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[Clinical and therapeutic heterogeneity of cerebral venous thrombosis: a description of a series of 20 cases.]Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
CONCLUSIONS. We report a great variety of etiologies and patterns of presentation of CVT. CVT should be suspected in patients with subacute headache, even in outpatients. Nonacute presentation with isolated headache or intracranial hypertension could have better prognosis, requiring a less aggressive therapy. PMID: 19921621 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Revista de Neurologia)
Source: Revista de Neurologia - November 21, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Flores-Barragan JM, Hernandez-Gonzalez A, Gallardo-Alcaniz MJ, Del Real-Francia MA, Vaamonde-Gamo J Tags: Rev Neurol Source Type: journals

QUESTION 1. Normal CSF: does it exclude meningitis?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood)
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - November 20, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Ray, B., Rylance, G. Tags: ADC Archimedes, Epidemiologic studies, Immunology (including allergy), Drugs: infectious diseases, meningitis, Vaccination / immunisation, Infection (neurology), Child health, Infant health, Neonatal health Source Type: journals

Calvarial tuberculosis: A report of eleven patientsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion</b> : A high index of suspicion and knowledge is required for early diagnosis of calvarial tuberculosis. Surgery and antituberculous therapy remains the mainstay of treatment. (Source: Neurology India)
Source: Neurology India - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Diyora Batuk, Kumar Rajiv, Modgi Rahul, Sharma Alok Source Type: journals

<i>Candida albicans</i> meningitis with ventriculitis in a four-year-old childEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Taneja Juhi, Mishra Bibhabati, Thakur Archana, Dogra Vinita, Loomba PoonamNeurology India 2009 57(5):682-684 (Source: Neurology India)
Source: Neurology India - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Taneja Juhi, Mishra Bibhabati, Thakur Archana, Dogra Vinita, Loomba Poonam Source Type: journals

Management of hydrocephalus in patients with tuberculous meningitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Yadav Y R, Parihar VijayNeurology India 2009 57(5):691-691 (Source: Neurology India)
Source: Neurology India - November 20, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Yadav Y R, Parihar Vijay Source Type: journals

Update on Tuberculosis of the Central Nervous System: Pathogenesis, Diagnosis, and TreatmentEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Tuberculous meningitis is the most dangerous form of tuberculosis, yet our understanding of disease pathogenesis is based upon studies performed in the 1920s, our diagnostic methods are dependent upon those developed in the 1880s, and our treatment has advanced little since the introduction of isoniazid in the 1950s. The authors focus this review on three important questions. First, how does Mycobacterium tuberculosis reach the brain? Second, what is the best way of identifying patients who require early empiric antituberculosis therapy? Third, what is the best way of managing tuberculous hydrocephalus? (Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine)
Source: Clinics in Chest Medicine - November 18, 2009 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Guy E. Thwaites, Johan F. Schoeman Source Type: journals

IL-23 Is Required for Protection against Systemic Infection with Listeria monocytogenes.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Listeria monocytogenes (LM) is a Gram-positive, intracellular bacterium that can induce spontaneous abortion, septicemia, and meningitis. Although it is known that neutrophils are required for elimination of the bacteria and for survival of the host, the mechanisms governing the recruitment of neutrophils to LM-infected tissues are not fully understood. We demonstrate here that IL-23 and the IL-17 receptor A (IL-17RA), which mediates both IL-17A and IL-17F signaling, are necessary for resistance against systemic LM infection. LM-infected IL-23p19 knockout (KO) mice have decreased production of IL-17A and IL-17F, while ...
Source: Journal of Immunology - November 18, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Meeks KD, Sieve AN, Kolls JK, Ghilardi N, Berg RE Tags: J Immunol Source Type: journals

Hiv-related immune reconstitution cryptococcal meningoradiculitis: corticosteroid responseEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Neurology)
Source: Neurology - November 16, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Brunel, A., Makinson, A., de Champfleur, N. M., Thouvenot, E., Le Moing, V., Lefalher, G., Bonafe, A., Reynes, J. Tags: MRI, meningitis, Fungal infections, HIV, Spinal cord infection CLINICAL/SCIENTIFIC NOTES Source Type: journals

