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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

Ambulatory treatment in the management of pneumothorax: a systematic review of the literature
Conclusions High-quality data to support the use of HV for ambulatory treatment of pneumothorax is sparse. The use of HV in such circumstances may have benefits for patient comfort, mobility and avoidance of hospital admission, with comparable outcomes to current practice. There is urgent need for a carefully designed RCT to answer his question. (Source: Thorax)
Source: Thorax - June 15, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Brims, F. J. H., Maskell, N. A. Tags: Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Editor's choice Pleural disease Source Type: research

Managing iatrogenic pneumothorax and chest tubes
We present a discussion of the current published literature and our management algorithms for hospitalists caring for patients admitted with iatrogenic pneumothorax. Journal of Hospital Medicine 2013;. © 2013 Society of Hospital Medicine (Source: Journal of Hospital Medicine)
Source: Journal of Hospital Medicine - June 14, 2013 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Andrea Loiselle, James M. Parish, James A. Wilkens, Dawn E. Jaroszewski Tags: Review Source Type: research

Spontaneous pneumothoraces in hereditary multiple exostoses
A 12-year-old boy, with a prior diagnosis of hereditary multiple exostoses, presented with sudden onset shortness of breath and chest pain. Physical examination and chest x-ray (CXR) revealed a large left tension pneumothorax (figures 1 and 2). A chest drain was inserted and follow-up CXR showed complete resolution, allowing discharge 4 days later. The presence of multiple rib exostoses on CXR raised the possibility of pneumothorax occurring secondary to direct trauma from one such lesion. CT chest confirmed multiple bony exostoses and identified a causative lesion arising from the anterior left fourth rib. The patien...
Source: Archives of Disease in Childhood - June 11, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Chawla, J. K., Jackson, M., Munro, F. D. Tags: Miscellanea Source Type: research

Kinase inhibitors fail to induce mesenchymal-epithelial transition in fibroblasts from fibrotic lung tissue.
Abstract Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) has been considered to be involved in idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF). However, the EMT process in vivo is much more complex and controversial. Studies regarding the opposite process, mesenchymal-epithelial transition (MET) in fibroblasts, are limited. Therefore, the aim of this study was to verify the involvement of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-β1-dependent EMT network in the process of pulmonary fibrosis and to explore the possibility of MET. Fibrotic lung tissues were obtained from patients with IPF with histological evidence of usual interstitial pn...
Source: International Journal of Molecular Medicine - June 11, 2013 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Xu X, Wan X, Geng J, Li F, Wang C, Dai H Tags: Int J Mol Med Source Type: research

Iterative cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy for recurrent peritoneal metastases
ConclusionIterative CRS achieved further peritoneal disease control without adverse effects on morbidity. Patients with appendiceal tumors and peritoneal mesothelioma appear to benefit most after iCRS. Intraoperative HIPEC remains important in the repetoire of managing these patients. J. Surg. Oncol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology)
Source: Journal of Surgical Oncology - June 5, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: TERENCE C. CHUA, LIAM E. QUINN, JING ZHAO, DAVID L. MORRIS Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Pulmonary Melioidosis Complicated by Pneumothorax.
PMID: 23706470 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - May 29, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Hsu KY, Chang JM Tags: Ann Thorac Surg Source Type: research

Pulmonary Melioidosis Complicated by Pneumothorax [IMAGES IN CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY]
(Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - May 29, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Hsu, K.-Y., Chang, J.-M. Tags: Lung - other IMAGES IN CARDIOTHORACIC SURGERY Source Type: research

Efficacy of Polyglycolic Acid Sheet After Thoracoscopic Bullectomy for Spontaneous Pneumothorax [ORIGINAL ARTICLES: GENERAL THORACIC]
Conclusions Coverage with PGA sheet and pleural abrasion after thoracoscopic bullectomy is effective for preventing prolonged postoperative air leaks and reducing postoperative recurrence rates. (Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery)
Source: The Annals of Thoracic Surgery - May 29, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Lee, S., Park, S. Y., Bae, M. K., Lee, J. G., Kim, D. J., Chung, K. Y., Lee, C. Y. Tags: Lung - other ORIGINAL ARTICLES: GENERAL THORACIC Source Type: research

