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Chemical composition of endemic Centaurea austro-anatolica and studies of its antimicrobial activity against multi-resistant bacteria.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Hexane, chloroform, ethyl acetate and ethanolic extracts of the aerial parts of Centaurea austro-anatolica Hub.-Mor. (Asteraceae) were evaluated against microorganisms, including multiresistant bacteria, using a paper disc diffusion method. The chloroform extract exhibited significant antibacterial activity toward all bacteria tested. The chemical composition of the chloroform extract was determined by gas chromatography (GC) and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The major compounds of the extract were caryophyllene oxide (21.32 %), spathulenol (10.86 %), n-tricosanol (9.58 %) and geranyl isovalerate (8.71 ...
Source: Acta Pharmaceutica - November 20, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Ugur A, Sarac N, Ceylan O, Duru ME Tags: Acta Pharm Source Type: journals

Frequency of autoantibodies and serum complement levels in patients with visceral or cutaneous leishmaniasisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Visceral leishmaniasis can have a positive correlation with the presence of autoantibodies, possibly by triggering a predominantly humoral, systemic, type Th2 response, representing an obligatory differential diagnosis with SLE, especially in endemic areas. (Source: Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia)
Source: Revista Brasileira de Reumatologia - November 20, 2009 Category: Rheumatology Source Type: journals

Calvarial tuberculosis: A report of eleven patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion</b> : A high index of suspicion and knowledge is required for early diagnosis of calvarial tuberculosis. Surgery and antituberculous therapy remains the mainstay of treatment. (Source: Neurology India)
Source: Neurology India - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Diyora Batuk, Kumar Rajiv, Modgi Rahul, Sharma Alok Source Type: journals

Diagnostic role of whole body bone scintigraphy in atypical skeletal tuberculosis resembling multiple metastases: a case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Scintigraphic bone scanning should be kept in mind when assessing bone pain in patients at a high risk of tuberculosis infection or reactivation. We present this unusual case of multifocal skeletal tuberculosis, and stress the related clinical and diagnostic points with the aim of stimulating a high index of suspicion that could facilitate early diagnosis and appropriate treatment. (Source: BioMed Central)
Source: BioMed Central - November 20, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Majid AssadiIraj NabipourMohammad EftekhariAbdolali EbrahimiSeyed-Reza AbotorabHooman SalimipourHamid JavadiKatayon VahdatReza GhasemikhahMohsen Saghari Source Type: journals

Epidemiology of Bovine Venereal Campylobacteriosis: Geographic Distribution and Recent Advances in Molecular Diagnostic TechniquesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Bovine venereal campylobacteriosis (BVC) is a major cause of economic loss to the cattle industries in different parts of the world. Camplylobacter fetus subsp. venerealis (Cfv), the main causative agent of BVC, is highly adapted to the genital tract of cattle and is transmitted by carrier bulls. However, infertility and abortions can also be caused by the intestinal pathogens C. fetus subsp. fetus (Cff), and C. jenuni, which are not venereally transmitted. Bovine venereal campylobacteriosis, caused by Cfv associated with lowered fertility, embryo mortality and abortion, repeated returns to service, reduced pregnancy rates...
Source: Reproduction in Domestic Animals - November 20, 2009 Category: Reproduction Medicine Authors: GD Mshelia, JD Amin, Z Woldehiwet, RD Murray, GO Egwu Source Type: journals

Evidence for the exacerbation of lymphedema of geochemical origin, podoconiosis, by onchocerciasisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: The study was conducted to investigate a variation in the distribution of endemic elephantiasis previously determined to be of geochemical origin in three neighbouring and essentially homogenous villages, Bambili, Bambui and Finge of the Bambui Health District of NW Cameroon. A total of 301 subjects were examined for onchocerciasis and lymphatic filariasis in the area using standard procedures. The onchocercal microfilarial prevalence varied from 6.5% in Bambili through 20.4% in Bambui to 60.4% in Finge. The onchocercal serological prevalence based on IgG4 detection followed a similar trend. By contrast, blood mic...
Source: Journal of Infection and Public Health - November 19, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Fidelis Cho-Ngwa, Alfred Ngwa Amambua, Melvin Anyasi Ambele, Vincent P.K. Titanji Tags: Original Articles Source Type: journals