Drain associated meningitis and ventriculitis remains a pivotal problem in neurointensive care: to understand their causes we need better surveillance dataEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry - November 16, 2009 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Kasper, E. M. Tags: meningitis, Infection (neurology) Editorial commentaries Source Type: journals

Prospective surveillance of drain associated meningitis/ventriculitis in a neurosurgery and neurological intensive care unitEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: To the best of the authors' knowledge, this study represents the first to provide data on EVD as well as LD associated meningitis rates calculated per 1000 DD; a parameter that is well established for other invasive devices such as central venous and urinary tract catheters. However, further prospective studies are needed to investigate the possible risk factors for meningitis. (Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry)
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery & Psychiatry - November 16, 2009 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Scheithauer, S, Burgel, U, Ryang, Y-M, Haase, G, Schiefer, J, Koch, S, Hafner, H, Lemmen, S Tags: meningitis, Infection (neurology) Research papers Source Type: journals

Cetuximab: Aseptic meningitis: 2 case reportsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - November 16, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Vaccines: Hyperhaemolysis (first reports with meningococcal vaccine groups A C Y W-135 polysaccharide and Hib vaccine conjugate) in an EBV-infected patient: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - November 16, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

Endoscopic third ventriculostomy for obstructive hydrocephalus in children younger than 6 months of ageEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions Based on our experience, ETV could be the first method of choice for hydrocephalus in children younger than 6 months of age, especially in patients older than 3 months of age. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Original PaperDOI 10.1007/s00381-009-1019-zAuthors Hideki Ogiwara, Children’s Memorial Hospital Division of Neurosurgery Chicago IL USAArthur J. Dipatri, Children’s Memorial Hospital Division of Neurosurgery Chicago IL USATord D. Alden, Children’s Memorial Hospital Division of Neurosurgery Chicago IL USARobin M. Bowman, Children’s Memorial Hospital Division of Neu...
Source: Child's Nervous System - November 14, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Child's Nervous System Source Type: journals

Echovirus-4 Meningitis Outbreak Imported from IndiaEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe seven cases of meningitis in a group of young Italian travelers coming back from India. Virologic studies identified echovirus-4 as the cause of this cluster of cases, the first imported echovirus outbreak in Italy. Enteroviruses may play an important role in undiagnosed fevers in travelers. (Source: Journal of Travel Medicine)
Source: Journal of Travel Medicine - November 13, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Federico Gobbi, Guido Calleri, Claudia Spezia, Filippo Lipani, Rosanna Balbiano, Maura De Agostini, Maria Grazia Milia, Pietro Caramello Source Type: journals

Pharmacokinetics and Pharmacodynamics of Antibacterial AgentsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews pharmacodynamics of antibacterial drugs, which can be used to optimize treatment strategies, prevent emergence of resistance and rationalize the determination of antimicrobial susceptibility. Important pharmacodynamic concepts include the requirements for bactericidal therapy for endocarditis and meningitis, for synergistic combinations to treat enterococcal endocarditis or to shorten the course of antimicrobial therapy, for obtaining maximal plasma concentration/minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) ratios that are greater than 10 or 24 hour-area under the plasma concentration curve (AUC)/MIC ratios ...
Source: Infectious Diseases Clinics of North America - November 12, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Matthew E. Levison, Julie H. Levison Source Type: journals

Strategies and New Developments in the Management of Bacterial MeningitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The principles of antimicrobial therapy for acute bacterial meningitis include use of agents that penetrate well into cerebrospinal fluid and attain appropriate cerebrospinal fluid concentrations, are active in purulent cerebrospinal fluid, and are bactericidal against the infecting pathogen. Recommendations for treatment of bacterial meningitis have undergone significant evolution in recent years, given the emergence of pneumococcal strains that are resistant to penicillin. Clinical experience with use of newer agents is limited to case reports, but these agents may be necessary to consider in patients who are failing sta...
Source: Infectious Diseases Clinics of North America - November 12, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Justine Miranda, Allan R. Tunkel Source Type: journals