Axillary Vein Puncture Without Contrast Venography for Pacemaker and Defibrillator Leads Implantation
ConclusionsOur approach of axillary venipunture using fluoroscopic landmark, without contrast venography, is simple, safe, and effective. (Source: Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE)
Source: Pacing and Clinical Electrophysiology : PACE - May 28, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: DANTE ANTONELLI, ALEXANDER FELDMAN, NAHUM A. FREEDBERG, YOAV TURGEMAN Tags: ORIGINAL ARTICLE Source Type: research

Bedside Sonography for Detection of Postprocedure Pneumothorax
Conclusions— When a good-quality scan is achieved, bedside chest sonography is a valuable tool for evaluation of postprocedure pneumothorax. Patients with preexisting lung disease, in whom the quality of the sonographic examination is limited, should be studied with chest radiography. (Source: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine)
Source: Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine - May 28, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Shostak, E., Brylka, D., Krepp, J., Pua, B., Sanders, A. Tags: Original Research Source Type: research

Elevation of Serum Procalcitonin in Patients after Chemical Pleurodesis with Intrapleural Injection of OK‐432
ConclusionIntrapleural injection of OK‐432 could increase the serum level of PCT and WBC with no bacterial infection. The serum PCT level may not be useful to distinguish whether fever was caused by the side effects of OK‐432 or concurrent bacterial infection. (Source: The Clinical Respiratory Journal)
Source: The Clinical Respiratory Journal - May 27, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Bing‐ling Xu, Jin‐quan Yu, Ke‐jing Tang, Da‐yue Liu, Yu‐kun Kuang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Unclamped hand-assisted laparoscopic partial nephrectomy for predominantly endophytic renal tumors.
CONCLUSION: While our results are preliminary, we feel this technique provides superior visualization and adequate hemostasis while preserving oncologic efficacy and renal function in this patient population. PMID: 23504680 [PubMed - in process] (Source: Urology Journal)
Source: Urology Journal - May 26, 2013 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Engel JD, Williams SB Tags: Urol J Source Type: research

Clinical-Pathological Findings of Catamenial Pneumothorax: Comparison between Recurrent Cases and Non-Recurrent Cases.
Conclusions: The recurrence rate of CP is high. Further study of the optimal management strategies is needed, especially for CP cases with the endometrial gland in the diaphragm. PMID: 23698374 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - May 23, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Haga T, Kurihara M, Kataoka H, Ebana H Tags: Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Source Type: research

What Causes Spontaneous Pneumothorax?
Discussion “A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space, and it can be categorized into spontaneous, traumatic or iatrogenic. Spontaneous pneumothorax can be further classified into primary with no clinical evidence of underlying lung disease or secondary due to pre-existing lung disease.” Spontaneous pneumothorax is a condition that is relatively rare in pediatrics. There is a bimodal age distribution – neonates and late adolescence. It is caused by tearing of the visceral pleural. Clinical signs include chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, tracheal deviation towards contralateral side, hypot...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - May 19, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Donna M. D'Alessandro, M.D. Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

An Uncommon Accident and Unusual Cause of Death-A Fatal Domestic Ram Attack.
Abstract Domestic animal attacks are not common; their fatal attacks are even rarer. Herein, a case of a 78-year-old woman attacked by a ram is presented. She sustained multiple head and chest injuries. The autopsy findings and the inspection of the scene revealed that the fatal aortic injury had been caused by direct force from the front, which subsequently caused a powerful anteroposterior chest compression, resulting in an incomplete tear by flexion and compression of the aortic arch. The aortic dissection propagated in both an ante- and retrograde direction, with intact adventitia. However, due to a rise in pre...
Source: Journal of Forensic Sciences - May 17, 2013 Category: Forensic Medicine Authors: Zivković V, Nikolić S Tags: J Forensic Sci Source Type: research

Routine postoperative chest X-ray is unnecessary following the Nuss procedure for pectus excavatum
CONCLUSIONS Only patients with respiratory symptoms after the Nuss procedure need a chest X-ray. A routine chest X-ray can be limited to the time of discharge where the position of the bar(s) is also checked. (Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery)
Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery - May 14, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Knudsen, M. R., Nyboe, C., Hjortdal, V. E., Pilegaard, H. K. Tags: Thoracic Source Type: research

Two-stage unilateral versus one-stage bilateral single-port sympathectomy for palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis
CONCLUSIONS Both two-stage unilateral and one-stage bilateral single-port video-assisted thoracoscopic sympathectomies are effective, safe and minimally invasive procedures. Two-stage unilateral sympathectomy can be performed with a lower occurrence of compensatory sweating, improving permanently the quality of life in patients with palmar and axillary hyperhidrosis. (Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery)
Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery - May 14, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Ibrahim, M., Menna, C., Andreetti, C., Ciccone, A. M., D'Andrilli, A., Maurizi, G., Poggi, C., Vanni, C., Venuta, F., Rendina, E. A. Tags: Thoracic Source Type: research

Complications associated with endobronchial ultrasound-guided transbronchial needle aspiration: a nationwide survey by the Japan Society for Respiratory Endoscopy
Conclusions: Although the complication rate associated with EBUS-TBNA was found to be low, severe complications, including infectious complications, were observed, and the incidence of device breakage was high. Since the use of EBUS-TBNA is rapidly expanding in Japan, an educational program for its safe performance should be immediately established. (Source: Respiratory Research)
Source: Respiratory Research - May 10, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Fumihiro AsanoMotoi AoeYoshinobu OhsakiYoshinori OkadaShinji SasadaShigeki SatoEiichi SuzukiHiroshi SembaKazuya FukuokaShozo FujinoKazumitsu Ohmori Source Type: research

A review of 5434 percutaneous pediatric central venous catheters inserted by anesthesiologists
ConclusionThis study demonstrates a high success rate and low complication rate during pediatric percutaneous internal jugular vein CVC insertions by trained anesthesiologists using LTs. Smaller children, hemodialysis CVCs, and the team's learning curve were identified as risk factors for insertion failure. (Source: Pediatric Anesthesia)
Source: Pediatric Anesthesia - May 9, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Serge Malbezin, Tobias Gauss, Ian Smith, Beatrice Bruneau, Nyamjargal Mangalsuren, Thierno Diallo, Alia Skhiri, Yves Nivoche, Souhayl Dahmani, Christopher Brasher Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Sonographic diagnosis of bilateral pneumothorax following an acupuncture session
We present the case of a 57‐year‐old woman who presented with the acute onset of chest pain and dyspnea, which started while undergoing acupuncture for neck pain. A bedside ultrasound revealed bilateral pneumothoraces, which were confirmed radiographically. We discuss the details of the case, the sonographic features of pneumothorax, and the role of bedside ultrasonography in the assessment of an acutely dyspneic patient. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Clin Ultrasound, 2013; (Source: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound)
Source: Journal of Clinical Ultrasound - May 9, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Allison Harriott, Ninfa Mehta, Michael Secko, Marie‐Laure S. Romney Tags: Case Report Source Type: research

A review of 5434 percutaneous pediatric central venous catheters inserted by anesthesiologists.
CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates a high success rate and low complication rate during pediatric percutaneous internal jugular vein CVC insertions by trained anesthesiologists using LTs. Smaller children, hemodialysis CVCs, and the team's learning curve were identified as risk factors for insertion failure. PMID: 23659462 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Paediatric Anaesthesia)
Source: Paediatric Anaesthesia - May 9, 2013 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Malbezin S, Gauss T, Smith I, Bruneau B, Mangalsuren N, Diallo T, Skhiri A, Nivoche Y, Dahmani S, Brasher C Tags: Paediatr Anaesth Source Type: research

Needle Aspiration of Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax
New England Journal of Medicine, Volume 368, Issue 19, May 2013. (Source: New England Journal of Medicine)
Source: New England Journal of Medicine - May 8, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Tags: article Source Type: research

High‐powered percutaneous microwave ablation of stage I medically inoperable non‐small cell lung cancer: A preliminary study
ConclusionPercutaneous MWA in early stage non‐small cell lung cancer is well tolerated and has promising midterm outcomes. (Source: Australasian Radiology)
Source: Australasian Radiology - May 8, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Howard Liu, Karin Steinke Tags: Radiology—Original Article Source Type: research

