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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

Five Major Psychiatric Disorders Share Genetic Link
Five common psychiatric disorders - bipolar disorder, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), autism, major depressive disorder, and schizophrenia - have been found to have the same genetic risk factors. Specifically, two variations in genes play a role in the balance of calcium in brain cells and are a common factor in a few of these disorders, and may be a goal for new treatments... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 28, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Genetics Source Type: news

Study Finds Genetic Risk Factors Shared by 5 Psychiatric Disorders
A large genetic study has identified common glitches involved in schizophrenia, bipolar disorder, autism, major depression and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. (Source: NYT Health)
Source: NYT Health - February 28, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: By GINA KOLATA Tags: Genetics and Heredity DNA (Deoxyribonucleic Acid) Schizophrenia Mental Health and Disorders Bipolar Disorder Autism Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder Source Type: news

Five psychiatric disorders 'linked'
Autism, attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder, bipolar disorder, major depressive disorder and schizophrenia all share several genetic risk factors, according to a major study. (Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition)
Source: BBC News | Health | UK Edition - February 28, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Five 'mental disorders' may have genetic links
Conclusion This study suggests that autism, ADHD, clinical depression, bipolar disorder and schizophrenia may have common genetic risk factors. The five conditions examined in this study were selected on the basis of the availability of a large genetic data set. It is unclear at this stage whether other relatively common mental health conditions (such as anxiety disorder or obsessive compulsive disorder) are also affected by these genetic variations, or whether there is overlap with other conditions. Perhaps most importantly, these variations cannot on their own predict or explain the development of autism, ADHD, depressi...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 28, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Genetics/stem cells Mental health Source Type: news

MicroRNA‐30a promotes B cell hyperactivity in patient with SLE by direct interaction with LYN
Conclusion.We herein reveal that the elevated miR‐30a is responsible for the reduction of LYN in B cell from the patients of SLE and consequently plays an important role in B cell hyperactivity. © 2013 American College of Rheumatology. (Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism)
Source: Arthritis and Rheumatism - February 28, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Yu Liu, Jie Dong, Rong Mu, Yaping Gao, Xiaorong Tan, Yuhui Li, Zhanguo Li, Guang Yang Tags: Full Length Source Type: research

Oppositional defiant disorder symptoms in relation to psychopathic traits and aggression among psychiatrically hospitalized children: ADHD symptoms as a potential moderator - Becker SP, Luebbe AM, Fite PJ, Greening L, Stoppelbein L.
Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is associated with elevated rates of psychopathic traits and aggression. However, it remains unclear if attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms exacerbate these relations, particularly in samples of chil... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - February 27, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Age: Adolescents Source Type: news

Economic impact of childhood psychiatric disorder on public sector services in Britain: estimates from national survey data
ConclusionsThere are huge costs to the public sector associated with child psychiatric disorder, particularly the education system. There is a pressing need to explore ways to reduce these costs while improving health and well‐being. (Source: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Child Psychology and Psychiatry - February 27, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Tom Snell, Martin Knapp, Andrew Healey, Sacha Guglani, Sara Evans‐Lacko, Jose‐Luis Fernandez, Howard Meltzer, Tamsin Ford Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

How to beat ADHD without prescription drugs
The latest statistics from the U.S. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) estimate that more than 5.4 million American children between the ages of four and 17 living today have been diagnosed with the behavioral disorder known as attention deficit hyperactivity... (Source: NaturalNews.com)
Source: NaturalNews.com - February 27, 2013 Category: Consumer Health Advice Source Type: news