Central neurological complications in critically ill patients with malignanciesEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion In cancer patients, central neurological events are mainly related to malignant brain infiltration and drug-related toxicity. Despite advanced severity, a standardized intensive management strategy yields a 55% hospital survival rate. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory OriginalDOI 10.1007/s00134-009-1709-8Authors Stéphane Legriel, Hôpital Saint-Louis Medical Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP 75010 Paris FranceHélène Marijon, Hôpital Saint-Louis Medical Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP 75010 Paris FranceMichael Darmon, Hôpital Saint-Louis Medical Intensive Care Unit, AP-HP 75010 Paris FranceVirgin...
Source: Intensive Care Medicine - November 11, 2009 Category: Intensive Care Tags: Intensive Care Medicine Source Type: journals

Acanthameba meningitis with successful outcomeEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report a rare cause of sub acute meningitis in a 15-yr-old immunocompetent female child with successful outcome. The etiological agent was Acanthameba. The child was sucessfully treat with combination of Ketoconazole. Rifampicin, cotrimoxa zole and for a period of 9 month. Content Type Journal ArticleCategory Clinical BriefDOI 10.1007/s12098-009-0205-zAuthors Ajit Saxena, Sita Ram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Fortis Hospital New Delhi IndiaSumit Mittal, Sita Ram Bhartia Institute of Science and Research Department of Pediatrics and Microbiology, Fortis Hospi...
Source: Indian Journal of Pediatrics - November 11, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Indian Journal of Pediatrics Source Type: journals

Corticosteroids/infliximab/mycophenolate mofetil: Cryptococcal meningitis: case reportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Reactions)
Source: Reactions - November 11, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Short communication Source Type: journals

2010 ASN AbstractsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: VBD can enlarge to significant dimensions, producing compressive symptoms in the brainstem, as well as thrombosis and ischemic strokes. SACE of the dolichoectasia can be effective for the vessel reconstruction, to prevent progression of the dilatation, and other potential clinical events. 3. Three Case Reports of Multiple Carotid and/or Vertebral Artery Dissections in Female Mei Lu, Heather Gornik, Esteban Cheng Ching, Vikram Kashyap, Rishi Gupta Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, United States Introduction: Multiple carotid and/or vertebral artery dissections are rare. However, patients with mul...
Source: Journal of Neuroimaging - November 11, 2009 Category: Radiology Source Type: journals

Variables that influence HIV-1 cerebrospinal fluid viral load in cryptococcal meningitis: a linear regression analysisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: Our study suggests that CSF leukocyte count influences CSF HIV-1 viral load in patients with meningitis caused by Cryptococcus neoformans. (Source: Journal of the International AIDS Society)
Source: Journal of the International AIDS Society - November 11, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Diego CecchiniAna CanizalHaroldo RojasAlicia ArechavalaRicardo NegroniMaria BouzasJorge Benetucci Source Type: journals

Kinetics of antibody persistence following administration of a combination meningococcal serogroup C and Haemophilus influenzae type b conjugate vaccine at 12 to 15 months of age in healthy UK infants primed with two doses of one of three monovalent meningococcal serogroup C vaccines.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The kinetics of antibody persistence following the administration of a combination meningococcal serogroup C and Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccine (Menitorix) in the second year of life in children primed with two doses of one of three monovalent meningococcal serogroup C (MCC) vaccines was investigated. Study subjects were either administered Menitorix at 12 to 15 months of age followed by the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate (PCV7) and measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) vaccine 4 to 6 weeks later or all three vaccines concomitantly at 12 to 15 months of age. Blood samples were collected before and 1,...
Source: Clinical and Vaccine Immunology - November 11, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Borrow R, Andrews N, Findlow H, Waight P, Southern J, Crowley-Luke A, Stapley L, England A, Findlow J, Miller E Tags: Clin Vaccine Immunol Source Type: journals

Susceptibility of pneumococci causing meningitis in Spain and prevalence among such isolates of serotypes contained in the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
(Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy)
Source: Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy - November 10, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Fenoll, A., Gimenez, M.-J., Vicioso, M.-D., Granizo, J.-J., Robledo, O., Aguilar, L. Tags: Research letters Source Type: journals