Physicochemical and Genetic Analysis of an Endemic Rice Variety, Njavara (Oryza sativa L.), in Comparison to Two Popular South Indian Cultivars, Jyothi (PTB 39) and IR 64Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Volume 0, Issue 0, Articles ASAP (As Soon As Publishable). (Source: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry)
Source: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry - November 19, 2009 Category: Food Science Tags: article Source Type: journals

Clinical Review: Diagnosis and management of dengueEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article in the BMJ reviews the diagnosis and treatment of dengue and addresses the following questions: . What causes dengue and how is it transmitted? . What are the clinical features of dengue? . Which haematological and biochemical abnormalities occur in dengue? . What are the neurological manifestations in dengue? . How to make definitive diagnosis? . What predisposes a patient to developing dengue haemorrhagic fever? . How to treat dengue fever? . How might dengue be prevented? ...
Source: NeLM - Travel medicine - November 19, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: organizations

Pleistocene glaciations and contemporary genetic diversity in a Beringian fish, the broad whitefish, Coregonus nasus (Pallas): inferences from microsatellite DNA variationEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The contemporary distribution of genetic variation within and among high latitude populations cannot be fully understood without taking into consideration how species responded to the impacts of Pleistocene glaciations. Broad whitefish, Coregonus nasus, a species endemic to northwest North America and the Arctic coast of Russia, was undoubtedly impacted by such events because its geographic distribution suggests that it survived solely within the Beringian refuge from where it dispersed post-glacially to achieve its current range. We used microsatellite DNA to investigate the role of glaciations in promoting intraspecific ...
Source: Journal of Evolutionary Biology - November 19, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: L. N. HARRIS, E. B. TAYLOR Source Type: journals

Surveillance of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase-producing enterobacteriaceae in a Swiss tertiary care hospital.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of ESBL-E carriage among patients coming from regions with endemic rates or those previously identified as carriers is high; on-admission screening should be considered for these high risk populations. Documented nosocomial ESBL-E transmission was low. PMID: 19924582 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Swiss Medical Weekly)
Source: Swiss Medical Weekly - November 19, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Fankhauser C, Zingg W, Francois P, Dharan S, Schrenzel J, Pittet D, Harbarth S Tags: Swiss Med Wkly Source Type: journals

Bovine respiratory syncytial virus seroprevalence and risk factors in endemic dairy cattle herdsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract The herd seroprevalence of bovine respiratory syncytial virus (BRSV) was studied in 59 dairy cattle herds using serology on random selected animals stratified by two age classes (heifers, cows). Risk factors for primary infections in heifers were investigated using a questionnaire on management conditions and data on bovine viral diarrhoea (BVD) status. At least one seropositive cow was present in all the herds. In 25% of the herds all individual were seropositive and 22% of herds had all heifers seronegative. Analysis of the influence of risk factors retained summer pasture and BVD status. In parti...
Source: Veterinary Research Communications - November 18, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Tags: Veterinary Research Communications Source Type: journals

Importance of the xenarthrans in the eco-epidemiology of Paracoccidioides brasiliensisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Members of the Xenarthra Order, especially armadillos, have some characteristics, including a weak cellular immune response and low body temperature, which make them suitable models for studying host-pathogen interaction. P. brasiliensis infection in wild animals, from PCM endemic areas, may be more common than initially postulated and reinforces the use of these animals as sentinels for the pathogen in the environment. (Source: BMC Research Notes)
Source: BMC Research Notes - November 17, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Virginia Richini-PereiraSandra BoscoRaquel TheodoroLigia BarrozoSilvia PedriniPatricia RosaEduardo Bagagli Source Type: journals

Non-invasive Methods To Detect Schistosome-based Bladder Cancer: Is The Association Sufficient For Epidemiological Use?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
UroToday.com - Urinary schistosomiasis caused by the trematode parasite Schistosoma haematobium is endemic in most of Africa. This infection is one of the world's great neglected diseases and it is a known carcinogen. The parasite is long lived, and causes sustained inflammation in the vesicular veins where the adults live for as long a 10 or 12 years. (Source: Urology / Nephrology News From Medical News Today)
Source: Urology / Nephrology News From Medical News Today - November 16, 2009 Category: Urology & Nephrology Tags: Urology / Nephrology Source Type: news

Non-invasive Methods To Detect Schistosome-based Bladder Cancer: Is The Association Sufficient For Epidemiological Use?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
UroToday.com - Urinary schistosomiasis caused by the trematode parasite Schistosoma haematobium is endemic in most of Africa. This infection is one of the world's great neglected diseases and it is a known carcinogen. The parasite is long lived, and causes sustained inflammation in the vesicular veins where the adults live for as long a 10 or 12 years. (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - November 16, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Urology / Nephrology Source Type: news

[Media Watch] Book: Handbook of tuberculosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite the availability of cheap and effective treatments, tuberculosis continues to be a major global health problem, causing an estimated 8·8 million new cases and 1·6 million deaths every year. Efforts to control tuberculosis by the consistent use of existing interventions have met with only limited success over the past decade, slowing its rate of increase but failing to make substantial progress towards the goal of tuberculosis elimination. Several advances in clinical management, molecular biology, biochemistry, immunology, and cell biology have led to accumulation of a large body of knowledge on host–pathogen i...
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - November 16, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Alimuddin Zumla Tags: Media Watch Source Type: journals

Preliminary study on temporal variations in biting activity of Simulium damnosum s.l. in Abeokuta North LGA, Ogun State NigeriaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: The results from this study showed that both the forest and the savannah dwelling groups of S. damnosum s.l. were caught biting in the study area. This could have implications on the transmission and epidemiology of human onchocerciasis if not monitored. (Source: Parasites and Vectors)
Source: Parasites and Vectors - November 16, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Akinola OluwoleUwem EkpoChiedu MafianaClement AdeofunOlufunmilayo Idowu Source Type: journals

Determinants of bednet ownership and use in visceral leishmaniasis-endemic areas of the Indian subcontinentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion Given the inequity in commercial bednet ownership, free distribution of insecticide-treated bednets to the general population seems imperative to achieve a mass effect on vector density. (Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health)
Source: Tropical Medicine and International Health - November 16, 2009 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: V. Vanlerberghe, S. P. Singh, I. S. Paudel, B. Ostyn, A. Picado, A. Sánchez, S. Rijal, S. Sundar, C. Davies, M. Boelaert Source Type: journals

Documenting the health consequences of endemic warfare in three pastoralist communities of northern Kenya: A conceptual framework. - Pike IL, Straight B, Oesterle M, Hilton C, Lanyasunya A.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
[ePub (volume, issue, and page range not yet available)] Violent conflict represents the third most important source of mortality around the world, yet violence-related mortality remains profoundly undercounted (Krug, Dahlberg, Mercy, Zwi, & Lozano... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - November 15, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Economics of Injury and Safety, PTSD, Injury Outcomes Source Type: info

New DNA data solves the mystery of Falklands wolf that puzzled DarwinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
While visiting the rugged Falkland Islands in the 1830s, Charles Darwin puzzled over a local wolf that was the only endemic land-dwelling mammal and looked little like other canids on the mainland. By 1876, the Falklands wolf ( Dusicyon australis ) was extinct and with it threatened to go its mysterious history. But a new genetic analysis of five preserved specimens, published online last week in Current Biology , has chased away speculation about these baffling animals. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - November 14, 2009 Category: Science Tags: Biology,History of Science,Everyday Science,Basic Science,Evolution,Evolutionary Biology,Ecology Source Type: journals

New DNA data solves the mystery of the Falklands wolf that puzzled DarwinEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
While visiting the rugged Falkland Islands in the 1830s, Charles Darwin puzzled over a local wolf that was the only endemic land-dwelling mammal and looked little like other canids on the mainland. By 1876, the Falklands wolf ( Dusicyon australis ) was extinct and with it threatened to go its mysterious history. But a new genetic analysis of five preserved specimens, published online last week in Current Biology , has chased away speculation about these baffling animals. [More] (Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed)
Source: Scientific American - Official RSS Feed - November 14, 2009 Category: Science Tags: Biology,History of Science,Everyday Science,Basic Science,Evolution,Evolutionary Biology,Ecology Source Type: journals

Prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis among 13- to 15-year-old school children of an area known for endemic fluorosis: Nalgonda district of Andhra PradeshEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion:</b> There is a high prevalence of mild-to-moderate fluorosis in Nalgonda district, even in areas with optimal fluoride levels in water. (Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry)
Source: Journal of Indian Society of Pedodontics and Preventive Dentistry - November 14, 2009 Category: Dentistry Authors: Sudhir K M, Prashant G M, Subba Reddy V V, Mohandas U, Chandu G N Source Type: journals

Role of Wild Suids in the Epidemiology of African Swine FeverEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract There is presently no vaccine to combat African swine fever (ASF), a viral hemorrhagic fever of domestic pigs that causes up to 100% morbidity and mortality in naive, commercial pig populations. In its endemic setting, ASF virus cycles between asymptomatic warthogs and soft ticks, with persistence in exotic locations being ascribed to the almost global distribution of susceptible soft tick and suid hosts. An understanding of the role played by diverse hosts in the epidemiology of this multi-host disease is crucial for effective disease control. Unlike the intensively studied Ornithodoros tick vector...
Source: EcoHealth - November 14, 2009 Category: Environmental Health Tags: EcoHealth Source Type: journals

Dissemination of Methicillin‐Resistant Staphylococcus aureus USA300 Sequence Type 8 Lineage in Latin AmericaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion. A variant CA‐MRSA USA300 clone has become established in South America and, in some countries, is endemic in hospital settings. (Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue)
Source: Clinical Infectious Diseases Latest Issue - November 13, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Tags: article MAJOR ARTICLE Source Type: journals

Mycoses in the elderlyEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract Infections with dermatophytes are more prevalent in the elderly than in non-elderly adults; risk factors include local trophic disturbances, underlying diseases such as diabetes and a reduced oxygen supply due to diminished blood circulation. Vaginal mycoses are seldom found. In systemic yeast infections in patients of advanced age, Candida glabrata plays a relatively important role. The dimorphic fungus Coccidioides immitis is more prevalent in the elderly in endemic areas. Although there is no higher susceptibility to moulds in this age group, there are certain situations increasing the risk. The m...
Source: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases - November 13, 2009 Category: Microbiology Tags: European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

[Comment] An affordable cholera vaccine: an important step forwardEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The cholera epidemic in Zimbabwe, which has claimed over 4000 lives since August, 2008, has refocused the world's attention on strategies to prevent cholera. Such devastating cholera outbreaks, increasingly common as a result of sudden movements of populations and natural disasters, represent the tip of the iceberg and add to the regular burden of endemic cholera. WHO reported 236 896 cholera cases worldwide in 2006, an increase of 79% over the previous year, although these figures are thought to represent only 5–10% of actual cases. For regions of the world beset with endemic cholera, such as southeast Asia and eastern...
Source: LANCET - November 13, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Saranya Sridhar Tags: Comment Source Type: journals

[Comment] Dengue in Cuba: research strategy to support dengue controlEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In recognition of the importance of research for human health, Cuba has been working hard to improve its capacity to face infectious diseases. Among these, dengue, an arthropod-borne disease caused by dengue viruses and transmitted by the Aedes aegypti mosquito, occupies a major position, when we consider that Cuba is surrounded by endemic countries and thus at risk of virus introduction. (Source: LANCET)
Source: LANCET - November 13, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Maria G Guzmán, Gustavo Kourí Tags: Comment Source Type: journals

[Articles] Efficacy and safety of a modified killed-whole-cell oral cholera vaccine in India: an interim analysis of a cluster-randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled trialEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Oral cholera vaccines consisting of killed whole cells have been available for many years, but they have not been used extensively in populations with endemic disease. An inexpensive, locally produced oral killed-whole-cell vaccine has been used in high-risk areas in Vietnam. To expand the use of this vaccine, it was modified to comply with WHO standards. We assessed the efficacy and safety of this modified vaccine in a population with endemic cholera. (Source: LANCET)
Source: LANCET - November 13, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Dipika Sur, Anna Lena Lopez, Suman Kanungo, Allison Paisley, Byomkesh Manna, Mohammad Ali, Swapan K Niyogi, Jin Kyung Park, Banawarilal Sarkar, Mahesh K Puri, Deok Ryun Kim, Jacqueline L Deen, Jan Holmgren, Rodney Carbis, Raman Rao, Nguyen Thu Van, Allan Tags: Articles Source Type: journals

Longterm care: life is still a postcode lotteryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite attempts to reform the longterm care system problems are still endemic. (Source: Telegraph Health)
Source: Telegraph Health - November 12, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Longterm care still a postcode lotteryEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Despite attempts to reform the longterm care system problems are still endemic. (Source: Telegraph Health)
Source: Telegraph Health - November 12, 2009 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: long term care PCT care trust dementia Source Type: news

Leprosy control activities integration into the general health system, in the endemic area of South Gujarat regionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Chudasama Rajesh K, Solanki Bharat CIndian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology, and Leprology 2009 75(6):611-613 (Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology)
Source: Indian Journal of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprology - November 12, 2009 Category: Dermatology Authors: Chudasama Rajesh K, Solanki Bharat C Source Type: journals

First report of a North American invasive mosquito species Ochlerotatus atropalpus (Coquillett) in the Netherlands, 2009Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In late August and early September 2009, numerous larvae, pupae, and actively flying adult specimens of Ochlerotatus atropalpus were discovered in the Province of Brabant, southern Netherlands, during surveillance activities for Aedes albopictus at two trading companies that import used tires. No Ae. albopictus were found. Both companies mainly import used tires from countries in Europe, but also from North America. Oc. atropalpus is endemic to North America and has so far only been found outside of its endemic range in Europe, namely France and Italy, where it was subsequently eradicated. A preliminary modelling study sho...
Source: Eurosurveillance latest news - November 12, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: journals

Molecular Detection of Leishmania infantum in Wild Rodents (Rattus norvegicus) in GreeceEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Leishmania infantum and Leishmania tropica are the species responsible for visceral leishmaniasis and cutaneous leishmaniasis respectively. In Greece, both diseases are endemic. The dog is considered the main reservoir of L. infantum, whereas the role of other animals for both L. infantun and L. tropica is unknown. Spleens from wild Rattus norvegicus, live trapped in Greece, were examined for the presence of Leishmania parasites by PCR. Out of 16 samples examined, only one was found positive for L. infantum with scant amount of parasitic DNA present. This is the first documented case of detection of L. infantum in R. norve...
Source: Zoonoses and Public Health - November 12, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: E. Papadogiannakis, G. Spanakos, V. Kontos, P. G. Menounos, N. Tegos, N. Vakalis Source Type: journals

Spatial risk profiling of Plasmodium falciparum parasitaemia in a high endemicity area in Cote d'IvoireEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: It is argued that a massive increase in bed net coverage, particularly in villages in close proximity to rivers, in concert with other control measures, is necessary to bring malaria endemicity down to intermediate or low levels. (Source: Malaria Journal)
Source: Malaria Journal - November 11, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Giovanna RasoKigbafori SiluePenelope VounatsouBurton SingerAhoua YapiMarcel TannerJuerg UtzingerEliezer N'Goran Source Type: journals

A variant of the Southern German clone of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus is predominant in CroatiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Clin Microbiol Infect The aim of the present study was to investigate the antibiotic susceptibility patterns and molecular epidemiology of clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) isolates recovered in 24 hospitals in 20 cities in Croatia from October to December 2004. A total of 1815 consecutive S. aureus isolates were recovered, 248 of which were MRSA. The MRSA isolates were analysed using spa typing, multilocus sequence typing and SCCmec typing. Furthermore, the presence of Panton[ndash]Valentine leukocidin (PVL) genes was determined as a genetic marker for community-associated MRSA. The MRSA prevalen...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - November 11, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: A. Budimir, R. H. Deurenberg, Z. Bo[scaron]njak, E. E. Stobberingh, H. Cetkovic, S. Kalenic Source Type: journals