Contaminated diet contributes to phthalate and bisphenol A exposure
(University of Washington) Phthalates and bisphenol A are synthetic endocrine-disrupting chemicals. Previous studies have linked prenatal exposure to phthalates to male reproductive system abnormalities. Fetal exposure to BPA is linked to hyperactivity, anxiety, and depression in girls. People may exposed to these chemicals in their diets, even if their food is organic and not prepared in plastic containers. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - February 27, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Methylphenidate Normalizes Resting-State Brain Dysfunction in Boys With Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder
g & Yu-Feng Wang Keywords: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder; functional magnetic resonance imaging; Imaging; Clinical or Preclinical; methylphenidate hydrochloride; Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences; Psychopharmacology; Psychostimulants; regional homogeneity; resting state (Source: Neuropsychopharmacology)
Source: Neuropsychopharmacology - February 27, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Li AnXiao-Hua CaoQing-Jiu CaoLi SunLi YangQi-Hong ZouRubia KatyaYu-Feng ZangYu-Feng Wang Tags: attention deficit hyperactivity disorder functional magnetic resonance imaging Clinical or Preclinical methylphenidate hydrochloride Psychiatry & Behavioral Sciences Psychopharmacology Psychostimulants regional homogeneity resting stat Source Type: research

A review of the psychological and familial perspectives of childhood obesity
Childhood obesity is on the rise in both industrialized and developing countries. The investigation of the psychosocial aspects of childhood obesity has been the focus of long- standing theoretical and empirical endeavor. Overweight in children and adolescents is associated with a host of psychological and social problems such as reduced school and social performance, less favorable quality of life, societal victimization and peer teasing, lower self-and body-esteem, and neuropsychological dysfunctioning. Whereas community samples of obese youngsters usually do not show elevated psychopathology, clinically-referred overwei...
Source: BioMed Central - February 25, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Yael LatzerDaniel Stein Source Type: research

Functional genetic polymorphisms in ILT3 are associated with decreased surface expression on dendritic cells and increased serum cytokines in lupus patients
Conclusions Loss-of-function polymorphisms in ILT3 are associated with increased inflammatory cytokine levels in SLE, supporting a biological role for ILT3 in SLE. (Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases)
Source: Annals of the Rheumatic Diseases - February 25, 2013 Category: Rheumatology Authors: Jensen, M. A., Patterson, K. C., Kumar, A. A., Kumabe, M., Franek, B. S., Niewold, T. B. Tags: Genetics, Immunology (including allergy), Connective tissue disease, Systemic lupus erythematosus Basic and translational research Source Type: research

Wechsler Intelligence Scale for Children 4th edition‐Chinese version index scores in Taiwanese children with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder
ConclusionThe implications of the profiles of the index scores on the WISC‐IV‐Chinese version for Taiwanese children with ADHD were explored. (Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences)
Source: Psychiatry and Clinical Neurosciences - February 25, 2013 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Pinchen Yang, Chung‐Ping Cheng, Chen‐Lin Chang, Tai‐Ling Liu, Hsiu‐Yi Hsu, Cheng‐Fang Yen Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Exelon (rivastigmine) capsules and oral solution and patches - all strengths - Novartis Pharmaceuticals UK Ltd - revised SPC
Source: eMC (electronic Medicines Compendium) Area: Other Library Updates > SPC Changes Section 4.8 Undesirable effects has been updated to include disseminated cutaneous hypersensitivity reactions (frequency not known). Additionally, decreased appetite, urinary incontinence (common), psychomotor hyperactivity (uncommon), erythema, urticaria, vesicles, allergic dermatitis (not known) have been added as additional adverse reactions that have been observed in patients with Alzheimer's dementia using Exelon transdermal patches. Depression has been removed as an adverse reaction experienced by patients with dem...
Source: NeLM - Mental Health - February 25, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Source Type: news

