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Total 3421 results found since Jan 2013.

Facet ‐Dependent Strain Determination in Electrochemically Synthetized Platinum Model Catalytic Nanoparticles
The uniformity of electrochemically synthesized model catalysts is studied using Bragg Coherent X ‐ray Diffraction Imaging. 3D images of several individual nanoparticles are obtained, assessing their shape and the specific components of the displacement and strain fields both at the surface and inside. A facet recognition algorithm is applied, which provides facet‐dependent structural inform ation for all measured nanoparticles. AbstractStudying model nanoparticles is one approach to better understand the structural evolution of a catalyst during reactions. These nanoparticles feature well ‐defined faceting, offering...
Source: Small - March 19, 2021 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: J érôme Carnis, Lu Gao, Sara Fernández, Gilbert Chahine, Tobias U. Schülli, Stéphane Labat, Emiel J. M. Hensen, Olivier Thomas, Jan P. Hofmann, Marie‐Ingrid Richard Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Targeted Nanoparticles with High Heating Efficiency for the Treatment of Endometriosis with Systemically Delivered Magnetic Hyperthermia
This study is the first to describe nanoparticles that enable systemically delivered magnetic hyperthermia for endometriosis treatment. When subjected to an alternating magnetic field (AMF), these hexagonal iron-oxide nanoparticles exhibit extraordina ry heating efficiency that is 6.4× greater than their spherical counterparts. Modifying nanoparticles with a peptide targeted to vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR-2) enhances their endometriosis specificity. Studies in mice bearing transplants of macaque endometriotic tissue reve al that, following intravenous injection at a low dose (3 mg per kg), these ...
Source: Small - April 18, 2022 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Youngrong Park, Ananiya A. Demessie, Addie Luo, Olena R. Taratula, Abraham S. Moses, Peter Do, Leonardo Campos, Younes Jahangiri, Cory R. Wyatt, Hassan A. Albarqi, Khashayar Farsad, Ov D. Slayden, Oleh Taratula Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Strain Sensors: Highly Sensitive Strain Sensors Based on Molecules –Gold Nanoparticles Networks for High‐Resolution Human Pulse Analysis (Small 8/2021)
In article number2007593, Artur Ciesielski, Paolo Samor ì, and co‐workers report the fabrication of a highly sensitive and flexible strain sensor for human‐health and vibration monitoring. The strain sensor is based on gold nanoparticles network bridged by organic molecules where the highly flexible nature of the linkers connecting the gold nanopart icles makes it possible to achieve superior sensing performance.
Source: Small - February 24, 2021 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Chang ‐Bo Huang, Yifan Yao, Verónica Montes‐García, Marc‐Antoine Stoeckel, Miriam Von Holst, Artur Ciesielski, Paolo Samorì Tags: Inside Front Cover Source Type: research

Characterizing Physical Properties of Superparamagnetic Nanoparticles in Liquid Phase Using Brownian Relaxation
Superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles (SPIONs) have been extensively used as bioimaging contrast agents, heating sources for tumor therapy, and carriers for controlled drug delivery and release to target organs and tissues. These applications require elaborate tuning of the physical and magnetic properties of the SPIONs. The authors present here a search‐coil‐based method to characterize these properties. The nonlinear magnetic response of SPIONs to alternating current magnetic fields induces harmonic signals that contain information of these nanoparticles. By analyzing the phase lag and harmonic ratios in the SPI...
Source: Small - April 1, 2017 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Kai Wu, Karl Schliep, Xiaowei Zhang, Jinming Liu, Bin Ma, Jian ‐Ping Wang Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Ferritin Protein Regulates the Degradation of Iron Oxide Nanoparticles
This study exemplifies the important implications of intracellular proteins in processes of degradation and metabolization of iron oxide nanoparticles. Proteins implicated in iron homeostasis might be involved in the cellular processing of iron oxide nanoparticles. The capacity of ferritin cages to accommodate and store the degradation products of nanoparticles is investigated in vitro in the physiological acidic environment of the lysosomes. Ferritin is shown to play a regulatory role into the degradation of iron oxide nanoparticles and to serve as recycling cages for iron ions released by nanoparticles.
Source: Small - November 6, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Jeanne Volatron, Florent Carn, Jelena Kolosnjaj ‐Tabi, Yasir Javed, Quoc Lam Vuong, Yves Gossuin, Christine Ménager, Nathalie Luciani, Gaëlle Charron, Miryana Hémadi, Damien Alloyeau, Florence Gazeau Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