Lab infection in BostonEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
A student caught meningitis through his work in the lab... prompting yet another review of lab safety (Source: The Scientist)
Source: The Scientist - November 10, 2009 Category: Science Authors: The Scientist Community Source Type: info

BLyS and APRIL expression in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of cryptococcal meningitis patients and their clinical significance.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Levels of BlyS and its receptors correlated with cryptococcal meningitis progression, and provide new clues for monitoring CM conditions and its effective therapy. PMID: 19909733 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Clinical Biochemistry)
Source: Clinical Biochemistry - November 9, 2009 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Xia R, Han Z, Zhou Y, Chen S, Chen B, Gu M, Deng A, Zhong R, Wen H Tags: Clin Biochem Source Type: journals

Meningococcal Vaccines: A Neglected Topic in Travel Medicine?Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Awareness of the risk for meningococcal disease among travelers is generally poor, even though case fatality rates are high and the disease can be fatal within 24 hours. Expert Review of Vaccines (Source: Medscape Pharmacist Headlines)
Source: Medscape Pharmacist Headlines - November 6, 2009 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Tags: Infectious Diseases Source Type: info

New Safety Data on Menactra for InfantsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sanofi Pasteur Presents Safety Data on Menactra® Vaccine Given to Infants at Infectious Disease Society Meeting The two-dose meningococcal quadrivalent conjugate vaccine was generally well-tolerated Philadelphia, PA – November 2, 2009... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)
Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials - November 5, 2009 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: clinical trials

Robust Th1 and Th17 Immunity Supports Pulmonary Clearance but Cannot Prevent Systemic Dissemination of Highly Virulent Cryptococcus neoformans H99.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The present study dissected the role of a Th2 bias in pathogenesis of Cryptococcus neoformans H99 infection by comparing inhalational H99 infections in wild-type BALB/c and IL-4/IL-13 double knockout mice. H99-infected wild-type mice showed all major hallmarks of Th2 but not Th1/Th17 immunity in the lungs and lung-associated lymph nodes. In contrast, the IL-4/13(-/-) mice developed robust hallmarks of Th1 and Th17 but not Th2 polarization. The IL-4/IL-13 deletion prevented pulmonary eosinophilia, goblet cell metaplasia in the airways and resulted in elevated serum IgE, and a switch from alternative to classical activat...
Source: The American Journal of Pathology - November 5, 2009 Category: Pathology Authors: Zhang Y, Wang F, Tompkins KC, McNamara A, Jain AV, Moore BB, Toews GB, Huffnagle GB, Olszewski MA Tags: Am J Pathol Source Type: journals

Science: AAN.com Talks with Joachim Gerber About Neurogenesis in AdultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Joachim Gerber, MD, discusses his team's use of immunohistochemical methods to study neurogenesis in brain sections of patients who underwent autopsy subsequent to bacterial meningitis, stroke, or brain trauma. (Source: American Academy of Neurology)
Source: American Academy of Neurology - November 4, 2009 Category: Medical Law Source Type: organizations

The prognostic value of amplitude integrated EEG in neonatal sepsis and/or meningitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusion: Low voltage background pattern, SWC and EA on aEEG are helpful to predict neurological outcome in infants with neonatal sepsis or meningitis. (Source: Acta Paediatrica)
Source: Acta Paediatrica - November 4, 2009 Category: Pediatrics Authors: HJ ter Horst, M van Olffen, HJ Remmelts, H de Vries, AF Bos Source Type: journals

Viral Infections of the Central Nervous System: A Case-Based Review.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Three patients with viral infections of the central nervous system (CNS) were evaluated on an inpatient infectious diseases consultation service within a two-week period. These cases, caused by herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus and enterovirus, highlight the importance of viral pathogens in causing debilitating infections of the CNS and provide examples of the utility of molecular diagnostics in evaluating patients with encephalitis and meningitis. The importance of antiviral therapy is particularly underscored by these cases, as is the variability in response of patients to such agents. PMID: 19889944 [...
Source: Clin Med Res - November 4, 2009 Category: Research Authors: Big C, Reineck LA, Aronoff DM Tags: Clin Med Res Source Type: journals

