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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

Magnetic Resonance Imaging–guided Endovascular Interventions—Are We There Yet?
“I confess that in 1901, I said to my brother Orville that man would not fly for 50 years…. Ever since, I have distrusted myself and avoided all predictions.”—Wilbur Wright The only robust real-time, one-stop, imaging modality available today for vascular access, endovascular navigation, guidance, definition of lesion morphology, and on-table assessment of endovascular therapy is x-ray angiography. The evaluation of the results of such therapy consists primarily of noting a morphologic change in the lesion or a delayed clinical assessment, rather than an immediate on-table evaluation of anatomic and functional or ...
Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR - May 25, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Krishna Kandarpa Source Type: research

Endovascular treatment of acute type B dissection complicating aortic coarctation.
We describe the case of a 52-year-old man with a long history of untreated hypertension and aortic coarctation who emergently presented at our institution with an acute Stanford type B dissection. The patient's elevated serum creatinine level, perfusion deficit in the right lower limb, and hypertension did not respond to medical therapy, and he did not consent to surgery. By endovascular means, we used a self-expandable stent-graft to cover the entry point of the dissection; then, we deployed a balloon-expandable bare-metal stent to correct residual stenosis. To our knowledge, this is the first report of the endovascular t...
Source: Texas Heart Institute Journal - May 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Kassaian SE, Abbasi K, Mousavi M, Sahebjam M Tags: Tex Heart Inst J Source Type: research

Preventing deep wound infection after coronary artery bypass grafting: a review.
Abstract The consequences of deep wound infections before, during, and after coronary artery bypass grafting have prompted research to clarify risk factors and explore preventive measures to keep infection rates at an irreducible minimum. An analysis of 42 studies in which investigators used multivariate logistic regression analysis revealed that diabetes mellitus and obesity are by far the chief preoperative risk factors. A 4-point preoperative scoring system based on a patient's body mass index and the presence or absence of diabetes is one practical way to determine the risk of mediastinitis, and other risk-esti...
Source: Texas Heart Institute Journal - May 25, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bryan CS, Yarbrough WM Tags: Tex Heart Inst J Source Type: research

The Reply
We are grateful for the knowledgeable remarks by Sexton on our article “Pathophysiology of Lower Extremity Edema in Acute Heart Failure Revisited.” We fully agree with Sexton that the co-occurrence of renal venous congestion and cardiac dysfunction has the potential to negatively affect renal function through the combined influence on renal perfusion. Previously, we have described this interaction by assessing systolic blood pressure and central venous pressure in patients with acute heart failure in the emergency department. We currently believe that the link between impaired renal function and central venous pressure...
Source: The American Journal of Medicine - May 24, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Tobias Breidthardt, Christian Müller Tags: Letters Source Type: research

Mesenchymal stem cell transplantation to the mouse cochlea as a treatment for childhood sensorineural hearing loss
Conclusion: The bone marrow derived MSCs were successfully transplanted into the cochlea of young mice by the perilymphatic perfusion technique and were further differentiated into fibrocyte-like cells without any adverse effects on auditory function. (Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology)
Source: International Journal of Pediatric Otorhinolaryngology - May 24, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Hiromi Kasagi, Takatoshi Kuhara, Hiroko Okada, Noriyoshi Sueyoshi, Hidetake Kurihara Tags: Research papers Source Type: research

P2X7R suppression promotes glioma growth through epidermal growth factor receptor signal pathway.
In conclusion, P2X7R suppression exerts a promoting effect on glioma growth, which is likely to be related to upregulated EGFR, HIF-1α and VEGF expression. These findings provide important clues to the molecular basis of anticancer effect of targeting purinergic receptors. PMID: 23523696 [PubMed - in process] (Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology)
Source: The International Journal of Biochemistry and Cell Biology - May 23, 2013 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Fang J, Chen X, Zhang L, Chen J, Liang Y, Li X, Xiang J, Wang L, Guo G, Zhang B, Zhang W Tags: Int J Biochem Cell Biol Source Type: research