The Use of Nanoparticles to Deliver Nitric Oxide to Hepatic Stellate Cells for Treating Liver Fibrosis and Portal Hypertension
This study clearly shows, for the first time, the potential for HSC targeted nanoparticle delivery of NO as a treatment for liver diseases with proven efficacy for alleviating both liver fibrosis and portal hypertension. Nanoparticles with a typical size of 35 nm are presented for the delivery of nitric oxide to hepatic stellate cells for the potential treatment of liver fibrosis and portal hypertension. The introduction of vitamin A on the nanoparticles surface allows to specifically target hepatic stellate cells. In vivo experiments, using rat models, demonstrate the accumulation of nanoparticles in liver.
Source: Small - January 13, 2015 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Hien T. T. Duong, Zhixia Dong, Lin Su, Cyrille Boyer, Jacob George, Thomas P. Davis, Jianhua Wang Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Simple and Rapid High‐Yield Synthesis and Size Sorting of Multibranched Hollow Gold Nanoparticles with Highly Tunable NIR Plasmon Resonances
Branched gold nanoparticles with sharp tips are considered excellent candidates for sensing and field enhancement applications. Here, a rapid and simple synthesis strategy is presented that generates highly branched gold nanoparticles with hollow cores and a ca.100% yield through a simple one‐pot seedless reaction at room temperature in the presence of Triton X‐100. It is shown that multibranched hollow gold nanoparticles of tunable dimensions, branch density and branch length can be obtained by adjusting the concentrations of the reactants. Insights into the formation mechanism point toward an aggregative type of grow...
Source: Small - June 10, 2015 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Adam J. Blanch, Markus Döblinger, Jessica Rodríguez‐Fernández Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Recovery of Drug Delivery Nanoparticles from Human Plasma Using an Electrokinetic Platform Technology
The effect of complex biological fluids on the surface and structure of nanoparticles is a rapidly expanding field of study. One of the challenges holding back this research is the difficulty of recovering therapeutic nanoparticles from biological samples due to their small size, low density, and stealth surface coatings. Here, the first demonstration of the recovery and analysis of drug delivery nanoparticles from undiluted human plasma samples through the use of a new electrokinetic platform technology is presented. The particles are recovered from plasma through a dielectrophoresis separation force that is created by in...
Source: Small - August 1, 2015 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Stuart Ibsen, Avery Sonnenberg, Carolyn Schutt, Rajesh Mukthavaram, Yasan Yeh, Inanc Ortac, Sareh Manouchehri, Santosh Kesari, Sadik Esener, Michael J. Heller Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Influence of Temperature on the Colloidal Stability of Polymer‐Coated Gold Nanoparticles in Cell Culture Media
The temperature‐dependence of the hydrodynamic diameter and colloidal stability of gold‐polymer core‐shell particles with temperature‐sensitive (poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide)) and temperature‐insensitive shells (polyallylaminine hydrochloride/polystyrensulfonate, poly(isobutylene‐alt‐maleic anhydride)‐graft‐dodecyl) are investigated in various aqueous media. The data demonstrate that for all nanoparticle agglomeration, i.e., increase in effective nanoparticle size, the presence of salts or proteins in the dispersion media has to be taken into account. Poly(N‐isopropylacrylamide) coated nanoparticles sho...
Source: Small - February 2, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Mikhail V. Zyuzin, Tobias Honold, Susana Carregal‐Romero, Karsten Kantner, Matthias Karg, Wolfgang J. Parak Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Dynamic Positron Emission Tomography Imaging of Renal Clearable Gold Nanoparticles
Optical imaging has been the primary imaging modality for nearly all of the renal clearable nanoparticles since 2007. Due to the tissue depth penetration limitation, providing accurate organ kinetics non‐invasively has long been a huge challenge. Although a more quantitative imaging technique has been developed by labeling nanoparticles with single‐photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) isotopes, the low temporal resolution of SPECT still limits its potential for visualizing the rapid dynamic process of renal clearable nanoparticles in vivo. The dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) imaging of renal clearable...
Source: Small - March 31, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Feng Chen, Shreya Goel, Reinier Hernandez, Stephen A. Graves, Sixiang Shi, Robert J. Nickles, Weibo Cai Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

