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This page shows you the latest news and research items in this category.

Trampoline related injuries in children: risk factors and radiographic findings - Klimek PM, Juen D, Stranzinger E, Wolf R, Slongo T.
BACKGROUND: Backyard trampolines are immensely popular among children, but are associated with an increase of trampoline-related injuries. The aim of this study was to evaluate radiographs of children with trampoline related injuries and to determine the r... (Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated))
Source: SafetyLit: All (Unduplicated) - May 20, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Age: Adolescents Source Type: news

Tissue engineering rib with the incorporation of biodegradable polymer cage and BMSCs/decalcified bone:an experimental study in a canine model
ConclusionsThis study demonstrates that biodegradable PDO cage in combination with two short BMSCs/DBM cuboids can repair large rib defects. The satisfactory repair rate suggests that this might be a feasible approach for large bone repair. (Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery)
Source: Journal of Cardiothoracic Surgery - May 20, 2013 Category: Cardiovascular & Thoracic Surgery Authors: Hua TangBin WuXiong QinLu ZhangJim KretlowZhifei Xu Source Type: research

What Causes Spontaneous Pneumothorax?
Discussion “A pneumothorax is a collection of air in the pleural space, and it can be categorized into spontaneous, traumatic or iatrogenic. Spontaneous pneumothorax can be further classified into primary with no clinical evidence of underlying lung disease or secondary due to pre-existing lung disease.” Spontaneous pneumothorax is a condition that is relatively rare in pediatrics. There is a bimodal age distribution – neonates and late adolescence. It is caused by tearing of the visceral pleural. Clinical signs include chest pain, dyspnea, tachycardia, tracheal deviation towards contralateral side, hypot...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - May 19, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Donna M. D'Alessandro, M.D. Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Emphasis On X-Ray Quality Spurs Adoption Of Computed And Digital Radiography In Europe, Finds Frost & Sullivan
The increasing popularity of retrofit systems fuels market growth The need to improve the efficiency and quality of X-ray examinations will drive healthcare facilities across Europe to install computed radiography (CR) and digital radiography (DR) systems. The emergence of retrofit systems based on flat panel technology has popularised DR systems, and will sustain investments in the European computed and digital radiography market... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 16, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Radiology / Nuclear Medicine Source Type: news

Breast Cancer Detection Rates May Vary
(Ivanhoe Newswire) – The Prevention and Cancer Control at Cancer Care Ontario in Toronto, Canada has found that digital direct radiography (DR) is significantly more effective than computed radiography (CR) at detecting breast cancer. (Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com)
Source: Medical Headlines From Ivanhoe.com - May 16, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Refraction-enhanced backlit imaging of axially symmetric inertial confinement fusion plasmas
X-ray backlit radiographs of dense plasma shells can be significantly altered by refraction of x rays that would otherwise travel straight-ray paths, and this effect can be a powerful tool for diagnosing the spatial structure of the plasma being radiographed. We explore the conditions under which ... (Source: Applied Optics)
Source: Applied Optics - May 16, 2013 Category: Physics Authors: Jeffrey A. KochOtto L. LandenLaurence J. SuterLaurent P. MasseDaniel S. ClarkJames S. RossAndrew J. MackinnonNathan B. MeezanCliff A. ThomasYuan Ping Source Type: research

Nature: X-ray tomography on a living frog embryo
(Helmholtz Association of German Research Centres) X-ray radiographs provide information about internal structures of organisms such as bones. Alternatively, X-rays can image soft tissues throughout early development of vertebrates. A new X-ray method was presented recently in a Nature article published by a German-American-Russian research team. Time-lapse sequences of cellular resolution were obtained of three dimensional reconstructions showing developing embryos of the clawed frog. Instead of absorption of X-rays, the method is based on their diffraction. (Source: EurekAlert! - Biology)
Source: EurekAlert! - Biology - May 16, 2013 Category: Biology Source Type: news

Valgus intertrochanteric osteotomy and fibular strut graft in the management of neglected femoral neck fracture
Conclusion: Our mechanobiological surgical technique is reproducible with radiographic union achieved in 95.12% cases (39 patients) at the nonunion site and consistent excellent or good functional outcome in 85% of patients over a 32-month average follow-up. We recommend this procedure for neglected femoral neck fractures. (Source: Injury)
Source: Injury - May 15, 2013 Category: Orthopaedics Authors: Wasudeo M. Gadegone, Alankar Ambadas Ramteke, Vijayanand Lokhande, Yogesh Salphade Tags: Clinical Papers – Proximal femoral fractures Source Type: research

