted a powerful antifungal activity in combination of fluzonazole. Combinations of berberine and fluconazole were also tested by the checkerboard assay to determine whether they had favorable or unfavorable antifungal interactions. The MIC of fluconazole was 1.9 mug/ml when the drug was tested alone and decreased to 0.48 mug/ml in the presence of b...
Source: Antonie van Leeuwenhoek - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Iwazaki RS, Endo EH, Ueda-Nakamura T, Nakamura CV, Garcia LB, Filho BP Tags: Antonie Van Leeuwenhoek Source Type: journals

The Effect of Antifungal Timing on Mortality in Cancer Patients with Candidemia.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Prior studies have shown that delays in treatment are associated with increased mortality in patients with candidemia. The purpose of this study was to measure three separate time periods comprising the diagnosis and treatment of candidemia and to determine which one(s) are associated with hospital mortality. Patients with a positive blood culture for Candida were identified. Subjects were excluded if no antifungal therapy was given or if there was preexisting antifungal therapy. Collected data included: time from blood culture collection to positivity (incubation period), time from blood culture positivity to provider...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Taur Y, Cohen N, Dubnow S, Paskovaty A, Seo SK Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Susceptibility testing of Candida species to echinocandins: comparison of EUCAST EDef 7.1, CLSI M27-A3, Etest, disk diffusion and agar-dilution using RPMI and IsoSensitest medium.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In conclusion, no test was perfect but anidulafungin susceptibility testing using WT-UL to define susceptibility reliably identified fks hot spot mutants. PMID: 19884370 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy)
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Arendrup MC, Garcia-Effron G, Lass-Flörl C, Gomez Lopez A, Rodriguez-Tudela JL, Cuenca-Estrella M, Perlin DS Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

An A643T mutation in the transcription factor Upc2p causes constitutive ERG11 upregulation and increased fluconazole resistance in Candida albicans.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The zinc cluster transcription factor Upc2p mediates upregulation of ergosterol biosynthesis genes in response to ergosterol depletion in the fungal pathogen Candida albicans. One mechanism of acquired resistance to the antifungal drug fluconazole, which inhibits ergosterol biosynthesis, is constitutively increased expression of the ERG11 gene encoding the drug target enzyme. A G648D mutation in Upc2p has recently been shown to cause hyperactivity of the transcription factor, resulting in overexpression of ergosterol biosynthesis genes and increased fluconazole resistance. In order to investigate if gain-of-function mu...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Heilmann CJ, Schneider S, Barker KS, Rogers PD, Morschhäuser J Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals