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Gonorrhoea cases soar 25 pct in England as superbugs take hold
LONDON (Reuters) - Gonorrhoea cases have soared by 25 percent in the past year in England as superbug or drug-resistant strains of the sexually transmitted infection (STI) take hold worldwide, British health officials said on Wednesday. (Source: Reuters: Health)
Source: Reuters: Health - February 27, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: healthNews Source Type: news

Cases of 'untreatable gonorrhoea' soar by 25 per cent
The disease is becoming more resistant to treatment, the Health Protection Agency has warned, with 20,000 cases diagnosed in 2011. (Source: the Mail online | Health)
Source: the Mail online | Health - February 27, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

HPA launches action plan on gonorrhoea
Plan to tackle STI and resistance to treatmentRelated items from OnMedicaBig rise in drug resistant gonorrhoeaCefixime no longer first line for gonorrhoea Gonorrhoea may become untreatable, European body warnsUnder-25s risk chlamydia through embarrassmentSocial media could help to cut STIs (Source: OnMedica Latest News)
Source: OnMedica Latest News - February 27, 2013 Category: UK Health Source Type: news

Action on 'untreatable' gonorrhoea
Health experts in England and Wales are on high alert for "untreatable" gonorrhoea that, in some countries, has developed resistance to antibiotics. (Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition)
Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition - February 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Action plan launched to combat untreatable gonorrhoea in UK
The UK's Health Protection Agency (HPA) has launched an action plan to combat the threat of "untreatable" gonorrhoea. (Source: Pharmaceutical Technology)
Source: Pharmaceutical Technology - February 26, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

New action plan launched to combat emerging threat of untreatable gonorrhoea in England and Wales
The first Gonorrhoea Resistance Action Plan for England and Wales is published today, recommending a heightened national response to combat this serious threat. The Action Plan was developed by the Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobials Surveillance Programme (GRASP), established by the Health Protection Agency (HPA) to monitor the growing global problem of emerging resistance over the last decade in the absence of new therapeutic options. (Source: Health Protection Agency)
Source: Health Protection Agency - February 26, 2013 Category: UK Health Source Type: news

Retrospective study of the effect of enhanced systematic sexually transmitted infection screening, facilitated by the use of electronic patient records, in an HIV‐infected cohort
ConclusionsThese data show that implementing systematic, frequent and routine STI screening led to a large increase in detected STIs in this HIV‐infected cohort. This process is greatly enhanced by the use EPRs. (Source: HIV Medicine)
Source: HIV Medicine - February 21, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: G Brook, J McSorley, A Shaw Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Unsafe sex linked to rise in HIV rates in gay men
Conclusion The study has identified two main factors that have impacted HIV rates among MSM in the UK – condom use and antiretroviral therapy (ART). It also found that if there was more HIV testing and ART was started immediately after diagnosis, the rates of the disease could be reduced further. Other studies, such as surveys of MSM, have also found an increase in condomless sex after the introduction of effective ART. In the UK, ART is usually only started once a person's CD4 cell count (a measure of immune function) falls to below 350 cells/mm3. The authors note that randomised controlled trials (RCTs) have not y...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 18, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Medical practice Lifestyle/exercise Source Type: news

The pictorial atlas of common genito-urinary medicine
The words ‘Pictorial Atlas’ in this book's title had me eagerly anticipating its arrival and it does indeed feature pictures on almost every page. The author built up a collection of photographs during his 30 years of working in genitourinary medicine (GUM) in the UK and Saudi Arabia and describes the book as a ‘pictorial supplement’ to standard works on GUM. The first chapter summarises the anatomy and function of the genitalia and reproductive organs. Although generally concise and clear, a little more 'applied' anatomy might have been helpful such as the landmarks for a bimanual examination....
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - February 18, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Redfern, B. Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: research

Effectiveness of gentamicin for gonorrhoea treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions Gentamicin does not meet current CDC criteria for recommended treatment of gonorrhoea. However, if cephalosporin resistance emerges, gentamicin may be a useful alternative agent. Evaluation of additional regimens, including combination therapy, is warranted. (Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal)
Source: Postgraduate Medical Journal - February 15, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Dowell, D., Kirkcaldy, R. D. Tags: Sexual transmitted infections (bacterial), Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases Original articles Source Type: research

