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The burden of rotavirus gastroenteritis and hospital-acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis among children aged less than 6 years in Japan: a retrospective, multicenter epidemiological survey
Conclusions: Both community- and hospital-acquired rotavirus gastroenteritis are significant public health problems in Japan. Data from this study justify the need for the introduction and implementation of rotavirus vaccination in the Japanese national immunization program.Trial registration: ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT01202201 (Source: BMC Pediatrics - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Pediatrics - Latest articles - May 22, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Hitoshi TajiriYuriko TakeuchiTomoko TakanoToshihiro OhuraAyano InuiKimie YamamotoYoshihito HigashidateHisashi KawashimaShigeru ToyodaKosuke UshijimaGunasekaran RamakrishnanMats RosenlundKatsiaryna Holl Source Type: research

Medicines and the media: news reports of medicines recommended for government reimbursement in Australia
Conclusions: While there was no general trend to increased news reporting associated with PBAC meetings, some drugs did attract media attention. With more new and expensive drugs, decisions on public funding will become increasingly difficult. The media have an important role in enhancing public understanding of the issues around resource allocation. Specialist journalists, guidelines and checklists may help reporting. (Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles)
Source: BMC Public Health - Latest articles - May 20, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jane RobertsonEmily WalkomMarc BevanDavid Newby Source Type: research

India develops cheap rotavirus vaccine
A cheap vaccine developed in India against rotavirus could add substantially to protection against diarrhoea. (Source: SciDev.Net)
Source: SciDev.Net - May 16, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Development of rotavirus a significant victory: US
US today congratulated India for developing an indigenous rotavirus vaccine for prevention of diarrhoea, terming it a significant victory. (Source: The Economic Times Healthcare and Biotech News)
Source: The Economic Times Healthcare and Biotech News - May 15, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Phase III Clinical Trial Results For Rotavirus Vaccine Developed In India
The Government of India's Department of Biotechnology (DBT) and Bharat Biotech announced positive results from a Phase III clinical trial of a rotavirus vaccine developed and manufactured in India. Data from the trial, presented at the International Symposium on Rotavirus Vaccines for India -The Evidence and the Promise, showed ROTAVAC® to have an excellent safety and efficacy profile. The clinical study demonstrates for the first time that the India-developed rotavirus vaccine ROTAVAC® is efficacious in preventing severe rotavirus diarrhoea in low-resource settings in India... (Source: Health News from Medical News Today)
Source: Health News from Medical News Today - May 15, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: GastroIntestinal / Gastroenterology Source Type: news

Low-cost Rotavirus vaccine revealed by scientists in India
A new vaccine to prevent Rotavirus, which kills around half a million children a year, has been unveiled by scientists in India. (Source: Pharmaceutical Technology)
Source: Pharmaceutical Technology - May 14, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Rotavirus Vaccine Ready for Rollout in India
Hailed as a triumph for India's scientific community (Source: ScienceNOW)
Source: ScienceNOW - May 14, 2013 Category: Science Source Type: news

Results of the ROTAVAC Rotavirus Vaccine Study in India
We congratulate the Program for Appropriate Technology in Health (PATH), Bharat Biotech International, Ltd., and the scientists, government and people of India on the important results from the ROTAVAC rotavirus vaccine study. (Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH) News Releases)
Source: National Institutes of Health (NIH) News Releases - May 14, 2013 Category: American Health Source Type: news