Abnormal hyperactivity of pallidal GABA neurons in the schizophrenia animal model established by the cytokine EGF exposure
Abstract Previous studies on a cytokine model for schizophrenia reveal that the hyperdopaminergic innervation and neurotransmission in the globus pallidus (GP) is involved in its behavioral impairments. Here we further explored the physiological consequences of the GP abnormality, using the same schizophrenia model established by perinatal exposure to epidermal growth factor (EGF). Single‐unit recordings revealed that the neural activity from the lateral GP was elevated in EGF‐treated rats in vivo and in vitro (i.e. slice preparations), whereas the central area of the GP exhibited no significant differences. The increa...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - February 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Hidekazu Sotoyama, Hisaaki Namba, Satomi Chiken, Atsushi Nambu, Hiroyuki Nawa Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Decrease of GSK3β phosphorylation in the rat nucleus accumbens core enhances cocaine‐induced hyper‐locomotor activity
Abstract Glycogen synthase kinase 3β (GSK3β), which is abundantly present in the brain, is known to contribute to psychomotor stimulant‐induced locomotor behaviors. However, most studies have been focused in showing that GSK3β is able to attenuate psychomotor stimulants‐induced hyperactivity by increasing its phosphorylation levels in the nucleus accumbens (NAcc). So, here we examined in the opposite direction about the effects of decreased phosphorylation of GSK3β in the NAcc core on both basal and cocaine‐induced locomotor activity by a bilateral microinjection into this site of an artificially synthesized pep...
Source: Journal of Neurochemistry - February 25, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Wha Young Kim, Ju Kyong Jang, Jeong Won Lee, Hyunduk Jang, Jeong‐Hoon Kim Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Neuropsychological functioning in children with ADHD: Symptom persistence is linked to poorer performance on measures of executive and nonexecutive function
Abstract The present study compared the current intellectual and neuropsychological functioning of 55 children diagnosed with attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD group) 4 years earlier with that of an age‐ and sex‐matched control sample. The children in the ADHD group performed less well than the control group on measures of intellectual function, design fluency, spatial organization, and visual memory. Those children who continued to meet DSM‐IV criteria for ADHD (persistent ADHD, n = 32) evidenced greater impairment than those showing some symptom remission (ADHD in partial remission, n = 23). Th...
Source: Japanese Psychological Research - February 25, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Thomas Robinson, Gail Tripp Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Ask the expert
According to Frances Prevatt, M.D., adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder, ADHD, is common among adults and is often misdiagnosed or not diagnosed until later in life. Dr. Prevant speaks with Barbara Lewis about ADHD, symptoms, and management..... (Source: Sound Medicine)
Source: Sound Medicine - February 24, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Sound Medicine Source Type: news

Hippocampal CA1 deformity is related to symptom severity and antipsychotic dosage in schizophrenia
Abnormalities of the hippocampus are intricately involved in the pathophysiology of schizophrenia. Hippocampal volume decrease is present at disease onset and has mainly been observed in the anterior and posterior part of the hippocampus. Nevertheless, an association between regionally specific hippocampal shape deformities putatively affecting a pathophysiologically crucial region, i.e. cornu ammonis field 1 (CA1), and symptomatology as well as required maintenance medication has not been observed. The aim of this study was to characterize the relationship between CA1-specific hippocampal surface deformations and symptom ...
Source: Brain - February 24, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Zierhut, K. C., Grassmann, R., Kaufmann, J., Steiner, J., Bogerts, B., Schiltz, K. Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescence predicts onset of major depressive disorder through early adulthood - Meinzer MC, Lewinsohn PM, Pettit JW, Seeley JR, Gau JM, Chronis-Tuscano A, Waxmonsky JG.
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine the prospective relationship between a history of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) assessed in mid-adolescence and the onset of major depressive disorder (MDD) through early adulthood in a lar... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - February 23, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Age: Adolescents Source Type: news

Neurobehavioral development of preschool age children born to addicted mothers given opiate maintenance treatment with buprenorphine during pregnancy
ConclusionChildren to opiate addicted mothers with buprenorphine maintenance treatment during pregnancy constitute a risk population which should be recognized before start of the school. Whether the effects are associated with buprenorphine exposition during foetal life or not are discussed and need further investigation.©2013 The Author(s)/Acta Pædiatrica ©2013 Foundation Acta Pædiatrica (Source: Acta Paediatrica)
Source: Acta Paediatrica - February 23, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Viveka Sundelin Wahlsten, Ihsan Sarman Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