Impact and Predictors of Prolonged Chest Tube Placement in Mechanically Ventilated Patients with Acquired Pneumothorax.
Conclusions:A high peak inspiratory pressure and surgical emphysema are two independent predictors of prolonged chest tube placement that negatively impact on the clinical outcomes of this patient group. These findings may provide information for better management of chest tube. PMID: 23651575 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Respiratory Care)
Source: Respiratory Care - May 7, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Kao JH, Kao HK, Chen YW, Yu WK, Pan SW, Wang JH, Lien TC, Ho LI, Kou YR Tags: Respir Care Source Type: research

Pneumothorax Volume Expansion in Helicopter Emergency Medical Services Transport
Conclusion: This study demonstrated predictable pneumothorax volume changes at typical HEMS altitudes. Increased understanding of altitude-related volume changes will aid decision making before transport. (Source: Air Medical Journal)
Source: Air Medical Journal - May 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Derek Knotts, Annette O. Arthur, Peyton Holder, Tim Herrington, Stephen H. Thomas Tags: Peer Reviewed Source Type: research

Complications related to the Nuss procedure: Minimizing risk with operative technique
Conclusion: The use of a lateral stabilizer and pericostal sutures decreased complication and reoperation rates for the Nuss procedure. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery - May 1, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Sara C. Fallon, Bethany J. Slater, Jed G. Nuchtern, Darrell L. Cass, Eugene S. Kim, Monica E. Lopez, Mark V. Mazziotti Tags: CAPS Papers Source Type: research

A simple technique for pectus bar removal using a modified nuss procedure
Conclusions: The Nuss bar can be safely and easily removed in 2years or longer after the Nuss procedure. Our study suggests that, after removing the metallic stabilizer, the bar should be turned with the flipper to loosen it from the surrounding fibrous capsule and then pulled out along the original surgical incision without bending or turning. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery - May 1, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Wenliang Liu, Demiao Kong, Fenglei Yu, Bangliang Yin Tags: Operative Techniques Source Type: research

Povidone-iodine for persistent air leak in an extremely low birth weight infant
We report successful use of povidone-iodine in an extremely premature infant to treat a pneumothorax that had persisted for more than one week despite high-frequency ventilation. (Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery)
Source: Journal of Pediatric Surgery - May 1, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Sema Arayici, Gulsum Kadioglu Simsek, Mehmet Yekta Oncel, Yavuz Yilmaz, Fuat Emre Canpolat, Ugur Dilmen Tags: Journal of Pediatric Surgery Electronic Pages (Available only online at www.jpedsurg.org) Source Type: research

Factor v leiden thrombophilia in a female collegiate soccer athlete: a case report.
Conclusions: Athletes should be encouraged to communicate with their athletic trainers regarding any changes in health status or medication usage. When an athlete presents with nonspecific symptoms such as dyspnea and chest pain, athletic trainers should consider the possibility of pulmonary embolism. A high degree of suspicion results in early diagnosis and treatment and may prevent a fatal event. PMID: 23675803 [PubMed - in process] (Source: J Athl Train)
Source: J Athl Train - May 1, 2013 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Erickson K, Powers ME Tags: J Athl Train Source Type: research

CT-guided Percutaneous Microwave Ablation of Liver Metastases from Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma
Conclusions: CT-guided MWA is safe and offers an effective treatment alternative for local tumor control in selected patients with liver metastases from NPC. (Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR)
Source: Journal of Vascular and Interventional Radiology : JVIR - April 27, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Xin Li, Wei-jun Fan, Liang Zhang, Xiao-ping Zhang, Hua Jiang, Jian-lei Zhang, Hao Zhang Source Type: research

Early pneumothorax as a feature of response to crizotinib therapy in a patient with ALK rearranged lung adenocarcinoma
Conclusion: Our case demonstrates this potential complication of crizotinib therapy and we therefore recommend that pneumothorax be considered in patients on crizotinib presenting with high lung metastatic burden and with worsening dyspnoea. (Source: BMC Cancer)
Source: BMC Cancer - April 26, 2013 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Spyridon GennatasSusana StanwayRobert ThomasToon MinRiyaz ShahMary O¿BrienSanjay Popat Source Type: research