Haemophilus influenzae serotype a meningitis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This work describes a case of Haemophilus influenzae serotype a meningitis in Brazil, after almost a decade since the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae serotype b conjugate vaccine. Uncertainty about the replacement of H. influenzae serotypes as a cause of invasive diseases justifies continuous surveillance, coupled with investigations of carriage rates and requirements of chemoprophylaxis in contact persons. PMID: 19880770 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science)
Source: Annals of Clinical and Laboratory Science - November 3, 2009 Category: Laboratory Medicine Authors: de Pádua RA, de Lima Scodro RB, Ghiraldi LD, Siqueira VL, Yamashita YK, Helbel C, Cardoso RF Tags: Ann Clin Lab Sci Source Type: journals

Science: Joachim Gerber Discusses Neurogenesis in AdultsEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Joachim Gerber, MD, discusses his team's use of immunohistochemical methods to study neurogenesis in brain sections of patients who underwent autopsy subsequent to bacterial meningitis, stroke, or brain trauma. (Source: American Academy of Neurology)
Source: American Academy of Neurology - November 3, 2009 Category: Medical Law Source Type: organizations

Sanofi Pasteur Presents Safety Data on Menactra Vaccine Given to Infants at Infectious Disease Society MeetingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
The two-dose meningococcal quadrivalent conjugate vaccine was generally well-tolerated PHILADELPHIA, Nov. 2 /PRNewswire/ -- Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccines division of sanofi-aventis Group (EURONEXT: SAN and NYSE: SNY), presented Safety of a... (Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials)
Source: Drugs.com - Clinical Trials - November 3, 2009 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: clinical trials

Sanofi Pasteur Presents Safety Data On Menactra(R) Vaccine Given To Infants At Infectious Disease Society MeetingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccines division of sanofi-aventis Group (EURONEXT: SAN and NYSE: SNY), presented Safety of a Quadrivalent (A,C,Y,W-135) Meningococcal Vaccine When Given to Infants with Other Pediatric Vaccines at the 47th Annual Meeting of the Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA) this past weekend. (Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today)
Source: Immune System / Vaccines News From Medical News Today - November 3, 2009 Category: Allergy & Immunology Tags: Infectious Diseases / Bacteria / Viruses Source Type: news

Uptake of meningococcal conjugate vaccine among adolescents in large managed care organizations, United States, 2005: Demand, supply and seasonality.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Background: In February 2005, the US Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices recommended the new meningococcal conjugate vaccine (MCV4) for routine use among 11- to 12-year-olds (at the preadolescent health-care visit), 14- to 15-year-olds (before high-school entry), and groups at increased risk. Vaccine distribution started in March; however, in July, the manufacturer reported inability to meet demand and widespread MCV4 shortages were reported. Our objectives were to determine early uptake patterns among target (11-12 and 14-15 year olds) and non-target (13- plus 16-year-olds) age groups. A post hoc analysis was con...
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - November 3, 2009 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Suchita LorickDaniel FishbeinEric WeintraubPascale WortleyGrace LeeFangjun ZhouRobert Davis Source Type: journals

Unfolding and refolding properties of S pili on extraintestinal pathogenic Escherichia coli.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
S pili are members of the chaperone-usher-pathway-assembled pili family that are predominantly associated with neonatal meningitis (S(II)) and believed to play a role in ascending urinary tract infections (S(I)). We used force-measuring optical tweezers to characterize the intrinsic biomechanical properties and kinetics of S(II) and S(I) pili. Under steady-state conditions, a sequential unfolding of the layers in the helix-like rod occurred at somewhat different forces, 26 pN for S(II) pili and 21 pN for S(I) pili, and there was an apparent difference in the kinetics, 1.3 and 8.8 Hz. Tests with bacteria defective in a ...
Source: European Biophysics Journal : EBJ - November 3, 2009 Category: Physics Authors: Castelain M, Sjöström AE, Fällman E, Uhlin BE, Andersson M Tags: Eur Biophys J Source Type: journals