High Fat Diets Maybe Linked To ADHD And Learning Problems
Diets that are high in fat are possibly linked to childhood brain-based conditions, such as memory-dependent learning disabilities and attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), researchers from the University of Illinois College of Medicine reported in Psychoneuroendocrinology. Senior author, Gregory Freund, said: "We found that a high-fat diet rapidly affected dopamine metabolism in the brains of juvenile mice, triggering anxious behaviors and learning deficiencies. Interestingly, when methylphenidate (Ritalin) was administered, the learning and memory problems went away... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 23, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Nutrition / Diet Source Type: news

Possible Link Between Childhood Obesity And ADHD, Learning Disabilities
A University of Illinois study has established a possible link between high-fat diets and such childhood brain-based conditions as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and memory-dependent learning disabilities. "We found that a high-fat diet rapidly affected dopamine metabolism in the brains of juvenile mice, triggering anxious behaviors and learning deficiencies... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - February 22, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: ADHD Source Type: news

Oppositional Defiant Disorder Symptoms in Relation to Psychopathic Traits and Aggression Among Psychiatrically Hospitalized Children: ADHD Symptoms as a Potential Moderator
Abstract Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) is associated with elevated rates of psychopathic traits and aggression. However, it remains unclear if attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) symptoms exacerbate these relations, particularly in samples of children who are severely clinically distressed. The purpose of the present study was to test ADHD symptoms as a potential moderator of the relations of ODD symptoms to psychopathic traits (i.e., callous‐unemotional [CU] traits, narcissism) and to aggressive subtypes (i.e., proactive, reactive aggression) in a large sample of children in an acute psychiatric inpa...
Source: Aggressive Behavior - February 22, 2013 Category: Psychiatry & Psychology Authors: Stephen P. Becker, Aaron M. Luebbe, Paula J. Fite, Leilani Greening, Laura Stoppelbein Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Management of adult attention deficit hyperactivity disorder in UK primary care: a survey of general practitioners
Conclusion: This study presents some key findings relating to ADHD; GPs were often not aware of the reason for patients stopping ADHD treatment in childhood or adolescence. Patient choice was identified as the most common reason for treatment cessation. For patients who started pharmacological treatment in adulthood, many patients received pharmacological treatment for comorbidities before a diagnosis of ADHD was made. (Source: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes)
Source: Health and Quality of Life Outcomes - February 22, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Suzanne McCarthyLynda WiltonMacey MurrayPaul HodgkinsPhilip AshersonIan Wong Source Type: research

The effects of childhood adhd on adult labor market outcomes
This article uses a longitudinal national sample, including sibling pairs, to show the important labor market outcome consequences of ADHD. The employment reduction is between 10 and 14 percentage points, the earnings reduction is approximately 33%, and the increase in social assistance is 15 points, figures that are larger than many estimates of the Black people/White people earnings gap and the gender earnings gap. A small share of the link is explained by educational attainments and co‐morbid health conditions and behaviors. The results also show important differences in labor market consequences by family background ...
Source: Health Economics - February 21, 2013 Category: Health Management Authors: Jason M. Fletcher Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Cardioprotective properties of kiwifruit.
Abstract Beneficial effects of consumption of fruit and vegetables on the cardiovascular system have been reported. Fruit and vegetable components affect the cardiovascular system in both antioxidant and nonantioxidant ways. The mechanisms of their actions are, however, still not well understood. The compounds present in fruits and vegetables may function individually or in concert to protect lipoproteins and vascular cells from oxidation or by other mechanisms such as reducing plasma lipid levels, high blood pressure, and platelet hyperactivity. Emerging data indicate that kiwifruit is beneficial in the prevention...
Source: Advances in Food and Nutrition Research - February 20, 2013 Category: Nutrition Authors: Duttaroy AK Tags: Adv Food Nutr Res Source Type: research

Medication for Attention Deficit–Hyperactivity Disorder and Criminality
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 368, Issue 8, Page 775-776, February 2013. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)
Source: New England Journal of Medicine - February 20, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: article Source Type: research