Significant Variations In Digital Mammography Cancer Detection Rates
Digital direct radiography (DR) is significantly more effective than computed radiography (CR) at detecting breast cancer, according to a new study published online in the journal Radiology. The findings are the first to show a difference between the two types of digital imaging when compared with screen film mammography and suggest that women should be informed of the potential for lower cancer detection with CR, the researchers said... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Breast Cancer Source Type: news

The course of radiographic loosening, pain and functional outcome around the first revision of a total hip arthroplasty
Background: The published data on pain and physical function before and after revision of total hip arthroplasty (THA) is scarce. The study reports the course and interrelationships of radiographic loosening, pain and physical function 5 year before and after a first revision THA. Methods: The study was based on the IDES-THA database. All patients with their first THA revision for aseptic loosening and a documented index surgery on the same side and at least one pre-revision and one post-revision follow-up were selected. Only patients with an intact contralateral hip joint (Charnley class-A) were included. Follow-ups withi...
Source: BioMed Central - May 15, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Emin AghayevRegula TeuscherMichal NeukampEu Jin LeeMarkus MellohStefan EggliChristoph Röder Source Type: research

CT Perfusion Spot Sign Improves Sensitivity for Prediction of Outcome Compared with CTA and Postcontrast CT [BRAIN]
CONCLUSIONS: CTP spot sign detection improves the sensitivity for prediction of outcome compared with CTA or postcontrast CT–detected spots. (Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology)
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Koculym, A., Huynh, T. J., Jakubovic, R., Zhang, L., Aviv, R. I. Tags: BRAIN Source Type: research

Imaging Characteristics of Cerebrovascular Arteriopathy and Stroke in Hutchinson-Gilford Progeria Syndrome [PEDIATRICS]
CONCLUSIONS: We report a unique intracranial and superior cervical arteriopathy in HGPS distinct from other vasculopathies of childhood, such as Moyamoya, and cerebrovascular disease of aging, including atherosclerosis. Arterial features of the mid and lower neck are less distinctive. For the first time, we identified early and clinically silent strokes as a prevalent disease characteristic in HGPS. Longitudinal analysis of stroke incidence and vasculopathy may provide an outcome measure for future treatment interventions for children with HGPS. (Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology)
Source: American Journal of Neuroradiology - May 15, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Silvera, V. M., Gordon, L. B., Orbach, D. B., Campbell, S. E., Machan, J. T., Ullrich, N. J. Tags: PEDIATRICS Source Type: research

Lung cancer screening with low-dose CT: benefits and potential risks
Commentary on: Bach PB, Mirkin JN, Oliver TK, et al.. Benefits and harms of CT screening for lung cancer: a systematic review. JAMA 2012;307:2418–29. Context Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer death worldwide.1 The majority of patients present with advanced disease and the current 5-year survival is only 15%.2 Previous research showed no mortality benefit to screening with chest radiography and sputum cytology. The recent results of the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) are the first to show a significant reduction in lung cancer mortality with the use of low-dose CT (LDCT) in high risk individuals. The po...
Source: Evidence-Based Medicine - May 15, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Tanner, N. T., Silvestri, G. A. Tags: Smoking and tobacco, Clinical trials (epidemiology), Epidemiologic studies, Stroke, Screening (oncology), Radiology, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Screening (epidemiology), Guidelines, Health education, Screening (public health), Smo Source Type: research

Abstract 259: The Role of Gender in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Response in Patients with Optimal Anatomical and Electrical Left Ventricular Lead Location. [Poster Session III]
Conclusion: In CRT patients with optimal lead location, females have superior outcomes with respect to reverse remodeling but gender differences donot appear to predict clinical outcomes. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bose, A., Kandala, J., Singh, J. P. Tags: Poster Session III Source Type: research

Abstract 272: The Role of Diabetes Mellitus in Cardiac Resynchronization Therapy Response in Patients with Optimal Anatomical and Electrical Left Ventricular Lead Location. [Poster Session III]
Conclusion: In CRT patients with optimal lead location and Diabetes, there is a trend towards worse outcomes. This could be the setting of Diabetes related cardiomyopathy and the higher incidence of ischemic heart disease in diabetics. (Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes)
Source: Circulation: Cardiovascular Quality and Outcomes - May 15, 2013 Category: Cardiology Authors: Bose, A., Kandala, J., Singh, J. P. Tags: Poster Session III Source Type: research