Tripod signEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Suvarna J C, Keskar V SJournal of Postgraduate Medicine 2009 55(3):211-213"Tripod Sign" or "Amosss Sign" is a sign of meningeal irritation. Although useful in diagnosing meningitis, it is not pathognomic and may be seen in a variety of clinical conditions. Infants < 1 year of age and immunocompromised individuals may not demonstrate signs of meningeal irritation. Since elicitation of the sign requires voluntary sitting up, it is of limited use in patients with marked altered sensorium and young infants. (Source: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine)
Source: Journal of Postgraduate Medicine - November 2, 2009 Category: Internal Medicine Source Type: journals

Utility of a novel lipoarabinomannan assay for the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis in a resource-poor high HIV prevalence settingEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Conclusions: In this preliminary proof-of-concept study, a rapid diagnosis of TBM could be achieved using LAM antigen detection. Although specificity was sub-optimal, the estimates provided here may be unreliable because of a classification bias inherent in the study design where it was not possible to exclude TBM in the presumed non-TBM cases owing to a lack of clinical follow-up. As PCR is largely unavailable, the LAM assay may well prove to be a useful adjunct for the rapid diagnosis of TBM in high HIV-incidence settings. These preliminary results justify further enquiry and prospective studies are now required to defin...
Source: Cerebrospinal Fluid Research - November 2, 2009 Category: Neurology Authors: Vinod PatelAhmed BhigjeeHoosain ParukRavesh SinghRichard MeldauCathy ConnollyThumbi Ndung'uKeertan Dheda Source Type: journals

Complications of otitis media in Indigenous and non-Indigenous children.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In Australia, three to five children die each year because of otitis media complications, and 15 children will suffer permanent hearing loss each year as a result of otitis media. Extracranial complications occur most commonly, and include mastoiditis, cholesteatoma and otitis media with perforation. Intracranial complications are less common, and include meningitis, brain abscess and lateral sinus thrombosis. In Australia, approximately 60% of extracranial and intracranial complications of otitis media occur in children. The contrasting rates of childhood otitis media among Indigenous and non-Indigenous children have ...
Source: Med J Aust - November 2, 2009 Category: Journals (General) Authors: O'Connor TE, Perry CF, Lannigan FJ Tags: Med J Aust Source Type: journals

Biologic Activities of the TolC-like Protein of Neisseria meningitidis as Assessed by Functional Complementation in Escherichia coli.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Neisseria meningitidis can produce a TolC-like protein needed for secretion of FrpC, but not efflux of antimicrobials. We now report that expression of the meningococcal tolC gene in a TolC-deficient strain of Escherichia coli can restore properties of alpha-hemolysis and antimicrobial resistance known to involve efflux pumps. PMID: 19884363 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy)
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - November 2, 2009 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kamal N, Shafer WM Tags: Antimicrob Agents Chemother Source Type: journals

Bacterial meningitis and brain abscessEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This article reviews recent changes in the epidemiology caused by new immunisations; the clinical manifestations at different ages; advances in the understanding of the pathophysiology; and current treatment strategies including the use of adjunctive therapies such as corticosteroids. (Source: Medicine)
Source: Medicine - November 1, 2009 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: K. Ananth Ramakrishnan, Michael Levin, Saul N. Faust Tags: Nervous system infections Source Type: journals

Viral meningitis and encephalitisEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Abstract: Meningitis and encephalitis due to virus infections occur at all stages of life from the neonate to the elderly and may represent disease due to the primary site of replication, e.g. rabies, or be part of a wider infection syndrome, e.g. HIV. A large proportion of cases go unconfirmed by laboratory diagnosis despite use of sensitive techniques (such as the polymerase chain reaction). They may be both sporadic and epidemic in nature, but with changing environmental and societal conditions, agents may emerge anew, e.g. Nipah and Hendra viruses, or reappear after a period of good control through vaccination, e.g. mu...
Source: Medicine - November 1, 2009 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Philip Rice Tags: Nervous system infections Source Type: journals

Self-assessment/CPDEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Regarding immediate management the following statement is UNTRUE: meningococcal meningitis is one of the likely causes (Source: Medicine)
Source: Medicine - November 1, 2009 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: Self assessment Source Type: journals