Anopheles hervyi in Niger: no evidence for a role in Plasmodium falciparum transmissionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Anopheles hervyi is an endemic mosquito species with a very limited spatial distribution in the south east of Niger. No new captures have been reported since the 1960s and its role in malaria transmission has not been studied. In the present study, the use of CDC light traps showed it to be much more abundant than previously found but there was no evidence to suggest it was a malaria vector in this region. The larval habitats have not been identified but the potential role of a saline lake in determining the distribution of this species is discussed. (Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology)
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 10, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: R. LABBO, C. CZEHER, A. DJIBRILA, I. ARZIKA, I. JEANNE, J.B. DUCHEMIN Source Type: journals

Hepatobiliary fascioliasis: imaging characteristics with a new finding.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: Hepatobiliary fascioliasis is a rare disease which may have typical imaging findings in the liver and bile ducts as seen in our patients. Imaging characteristics with clinical findings may have a diagnostic clue especially in endemic areas. PMID: 19908182 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology : The Turkish Society of Radiology)
Source: Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology : The Turkish Society of Radiology - November 10, 2009 Category: Radiology Authors: Koc Z, Ulusan S, Tokmak N Tags: Diagn Interv Radiol Source Type: journals

Spontaneous Interspecific Hybridization and Patterns of Pollen Dispersal in Ex Situ Populations of a Tree Species (Sinojackia xylocarpa) that is Extinct in the Wild.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
For endangered plants interspecific hybridization occurring in ex situ collections may lead to failure of reintroduction actions. We used Sinojackia xylocarpa, a well documented Chinese endemic species that is extinct in the wild, as a model case to address this concern. We used paternity analyses to assess the spontaneous hybridization and patterns of pollen flow between S. xylocarpa and its congener species, S. rehderiana, in conserved populations in Wuhan Botanic Garden. Interspecific hybridization events were detected in seven out of eight maternal trees of S. xylocarpa, and an average of 32.7% seeds collected from...
Source: Conservation Biology - November 10, 2009 Category: Biology Authors: Zhang JJ, Ye QG, Yao XH, Huang HW Tags: Conserv Biol Source Type: journals

Sequence analysis and pcr-rflp profiling of the hsp70 Gene as a valuable tool for identifying Leishmania species associated with human leishmaniasis in Brazil.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Since the first report of the genus Leishmania, many species have been described. In Brazil, human leishmaniasis has been associated with eight Leishmania species, of which seven are responsible for cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL). In some endemic areas, CL is associated with only one species; however, in other areas, such as the Amazon, the etiology of CL can be assigned to many species. The multitude of highly similar Leishmania species in Brazil makes it difficult to develop an appropriate method of typing them. Most Leishmania species were first described based on epidemiological and biological characteristics, and th...
Source: Infection, Genetics and Evolution - November 10, 2009 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Silva LA, Sousa CD, Graça GC, Porrozzi R, Cupolillo E Tags: Infect Genet Evol Source Type: journals

Fascioliasis: can Cuba conquer this emerging parasitosis?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Fascioliasis, an emerging parasitic infection, impacts significantly on both veterinary and human health worldwide. Endemic foci are not limited only to areas of extensive livestock farming, but owing to the parasite's abilities to colonise new intermediate hosts and adapt to new environments, also occur in other places, including Cuba. In Cuba, despite a high prevalence of fascioliasis in livestock, and the widespread occurrence of two potential intermediate hosts, human infection has decreased steadily over the past 10 years. In other parts of the world, human fascioliasis is apparently becoming more frequent. Proble...
Source: Trends in Parasitology - November 10, 2009 Category: Parasitology Authors: Rojas L, Vazquez A, Domenech I, Robertson LJ Tags: Trends Parasitol Source Type: journals

Accuracy of a multispecies rapid diagnostic test kit for detection of malarial parasite at the point of care in a low endemicity regionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: Although highly accurate rapid diagnostic tests (RDT) for Plasmodium falciparum [based on identification of histidine-rich protein-2 (PfHRP2)] have been developed, the accuracy of non-falciparum tests is relatively poor. Recently, a Plasmodium vivax-specific RDT [based on identification of species-specific lactate dehydrogenase (PvLDH)] became available, which along with PfHRP2 may improve malaria diagnosis by identifying the species correctly. A cross-sectional hospital-based study was designed to evaluate the diagnostic accuracy of FalciVax, a commercially available PfHRP2- and PvLDH-based RDT (index test), usin...
Source: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - November 9, 2009 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: M. Meena, D. Joshi, R. Joshi, S. Sridhar, S. Waghdhare, N. Gangane, S.P. Kalantri Tags: Malaria Source Type: journals