The Cinnamon Challenge
3.5 out of 5 stars Ingesting and Aspirating Dry Cinnamon by Children and Adolescents: The “Cinnamon Challenge” Grant-Alfieri A et al. Pediatrics 2013 Apr 22 [Epub ahead of print] Full text There are thousands of videos on YouTube of individuals attempting the “Cinnamon Challenge“, which involves ingesting one tablespoon of ground cinnamon without the aid of water or fluids to wash it down. Cinnamon — a spice derived from the bark of certain trees — contains cellulose, fibers that once inhaled persist in the respiratory tree and are not biodegraded. Cinnamon is a caustic irritant that can cause ...
Source: The Poison Review - April 22, 2013 Category: Toxicology Authors: Leon Tags: Medical cinnamon challenge particulate inhalation pediatrics respiratory effects Source Type: news

Unresectable Lung Malignancy: Combination Therapy with Segmental Pulmonary Arterial Chemoembolization with Drug-eluting Microspheres and Radiofrequency Ablation in 17 Patients [Vascular and Interventional Radiology]
Conclusion: Combination therapy with RF ablation after SPACE to treat unresectable lung tumors is technically feasible, safe, and effective and may represent an advantage over RF ablation alone. © RSNA, 2012 (Source: Radiology)
Source: Radiology - April 22, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Gadaleta, C. D., Solbiati, L., Mattioli, V., Rubini, G., Fazio, V., Goffredo, V., Vinciarelli, G., Gadaleta-Caldarola, G., Canniello, E., Armenise, F., D'Aluisio, L., Gaudiano, A., Ranieri, G., Goldberg, S. N. Tags: Interventional Radiology Vascular and Interventional Radiology Source Type: research

What Causes Spontaneous Pneumothorax?
Discussion “A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space, and it can be categorized into spontaneous, traumatic or iatrogenic. Spontaneous pneumothorax can be further classified into primary with no clinical evidence of underlying lung disease or secondary due to pre-existing lung disease.” Spontaneous pneumothorax is a condition that is relatively rare in pediatrics. There is a bimodal age distribution – neonates and late adolescence. It is caused by tearing of the visceral pleural. Clinical signs include chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, tracheal deviation towards contralateral side, hypot...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - April 21, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Donna M. D'Alessandro, M.D. Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Endobronchial adenoid cystic carcinoma complicated with pneumothorax
(Source: QJM)
Source: QJM - April 21, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Hsu, K.- Y., Chang, J.- M., Kuo, C.- H. Tags: Clinical pictures Source Type: research

Post-bronchoalveolar lavage pneumothorax
(Source: QJM)
Source: QJM - April 21, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Jeyabalan, A., Medford, A. R. L. Tags: Clinical pictures Source Type: research

Size of Pneumothorax can be a New Indication for Surgical Treatment in Primary Spontaneous Pneumothorax: A Prospective Study.
Conclusion: The size of pneumothorax is larger in those with a smoking history and a higher smoking index. Surgical therapy can be considered in cases with a pneumothorax size ≥50% after the first episode immediately. PMID: 23603638 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery)
Source: Annals of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery - April 20, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Sayar A, Kök A, Citak N, Metin M, Büyükkale S, Gürses A Tags: Ann Thorac Cardiovasc Surg Source Type: research

In patients undergoing video-assisted thoracic surgery for pleurodesis in primary spontaneous pneumothorax, how long should chest drains remain in place prior to safe removal and subsequent discharge from hospital?
We report that the main determining factor for the length of hospital stay following VATS pleurodesis is chest-drain duration. Providing no postoperative complications occur, and chest X-ray appearances of lung inflation are satisfactory, there is no documented contraindication to removing chest drains as early as 2 days postoperatively, with discharge the following day. Furthermore, leaving chest drains on water seal after a brief period of suction has been shown to benefit in reducing postoperative chest-drain duration and subsequent hospital stay. There is a paucity of literature directly addressing early vs late chest-...
Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery - April 19, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Dearden, A. S., Sammon, P. M., Matthew, E. F. Tags: Thoracic Source Type: research