Scientists unveils first Made in India rotavirus vaccine
Scientists today unveiled the first completely indigenous and affordable vaccine to prevent severe rotavirus diarrhoea, which kills more than one lakh children under the age of five in India very year. (Source: The Economic Times Healthcare and Biotech News)
Source: The Economic Times Healthcare and Biotech News - May 14, 2013 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Rotavirus vaccine developed in India demonstrates strong efficacy
(PATH) The Government of India's Department of Biotechnology and Bharat Biotech announced positive results from a Phase III clinical trial of a rotavirus vaccine developed and manufactured in India. Data from the trial, presented today at the International Symposium on Rotavirus Vaccines for India -- The Evidence and the Promise, showed ROTAVAC® to have an excellent safety and efficacy profile. (Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health)
Source: EurekAlert! - Medicine and Health - May 14, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Bowel Risk Low with Rotavirus Vaccine (CME/CE)
(MedPage Today) -- The risk of intussusception from rotavirus vaccination is less than one in 100,000, researchers reported. (Source: MedPage Today Pediatrics)
Source: MedPage Today Pediatrics - May 13, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Source Type: news

Prevalence of rotavirus and adenovirus associated with diarrhea among displaced communities in Khartoum, Sudan
Conclusions: In conclusion, most cases of viral diarrhea are found to be caused by rotavirus especially among children less than five years. Most of the identified rotavirus belonged to type A (VP6).It was also evident that most patients are those who drank untreated water obtained from donkey carts source and who had no access to latrines, and lived in poor environmental conditions would acquire diarrheal infection. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - May 8, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Wafa ElhagHumodi SaeedEl OmerAbdelwahid Ali Source Type: research

Plasmacytoid dendritic cells promote rotavirus-induced human and murine B cell responses
B cell–dependent immunity to rotavirus, an important intestinal pathogen, plays a significant role in viral clearance and protects against reinfection. Human in vitro and murine in vivo models of rotavirus infection were used to delineate the role of primary plasmacytoid DCs (pDCs) in initiating B cell responses. Human pDCs were necessary and sufficient for B cell activation induced by rotavirus. Type I IFN recognition by B cells was essential for rotavirus-mediated B cell activation in vitro and murine pDCs and IFN-α/β–mediated B cell activation after in vivo intestinal rotavirus infection. Furth...
Source: Journal of Clinical Investigation - May 3, 2013 Category: Biomedical Science Authors: Emily M. Deal, Katharina Lahl, Carlos F. Narváez, Eugene C. Butcher, Harry B. Greenberg Source Type: research

National immunisation programme: planned changes for 2013 to 2014
This letter sets out planned changes to the national immunisation programme, with details of the specific programme for rotavirus for babies at two and three months. (Source: NHS Networks)
Source: NHS Networks - May 1, 2013 Category: UK Health Authors: Maria Axford Source Type: news

Genetic engineering of rotaviruses by reverse genetics
Abstract The rotavirus genome is composed of 11 gene segments of double‐stranded (ds)RNA. A recent breakthrough in the field of rotaviruses is the development of a reverse genetics system for generating recombinant rotaviruses possessing a gene segment derived from cloned cDNA. Although this approach is a helper virus‐driven system that is technically limited and gives low levels of recombinant viruses, it allows alteration of the rotavirus genome, thus contributing to our understanding of these medically important viruses. So far, this approach has successfully been applied to three of the 11 viral segments in our lab...
Source: Microbiology and Immunology - May 1, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Satoshi Komoto, Koki Taniguchi Tags: Review Source Type: research

GPs to vaccinate two-year-olds against flu from September
The government has brought forward plans to begin routine vaccination of children against flu, as it confirmed its shingles, rotavirus and meningitis C programmes. (Source: HealthcareRepublic Pharmacist News)
Source: HealthcareRepublic Pharmacist News - April 30, 2013 Category: Primary Care Source Type: news

Simultaneous detection of gastrointestinal pathogens with a multiplex Luminex‐based molecular assay in stool samples from diarrheic patients
This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - April 29, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Catherine Mengelle, Jean Michel Mansuy, Marie Françoise Prere, Erick Grouteau, Isabelle Claudet, Nassim Kamar, Anne Huynh, Geneviève Plat, Mélinda Benard, Nicole Marty, Alexis Valentin, Antoine Berry, Jacques Izopet Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Targeted rotavirus vaccination of high-risk infants; a low cost and highly cost-effective alternative to universal vaccination
When compared with universal rotavirus (RV) vaccination, targeted vaccination of high-risk children is highly cost-effective in the Netherlands, suggesting that targeted strategies should be used to reduce RV hospitalizations in Europe. (Source: BMC Medicine)
Source: BMC Medicine - April 26, 2013 Category: Internal Medicine Authors: Patricia Bruijning-VerhagenMarie-Josée MangenMariet FelderhofNico HartwigMarlies van HoutenLéon WinkelWouter de WaalMarc Bonten Source Type: research