An Experimental and Computational Approach to the Development of ZnO Nanoparticles that are Safe by Design
Zinc oxide nanoparticles have found wide application due to their unique optoelectronic and photocatalytic characteristics. However, their safety aspects remain of critical concern, prompting the use of physicochemical modifications of pristine ZnO to reduce any potential toxicity. However, the relationships between these modifications and their effects on biology are complex and still relatively unexplored. To address this knowledge gap, a library of 45 types of ZnO nanoparticles with varying particle size, aspect ratio, doping type, doping concentration, and surface coating is synthesized, and their biological effects me...
Source: Small - May 10, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Tu C. Le, Hong Yin, Rui Chen, Yandong Chen, Lin Zhao, Philip S. Casey, Chunying Chen, David A. Winkler Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Mitochondria‐Targeting Magnetic Composite Nanoparticles for Enhanced Phototherapy of Cancer
Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are promising cancer treatment modalities in current days while the high laser power density demand and low tumor accumulation are key obstacles that have greatly restricted their development. Here, magnetic composite nanoparticles for dual‐modal PTT and PDT which have realized enhanced cancer therapeutic effect by mitochondria‐targeting are reported. Integrating PTT agent and photosensitizer together, the composite nanoparticles are able to generate heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) simultaneously upon near infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. After surface m...
Source: Small - June 30, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Ranran Guo, Haibao Peng, Ye Tian, Shun Shen, Wuli Yang Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Mitochondria ‐Targeting Magnetic Composite Nanoparticles for Enhanced Phototherapy of Cancer
Photothermal therapy (PTT) and photodynamic therapy (PDT) are promising cancer treatment modalities in current days while the high laser power density demand and low tumor accumulation are key obstacles that have greatly restricted their development. Here, magnetic composite nanoparticles for dual‐modal PTT and PDT which have realized enhanced cancer therapeutic effect by mitochondria‐targeting are reported. Integrating PTT agent and photosensitizer together, the composite nanoparticles are able to generate heat and reactive oxygen species (ROS) simultaneously upon near infrared (NIR) laser irradiation. After surface m...
Source: Small - July 6, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Ranran Guo, Haibao Peng, Ye Tian, Shun Shen, Wuli Yang Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Continuous Production of Discrete Plasmid DNA ‐Polycation Nanoparticles Using Flash Nanocomplexation
Despite successful demonstration of linear polyethyleneimine (lPEI) as an effective carrier for a wide range of gene medicine, including DNA plasmids, small interfering RNAs, mRNAs, etc., and continuous improvement of the physical properties and biological performance of the polyelectrolyte complex nanoparticles prepared from lPEI and nucleic acids, there still exist major challenges to produce these nanocomplexes in a scalable manner, particularly for lPEI/DNA nanoparticles. This has significantly hindered the progress toward clinical translation of these nanoparticle‐based gene medicine. Here the authors report a flash...
Source: Small - September 21, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Jose Luis Santos, Yong Ren, John Vandermark, Maani M. Archang, John ‐Michael Williford, Heng‐Wen Liu, Jason Lee, Tza‐Huei Wang, Hai‐Quan Mao Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research

Anisotropic Shape Changes of Silica Nanoparticles Induced in Liquid with Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy
Liquid‐phase transmission electron microscopy (TEM) is used for in‐situ imaging of nanoscale processes taking place in liquid, such as the evolution of nanoparticles during synthesis or structural changes of nanomaterials in liquid environment. Here, it is shown that the focused electron beam of scanning TEM (STEM) brings about the dissolution of silica nanoparticles in water by a gradual reduction of their sizes, and that silica redeposites at the sides of the nanoparticles in the scanning direction of the electron beam, such that elongated nanoparticles are formed. Nanoparticles with an elongation in a different dire...
Source: Small - September 30, 2016 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Jovana Ze čević, Justus Hermannsdörfer, Tobias Schuh, Krijn P. de Jong, Niels de Jonge Tags: Full Paper Source Type: research