Evaluation of bone alterations in the jaws of HIV-infected menopausal women
The advent of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has caused a reduction in mortality, thus contributing to an increase in the number of women with HIVࢧAIDS who reach the climacteric period, experience decline in ovarian function, and develop complications of viral infection and HAART, which can accelerate bone loss. The aim of this study was to detect possible alterations in the jaws of HIV-infected women by panoramic radiography. The study comprised a total of 120 women above 40 years of age who were divided into the following two groups: women who are HIV positive (Group I) and women with no known HIV infecti...
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - May 14, 2013 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research

Radiodensitometric and DXA analyses for the measurement of bone mineral density after systemic alendronate therapy
In conclusion, both of the methods were able to detect an increase in BMD of the proximal tibial metaphysis after alendronate therapy. (Source: Brazilian Oral Research)
Source: Brazilian Oral Research - May 14, 2013 Category: Dentistry Source Type: research

Digital Mammography: Direct Outperforms Computed Radiography Digital Mammography: Direct Outperforms Computed Radiography
For breast cancer detection, digital direct radiography (DR) is more effective than computed radiography, but DR is equivalent to screen-film mammography for screening in women aged 50 to 74 years. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - May 14, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Radiology News Source Type: news

Digital mammography cancer detection rates may vary significantly
(Radiological Society of North America) Digital direct radiography is significantly more effective than computed radiography at detecting breast cancer, according to a new study. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - May 14, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Digital Compared with Screen-Film Mammography: Performance Measures in Concurrent Cohorts within an Organized Breast Screening Program [Breast Imaging]
Cancer detection with digital mammography that involves direct radiography technology was similar to that with screen film mammography in women aged 50–74 years; however, for computed radiography the risk of cancer detection is significantly lower—by 21%—among all screening techniques. (Source: Continuous Publishing articles)
Source: Continuous Publishing articles - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Chiarelli, A. M., Edwards, S. A., Prummel, M. V., Muradali, D., Majpruz, V., Done, S. J., Brown, P., Shumak, R. S., Yaffe, M. J. Tags: Breast (Imaging and Interventional), Cardiac Radiology Breast Imaging Source Type: research

Abdominal and Pelvic Aneurysms and Pseudoaneurysms: Imaging Review with Clinical, Radiologic, and Treatment Correlation [Gastrointestinal Imaging]
Abnormally enlarged visceral arteries in the abdomen and pelvis must be recognized radiologically because early treatment can improve the quality of life and prevent life-threatening complications. These lesions, typically classified as aneurysms and pseudoaneurysms, are being detected more frequently with increased utilization of imaging and have various causes (eg, atherosclerosis, trauma, infection) and complications that may be identified radiologically. Ultrasonography, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging often enable detection of visceral vascular lesions, but angiography is important for further diag...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Jesinger, R. A., Thoreson, A. A., Lamba, R. Tags: Interventional Radiology, Vascular Imaging, Gastrointestinal Radiology, Genitourinary Radiology Gastrointestinal Imaging Source Type: research

Demystifying Radial Imaging of the Hip [Musculoskeletal Imaging]
The hip joint poses unique challenges at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging because of its shape and anatomic position. When conventional imaging planes are used, partial-volume averaging effects may substantially hamper the depiction of cartilage and labral damage at MR imaging. Such effects are most prevalent when the imaging plane is not perpendicular to the curvature of the joint and result in images that poorly depict or fail to depict cartilage and labral conditions. Partial-volume averaging, along with the inherently thin and closely apposed articular cartilage, may be partly to blame for the seemingly disparate report...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Petchprapa, C. N., Dunham, K. S., Lattanzi, R., Recht, M. P. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Musculoskeletal Radiology Musculoskeletal Imaging Source Type: research

Application of Basic Principles of Physics to Head and Neck MR Angiography: Troubleshooting for Artifacts [Neurologic/Head and Neck Imaging]
Neurovascular imaging studies are routinely used for the assessment of headaches and changes in mental status, stroke workup, and evaluation of the arteriovenous structures of the head and neck. These imaging studies are being performed with greater frequency as the aging population continues to increase. Magnetic resonance (MR) angiographic imaging techniques are helpful in this setting. However, mastering these techniques requires an in-depth understanding of the basic principles of physics, complex flow patterns, and the correlation of MR angiographic findings with conventional MR imaging findings. More than one imaging...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Pandey, S., Hakky, M., Kwak, E., Jara, H., Geyer, C. A., Erbay, S. H. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Neuroradiology, Physics and Basic Science, Head and Neck Neurologic/Head and Neck Imaging Source Type: research