Real-time laboratory surveillance of sexually-transmissible infections in Marseille University hospitals reveals rise of gonorrhoea, syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus seroconversions in 2012
(Source: Eurosurveillance latest news)
Source: Eurosurveillance latest news - February 13, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Combination therapy for gonorrhoea: in vitro synergy testing
Conclusions The results obtained support the gonorrhoea treatment currently recommended in the UK national guidelines and suggest that gentamicin with azithromycin could be a future treatment option. The in vivo activity and efficacy of these combinations remain unknown and prospective clinical studies should be addressed. (Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - February 7, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Pereira, R., Cole, M. J., Ison, C. A. Tags: Original research Source Type: research

Antimicrobial susceptibility and genetic characteristics of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates from India, Pakistan and Bhutan in 2007--2011
Conclusions: Based on this study, ceftriaxone, cefixime, and spectinomycin can be used as an empirical first-line therapy for gonorrhoea in India, Pakistan, and Bhutan, whereas ciprofloxacin, penicillin G, tetracycline, erythromycin, and azithromycin should not be. It is imperative to strengthen the laboratory infrastructure in this region, as well as to expand the phenotypic and genetic surveillance of antimicrobial resistance, emergence of new resistance, particularly, to extended-spectrum cephalosporins, and molecular epidemiology. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - January 24, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Sunil SethiDaniel GolparianManju BalaDorji DorjiMuhammad IbrahimKausar JabeenMagnus Unemo Source Type: research

Highlights from this issue
Welcome to this special issue of sexually transmitted infection (STI) on reinfection and retesting. This collection was inspired by a number of presentations at ISSTDR in Quebec City, 2011 discussing reinfection and retesting, well, repeatedly. We are grateful to the authors who have submitted their work to this issue. One of the most consistent observations in clinical epidemiology is that the strongest risk factor for most repeatable diseases or adverse outcomes is a history of that same disease or outcome. People with STI get STIs. This has been a central tenant of STI epidemiology for decades, and at least intermittent...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 21, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Turner, K. M. E., Golden, M. Tags: Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, HIV / AIDS, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, HIV infections, Screening (epidemiology), Confidentiality, Screening (public health) Whistlestop tour Source Type: research

High rates of reinfection and incidence of bacterial sexually transmitted infections in a cohort of female sex workers from two Indian cities: need for different STI control strategies?
Conclusions High rates of STIs persisted despite the interventions due to poor condom use, minimal partner treatment, and high prevalence and incidence of STIs with a large proportion of asymptomatic infections. High-prevalence FSW sites in India need to design more effective partner treatment strategies and consider increasing the frequency of presumptive treatment as a temporary measure for quickly reducing STI prevalence, with renewed emphasis on consistent condom use with all partners. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 21, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Das, A., Pathni, A. K., Narayanan, P., George, B., Morineau, G., Saidel, T., Prabhakar, P., Deshpande, G. R., Gangakhedkar, R., Mehendale, S., Risbud, A. Tags: Open access, Reproductive medicine, Condoms, Gonorrhoea, Sex workers Health services research Source Type: research

Enterobius vermicularis infection of female genital tract
A 28-year-old woman with no past history of clinical significance presented for an evaluation of a 10-day history of copious, foul-smelling, brown and mucoid vaginal discharge. Tests for gonorrhoea, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, bacterial vaginosis and candidiasis were all negative. Microscopic examination of a concentrated cervico-vaginal lavage sample revealed ova of Enterobius vermicularis accompanied with numerous inflammatory cells (figure 1). No ova, cysts and parasites were found on three faecal and cellulose tape samples. Despite severe vaginal infestation, she experienced no abdominal, perianal or urethral irritation...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 21, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Abdolrasouli, A., Roushan, A., Hart, J. Tags: Miscellaneous Source Type: research

Repeat infection with gonorrhoea in Sheffield, UK: predictable and preventable?
Conclusions Groups most at risk of repeat infection with gonorrhoea are highly predictable but are disinclined to provide detailed information on their sexual behaviour. Care pathways including targeted and intensive one-to-one risk reduction counselling, effective partner notification and offers of re-testing could deliver considerable public health benefit. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 21, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Hughes, G., Nichols, T., Peters, L., Bell, G., Leong, G., Kinghorn, G. Tags: Gonorrhoea, Confidentiality, Health education Epidemiology Source Type: research