Concomitant Immunity to Schistosoma mansoni in Mice.
Conclusion: These results describe novel imaging methods that permit visualization of live schistosomes within their living hosts and may help to elucidate mechanisms of infection and also be of value not only for epidemiological investigations, but also in designing government control programs for schistosomiasis. (Turkiye Parazitol Derg 2013; 37: 19-22). PMID: 23619040 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology)
Source: Turkish Society for Parasitology - May 23, 2013 Category: Parasitology Authors: Salim AM, Al-Humiany AR Tags: Turkiye Parazitol Derg Source Type: research

Assessment of uterine involution in bitches using B-mode and Doppler ultrasonography.
Abstract The aim of this study was to measure the uterine diameter by B-mode and Doppler velocimetry patterns of uterine arteries in postpartum female dogs after normal delivery or cesarean section (c-section). Ten female dogs were assessed on weeks 0, 1, 2, 3 and 4 postpartum. Only at week 0, bitches submitted to c-section presented higher body diameters and uterine horns when compared to normal delivery. It was observed a reduction in uterine diameters over the weeks in both groups. In general, bitches submitted to c-section presented lower uterine perfusion. Each group presented distinct Doppler velocimetric cha...
Source: Animal Reproduction Science - May 23, 2013 Category: Zoology Authors: Barbosa Cda C, Souza MB, Freitas LA, Silva TF, Domingues SF, Silva LD Tags: Anim Reprod Sci Source Type: research

The Growing Evidence to Support Axillary Cannulation
Introduction: There is increasing evidence to support axillary cannulation over aortic and femoral cannulation in aortic surgery. The advantages include a reduced risk of atheroembolism and malperfusion as well as facilitating selective antegrade cerebral perfusion. We sought to review the results of axillary inflow in aortic surgery as well as other cardiac operations where the ascending aorta cannot be safely cannulated. (Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation)
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - May 23, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Laura S. Fong, Levi Bassin, Manu N. Mathur Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Hearts from Donations After Circulatory Death (DCD) Donors – Assessment on Clinically Approved Ex-vivo Organ Care System
Introduction: Utilising pharmacological ischaemic post-conditioning strategies, we have demonstrated excellent cardiac functional recovery in DCD hearts following 30min warm ischaemia time (WIT) . This has been validated on an ex-vivo construct in the laboratory. The aim of this study was to assess recovery of DCD hearts in a clinically approved Organ Care System – Transmedics OCS. This ex-vivo perfusion device allows assessment of marginal organs from brain dead donors prior to transplantation (Tx). We hypothesised that the Transmedics OCS would provide a suitable platform to gauge the viability of DCD hearts. (Source: ...
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - May 23, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: A. Iyer, A. Doyle, L. Gao, G. Kumarasinghe, B. Wan, A. Jabbour, M. Hicks, P. Jansz, K. Dhital, P. Macdonald Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Implementing Benchmarking in Perfusion Practice: Results of a Multicentre Quality Improvement Initiative
Background: The Perfusion Downunder Collaboration (PDUC) has established a multi-centre perfusion focused database with the objectives of measuring and reporting clinical practice, and to facilitate clinical improvement through the introduction of benchmarking of quantitative quality indicators. (Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation)
Source: Heart, Lung and Circulation - May 23, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Robert A. Baker, Richard F. Newland, Carmel Fenton, Michael McDonald, Timothy W. Willcox, Alan F. Merry, For the Perfusion Downunder Collaboration Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

Effective dose to patients and staff when using a mobile PET/SPECT system.
Abstract The purpose of this study was to determine the number of weekly acquisitions permissible using a mobile PET/SPECT scanner for myocardial perfusion/viability imaging in an intensive care unit (ICU) based on the effective dose to patients and staff. The effective dose to other patients and staff in an ICU was calculated following recommendations from the American Association of Physicists in Medicine Task Group 108 report (AAPM TG-108). The number of weekly acquisitions using 555 MBq (15 mCi) Tc-99m for myocardial perfusion or F-18 for myocardial viability was determined using the regulatory limits described...
Source: Journal of Applied Clinical Medical Physics - May 23, 2013 Category: Physics Authors: Studenski MT Tags: J Appl Clin Med Phys Source Type: research