Imaging of Vascular Complications and Their Consequences Following Transplantation in the Abdomen [Multisystem Radiology]
This article includes a basic description of the standard surgical techniques performed in the abdomen, with emphasis on the relevant vascular anastomotic reconstructions used. Posttransplantation complications can be broadly classified as vascular or nonvascular in origin. Many of these complications can be accurately depicted and characterized at imaging and dealt with definitively by using interventional radiology techniques, which can be graft- and life-saving and can obviate further complex surgical intervention. The article discusses imaging appearances of vascular complications and their consequences after transplan...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Low, G., Crockett, A. M., Leung, K., Walji, A. H., Patel, V. H., Shapiro, A. M. J., Lomas, D. J., Coulden, R. A. Tags: Vascular Imaging, Gastrointestinal Radiology, General, Genitourinary Radiology Multisystem Radiology Source Type: research

Diffusion-weighted MR Imaging of the Gastrointestinal Tract: Technique, Indications, and Imaging Findings [Gastrointestinal Imaging]
Diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance (MR) imaging has emerged as an important tool in the diagnostic work-up of patients with bowel cancer and inflammatory conditions of the gastrointestinal tract. It functions on the basis of the microscopic motion of water molecules in a cellular environment and provides functional information about the water in body tissues. Diffusion-weighted imaging serves to complement conventional MR imaging, and its use may improve the accuracy of tumor detection and staging. It does not rely on the use of intravenous contrast material and may be performed in patients with renal impairment. Becaus...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Sinha, R., Rajiah, P., Ramachandran, I., Sanders, S., Murphy, P. D. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Gastrointestinal Radiology Gastrointestinal Imaging Source Type: research

Invited Commentary [Gastrointestinal Imaging]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Qayyum, A. Tags: Gastrointestinal Imaging Source Type: research

Authors' Response [Gastrointestinal Imaging]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Sinha, R., Ramachandran, I., Sanders, S., Murphy, P. D., Rajiah, P. Tags: Gastrointestinal Imaging Source Type: research

Current MR Imaging Lipid Detection Techniques for Diagnosis of Lesions in the Abdomen and Pelvis [Gastrointestinal Imaging]
This article reviews MR imaging fat detection techniques and discusses lesions in the abdomen and pelvis that can be readily diagnosed by using these techniques. Traditional fat detection methods include inversion-recovery and chemically selective fat-suppression pulse sequences, with the former being less sensitive to field heterogeneity and less tissue specific than the latter. Chemical shift–based sequences, which exploit the inherent resonance frequency difference between lipid and water to depict intracytoplasmic fat, have great utility for evaluating hepatic steatosis and lesions such as adrenal and hepatic ade...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Pokharel, S. S., Macura, K. J., Kamel, I. R., Zaheer, A. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Gastrointestinal Radiology Gastrointestinal Imaging Source Type: research

Abdominal MR Imaging in Children: Motion Compensation, Sequence Optimization, and Protocol Organization [Pediatric Imaging]
Familiarity with basic sequence properties and their trade-offs is necessary for radiologists performing abdominal magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. Acquiring diagnostic-quality MR images in the pediatric abdomen is challenging due to motion, inability to breath hold, varying patient size, and artifacts. Motion-compensation techniques (eg, respiratory gating, signal averaging, suppression of signal from moving tissue, swapping phase- and frequency-encoding directions, use of faster sequences with breath holding, parallel imaging, and radial k-space filling) can improve image quality. Each of these techniques is more suitabl...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Chavhan, G. B., Babyn, P. S., Vasanawala, S. S. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Pediatric Radiology, Quality Assurance/Quality Improvement, Gastrointestinal Radiology Pediatric Imaging Source Type: research

Errata [Errata]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Tags: Errata Source Type: research