An acute ischemic stroke secondary to sphenoid sinusitis.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We report the case of a 28-year-old woman with acute sphenoid sinusitis complicated by ischemic stroke in the left caudate nucleus, lentiform nucleus, and posterior part of the internal capsule. The stroke was diagnosed on magnetic resonance imaging. Also, magnetic resonance angiography showed a narrowing of the internal carotid artery and a narrowing of the first part of the left anterior and middle cerebral arteries (A1 and M1 segments). The patient was treated with medical therapy, including antibiotics, and surgical drainage of the sphenoid sinus via an endoscopic approach. Her outcome was good, and she experienced min...
Source: Ear, Nose and Throat Journal - November 1, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Righini CA, Bing F, Bessou P, Boubagra K, Reyt E Tags: Ear Nose Throat J Source Type: journals

Median Facial Cleft with a Frontoethmoidal Encephalocele Treated with Craniofacial Bipartition and Free Radial Forearm Flap: A Case ReportEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
We describe a patient with a median facial cleft with a frontoethmoidal encephalocele, hypertelorism, hydrocephalus, and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage referred to our department due to numerous complications after previous surgical treatments. An 8-year-old girl, born with median cleft syndrome, underwent neurosurgical repair of the encephalocele at another hospital and cleft lip/palate repair later in the same year. Her hydrocephalus was treated with a ventriculoperitoneal shunt, but she underwent numerous shunt revisions due to recurrent intracerebral infections. In 2008, she was rehospitalized due to a gram-negative...
Source: Skull Base - October 30, 2009 Category: ENT & OMF Tags: CASE REPORT Source Type: journals

Children "better off" without seasonal flu vaccineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Seasonal flu infection could give some protection against pandemic strainsRelated items from OnMedicaRise in group B meningitis infectionsScottish Bill passed to protect public from contaminationMeasles programme must be stepped-upMMR vaccine uptake faltersNo deaths from meningitis C last year (Source: OnMedica Latest News)
Source: OnMedica Latest News - October 30, 2009 Category: UK Health Source Type: news

Children 'better off' without seasonal flu vaccineEmail this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
Seasonal flu infection could give some protection against pandemic strainsRelated items from OnMedicaRise in group B meningitis infectionsScottish Bill passed to protect public from contaminationMeasles programme must be stepped-upMMR vaccine uptake faltersNo deaths from meningitis C last year (Source: OnMedica Latest News)
Source: OnMedica Latest News - October 30, 2009 Category: UK Health Source Type: news

Cronobacter species isolation in two infants - New Mexico, 2008.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
This report describes isolation of Cronobacter spp. in two nonhospitalized, unrelated infants (one male and one female) in New Mexico in 2008; one infant developed severe brain injury and hydrocephalus, and the other infant died. An investigation by the New Mexico Department of Health (NMDOH) determined that PIF consumption was the only known risk factor in the two cases, although the sources of the Cronobacter spp. could not be determined. Cronobacter spp. were not isolated from sealed canisters of formula associated with the two infants, and clinical isolates from the infants differed by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis ...
Source: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkl... - October 30, 2009 Category: Epidemiology Tags: MMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep Source Type: journals

Outbreak Of Poliomyelitis In Finland In 1984-85 - Re-Analysis Of Viral Sequences Using The Current Standard Approach.Email this article to a colleague. Save this article to My Clippings. Discuss or comment on this article.
In 1984, a wild type 3 poliovirus (PV3/FIN84) spread all over Finland causing nine cases of paralytic poliomyelitis and one case of aseptic meningitis. The outbreak was ended in 1985 with an intensive vaccination campaign. By limited sequence comparison with previously isolated PV3 strains, closest relatives of PV3/FIN84 were found among strains circulating in the Mediterranean region. Now we wanted to reanalyse the relationships using approaches currently exploited in poliovirus surveillance. Cell lysates of twenty strains isolated during the outbreak and stored frozen were subjected to RT-PCR amplification in three g...
Source: Virus Research - October 30, 2009 Category: Virology Authors: Simonen ML, Roivainen M, Iber J, Burns C, Hovi T Tags: Virus Res Source Type: journals