Pulmonary Perfused Blood Volume with Dual-Energy CT as Surrogate for Pulmonary Perfusion Assessed with Dynamic Multidetector CT [Experimental Studies]
Conclusion: CT-derived PBV heterogeneity is a suitable surrogate for CT-derived PBF heterogeneity. ©RSNA, 2012 Supplemental material: http://radiology.rsna.org/lookup/suppl/doi:10.1148/radiol.12112789/-/DC1 (Source: Radiology)
Source: Radiology - May 23, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Fuld, M. K., Halaweish, A. F., Haynes, S. E., Divekar, A. A., Guo, J., Hoffman, E. A. Tags: Chest Radiology Experimental Studies Source Type: research

Primary proteasome inhibition results in cardiac dysfunction
Conclusion The current study demonstrates that chronic proeasome inhibition affects the cardiovascular system, leading to functional and structural alteration of the heart consistent with a hypertrophic–restrictive cardiomyopathy phenotype. (Source: European Journal of Heart Failure)
Source: European Journal of Heart Failure - May 22, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Herrmann, J., Wohlert, C., Saguner, A. M., Flores, A., Nesbitt, L. L., Chade, A., Lerman, L. O., Lerman, A. Tags: EXPERIMENTAL Source Type: research

Absent Aortic Valve Associated with Double Outlet Right Ventricle and Aortopulmonary Window: Physiologic Implications of a Rare Malformation in both the Fetus and Neonate
This report demonstrates that absent aortic valve is a condition that can be diagnosed prenatally by fetal echocardiogram; the highly abnormal physiology places these patients at risk for fetal heart failure. Given the potential for clinical instability and rapid deterioration after birth, such patients should undergo rapid postnatal assessment and immediate surgical intervention when deemed appropriate. (Source: Congenital Heart Disease)
Source: Congenital Heart Disease - May 22, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Arash A. Sabati, Pierre C. Wong, Linda Randolph, Jay D. Pruetz Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

HIMALAIA (Hypertension Induction in the Management of AneurysmaL subArachnoid haemorrhage with secondary IschaemiA): a randomized single‐blind controlled trial of induced hypertension vs. no induced hypertension in the treatment of delayed cerebral ischemia after subarachnoid hemorrhage
This article describes the design of the HIMALAIA trial (Hypertension Induction in the Management of AneurysmaL subArachnoid haemorrhage with secondary IschaemiA), designed to assess the effectiveness of induced hypertension on neurological outcome in patients with DCI after SAH. AimsTo investigate whether induced hypertension improves the functional outcome in patients with delayed cerebral ischemia after SAH. DesignThe HIMALAIA trial is a multicenter, singe‐blinded, randomized controlled trial in patients with DCI after a recent SAH. Eligible patients will be randomized to either induced hypertension (n = 120) or t...
Source: International Journal of Stroke - May 22, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: C. S. Gathier, W. M. Bergh, A. J. C. Slooter, Tags: Protocols Source Type: research

Neurobiological insight into hyperbaric hyperoxia
ConclusionsThe present study firstly confirmed the rCBF distribution increase during HBO in sensory‐motor and visual cortices and it showed for the first time a higher perfusion tracer distribution in areas encompassed in dorsal attention system and in default mode network. These findings unfold both the externally directed cognition performance improvement related to the HBO and the internally directed cognition states during resting state conditions, suggesting possible beneficial effects in TBI and stroke patients.This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Acta Physiologica)
Source: Acta Physiologica - May 21, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Alessandro Micarelli, Hans Jacobsson, Stig A Larsson, Cathrine Jonsson, Marco Pagani Tags: Regular Paper Source Type: research

Recurrent upper gastrointestinal bleeding masquerading as gastric variceal bleeding on endoscopy after liver transplantation
Abstract Splenic artery ligation is commonly performed today, especially during live donor liver transplantation to prevent portal hyper‐perfusion and small‐for‐size syndrome. The current case describes submucosal gastric arterial lesions that developed following splenic artery ligation during live donor liver transplantation. Those arterial lesions manifested with massive gastrointestinal bleeding four years following liver transplant and they had an endoscopic appearance similar to that of gastric varices. Cyanoacrylate, the therapeutic modality of choice for gastric varices, is associated with a significant risk o...
Source: Liver Transplantation - May 21, 2013 Category: Transplant Surgery Authors: Ibrahim A. Hanouneh, Bradley D. Confer, Nizar N. Zein, Naim Alkhouri, Bijan Eghtesad Tags: Images in Liver Transplantation Source Type: research