Haemothorax following bullectomy caused by a sharp edge of the Endoloop
A 22-year old man presented with a massive haemothorax 25 days after bullectomy for a spontaneous pneumothorax. Thoracoscopic surgery revealed ongoing bleeding from the chest wall caused by a sharp edge of the Endoloop Ligature (Ethicon Endo-Surgery) used to resect the remaining small part of the lung at the earlier staple bullectomy. The point where bleeding was occurring was clipped and covered using a collagen patch coated with human fibrinogen and thrombin. The protruding sharp edge of the Endoloop was excised together with the surrounding lung tissue, using a stapler. Although prevention of this type of complication i...
Source: Interactive CardioVascular and Thoracic Surgery - April 19, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Otsuka, H., Hata, Y., Takagi, K., Sato, F. Tags: Thoracic Source Type: research

Lung injury and pneumothorax after defibrillation as demonstrated with computed tomography
Many patients present for emergency services after electric injuries or require defibrillation during emergency services. Although the defibrillation process is safe, skin burns and myocardial injuries are reported after defibrillation procedures. There are limited data about the complications of defibrillation. In the case reported here, a lung injury and a small pneumothorax were observed after defibrillation. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first reported case in which computed tomography is used to demonstrate that a trace of electric current passed through the lung. Computed tomography may be an excellent di...
Source: The American Journal of Emergency Medicine - April 19, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Terman Gümüş, Düzgün Yıldırım, Gökhan Uçar, Tags: Case Reports Source Type: research

Video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery for recurrent pneumothorax in pulmonary lymphangioleimyomatosis with tuberous sclerosis complex: report of a case
We present a case of right recurrent pneumothorax due to LAM with TSC in whom VATS was performed for pathological diagnosis and mechanical pleurodesis. The unique presentation of LAM in TSC was also discussed. (Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery)
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery - April 18, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Chia-Fen TsaiChen-Hao HsiaoJang-Ming LeeKe-Cheng ChenMing-Jium ShiehHong-Shiee LaiJin-Shing Chen Source Type: research

Management of Chest Trauma in Children
Summary: Chest trauma in children is caused by high-energy blows, due in general to traffic accidents, that involve several other body regions. They occur mainly in the first decade of life and can be penetrating but are more often non-penetrating. Rib fractures and lung contusions, sometimes associated with pneumothorax or haemothorax, are the more usual injuries, but tracheobronchial rupture, cardiac, oesophageal or diaphragmatic injuries may also occur. These injuries are treated with supportive respiratory and haemodynamic measures, drainage of air or blood from the pleural space and, at times, surgical repair of the i...
Source: Paediatric Respiratory Reviews - April 17, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Authors: Juan A. Tovar, Juan J. Vazquez Tags: Main Editorial Source Type: research

Bilateral bullectomy through uniportal video-assisted thoracoscopic surgery combined with contralateral access to the anterior mediastinum
CONCLUSIONS: Bilateral bullectomy through uniportal VATS combined with contralateral access to the anterior mediastinum is technically reliable and provides favorable surgical outcomes for patients with bilateral SP who develop bilateral apical bullae. However, among other requirements, this surgical procedure demands that surgeons be experienced in VATS and that the appropriate thoracoscopic instruments are available. (Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia)
Source: Jornal Brasileiro de Pneumologia - April 14, 2013 Category: Respiratory Medicine Source Type: research

Can handheld micropower impulse radar technology be used to detect pneumothorax? Initial experience in a European trauma centre
This study was performed at a Level I trauma centre in Switzerland. All patients with thoracic trauma and undergoing chest X-ray and CT-scan were eligible for the study. Readings were performed before the chest X-ray and CT scan. The patients had eight lung fields tested (four on each side). All readings with the Pneumoscan were performed by two junior residents in our department who had previously received an instructional tutorial of 15min. The qualitative MIR results were blinded, and stored on the device. We then compared the results of the MIR to those of the clinical examination, chest X-ray and CT-scan.Results: 50 p...
Source: Injury - April 14, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: C.E. Albers, P.C. Haefeli, H. Zimmermann, M. de Moya, A.K. Exadaktylos Tags: Articles Source Type: research