Chlamydia trachomatis re-infections in a population-based cohort of women
Conclusions Younger age is a strong predictor of chlamydia re-infection in women. The results support targeting interventions to prevent re-infections to very young women. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 21, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Liu, B., Guy, R., Donovan, B., Kaldor, J. M. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Ophthalmology, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea Epidemiology Source Type: research

Clinical round-up
Huge burden of undiagnosed gonorrhoea and Chlamydia due to sole testing of urogenital sites While routine multi-site testing for gonorrhoea and Chlamydia in men who have sex with men (MSM) is increasingly becoming the standard of care, the same is not true for heterosexual women who may also practice oral and anal sexual intercourse. A group of Dutch investigators have reported a study exploring the number of missed infections if only the urogenital site was tested using nucleic acid amplification tests.1 Sampling of the urogenital site was considered to be urine or swabs taken from the urethra, vagina or cervix. A missed ...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 21, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Desai, M. Tags: Liver disease, Drugs: infectious diseases, Hepatitis and other GI infections, HIV/AIDS, Vaccination / immunisation, Reproductive medicine, Ophthalmology, Respiratory medicine, Hepatitis (sexual health), HIV / AIDS, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, HIV infections, O Source Type: research

Predictors of repeat Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections among African-American adolescent women
Conclusions Repeat chlamydia and/or gonorrhoea infections are common among African-American adolescent women. Among young African-American women who test positive for chlamydia and/or gonorrhoea, tailored interventions for more impulsive adolescents and those not in a relationship may reduce risk of repeat infections. Given the high numbers of repeat infections after receipt of an evidence-based intervention, enhanced screening and treatment services for young men may be warranted. Clinical Trials Registration http://www.clinicaltrials.gov (NCT00279799) (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - January 21, 2013 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Swartzendruber, A., Sales, J. M., Brown, J. L., Davis, T. L., DiClemente, R. J., Rose, E. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Ophthalmology, Adolescent health, Child health, HIV / AIDS, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, HIV infections, Screening (epidemiology), Screening (public health) Source Type: research

Sexually transmitted infections in older men
Anybody who has a new sexual partner is at risk of a sexually transmitted infection (STI), whatever their age. The latest Health Protection Agency (HPA) data on STIs in England show new STI diagnoses from 2010 to 2011 rose by 2% to 426,867 cases, primarily associated with increased rates of gonorrhoea, syphilis and genital herpes. While young heterosexuals (15–24 years old) and men who have sex with men (MSM) remained at highest risk, the percentage of STIs in the older age groups is also increasing and are considerably higher for men than women in all the older age ranges (). Data from the USA (Centers for Disease Contr...
Source: Maturitas - December 26, 2012 Category: Primary Care Authors: Jackie Sherrard, Emma Wainwright Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

Epidemiology of chlamydia and gonorrhoea among Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians, 2000-2009.
CONCLUSIONS: Chlamydia and gonorrhoea notification rates have increased in both populations but were higher among Indigenous people. Our findings highlight the need for targeted prevention programs for young people, especially Indigenous Australians residing in remote areas. PMID: 23230936 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Med J Aust)
Source: Med J Aust - December 10, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Graham S, Guy RJ, Donovan B, McManus H, Su JY, El-Hayek C, Kwan KS, Dyda A, Wand HC, Ward JS Tags: Med J Aust Source Type: research

Frequent occurrence of undiagnosed pelvic inflammatory disease in remote communities of central Australia.
Conclusion: Pelvic inflammatory disease occurred frequently among Aboriginal women in central Australia during the study period but was vastly underdiagnosed and poorly treated. Undiagnosed or inadequately treated PID leads to poorer reproductive health outcomes in the long term. Increased awareness of PID symptoms, diagnosis and treatment and a revision of the guidelines is needed to improve detection and management of PID in this high-risk setting. PMID: 23230937 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Med J Aust)
Source: Med J Aust - December 10, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Silver BJ, Knox J, Smith KS, S Ward J, Boyle J, J Guy R, Kaldor J, Rumbold AR Tags: Med J Aust Source Type: research