Assessment of an in vitro transport model using BeWo b30 cells to predict placental transfer of compounds.
Abstract The human ex vivo placental perfusion model has regularly been used to study the transplacental transport of compounds. However, this method is laborious and dependent on the presence of fresh human placenta, hampering its use for the assessment of large numbers of compounds. An in vitro model for the placental barrier using BeWo b30 cells may provide an alternative to the ex vivo system. The present study aims to assess whether such an in vitro model could be used to reliably predict placental transfer. To this end, BeWo b30 cells, derived from a human choriocarcinoma, were grown on transwell insert to fo...
Source: Archives of Toxicology - May 21, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Li H, van Ravenzwaay B, Rietjens IM, Louisse J Tags: Arch Toxicol Source Type: research

Experience in daily practice with ipilimumab for the treatment of patients with metastatic melanoma: an early increase in lymphocyte and eosinophil counts is associated with improved survival
Conclusion Ipilimumab toxic effect is manageable in real life. Biological data such as lymphocyte and eosinophil counts at the time of the second ipilimumab infusion appear to be early markers associated with better OS. (Source: Annals of Oncology)
Source: Annals of Oncology - May 21, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Delyon, J., Mateus, C., Lefeuvre, D., Lanoy, E., Zitvogel, L., Chaput, N., Roy, S., Eggermont, A. M. M., Routier, E., Robert, C. Tags: sarcomas and melanoma Source Type: research

Melatonin acts through MT1/MT2 receptors to activate hypothalamic AKT and suppress hepatic gluconeogenesis in rats.
Abstract Melatonin can contribute to glucose homeostasis either by decreasing gluconeogenesis or by counteracting insulin resistance in distinct models of obesity. However, the precise mechanism through which melatonin controls glucose homeostasis is not completely understood. Male Wistar rats were administered an intracerebroventricular (icv) injection of melatonin and one of following: an icv injection of a phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) inhibitor, an icv injection of a melatonin receptor (MT) antagonist or an ip injection of a muscarinic receptor antagonist. Anesthetized rats were subjected to pyruvate tol...
Source: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism - May 21, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Faria JA, Kinote A, Ignacio-Souza LM, de Araújo TM, Razolli DS, Doneda DL, Paschoal LB, Lellis-Santos C, Bertolini GL, Velloso LA, Bordin S, Anhe GF Tags: Am J Physiol Endocrinol Metab Source Type: research

Identification of Therapeutic Benefit from Revascularization in Patients With Left Ventricular Systolic Dysfunction: Inducible Ischemia Versus Hibernating Myocardium [Original Articles]
Conclusions— Among patients with ischemic cardiomyopathy, hibernating, but not ischemic, myocardium identifies which patients may accrue a survival benefit with revascularization versus medical therapy. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging - May 21, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Ling, L. F., Marwick, T. H., Flores, D. R., Jaber, W. A., Brunken, R. C., Cerqueira, M. D., Hachamovitch, R. Tags: Health policy and outcome research, Congestive, Nuclear cardiology and PET, CV surgery: coronary artery disease, Chronic ischemic heart disease Original Articles Source Type: research

Yield and Diagnostic Value of Stress Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Patients Without Known Coronary Artery Disease Presenting With Syncope [Original Articles]
Conclusions— Stress MPI for evaluation of syncope in patients without known coronary artery disease has a low-diagnostic yield among all risk categories; thus, reaffirmation and revision of the appropriateness criteria should be considered. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging - May 21, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: AlJaroudi, W. A., Alraies, M. C., Wazni, O., Cerqueira, M. D., Jaber, W. A. Tags: Nuclear cardiology and PET, PET and SPECT Original Articles Source Type: research

Prevalence and Predictors of Ischemia and Outcomes in Outpatients With Diabetes Mellitus Referred for Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography Myocardial Perfusion Imaging [Original Articles]
Conclusions— This cohort of stable outpatients with diabetes mellitus referred for single-photon emission computed tomography had low rates of significant ischemia and early revascularization; an initially low cardiac event rate increased after 2 years. Independent predictors of cardiac death/nonfatal myocardial infarction were known coronary artery disease, pharmacological stress, and MPI ischemia. Nearly one third of those with events had a normal MPI, indicating a need for improved risk stratification. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Imaging - May 21, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Bourque, J. M., Patel, C. A., Ali, M. M., Perez, M., Watson, D. D., Beller, G. A. Tags: Type 1 diabetes, Type 2 diabetes, Nuclear cardiology and PET, Chronic ischemic heart disease Original Articles Source Type: research