Imaging of Penile and Scrotal Emergencies [Genitourinary Imaging]
Penile and scrotal emergencies are uncommon, but when they do occur, urgent or emergent diagnosis and treatment are necessary. Emergent conditions of the male genitalia are primarily infectious, traumatic, or vascular. Infectious conditions, such as epididymitis and epididymo-orchitis, are well evaluated at ultrasonography (US), and their key findings include heterogeneity and hyperemia. Pyocele and abscess may also be seen at US. Fournier gangrene is best evaluated at computed tomography, which depicts subcutaneous gas. Vascular conditions, such as testicular torsion, infarction, penile Mondor disease, and priapism, are w...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Avery, L. L., Scheinfeld, M. H. Tags: Ultrasound, Emergency Radiology, Genitourinary Radiology Genitourinary Imaging Source Type: research

MR Imaging of Prostate Cancer in Radiation Oncology: What Radiologists Need to Know [Radiation Oncology]
Radiation therapy (RT) is one of the principal treatment modalities for localized or locally advanced prostate cancer. The two major forms of RT for prostate cancer are external-beam RT (EBRT) with a photon or proton beam and brachytherapy. With modern conformal techniques for EBRT (three-dimensional conformal RT, intensity-modulated RT, and image-guided RT) and advanced computer-based planning systems for brachytherapy, the dose can be more precisely delivered to the prostate while reducing unnecessary radiation to normal tissue. The dominant intraprostatic tumor can be targeted with a higher dose, so-called dose painting...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Boonsirikamchai, P., Choi, S., Frank, S. J., Ma, J., Elsayes, K. M., Kaur, H., Choi, H. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Radiation Oncology, Oncologic Imaging, Genitourinary Radiology Source Type: research

Unraveled [Illuminations]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Fung, K.-h. Tags: Illuminations Source Type: research

Male Breast Disease: Pictorial Review with Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation [Breast Imaging]
The male breast is susceptible to many of the same pathologic processes as the female breast. Many of these conditions have mammographic, ultrasonographic (US), and magnetic resonance imaging findings that allow differentiation between clearly benign conditions and those that require biopsy. Gynecomastia is the most common abnormality of the male breast and has characteristic imaging features that usually allow differentiation from malignancy. Mammography is the initial imaging modality for a clinically suspicious mass. A palpable mass that is occult or incompletely imaged at mammography mandates targeted US. Suspicious or...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Nguyen, C., Kettler, M. D., Swirsky, M. E., Miller, V. I., Scott, C., Krause, R., Hadro, J. A. Tags: Breast (Imaging and Interventional), Ultrasound Breast Imaging Source Type: research

Physiologic, Histologic, and Imaging Features of Retained Products of Conception [Women's Imaging]
Retained products of conception (RPOC) are a common and treatable complication after delivery or termination of pregnancy. The pathologic diagnosis of RPOC is made based on the presence of chorionic villi, which indicates persistent placental or trophoblastic tissue. In the setting of postpartum hemorrhage, however, distinguishing RPOC from bleeding related to normal postpartum lochia or uterine atony can be clinically challenging. Ultrasonographic (US) evaluation can be particularly helpful in these patients, and a thickened endometrial echo complex (EEC) or a discrete mass in the uterine cavity is a helpful gray-scale US...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Sellmyer, M. A., Desser, T. S., Maturen, K. E., Jeffrey, R. B., Kamaya, A. Tags: Obstetric/Gynecologic Radiology, Ultrasound, Genitourinary Radiology Women ' s Imaging Source Type: research

AIRP Best Cases in Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: Mediastinal Mature Cystic Teratoma [AIRP/AFIP Archives]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Patel, I. J., Hsiao, E., Ahmad, A. H., Schroeder, C., Gilkeson, R. C. Tags: Oncologic Imaging, Chest Radiology, Computed Tomography AIRP/AFIP Archives Source Type: research

Radiologic Patterns of Ewing Sarcoma [Illuminations]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Frazier, A. A. Tags: Illuminations Source Type: research

From the Radiologic Pathology Archives: Ewing Sarcoma Family of Tumors: Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation [Musculoskeletal Imaging]
The Ewing sarcoma family of tumors includes osseous Ewing sarcoma, extraskeletal Ewing sarcoma, primitive neuroectodermal tumor, and Askin tumor. They share a karyotype abnormality with translocation involving chromosomes 11 and 22. Histologically, these lesions demonstrate crowded sheets of small round blue cells. Imaging features of osseous Ewing sarcoma often suggest the diagnosis, with aggressive long-bone destruction in the metadiaphysis of an adolescent or young adult and an associated soft-tissue mass. Focal areas of cortical destruction are frequent, allowing continuity between the intraosseous and extraosseous com...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Murphey, M. D., Senchak, L. T., Mambalam, P. K., Logie, C. I., Klassen-Fischer, M. K., Kransdorf, M. J. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Musculoskeletal Radiology, Pediatric Radiology, Oncologic Imaging Musculoskeletal Imaging Source Type: research