Unprotected fellatio between female sex workers and their clients in Sydney, Australia
Conclusions Condom use for fellatio by Sydney FSW varies by work location and language spoken. Health promotion targeting these at-risk women is warranted. Women working in brothels masquerading as massage parlours were particularly likely to report inconsistent condom use for fellatio. Local government reluctance to approve brothels may be contributing to this problem. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - December 3, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Read, P. J., Wand, H., Guy, R., Donovan, B., McNulty, A. M. Tags: Epidemiologic studies, Reproductive medicine, Condoms, Gonorrhoea, Sex workers, Screening (epidemiology), Screening (public health) Clinical Source Type: research

Effectiveness of gentamicin for gonorrhoea treatment: systematic review and meta-analysis
Conclusions Gentamicin does not meet current CDC criteria for recommended treatment of gonorrhoea. However, if cephalosporin resistance emerges, gentamicin may be a useful alternative agent. Evaluation of additional regimens, including combination therapy, is warranted. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - December 3, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Dowell, D., Kirkcaldy, R. D. Tags: Drugs: infectious diseases, Gonorrhoea Clinical Source Type: research

Maximising the potential of voluntary counselling and testing for HIV: sexually transmitted infections and HIV epidemiology in a population testing for HIV and its implications for practice
Conclusions With higher rates of re-attendances and STIs, the VCT programme reached the population most at risk for HIV and STIs compared with other screening programmes in Taiwan. The potential of VCT programme can be maximised in the prevention and control of HIV infection and STIs by providing tests for more STIs and counselling to avoid use of recreational drugs and to promote safe sex. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - December 3, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Wu, H., Wu, P.-Y., Li, S.-Y., Chang, S.-Y., Liu, W.-C., Wu, C.-H., Lo, Y.-C., Hsieh, C.-Y., Sun, H.-Y., Hung, C.-C. Tags: Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Ophthalmology, HIV / AIDS, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, HIV infections, Screening (epidemiology), Screening (public health) Source Type: research

The role of infectious agents in urogenital cancers
This article reviews publications available to date on the role of infectious agents in urogenital cancers. A greater understanding of the role of such agents could aid the identification of novel methods of urogenital cancer treatment. (Source: Infectious Agents and Cancer)
Source: Infectious Agents and Cancer - December 3, 2012 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kenneth AlibekNargis KaratayevaIldar Bekniyazov Source Type: research

Epidemiological treatment for chlamydia co-infection in men who have sex with men (MSM) with a presumptive diagnosis of urethral gonorrhoea in South Australia
Concomitant infection with Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG) and Chlamydia trachomatis (CT) is a reality.1–3 Ancillary treatment for CT is recommended for patients with treatment indications for NG. At Clinic 275, the only public STD clinic in South Australia, epidemiological treatment for CT co-infection is given to heterosexual men with presumptive gonococcal urethritis based on Gram stain results, but until mid-2011, men who have sex with men (MSM) were not given this epidemiological treatment under clinic guidelines. Variation in guidelines in different Australian centers existed. We wanted to determine the local co-inf...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - December 3, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Khaw, C., Li, B., Waddell, R. Tags: Letters Source Type: research

The threat of untreatable gonorrhoea: implications and consequences for reproductive and sexual morbidity
Abstract: Gonorrhoea (caused by the organism Neisseria gonorrhoeae) is one of the most commonly reported sexually transmitted infections (STIs), with 106 million new cases per year globally, according to 2008 estimates by the World Health Organization (WHO). There is growing global concern about antimicrobial resistance in N. gonorrhoeae. Only third-generation cephalosporins, the last available class of antibiotics to treat this condition, currently remain as the recommended first line treatment. If gonococcal infections become untreatable, they will cause a wide range of reproductive morbidities, including pelvic inflamma...
Source: Reproductive Health Matters - December 1, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Francis Ndowa, Manjula Lusti-Narasimhan Source Type: research

Gonorrhea: Data on antibiotic resistance and accompanying infections at the University Hospital Dresden over a 10‐year time period
Conclusions: Similar to other regions of Germany, a high percentage of resistance to quinolones was found in gonorrhea, but not to cephalosporins. Additionally, accompanying infections were frequent and warrant screening. In the light of recent cases of resistance to cephalosporins currently emerging in Europe, cultural diagnosis of gonorrhea should definitely be intensified by all means. The results should be integrated into a surveillance system. (Source: JDDG)
Source: JDDG - November 29, 2012 Category: Dermatology Authors: Susanne Abraham, Christoph Poehlmann, Petra Spornraft‐Ragaller Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