Direct renin inhibition: extricating facts from facades
The renin–angiotensin system (RAS) affects vascular tone, cardiac output and kidney function. By these means the RAS plays a key role in the pathogenesis of arterial hypertension. As a result, RAS inhibition is highly effective not only in lowering blood pressure but also in reducing kidney disease progression (particularly when associated with proteinuria) and cardiovascular events. Among RAS blocking agents, direct renin inhibitors have shown not only excellent efficacy in hypertension control but also pharmacologic tolerance that is comparable with other renin–angiotensin suppressors. Indeed, aliskiren, the ...
Source: Therapeutic Advances in Cardiovascular Disease - May 20, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Juncos, L. Tags: Reviews Source Type: research

Spontaneous coronary artery dissection: is there a metabolic association?
We present a case of a man presenting with chest pain and arrhythmia found to have multivessel spontaneous coronary artery dissection and hyperhomocysteinemia and we raise the possibility of a potential link between the two conditions. PMID: 23690315 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Perfusion)
Source: Perfusion - May 20, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Liang J, Skalski J, Mankad R Tags: Perfusion Source Type: research

Trials of endovascular therapies or collaterals?
Several landmark clinical trials of endovascular therapy for acute ischemic stroke have recently jolted the concerted multidisciplinary efforts to develop effective revascularization strategies. Further consideration of these four endovascular stroke trials published in the last year suggests a more fundamental question: are these trials of specific treatments or have the results simply reflected the importance of underlying pathophysiology? Data from IMS III, MR RESCUE, SWIFT and TREVO2 consistently demonstrate the dramatic impact of collateral perfusion in acute ischemic stroke. Such collateral, or parallel, trials of th...
Source: International Journal of Stroke - May 20, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: David S. Liebeskind Tags: Leading opinion Source Type: research

Macular choroidal blood flow velocity decreases with regression of acute central serous chorioretinopathy
Conclusions These results indicate that macular choroidal blood flow velocity decreases concurrently with regression of CSC, suggesting a validity of choroidal blood flow elevation in the pathogenesis of acute CSC. (Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology)
Source: British Journal of Ophthalmology - May 18, 2013 Category: Opthalmology Authors: Saito, M., Saito, W., Hashimoto, Y., Yoshizawa, C., Fujiya, A., Noda, K., Ishida, S. Tags: Original articles - Clinical science Source Type: research

Pulsatile Perfusion Bioreactor System for Durability Testing and Compliance Estimation of Tissue Engineered Vascular Grafts.
In conclusion, we developed a bioreactor for the conditioning of tissue engineered vascular grafts under controlled pressure conditions. The system is suitable to perform durability tests at supra-physiological pulse rates and physiological pressure levels under continuous monitoring of environmental variables (pH, pO2, pCO2, and temperature) and compliance. PMID: 23681651 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering)
Source: Annals of Biomedical Engineering - May 17, 2013 Category: Biomedical Engineering Authors: Diamantouros SE, Hurtado-Aguilar LG, Schmitz-Rode T, Mela P, Jockenhoevel S Tags: Ann Biomed Eng Source Type: research

Acute Stroke: Automatic Perfusion Lesion Outlining Using Level Sets [Computer Applications]
In acute stroke, the outlining of hypoperfused tissue with an automated algorithm is in good agreement with the defining of lesions manually in consensus by experts and is superior to current threshold approaches. (Source: Continuous Publishing articles)
Source: Continuous Publishing articles - May 17, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Mouridsen, K., Nagenthiraja, K., Jonsdottir, K. Y., Ribe, L. R., Neumann, A. B., Hjort, N., Ostergaard, L. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroradiology, Informatics Computer Applications Source Type: research