Demonstration of bilateral peripheral blood flow response to physical provocation tests including osteopathic digital pressure on vertebral segments
Discussion: Changes representative of autonomic activity following controlled physical provocation, such as OMP have been recorded in this study using a multi-channel, multi-parameter approach. This strategy has proven useful in observing variation in the hemodynamic characteristics between the right and the left upper extremity in 25% of the subjects. As ongoing work, advanced signal processing techniques will be used on a cohort to further understand vascular change characteristics following OMP. (Source: International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine)
Source: International Journal of Osteopathic Medicine - February 20, 2013 Category: Complementary Medicine Authors: Deborah Heath, Inder Raj Makin, Chandhana Pedapati, T. Douglas Mast Tags: Selected abstracts from the 9th International Conference on Advances in Osteopathic Research 2012 Source Type: research

Brains of Fetuses 'Build a Bridge' Between Regions, Images Show
Research might one day lead to better treatments for disorders such as ADHD, autism, scientists say Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder, Autism, Brain Diseases (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)
Source: MedlinePlus Health News - February 20, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Intrahost genetic variability of human herpes virus-8.
Abstract Studies were conducted to determine whether HHV-8 hyperactivity could be the consequence of the propensity of the host to multiple HHV-8 infection. The aim of the present work was to investigate HHV-8 intrahost genetic variability. HHV-8 subgenomic DNA was amplified by PCR from patients infected with HIV, health care workers (HCW) and bone marrow transplant recipients (BMT), and from oral lesional tissues of AIDS-Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) patients. As controls, blood from HIV-negative health care workers, and the cell lines BC-1, BC-2, and BCP-1 were used. Clones derived from amplicons originating from DNA fra...
Source: Herpes - February 20, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Leao JC, de Faria AB, Fonseca DD, Gueiros LA, Silva IH, Porter SR Tags: J Med Virol Source Type: research

Hydrogen Peroxide Promotes Aging-Related Platelet Hyperactivation and Thrombosis.
CONCLUSIONS: Our findings demonstrate that hydrogen peroxide is a key mediator of platelet hyperactivity and enhanced thrombotic susceptibility in aged mice. PMID: 23426106 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Circulation)
Source: Circulation - February 20, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Dayal S, Wilson KM, Motto DG, Miller FJ, Chauhan AK, Lentz SR Tags: Circulation Source Type: research

No effect of acute tryptophan depletion on verbal declarative memory in young persons with ADHD
ConclusionIn this study, changes in 5‐HT neurotransmission were not associated with specific aspects of verbal declarative memory in young persons with ADHD. Future studies with healthy control groups that address effects of covarying attentional processes are warranted. (Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica)
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica - February 19, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: F. D. Zepf, M. Landgraf, C. S. Biskup, B. Dahmen, F. Poustka, L. Wöckel, C. Stadler Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

The impact of acute tryptophan depletion on attentional performance in adult patients with ADHD
ConclusionThe present preliminary results are indicative of the contribution of serotonergic neurotransmission to attentional processes in adults with ADHD. (Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica)
Source: Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica - February 19, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: C. Mette, M. Zimmermann, M. Grabemann, M. Abdel‐Hamid, J. Uekermann, C. S. Biskup, J. Wiltfang, F. D. Zepf, B. Kis Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Is there a link between childhood obesity and ADHD, learning disabilities?
(University of Illinois College of Agricultural, Consumer and Environmental Sciences) A University of Illinois study has established a possible link between high-fat diets and such childhood brain-based conditions as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and memory-dependent learning disabilities. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - February 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