A retrospective study into the prevalence of HSV1&2 in female patients tested for CT/GC using vaginal swabs
The purpose of this study is to investigate the prevalence of herpes simplex virus (HSV) 1&2 in women screened for Chlamydia trachomatis and/or Neisseria gonorrhoea (CT/GC) infections. A total of 800 vaginal swabs were tested in a dual centre investigation, to evaluate the HSV 1&2 prevalence in this population. The average age of this population was 29.8 ± 9.2, ranging between 14 to 66 years old and a median of 28 years. The highest prevalence of HSV 1 or 2 was observed in the youngest age groups: teenagers and twenties with 5.26% and 4.31%, respectively. © 2012 The Authors Clinical Microbiology and Infection © ...
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - November 27, 2012 Category: Microbiology Authors: A. Vahidnia, I. Op den Buijs, R. Roymans, H. Bliekendaal, J. Bovenkamp Tags: Research Note ‐ online only Source Type: research

The '2012 European guideline on the diagnosis and treatment of gonorrhoea in adults' recommends dual antimicrobial therapy
(Source: Eurosurveillance latest news)
Source: Eurosurveillance latest news - November 21, 2012 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: research

Intermediate vaginal flora is associated with HIV prevalence as strongly as bacterial vaginosis in a cross-sectional study of participants screened for a randomised controlled trial
Conclusions Though the cross-sectional design of the study precludes directional interpretation of the findings, the data do suggest that IVF may be as important as BV in HIV acquisition. The authors recommend prospective research to better understand the association between IVF and HIV acquisition. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - November 19, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Guedou, F. A., Van Damme, L., Mirembe, F., Solomon, S., Becker, M., Deese, J., Crucitti, T., Alary, M. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Drugs: infectious diseases, HIV/AIDS, Pregnancy, Reproductive medicine, Candidiasis, HIV / AIDS, Gonorrhoea, Syphilis, HIV infections, Sex workers, Vulvovaginal disorders Source Type: research

Screening tests for Chlamydia trachomatis or Neisseria gonorrhoeae using the cobas 4800 PCR system do not require a second test to confirm: an audit of patients issued with equivocal results at a sexual health clinic in the Northwest of England, UK
Conclusions Equivocal reports introduce delays to patient management, while the risk of unnecessary antibiotic therapy appears acceptable to most patients. The cobas 4800 CT/NG PCR screening assay can achieve UK testing standards (PPV >90%) for chlamydia, and low prevalence gonorrhoea in urine without supplementary tests. A patient-led confirmation algorithm is proposed. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - November 19, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Hopkins, M. J., Smith, G., Hart, I. J., Alloba, F. Tags: Drugs: infectious diseases, Ophthalmology, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Screening (epidemiology), Screening (public health) Clinical Source Type: research

Antibiotics resistance growing at 'alarming' rate
More people could die from routine medical procedures as antibiotics lose their effectiveness, health chief warnsPatients should use antibiotics less because their ineffectiveness against potentially fatal bacteria is growing at a rate as alarming as climate change, the chief medical officer warns.More people could die from routine medical procedures such as heart surgery unless doctors and patients change their habits to tackle growing antibiotic resistance, Dame Sally Davies says.Patients need to stop using antibiotics to tackle mild infections, she says, adding: "Antibiotics are losing their effectiveness at a rate that...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - November 15, 2012 Category: Science Authors: Denis Campbell Tags: The Guardian News Health Health policy Society Antibiotics UK news Immunology Source Type: news

Most adolescents who participate in school-based screenings for sexually transmitted infections do not perceive themselves at high risk of sexually transmitted infection
Statements of study limitations have been made in a number of reports that voluntary participants in school-based screenings for sexually transmitted infections (STIs) may be individuals who self-select for participation because they perceive themselves at high risk of STI. We surveyed 3336 students participating in the New Orleans school-based screening for chlamydia and gonorrhoea to determine their perceived personal risk of STI. Among all screening participants, 1183 (35.5%) estimated that their chances of getting an STI were pretty high or very high and 2153 (64.5%) estimated that their chances were none, not very hig...
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS - November 15, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Nsuami, M. J., Taylor, S. N. Tags: Original research articles Source Type: research