Exploring haemodynamics of haemodialysis using extrema points analysis model
Conclusion: Haemodialysis patients potentially exhibit an aberrant haemodynamic behaviour characterised by higher extrema frequencies of mean arterial blood pressure and lower extrema frequencies of total peripheral resistance. This, in theory, could lead to higher variation in organ perfusion and may be detrimental to vulnerable vascular beds. (Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling)
Source: Theoretical Biology and Medical Modelling - May 16, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Mohamed EldehniAghogho OduduChristopher McIntyre Source Type: research

Antegrade and retrograde arterial perfusion strategy in minimally invasive mitral-valve surgery: a propensity score analysis on 1280 patients [ADULT CARDIAC]
CONCLUSIONS Minimally invasive mitral valve procedure can be performed with low morbidity and mortality. The use of retrograde perfusion is associated with a higher incidence of neurological complications and aortic dissection when compared with antegrade perfusion. Central aortic cannulation allows the avoidance of complications associated with retrograde perfusion while extending the suitability of minimally invasive mitral procedures also to those patients who have an absolute contraindication to femoral artery cannulation. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - May 16, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Murzi, M., Cerillo, A. G., Miceli, A., Bevilacqua, S., Kallushi, E., Farneti, P., Solinas, M., Glauber, M. Tags: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Near-infrared spectroscopy for neuromonitoring of unilateral cerebral perfusion [ADULT CARDIAC]
CONCLUSIONS NIRS seems to be a reliable instrument to recognize a relevant disruption of cerebral cross-perfusion during UCP. A drop of brain oxygen saturation to 40% and/or 70% of the baseline can be considered a threshold value for sufficient cerebral cross-perfusion, at least under the flow and temperature management presented. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - May 16, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Urbanski, P. P., Lenos, A., Kolowca, M., Bougioukakis, P., Keller, G., Zacher, M., Diegeler, A. Tags: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Editorial Comment: Uni- or bilateral antegrade cerebral perfusion: that is the question! [ADULT CARDIAC]
(Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - May 16, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Grabenwoger, M. Tags: ADULT CARDIAC Source Type: research

Cryopreserved human allografts (homografts) for the management of graft infections in the ascending aortic position extending to the arch [AORTIC SURGERY]
CONCLUSIONS Surgery for infected Dacron grafts in the ascending aortic position with involvement of the arch can be performed with an acceptable perioperative mortality. In case of degeneration of the valve, reoperations can be performed with good results in experienced hands. Therefore, we consider the concept of complete explantation of all infected material and replacement with homografts a successful treatment strategy. Nevertheless, close follow-up of the patients is mandatory so as not to miss any degeneration or reinfection of the implanted grafts. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - May 16, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Khaladj, N., Pichlmaier, U., Stachmann, A., Peterss, S., Reichelt, A., Hagl, C., Haverich, A., Pichlmaier, M. Tags: AORTIC SURGERY Source Type: research

Adenosine injection prior to cardioplegia enhances preservation of senescent hearts in rat heterotopic heart transplantation [BASIC SCIENCE]
CONCLUSIONS Adenosine injection prior to perfusion of cardioplegia significantly reduced cold ischaemia/reperfusion injury in cardiac grafts from older donors and improved the stores of cellular energy after reperfusion. This procurement protocol may be clinically feasible and should be considered in the clinical setting, particularly for older donors. (Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery)
Source: European Journal of Cardio-Thoracic Surgery - May 16, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Hyun Lim, S., Lee, S., Noda, K., Kawamura, T., Tanaka, Y., Shigemura, N., Nakao, A., Toyoda, Y. Tags: BASIC SCIENCE Source Type: research

Cardiac ventricular dimensions predict cognitive decline and cerebral blood flow abnormalities in aging men
Conclusions: Mild echocardiographic abnormalities in 68ys.-old men, as increased LVIDd and lower FS, are associated with lower cognitive test results and may predict cognitive decline and silent cerebral perfusion abnormalities 14 years later. (Source: BMC Geriatrics)
Source: BMC Geriatrics - May 15, 2013 Category: Geriatrics Authors: Linda FuruängPer WollmerArkadiusz Siennicki-LantzSölve Elmståhl Source Type: research