CDC7 inhibition blocks pathological TDP‐43 phosphorylation and neurodegeneration
Abstract Objective: Kinase hyperactivity occurs in both neurodegenerative disease and cancer. Lesions containing hyperphosphorylated aggregated TDP‐43 characterize amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal lobar degeneration with TDP‐43 inclusions. Dual phosphorylation of TDP‐43 at serines 409/410 drives neurotoxicity in disease models; therefore, TDP‐43 specific kinases are candidate targets for intervention. Methods: To find therapeutic targets for the prevention of TDP‐43 phosphorylation, we assembled and screened a comprehensive RNA interference library targetingkinases in TDP‐43 transgenic C. elegan...
Source: Annals of Neurology - February 19, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Nicole F. Liachko, Pamela J. McMillan, Chris R. Guthrie, Thomas D. Bird, James B. Leverenz,, Brian C. Kraemer Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Striatal Dopamine Transporter Availability in Drug-Naive Patients With Schizophrenia: A Case-Control SPECT Study With [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 and a Meta-Analysis
Central dopaminergic hyperactivity has been one of the main hypotheses of the pathophysiology of schizophrenia since the 1970s. Excess dopamine (DA) neurotransmission in the striatum is hypothesized to alter the processing of information and result in psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia. Single photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) provides in vivo indices of DA neurotransmission. Our study aimed to compare dopamine transporter (DAT) availability between drug-naive patients with schizophrenia and controls using SPECT. DAT availability through [99mTc]-TRODAT-1 SPECT was compared between 47 drug-naive patients with...
Source: Schizophrenia Bulletin - February 19, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Chen, K. C., Yang, Y. K., Howes, O., Lee, I. H., Landau, S., Yeh, T. L., Chiu, N. T., Chen, P. S., Lu, R. B., David, A. S., Bramon, E. Tags: Regular Article Source Type: research

Attention–deficit/hyperactivity disorder in adolescence predicts onset of major depressive disorder through early adulthood
ConclusionsA history of ADHD in adolescence was associated with elevated risk of MDD through early adulthood and this relationship remained significant after controlling for psychosocial impairment in adolescence and co‐occurring psychiatric disorders. Additional work is needed to identify the mechanisms of risk and to inform depression prevention programs for adolescents with ADHD. (Source: Depression and Anxiety)
Source: Depression and Anxiety - February 19, 2013 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Michael C. Meinzer, Peter M. Lewinsohn, Jeremy W. Pettit, John R. Seeley, Jeff M. Gau, Andrea Chronis‐Tuscano, James G. Waxmonsky Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Efficacy of Dextromethorphan and Cyclosporine A for Acute Encephalopathy
Abstract: Acute encephalopathy with biphasic seizures and late reduced diffusion was recently established clinicoradiologically as an encephalopathy syndrome. The outcome of this encephalopathy is characterized by a low mortality rate and high incidence of neurologic sequelae. Although the exact pathogenesis of this encephalopathy is uncertain, excitotoxic injury with delayed neuronal death is proposed. On the basis of this hypothesis, we tried a combination therapy of N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist, dextromethorphan, and apoptosis inhibitor, cyclosporine A, in four patients with acute encephalopathy with biphasi...
Source: Pediatric Neurology - February 18, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Muneaki Matsuo, Toshiyuki Maeda, Nobuyasu Ono, Susumu Sugihara, Ikuko Kobayashi, Daisuke Koga, Yuhei Hamasaki Tags: Original Articles Source Type: research

An independent components and functional connectivity analysis of resting state fMRI data points to neural network dysregulation in adult ADHD
Abstract Spontaneous fluctuations can be measured in the brain that reflect dissociable functional networks oscillating at synchronized frequencies, such as the default mode network (DMN). In contrast to its diametrically opposed task‐positive counterpart, the DMN predominantly signals during a state of rest, and inappropriate regulation of this network has been associated with inattention, a core characteristic of attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To examine whether abnormalities can be identified in the DMN component of patients with ADHD, we applied an independent components analysis to resting state ...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - February 18, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Elseline Hoekzema, Susana Carmona, J. Antoni Ramos‐Quiroga, Vanesa Richarte Fernández, Rosa Bosch, Juan Carlos Soliva, Mariana Rovira, Antonio Bulbena, Adolf Tobeña, Miguel Casas, Oscar Vilarroya Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Neuropsychiatric symptoms in Alzheimer's disease are related to functional connectivity alterations in the salience network
Abstract Neuropsychiatric syndromes are highly prevalent in Alzheimer's disease (AD), but their neurobiology is not completely understood. New methods in functional magnetic resonance imaging, such as intrinsic functional connectivity or “resting‐state” analysis, may help to clarify this issue. Using such approaches, alterations in the default‐mode and salience networks (SNs) have been described in Alzheimer's, although their relationship with specific symptoms remains unclear. We therefore carried out resting‐state functional connectivity analysis with 20 patients with mild to moderate AD, and correlated their s...
Source: Human Brain Mapping - February 18, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Marcio L. F. Balthazar, Fabrício R. S. Pereira, Tátila M. Lopes, Elvis L. da Silva, Ana Carolina Coan, Brunno M. Campos, Niall W. Duncan, Florindo Stella, Georg Northoff, Benito P. Damasceno, Fernando Cendes Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder: Variability in practice
(Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health)
Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health - February 18, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Michael McDowell Tags: Letter to the Editor Source Type: research