A cross-sectional study on the clinical and immunological spectrum of human Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi infection in the Brazilian Amazon regionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The objectives of this study were to identify individuals with symptomatic and/or asymptomatic infection due to Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi; to study the two types of infection, both clinically and immunologically, and to determine the prevalence rate of infection at the beginning of the study. This was a cross-sectional study with a cohort of 946 individuals, of both genders, from the age of 1 year, living in the municipality of Barcarena, PA, Brazil, an area endemic for American visceral leishmaniasis (AVL). The leishmanin skin test (LST) and the indirect fluorescent test (IFAT), were used for the diagnosis of infec...
Source: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - November 9, 2009 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: José Ângelo B. Crescente, Fernando T. Silveira, Ralph Lainson, Claudia M.C. Gomes, Márcia D. Laurenti, Carlos E.P. Corbett Tags: Leishmaniasis Source Type: journals

Sleeping arrangements under long-lasting impregnated mosquito nets: differences during low and high malaria transmission seasonsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Summary: Sleeping arrangements under long-lasting impregnated nets (LLIN) were recorded in 2467 households during the low malaria transmission season (May–June 2007) and the same families were followed up during the high malaria transmission season (December 2007–January 2008) in two malaria-endemic areas of Sri Lanka. Approximately 800 households each from the three main ethnic groups were studied. The number of families lost to follow-up was 68. A significant increase was seen in the proportion of households using LLINs the previous night during the high transmission season (96%) compared with the low transmission se...
Source: Transactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene - November 9, 2009 Category: Tropical Medicine Authors: S.D. Fernando, R.R. Abeyasinghe, G.N.L. Galappaththy, N. Gunawardena, A.C.R. Ranasinghe, L.C. Rajapaksa Tags: Malaria Source Type: journals

The high incidence of esophageal cancer in parts of China may result primarily from genetic rather than environmental factorsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study examined the impact of changing environments on esophageal cancer by comparing age-standardized mortality rates of immigrant group to the rates of native population (natives who live in high cancer location and have never moved) and host populations (hosts who live in low cancer location and have never moved people). All ESCC deaths taking place during 1999[ndash]2004 among the migrant, native, and host populations were identified by retrospective population-based screening. Direct age-adjusted mortality rates were calculated by using the China population of year 2000 as standard population. From 1999[ndash]2004...
Source: Diseases of the Esophagus - November 9, 2009 Category: Gastroenterology Authors: Hexi Zhang, Zhichao Chen, Jinpeng Cheng, Xiaoling Zhu, Weiren Guo, Andong Hu, Yukai Du, Yikai Zhou, Youjie Wang Source Type: journals

Prevalence Estimates of Antibodies Towards Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus in Small Ruminants in UgandaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This study summarizes results of serological investigations of sheep and goats for antibodies to FMDV from four districts in 2006 following an FMD outbreak in the region and from an attempted comprehensive random sampling in two districts in 2007. Antibodies were quantified and serotyped using competitive ELISA for antibodies towards non-structural proteins (NSP) and structural proteins towards serotype O, and blocking ELISA for antibodies towards the seven serotypes of FMD virus (FMDV). In 2006, sheep and goats in Bushenyi and Isingiro districts were free from antibodies towards FMDV, while herds in Kasese and Mbarara dis...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - November 9, 2009 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. N. Balinda, K. Tjørnehøj, V. B. Muwanika, A. K. Sangula, F. N. Mwiine, C. Ayebazibwe, C. Masembe, H. R. Siegismund, S. Alexandersen Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLES Source Type: journals