Cognitive Impairment in Mild Traumatic Brain Injury: A Longitudinal Diffusional Kurtosis and Perfusion Imaging Study [BRAIN]
CONCLUSIONS: Combined application of DTI, DKI, and ASL to study MTBI might be useful for investigating dynamic changes in the thalamus and WM as well as cognitive impairment during a short follow-up period, though the small number of patients examined did not predict outcome. (Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology)
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Grossman, E. J., Jensen, J. H., Babb, J. S., Chen, Q., Tabesh, A., Fieremans, E., Xia, D., Inglese, M., Grossman, R. I. Tags: BRAIN Source Type: research

CT Perfusion Spot Sign Improves Sensitivity for Prediction of Outcome Compared with CTA and Postcontrast CT [BRAIN]
CONCLUSIONS: CTP spot sign detection improves the sensitivity for prediction of outcome compared with CTA or postcontrast CT–detected spots. (Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology)
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Koculym, A., Huynh, T. J., Jakubovic, R., Zhang, L., Aviv, R. I. Tags: BRAIN Source Type: research

T1-Weighted Dynamic Contrast-Enhanced MR Evaluation of Different Stages of Neurocysticercosis and Its Relationship with Serum MMP-9 Expression [BRAIN]
CONCLUSIONS: We conclude that kep correlates best with serum MMP-9 expression among the pharmacokinetic indices and most closely represents the degree of BBB breakdown, which is highest in the colloidal stage and lowest in the calcified stage. kep may be used as a noninvasive image biomarker of BBB breakdown in different stages of NCC. (Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology)
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Gupta, R. K., Awasthi, R., Garg, R. K., Kumar, N., Gupta, P. K., Singh, A. K., Sahoo, P., Paliwal, V. K., Prasad, K. N., Pandey, C. M., Rathore, R. K. S. Tags: BRAIN Source Type: research

Human Papillomavirus, p16, and Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Biomarkers and CT Perfusion Values in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma [HEAD & NECK]
CONCLUSIONS: A significant correlation exists between CTP measures and EGFR overexpression in head and neck squamous cell carcinomas, suggesting an association between certain imaging findings and molecular biomarkers. These results may be related to a tumor cell survival mechanism linking perfusion and biomarker expression. (Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology)
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Hoefling, N. L., McHugh, J. B., Light, E., Kumar, B., Walline, H., Prince, M., Bradford, C., Carey, T. E., Mukherji, S. K. Tags: HEAD & amp; NECK Source Type: research

Comparison of three‐dimensional pseudo‐continuous arterial spin labeling perfusion imaging with gradient‐echo and spin‐echo dynamic susceptibility contrast MRI
ConclusionThis study suggested that perfusion images obtained from 3D‐PCASL exhibited significant correlations with DSC‐MRI, with greater microvascular weighting like SE‐DSC. J. Magn. Reson. Imaging 2013. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging)
Source: Journal of Magnetic Resonance Imaging - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Alex M. Wong, Feng‐Xian Yan, Ho‐Ling Liu Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Abstract 39: Does Higher Use Of Non-invasive Testing Improve the Diagnostic Yield Of Coronary Angiography? [Poster Session I]
Conclusion. Non-invasive testing prior to elective coronary angiography was not associated with increased revascularization in either patient-level or regional-level analyses. Efforts to improve the diagnostic yield of elective coronary angiography by increasing prior use of non-invasive testing may be limited in real-world settings. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Chen, J., Wang, H., Fazel, R., Normand, S.-L. T., Bradford, D., Al-Mallah, M., Cohen, D. J., Spettell, C., Fernandez, J., Shaw, L., Krumholz, H. M., Nallamothu, B. N. Tags: Poster Session I Source Type: research

Abstract 40: Temporal Trends of SPECT Myocardial Perfusion Imaging in Patients without Coronary Artery Disease: A 17-Year Experience from a Tertiary Academic Medical Center [Poster Session I]
Conclusions: In Mayo Clinic Rochester, annual SPECT utilization in patients without prior CAD increased between 1992 and 2002, but then decreased in advance of national trends. Normal tests increased, while summed stress score, summed difference score, and high risk tests all decreased. These data suggest that SPECT was increasingly utilized in patients with a lower prevalence of CAD. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Jouni, H., Askew, J. W., Crusan, D. J., Miller, T. D., Gibbons, R. J. Tags: Poster Session I Source Type: research