[Comment] Primary spontaneous pneumothorax: to pleurodese or not?
Pneumothorax refers to air in the pleural cavity and can be spontaneous or traumatic. Traumatic pneumothorax occurs because of direct or indirect trauma to the chest (including iatrogenic causes). Spontaneous pneumothorax occurs without preceding trauma or obvious precipitating cause, and is subdivided into primary and secondary. Secondary spontaneous pneumothorax occurs as a complication of an underlying pulmonary disorder, most often chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, whereas primary spontaneous pneumothorax affects people who do not have clinically apparent lung disease. (Source: LANCET)
Source: LANCET - April 13, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Pyng Lee Tags: Comment Source Type: research

[Articles] Simple aspiration and drainage and intrapleural minocycline pleurodesis versus simple aspiration and drainage for the initial treatment of primary spontaneous pneumothorax: an open-label, parallel-group, prospective, randomised, controlled trial
Simple aspiration and drainage followed by minocycline pleurodesis is a safe and more effective treatment for primary spontaneous pneumothorax than is simple aspiration and drainage only. Minocycline pleurodesis should be an adjunct to standard treatment for primary spontaneous pneumothorax. (Source: LANCET)
Source: LANCET - April 13, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Jin-Shing Chen, Wing-Kai Chan, Kung-Tsao Tsai, Hsao-Hsun Hsu, Chien-Yu Lin, Ang Yuan, Wen-Jone Chen, Hong-Shiee Lai, Pan-Chyr Yang Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Feasibility of Transumbilical Surgical Lung Biopsy and Pericardial Window Creation.
Conclusions. The study demonstrated that transumbilical thoracoscopic surgical lung biopsy and pericardial window creation is feasible. The safety and efficacy of the transumbilical approach need to be verified by a more detailed survival study. PMID: 23575916 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Surgical Innovation)
Source: Surgical Innovation - April 10, 2013 Category: Surgery Authors: Wu YC, Yen-Chu, Yeh CJ, Hsieh MJ, Chen TP, Chao YK, Wu CY, Yuan HC, Ko PJ, Liu YH, Liu HP Tags: Surg Innov Source Type: research

Continuous Positive Airway Pressure Failure in Preterm Infants: Incidence, Predictors and Consequences.
Conclusion: CPAP failure in preterm infants usually occurs because of unremitting respiratory distress syndrome, is predicted by an FiO2 ≥0.3 in the first hours of life, and is associated with adverse outcomes. PMID: 23595061 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: Neonatology)
Source: Neonatology - April 4, 2013 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Dargaville PA, Aiyappan A, De Paoli AG, Dalton RG, Kuschel CA, Kamlin CO, Orsini F, Carlin JB, Davis PG Tags: Neonatology Source Type: research

A 25‐year experience of endomyocardial biopsy safety in infants
Conclusion:Endomyocardial biopsies can be performed safely in infants, although children under 6 months of age and less than 8 kg represent a high risk group and deserve special consideration due to the incidence of complications in this cohort. © 2013 Wiley‐Liss, Inc. (Source: Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions)
Source: Catheterization and Cardiovascular Interventions - April 1, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Derek Zhorne, Christopher J. Petit, Frank F. Ing, Henri Justino, John L. Jefferies, William J. Dreyer, Debra Kearney, Matthew A. Crystal Tags: Original Study Source Type: research

Direct EIT Reconstructions of Complex Admittivities on a Chest-Shaped Domain in 2-D
Electrical impedance tomography (EIT) is a medical imaging technique in which current is applied on electrodes on the surface of the body, the resulting voltage is measured, and an inverse problem is solved to recover the conductivity and/or permittivity in the interior. Images are then formed from the reconstructed conductivity and permittivity distributions. In the 2-D geometry, EIT is clinically useful for chest imaging. In this work, an implementation of a D-bar method for complex admittivities on a general 2-D domain is presented. In particular, reconstructions are computed on a chest-shaped domain for several realist...
Source: IEE Transactions on Medical Imaging - April 1, 2013 Category: Biomedical Engineering Source Type: research