Kenya: Teacher Rapes, Infects 12 Girls With HIV
[The Star]Police in Kuria West district are looking for a teacher who defiled 12 girls, infecting them with gonorrhoea and HIV. The 42-year-old husband of two worked at Nyamboge Primary School in Nyabohanse. (Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs)
Source: AllAfrica News: HIV-Aids and STDs - November 7, 2012 Category: Infectious Diseases Source Type: news

Identification of Neisseria gonorrhoeae isolates with a recombinant porA gene in Scotland, United Kingdom, 2010 to 2011.
Abstract Three isolates of Neisseria gonorrhoeae have been identified in Scotland in 2010 and 2011, which lack sequences in the porA pseudogene commonly used as the target for confirmatory gonorrhoea polymerase chain reaction assays. Two isolates were clustered temporally and geographically and have the same sequence type and porA sequence. A similar strain was reported in Australia during early 2011. The other Scottish isolate was identified separately and is different in sequence type and porA sequence. PMID: 22401562 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] (Source: Euro Surveill)
Source: Euro Surveill - October 3, 2012 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Eastick K, Winter A, Jamdar S Tags: Euro Surveill Source Type: research

What do we need to learn for policy decision-making on sexually transmitted infections prevention and treatment in Israel?
The rising trend of sexually transmitted infections (STIs) reported in several western countries has also affected Israel. To review epidemiological trends and to address additional issues needed for a wider overview on STIs in Israel, we analysed notified data on infectious syphilis, gonorrhoea, Chlamydia trachomatis and HIV/AIDS during 1998–2007, by age groups, and each available publication on STIs in Israel. The trend of each disease had a unique pattern, probably influenced by different screening procedures, case definition, mix of populations and better access to care for high-risk populations. Higher rates wer...
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS - October 2, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Chemtob, D., Zenilman, J., Gandacu, D. Tags: Original research articles Source Type: research

The value of testing multiple anatomic sites for gonorrhoea and chlamydia in sexually transmitted infection centres in the Netherlands, 2006-2010
National surveillance data from 2006 to 2010 of the Dutch sexually transmitted infection (STI) centres were used to analyse current practices on testing extragenital sites for chlamydia and gonorrhoea in men who have sex with men (MSM) and women. In MSM, 76.0% and 88.9% were tested at least at one extragenital site (pharyngeal and/or anorectal) for chlamydia and gonorrhoea, respectively; for women this was 20.5% and 30.2%. Testing more than one anatomic site differed by STI centre, ranging from 2% to 100%. In MSM tested at multiple sites, 63.0% and 66.5% of chlamydia and gonorrhoea diagnoses, respectively, would have been ...
Source: International Journal of STD and AIDS - October 2, 2012 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Koedijk, F. D. H., van Bergen, J. E. A. M., Dukers-Muijrers, N. H. T. M., van Leeuwen, A. P., Hoebe, C. J. P. A., van der Sande, M. A. B., on behalf of the Dutch STI centres Tags: Original research articles Source Type: research

Detection rates of Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis infections in Novosibirsk, Siberia, in 2010-2011
Mycoplasma genitalium and Chlamydia trachomatis are currently the most widespread pathogenic microorganisms that are responsible for causing urethritis, cervicitis, pelvic inflammatory disease and pathology of pregnancy. Presently, statistical records have identified the incidence of syphilis, gonorrhoea, chlamydiae, trichomoniasis, urogenital herpes and anogenital warts in the Russian Federation. However, M. genitalium infection is not monitored by statistical accounting and reporting forms. Thus, incidence of this infection among the population remains poorly known. Such data are of undeniable importance in studying the ...
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - September 25, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Khryanin, A., Reshetnikov, O. Tags: Letters Source Type: research

Chlamydia and gonorrhoea contamination of clinic surfaces
Conclusions Surface contamination with chlamydial and gonococcal rRNA can occur within sexual health clinics, but the quantity of nucleic acid detected is low and infection risk to patients and staff is small. There remains a potential risk of contamination of patient samples leading to false-positive results. (Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections)
Source: Sexually Transmitted Infections - September 25, 2012 Category: Sexual Medicine Authors: Lewis, N., Dube, G., Carter, C., Pitt, R., Alexander, S., Ison, C. A., Harding, J., Brown, L., Fryer, J., Hodson, J., Ross, J. Tags: Ophthalmology, Chlamydia, Gonorrhoea, Clinical diagnostic tests Source Type: research