Abstract 45: Hemodynamic and Clinical Determinants of Coronary Sinus Flow in Patients Referred for Cardiac Catheterization [Poster Session I]
Conclusions: Coronary sinus blood flow is determined by patient morbidities and central hemodynamic parameters. CSBF tends to be lower in patients with obstructive CAD, diabetes and/or HTN. Increased RA pressure and systemic HTN are associated with augmented CSBF. We speculate that effects of RA pressure on CSBF are reflective of preload and intrathoracic pressure parameters. Increased intrathoracic pressure may augment coronary blood flow by compression of the aorta and improved coronary perfusion gradient. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Saunders, J., Lyubarova, R., El-Hajjar, M., Torosoff, M. Tags: Poster Session I Source Type: research

Abstract 73: Use of an ED- Based Observation Unit Followed by Outpatient Stress Testing in Chest Pain Patients with Prior Coronary Artery Disease History: Evaluation of Safety and Prognostic Utility [Poster Session I]
Conclusion: A strategy of observation followed by stress MPI can safely and effectively risk stratify CP patients with prior CAD for long-term CV events. However, our data suggests these patients are at increased risk of CV events even after a low-risk follow-up stress MPI study. Thus, patients presenting with CP and managed with a strategy of observation and a non-ischemic stress MPI still warrant close short and long term monitoring for recurrent events. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Khalil, Y., Pandey, P., Schwartz, M., Abdul-Latif, M., Matsumura, M. E. Tags: Poster Session I Source Type: research

Abstract 128: Pre-operative Team Huddle Improves Communication and Reduces Variability in Surgical Repair of Congenital Heart Disease [Poster Session I]
Conclusions: A team approach to care had a tremendous effect on patient outcomes, by improving communication of the plan and helps guide critical decisions. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Phillips, A., Olshove, V. Tags: Poster Session I Source Type: research

Abstract 240: Differences in Test-related Clinical and Economic Outcomes between Patients who underwent Single-photon Emission Computed Tomography using Regadenoson versus Patients who underwent Echocardiograms using Dobutamine [Poster Session II]
Adult patients who underwent single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) myocardial perfusion imaging testing with regadenoson and echocardiogram (ECHO) testing with dobutamine on the same day or within 1 day of testing (07/01/2006-05/31/2011) were selected from the MarketScan Commercial and Medicare Supplemental Database (01/01/2006-06/30/2011). The latest test date was designated as the index date. Continuous health plan benefits 6-month pre- and 30-day post-index date, and no stress, planar, SPECT or ECHO test, or regadenoson, dipyridamole, adenosine or dobutamine prescriptions during the 6-month baseline period ...
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Xie, L., Spalding, J., Baser, O. Tags: Poster Session II Source Type: research

Abstract 356: Comparison Of Inappropriate Myocardial Perfusion Imaging By Specialty Training And Encounter Location [Poster Session III]
Conclusions: The proportion of MPI ordering for inappropriate indications was similar when comparing the specialty training of the ordering provider and the location of the ordering encounter. The most common inappropriate indications ordered by each group, however, were different. Our findings suggest that initiatives to reduce inappropriate use should be aimed at all providers, but targeted to specific inappropriate indications. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Winchester, D. E., Meral, R., Nguyen, D., Ryals, S., Dusaj, R., Shaw, L., Beyth, R. Tags: Poster Session III Source Type: research

Long-term effect of prazosin and losartan administration on blood pressure, heart, carotid artery, and acetylcholine induced dilation of cardiovascular system of young Wistar rats and SHR.
Abstract The long-term effects of prazosin and losartan administration on blood pressure, trophicity of the heart and carotid arteries, and responses of the cardiovascular system to acetylcholine, were studied in Wistar rats and spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHRs). Four-week-old rats were treated with prazosin (10 mg/kg b.w./day in tap water) or losartan (20 mg/kg b.w./day in tap water) for 5-6 weeks. BP was measured by plethysmographic method. Ten animals of each group were subjected to in vivo studies and subsequent to morphological investigations. The right jugular vein was cannulated for administration of ac...
Source: General Physiology and Biophysics - May 15, 2013 Category: Physiology Authors: Kristek F, Malekova M, Cacanyiova S Tags: Gen Physiol Biophys Source Type: research