A fatal case of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in the State of Delaware.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: We believe that this is the first reported case of transfusion-transmitted babesiosis in Delaware, a nonendemic state. Our case illustrates that clinicians should consider babesiosis in the differential diagnosis of immunocompromised patients who have fever and recent transfusion history, even in areas where babesiosis is not endemic. It also demonstrates the need for better preventive strategies including more sensitive, specific, and rapid blood donor screening tests to prevent transfusion-transmitted babesiosis. PMID: 19906041 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)
Source: Transfusion - November 9, 2009 Category: Hematology Authors: Zhao Y, Love KR, Hall SW, Beardell FV Tags: Transfusion Source Type: journals

Testing blood donors for Chagas disease in the Paris area, France: first results after 18 months of screening.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSION: The efficiency of blood donor screening programs could be improved by screening only blood donors who were born in LA or who have traveled in LA for extended periods, using a single enzyme immunoassay. PMID: 19906038 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Transfusion)
Source: Transfusion - November 9, 2009 Category: Hematology Authors: El Ghouzzi MH, Boiret E, Wind F, Brochard C, Fittere S, Paris L, Mazier D, Sansonetti N, Bierling P Tags: Transfusion Source Type: journals

Plant-derived antimalarial agents: new leads and efficient phythomedicines. Part I. Alkaloids.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Malaria remains one of the most serious world health problem and the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the endemic regions. Brazil is among the 30 high-burden countries and most of the cases occur in the Legal Amazonian Region. New chemotherapeutical agents are needed for the treatment of malaria. Many plant species are used in traditional medicines of malarious countries and a relatively few number of these have been investigated for evaluation of their antimalarial effect. Still lower is the number of those that have had the active natural compounds isolated and the toxicity determined. This area is, then, of...
Source: An Acad Bras Cienc - November 8, 2009 Category: Science Authors: Oliveira AB, Dolabela MF, Braga FC, Jácome RL, Varotti FP, Póvoa MM Tags: An Acad Bras Cienc Source Type: journals

Prevention of strongyloides hyperinfection syndrome: a rheumatological point of view.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS: Since there is no evidence on the prophylaxis of SHS in immunosuppressed rheumatic patients, the suggested regimen for that prophylaxis may rely on the results obtained from therapeutical studies. Ivermectin has the best safety profile, lower cost and best efficacy and should be the drug of choice for the prophylaxis of SHS in such patients. Although a definitive prophylactic regimen has not been defined, the option for 200 microg/kg/day for 2 days, repeated within 2 weeks, seems to be a reasonable approach. Such regimen should be repeated every 6 months in case of persisting immunosuppression in permanent res...
Source: European Journal of Internal Medicine - November 8, 2009 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Santiago M, Leitão B Tags: Eur J Intern Med Source Type: journals

CCP Wins Worldwide Malaria Prevention Grant from USAID Worth an Estimated $100 MillionEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health s Center for Communication Programs has been awarded a five year grant from the United States Agency for International Development (USAID) to ensure the distribution and proper use of long-lasting insecticide treated bed nets (LLINs) in malaria endemic countries. The new project, called NetWorks will partner with the Malaria Consortium, Catholic Relief Services and hundreds of local agencies across Africa and parts of Asia. The project will have an estimated cost of up to $100 million. (Source: Public Health News Headlines from Johns Hopkins)
Source: Public Health News Headlines from Johns Hopkins - November 7, 2009 Category: Global & Universal Tags: News Health Source Type: news

False-positive widal in melioidosisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Valsalan Rohith, Shubha S, Mukhopadhyay C, Saravu K, Maneesh M, Shastry B A, Rau N R, Pandit V R, Gonsalves HazelIndian Journal of Medical Sciences 2009 63(10):464-467Enteric fever is endemic in this part of the world, and Widal test is one of the time-honored laboratory tests that are being used for years to diagnose the disease. On the other hand, melioidosis is a newly emerging disease from this region, which is most often misdiagnosed or underdiagnosed by clinicians. It is well accepted that false-positive Widal reactions following certain non-typhoid Salmonella infections may occur commonly. Three cases of high titers...
Source: Indian Journal of Medical Sciences - November 7, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Valsalan Rohith, Shubha S, Mukhopadhyay C, Saravu K, Maneesh M, Shastry B A, Rau N R, Pandit V R, Gonsalves Hazel Source Type: journals