MR Imaging in the Evaluation of Cystic-appearing Soft-Tissue Masses of the Extremities [Musculoskeletal Imaging]
Cystic-appearing lesions are commonly seen in clinical practice at imaging of the extremities. However, only some of these lesions are truly cystic lesions (eg, ganglia or synovial cysts, bursae) and may be managed conservatively. Fluid-filled lesions usually have homogeneous high T2 signal at magnetic resonance (MR) imaging. A broad array of solid benign masses (eg, myxomas, peripheral nerve sheath tumors [PNSTs], certain vascular lesions, glomus tumors) and malignant solid masses (including undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcomas, myxofibrosarcomas, myxoid liposarcomas, synovial sarcomas, extraskeletal myxoid chondrosarcom...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Bermejo, A., De Bustamante, T. D., Martinez, A., Carrera, R., Zabia, E., Manjon, P. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Musculoskeletal Radiology, Oncologic Imaging Musculoskeletal Imaging Source Type: research

Can Big Data Lead Us to Big Savings? [Editorials]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Green, D. E., Rapp, E. J. Tags: Editorials Source Type: research

AIRP Best Cases in Radiologic-Pathologic Correlation: Maffucci Syndrome [AIRP/AFIP Archives]
(Source: Radiographics recent issues)
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Foreman, K. L., Kransdorf, M. J., O'Connor, M. I., Krishna, M. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Musculoskeletal Radiology AIRP/AFIP Archives Source Type: research

Traumatic Elbow Injuries: What the Orthopedic Surgeon Wants to Know [Trauma/Emergency Radiology]
This article reviews the relevant anatomy and functional stability of the elbow and discusses common traumatic elbow injury patterns, including elbow dislocations as well as fractures of the distal humerus, radial head and neck, coronoid process, and olecranon. Less commonly encountered injury constellations that are clinically significant are also described. Injury patterns are explained in the context of the responsible force mechanism by using three-dimensional modeling and animation, with emphasis on the functional impact of associated secondary bone and soft-tissue injuries. The utility of cross-sectional imaging moda...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Sheehan, S. E., Dyer, G. S., Sodickson, A. D., Patel, K. I., Khurana, B. Tags: Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Musculoskeletal Radiology, Computed Tomography, Emergency Radiology Trauma/Emergency Radiology Source Type: research

Informatics in Radiology: Dual-Energy Electronic Cleansing for Fecal-Tagging CT Colonography [Informatics]
Electronic cleansing (EC) is an emerging technique for the removal of tagged fecal materials at fecal-tagging computed tomographic (CT) colonography. However, existing EC methods may generate various types of artifacts that severely impair the quality of the cleansed CT colonographic images. Dual-energy fecal-tagging CT colonography is regarded as a next-generation imaging modality. EC that makes use of dual-energy fecal-tagging CT colonographic images promises to be effective in reducing cleansing artifacts by means of applying the material decomposition capability of dual-energy CT. The dual-energy index (DEI), which is ...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Cai, W., Kim, S. H., Lee, J.-G., Yoshida, H. Tags: Physics and Basic Science, Informatics, Computed Tomography, Gastrointestinal Radiology Source Type: research

Informatics in Radiology: CT Contrast Protocols Application for the iPad: New Resource for Technologists, Nurses, and Radiologists [Informatics]
The iPad, iPhone, and other portable devices offer a unique opportunity for radiology education, allowing presentation of information in a simple, concise, and mobile fashion to large groups of learners. The CT Contrast Protocols application for the iPad and iPhone is one of the first radiology applications in the Apple App Store to focus on radiology education and was designed to address the lack of practical information on contrast media for radiologists, technologists, nurses, and trainees. The application was developed in response to questions about contrast media use from clinicians, technologists, and nurses; its con...
Source: Radiographics recent issues - May 14, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Raman, S. P., Raminpour, S., Horton, K. M., Fishman, E. K. Tags: Informatics, Computed Tomography, General Source Type: research

