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Potential of < em > Azadirachta indica < /em > as a Capping Agent for Antiviral Nanoparticles against SARS-CoV-2
Biomed Res Int. 2022 Sep 15;2022:5714035. doi: 10.1155/2022/5714035. eCollection 2022.ABSTRACTA rare type of pneumonia later on referred to as COVID-19 was reported in China in December 2019. Investigations revealed that this disease is caused by a coronavirus previously identified as SARS-CoV-2, and since then, it has become a global pandemic with new strains emerging rapidly as a result of genetic mutations. Various therapeutic options are being explored in order to eradicate this pandemic even though approved vaccine candidates are being currently rolled out globally. Most medicinal plant extracts have astonishing prope...
Source: Biomed Res - September 26, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Frank Eric Tatsing Foka Nanabi Manamela Steven Maluta Mufamadi Hazel Tumelo Mufhandu Source Type: research

Protein Coating Protects Nanoparticles from Immune Attack
Researchers at the University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine have created a new coating for nanoparticles that can help to protect them from attacks by the immune system. The approach, which uses naturally occurring proteins that can inhibit the ...
Source: Medgadget - January 17, 2022 Category: Medical Devices Authors: Conn Hastings Tags: Medicine Nanomedicine @PennHealthTech @PennMedicine @SUBiodesign upenn Source Type: blogs

Optimization of DOTAP/chol Cationic Lipid Nanoparticles for mRNA, pDNA, and Oligonucleotide Delivery
The objective of this study was to examine the effect of the molar ratio of DOTAP/chol, PEGylation, and lipid to mRNA ratio on mRNA transfection, and explore the applications of DOTAP/chol LNPs in pDNA and oligonucleotide transfection. Here we showed that PEGylation significantly decreased mRNA transfection efficiency of DOTAP/chol LNPs. Among non-PEGylated LNP formulations, 1:3 molar ratio of DOTAP/chol in DOTAP/chol LNPs showed the highest mRNA transfection efficiency. Furthermore, the optimal ratio of DOTAP/chol LNPs to mRNA was tested to be 62.5 µM lipid to 1 μg mRNA. More importantly, these mRNA-loaded nanoparticles...
Source: AAPS PharmSciTech - May 9, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Mengwei Sun Utkarsh J Dang Yuhao Yuan Alexandra Maria Psaras Ositomiwa Osipitan Tracy A Brooks Fake Lu Anthony J Di Pasqua Source Type: research

SARS ‐CoV‐2 Spike Stem Protein Nanoparticles Elicited Broad ADCC and Robust Neutralization against Variants in Mice
The double-layer protein nanoparticles constructed from stem subunit (S2) and prefusion spike protein (Pre) induce potent antibody-dependent cellular cytotoxicity antibodies and neutralize antibodies. Moreover, with a more balanced immunoglobulin G isotype antibody, long-lasting immune responses, and excellent safety profiles, the nanoparticles have the potential to be developed into broader severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2  vaccines. AbstractSevere acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has caused the global pandemic. The virus is rapidly evolving, characterized by the emergence of several m...
Source: Small - May 24, 2022 Category: Nanotechnology Authors: Yao Ma, Ye Wang, Chunhong Dong, Gilbert X. Gonzalez, Wandi Zhu, Joo Kim, Lai Wei, Sang ‐Moo Kang, Bao‐Zhong Wang Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Microfluidic production of mRNA-loaded lipid nanoparticles for vaccine applications
Expert Opin Drug Deliv. 2022 Oct 12. doi: 10.1080/17425247.2022.2135502. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTINTRODUCTION: During past years, lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) have emerged as promising carriers for RNA delivery, with several clinical trials focusing on both infectious diseases and cancer. More recently, the success of messenger RNA (mRNA) vaccines for the treatment of severe diseases such as acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), is partially justified by the development of LNPs encapsulating mRNA for efficient cytosolic delivery.AREAS COVERED: This review examines the production and formulation of LNPs...
Source: Cancer Control - October 12, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Carolina Lopes Joana Crist óvão V ânia Silvério Paulo Roque Lino Pedro Fonte Source Type: research

Development of targeted nanoparticles loaded with antiviral drugs for SARS-CoV-2 inhibition
Eur J Med Chem. 2022 Jan 13;231:114121. doi: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2022.114121. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTRecently, a novel coronavirus, known as severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), has raised global concerns, being the etiological agent of the current pandemic infectious coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). Specific prophylactic treatments like vaccines, have been authorized for use by regulatory bodies in multiple countries, however there is an urgent need to identify new, safe, and targeted therapeutics as post-exposure therapy for COVID-19. Among a plethora of potential pharmacological targets,...
Source: European Journal of Medicinal Chemistry - February 3, 2022 Category: Chemistry Authors: Vanna Sanna Sandro Satta Tzung Hsiai Mario Sechi Source Type: research

Ionizable Lipid Nanoparticles Enhanced the Synergistic Adjuvant Effect of CpG ODNs and QS21 in a Varicella Zoster Virus Glycoprotein E Subunit Vaccine
In this report, we found that ionizable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs) approved by the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as vectors for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA vaccines could enhance the synergistic adjuvant effect of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (CpG ODNs) and QS21 on VZV-gE, affecting both humoral immunity and CMI. Vaccines made with these LNPs showed promise as varicella vaccines without a potential risk of herpes zoster, which identifies them as a novel type of herpes zoster vaccine similar to ShingrixTM. All of the components in this LNP-CpG-QS21 adjuvant system were proven to be safe after mass vaccination...
Source: Herpes - May 28, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ning Luan Han Cao Yunfei Wang Kangyang Lin Cunbao Liu Source Type: research

The role of lipid components in lipid nanoparticles for vaccines and gene therapy
Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022 Jul 1:114416. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114416. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTLipid nanoparticles (LNPs) play a key role in mRNA vaccines against COVID-19. In addition, many preclinical and clinical studies, including the siRNA-LNP product, Onpattro®, highlight that LNPs unlock the potential of nucleic acid-based therapies and vaccines. To understand how this 'key' works, we need to learn about the building blocks that constitute LNPs. In this review, we discuss what each lipid component adds to the LNP delivery platform in terms of size, structure, stability, apparent pKa, nucleic acid encapsulati...
Source: Advanced Drug Delivery Reviews - July 5, 2022 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Camilla Hald Albertsen Jayesh Kulkarni Dominik Witzigmann Marianne Lind Karsten Petersson Jens B Simonsen Source Type: research

Lipid Nanoparticles: A Novel Gene Delivery Technique for Clinical Application
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2022 Oct 19;44(10):5013-5027. doi: 10.3390/cimb44100341.ABSTRACTLipid nanoparticles (LNPs) are an emerging vehicle for gene delivery that accommodate both nucleic acid and protein. Based on the experience of therapeutic liposomes, current LNPs have been developed based on the chemistry of lipids and RNA and on the biology of human disease. LNPs have been used for the development of Onpattro, an siRNA drug for transthyretin-mediated amyloidosis, in 2018. The subsequent outbreak of COVID-19 required a vaccine for its suppression. LNP-based vaccine production received much attention for this and resulted...
Source: Current Issues in Molecular Biology - October 26, 2022 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Ryuichi Mashima Shuji Takada Source Type: research