Teva Gets FDA Approval for Generic ADHD Drug
From Associated Press (February 14, 2013) NEW YORK -- Teva Pharmaceutical Industries Ltd. said Thursday that it received marketing approval for a generic version of Shire PLC’s Adderall XR, a treatment for attention deficit hyperactivity... (Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News)
Source: Drugs.com - Pharma News - February 15, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Non-pain-related CRF1 activation in the amygdala facilitates synaptic transmission and pain responses
Conclusions: Non-pain-related activation of CRF1 receptors in the amygdala can trigger pain-responses in normal animals through a mechanism that involves PKA-dependent synaptic facilitation in CeLC neurons independent of HPA axis function. The results suggest that conditions of increased amygdala CRF levels can contribute to pain in the absence of tissue pathology or disease state. (Source: BioMed Central)
Source: BioMed Central - February 15, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Guangchen JiYu FuHita AdwanikarVolker Neugebauer Source Type: research

Inhibition of endotoxin‐induced perinatal asthma protection by pollutants in an experimental mouse model
ConclusionOur results show that exposure to pollutants during pregnancy may cause the development of allergic asthma in the offspring by inhibiting the endotoxin‐induced perinatal asthma protection. (Source: Allergy)
Source: Allergy - February 15, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: M. Reiprich, S. Rudzok, N. Schütze, J. C. Simon, I. Lehmann, S. Trump, T. Polte Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Intrahost genetic variability of human herpes virus‐8
Abstract Studies were conducted to determine whether HHV‐8 hyperactivity could be the consequence of the propensity of the host to multiple HHV‐8 infection. The aim of the present work was to investigate HHV‐8 intrahost genetic variability. HHV‐8 subgenomic DNA was amplified by PCR from patients infected with HIV, health care workers (HCW) and bone marrow transplant recipients (BMT), and from oral lesional tissues of AIDS‐Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) patients. As controls, blood from HIV‐negative health care workers, and the cell lines BC‐1, BC‐2, and BCP‐1 were used. Clones derived from amplicons originating fr...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - February 15, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Jair Carneiro Leao, Andreza Barkokebas Santos de Faria, Déborah Daniela Diniz Fonseca, Luiz Alcino Monteiro Gueiros, Igor Henrique Morais Silva, Stephen R. Porter Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

A Long-Term Open-Label Safety and Effectiveness Trial of Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate in Adolescents With Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology Feb 2013, Vol. 23, No. 1: 11-21. (Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology - February 14, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Tags: article Source Type: research

Parent-Reported Executive Function Behaviors and Clinician Ratings of Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms in Children Treated with Lisdexamfetamine Dimesylate
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology Feb 2013, Vol. 23, No. 1: 28-35. (Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology - February 14, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Tags: article Source Type: research

NWP06, an Extended-Release Oral Suspension of Methylphenidate, Improved Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Symptoms Compared with Placebo in a Laboratory Classroom Study
Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology Feb 2013, Vol. 23, No. 1: 3-10. (Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology)
Source: Journal of Child and Adolescent Psychopharmacology - February 14, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Tags: article Source Type: research

New ADHD drug for young people
A new drug has been approved for the treatment of attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder in children and adolescents. (Source: Nursing Times Breaking News)
Source: Nursing Times Breaking News - February 14, 2013 Category: Nursing Source Type: news