Foetal and neonatal outcomes in first‐trimester pregnant women exposed to abdominal or lumbar radiodiagnostic procedures without administration of radionucleotides
ConclusionOur results indicate that X‐ray and computed tomography scan exposure involving abdominal irradiation without the administration of radionucleotides is not associated with adverse foetal and neonatal deterministic outcomes. Efforts are required to reduce the use of radiodiagnostic procedures for general check‐ups in childbearing age women. (Source: Internal Medicine Journal)
Source: Internal Medicine Journal - May 14, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: J. S. Choi, J. Y. Han, H. K. Ahn, H. M. Ryu, M. Y. Kim, J. H. Chung, G. H. An, A. A. Nava‐Ocampo Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Unilateral Rib Notching in a Tetralogy of Fallot
A 39-year-old man with an unrepaired tetralogy of Fallot presented with exertional dyspnea and cyanotic spells. Examination revealed lip cyanosis and clubbing of fingers (A). Chest radiograph showed lacy reticular vascularity in bilateral lower lungs and notching of the fourth and fifth right posterior ribs (B, arrows). Cardiac magnetic resonance study revealed right ventricular hypertrophy, a ventricular septal defect, and an overriding aorta (C, Online Video 1), and an angiogram demonstrated pulmonic stenosis and left pulmonary arterial atresia (D, Online Video 2). There were substantial major aortopulmonary collateral a...
Source: Journal of the American College of Cardiology: Cardiovascular Interventions - May 13, 2013 Category: Cardiology Source Type: research

Osteology and Radiographic Anatomy of the Pelvis and Hind Limb of Healthy Ring‐Tailed Lemurs (Lemur catta)
Summary In family Lemuridae, anatomical variations exist. Considering its conservation status (near threatened) and presence of similarities between strepsirrhines and primitive animals, it was thought to be beneficial to describe the gross osteology and radiographic anatomy of the pelvis and hind limb of ring‐tailed lemurs (Lemur catta) as a reference for clinical use and species identification. Radiography was performed in 14 captive adult ring‐tailed lemurs. The radiographic findings were correlated with bone specimens from two adult animals. Additionally, computed tomography of the hind limbs was performed in one a...
Source: Anatomia, Histologia, Embryologia: Journal of Veterinary Medicine Series C - May 13, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. Makungu, H. B. Groenewald, W. M. du Plessis, M. Barrows, K. N. Koeppel Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Tension gastrothorax: a rare cause of breathlessness
A 67-year-old lady presented to the emergency department with a 4 day history of breathlessness for which she had started clarithromycin. She had a history of a hiatal hernia repair in 1996 and had recently started inhalers for presumed chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Her pulse was 101 bpm, blood pressure 174/120 mm Hg, respiratory rate 36 and O2 saturations 88% on air. She was clammy, dyspnoeic and auscultation of her chest revealed global wheeze. She was treated for an exacerbation of COPD. A chest radiograph showed a massive gastrothorax with mediastinal shift (figure 1). Attempts to pa...
Source: Emergency Medicine Journal - May 13, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Gagg, J. W., Savva, A. Tags: Oesophagus, Drugs: infectious diseases, Hypertension, Radiology, Surgical diagnostic tests, Clinical diagnostic tests, Radiology (diagnostics), Ethics Images in emergency medicine Source Type: research

The effect of unilateral superior laryngeal nerve lesion on swallowing threshold volume
ConclusionsUnilateral SLN lesions increased the swallowing threshold volume symmetrically in right and left valleculae, but the increased threshold may not be the main mechanism for the occurrence of aspiration. Laryngoscope, 2013 (Source: The Laryngoscope)
Source: The Laryngoscope - May 13, 2013 Category: ENT & OMF Authors: Peng Ding, Regina Campbell‐Malone, Shaina D. Holman, Stacey L. Lukasik, Allan J. Thexton, Rebecca Z. German Tags: Laryngology Source Type: research

Establishment of local diagnostic reference levels in paediatric screen-film radiography at a children'shospital
In this study, the preliminary age-specific paediatric DRLs, based on the mean values of the dose distribution, have been suggested for the type of examination considered. They form the preliminary LDRLs, which are lower than the few available international DRLs. (Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry)
Source: Radiation Protection Dosimetry - May 13, 2013 Category: Radiology Authors: Wambani, J. S., Korir, G. K., Korir, I. K., Kilaha, S. Tags: Papers Source Type: research