Screening with nucleic acid amplification tests for gonorrhoea in men who have sex with men.
PMID: 22994826 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Med J Aust)
Source: Med J Aust - September 17, 2012 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Sherley M, Kennedy KJ, Martin SJ Tags: Med J Aust Source Type: research

Gonorrhoea cases jump by 25% in one year as government 'safe sex' campaign is criticised
There were almost 21,000 new cases of the disease in 2011, up from just under 17,000 in the preceding year, according to the latest Health Protection Agency (HPA) figures. (Source: the Mail online | Health)
Source: the Mail online | Health - September 12, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Gonorrhoea treatment resistance risk falls but new diagnoses rise
Latest Health Protection Agency (HPA) surveillance figures - released today at the Health Protection 2012 conference - indicate that, for the first time in five years, the risk of resistance developing in currently recommended gonorrhoea treatments fell slightly in 2011. (Source: Health Protection Agency)
Source: Health Protection Agency - September 12, 2012 Category: UK Health Source Type: news

Gonorrhoea cases jump 25pc in a year
Cases of gonorrhoea have jumped by 25 per cent in a single year, new official figures show, prompting criticism of the Government's 'safe sex' message for teenagers. (Source: Telegraph Health)
Source: Telegraph Health - September 12, 2012 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: condom gonorrhoea STI safe sex HPA Source Type: news

HPA publishes report on gonorrhoea treatment resistance
Source: Health Protection Agency Area: News The Health Protection Agency (HPA) has published a report detailing the findings of its Gonococcal Resistance to Antimicrobial Surveillance Programme (GRASP), which was established in 2000 to monitor trends and drifts in susceptibility to antimicrobial agents used for the treatment of gonorrhoea in England. This is the first year since the start of the programme to report a decline in decreased susceptibility/resistance to specific antimicrobials. The report notes that while this is a promising observation, it should be interpreted with some caution and the possible c...
Source: NeLM - News - September 12, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: news

The transferrin–iron import system from pathogenic Neisseria species
Summary Two pathogenic species within the genus Neisseria cause the diseases gonorrhoea and meningitis. While vaccines are available to protect against four N. meningitidis serogroups, there is currently no commercial vaccine to protect against serogroup B or against N. gonorrhoeae. Moreover, the available vaccines have significant limitations and with antibiotic resistance becoming an alarming issue, the search for effective vaccine targets to elicit long‐lasting protection against Neisseria species is becoming more urgent. One strategy for vaccine development has targeted the neisserial iron import systems. Without...
Source: Molecular Microbiology - September 7, 2012 Category: Microbiology Authors: Nicholas Noinaj, Susan K. Buchanan, Cynthia Nau Cornelissen Tags: MicroReview Source Type: research

Immediate medical care after sexual assault
Immediate needs after sexual assault include safety and privacy in the first instance, followed by treatment of injuries and prevention of unwanted pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections, including human immunodeficiency virus. Management should include risk identification of self-harm and suicide, as well as safeguarding children and vulnerable adults. Pregnancy prevention can be achieved through oral or mechanical methods of emergency contraception. Availability of emergency contraception may vary between districts and countries, depending on local laws and cultural or religious beliefs. Sexually transmitted infec...
Source: Best Practice and Research. Clinical Obstetrics and Gynaecology - September 3, 2012 Category: OBGYN Authors: Beata Cybulska Source Type: research

HIV prevalence and risk behaviours among injecting drug users in six Indonesian cities implications for future HIV prevention programs
Conclusions: Although NSP uptake has possibly reduced HIV transmission among injectors with shorter injection history, the prevalence of HIV among IDUs in Indonesia remains unacceptably high. Condom use is insufficient, which advocates for strengthening prevention of sexual transmission alongside harm reduction programs. (Source: Harm Reduction Journal)
Source: Harm Reduction Journal - September 3, 2012 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Guy MorineauLiesbeth BollenRizky Ika SyafitriNurjannah NurjannahDyah Erti MustikawatiRobert Magnani Source Type: research