Global vaccines community must bring down price of new vaccines
On the eve of the high-level Global Vaccines Summit hosted by Ban Ki-Moon, Bill Gates and General Sheikh Mohamed bin Zayed Al Nahyan, the Crown Prince of Abu Dhabi, Médecins Sans Frontières (MSF) warned that high prices for new vaccines could put developing countries in the precarious situation of not being able to afford to fully vaccinate their children in the future. “Urgent action is needed to address the skyrocketing price to vaccinate a child, which has risen by 2,700 per cent over the last decade,” said physician Manica Balasegaram, executive director of MSF’s Access Campaign. “Countries where we work wil...
Source: MSF News - April 23, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Tags: Access Campaign NEWS Frontpage Vaccination Source Type: news

Prevalence of Human Enteric Viruses and a Potential Indicator of Contamination in Shellfish in China
The objectives of this study were to quantify enteric viruses in shellfish along the Chinese coast and find an indicator of viral contamination in shellfish. One hundred sixty‐two samples were collected in August from 10 cities. Hepatitis A virus (HAV), norovirus (NV), rotavirus (RV), poliovirus (PV), astrovirus (AsV) and adenovirus (AdV) were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and confirmed by sequencing. The percentage of positive samples for each virus was as follows: HAV 5%, NV 12%, RV 7%, PV 15%, AsV 6% and AdV 9%. The six species of shellfish were contaminated with different viruses. PV showed a significan...
Source: Journal of Food Safety - April 22, 2013 Category: Food Science Authors: H. Xia Ming, J. Feng Fan, L. Jun Wu, Y. Bo Liang Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Distribution of rotavirus G and P genotypes approximately two years following the introduction of rotavirus vaccines in South Korea
This study highlights the consistency of the predominant G1 genotype and slightly higher predominance of the identical G9 strains over the G2 genotype. J. Med. Virol. © 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. (Source: Journal of Medical Virology)
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - April 20, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Jung Ok Shim, Van Thai Than, Eell Ryoo, Inseok Lim, Yoosik Yoon, Kijeong Kim, Sang‐In Chung, Wonyong Kim Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Global Vaccines Community Must Bring Price of New Vaccines Down
The GAVI Alliance is an international public-private partnership whose stated mission is to increase access to immunization for children in poor countries. GAVI co-finances the cost of vaccines with qualifying countries. Participants include governments of developing and donor countries, the World Health Organization, UNICEF, the World Bank, the vaccine industry, research and technical agencies, the Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation and other philanthropic organizations. ABU DHABI, APRIL 23, 2013—On the eve of the high-level Global Vaccines Summit hosted by Ban Ki-Moon, Bill Gates, and General Sheikh Mohamed b...
Source: MSF News - April 19, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Prevalence and genetic diversity of norovirus among patients with acute diarrhea in Guatemala
Abstract Noroviruses (NoVs) are a leading cause of acute gastroenteritis outbreaks and sporadic cases of diarrhea in industrialized countries. To study the prevalence and genetic diversity of NoVs in Guatemala, stool specimens were collected from hospitalized and ambulatory patients presenting with diarrhea (≥3 loose or liquid stools in a 24‐hr period) who were enrolled in a prospective surveillance system in the Departments of Santa Rosa (October 2007 to August 2010) and Quetzaltenango (August 2009 to August 2010), Guatemala. Specimens were tested for rotavirus, enteric bacteria, and parasites by routine methods and f...
Source: Journal of Medical Virology - April 17, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Alejandra Estévez, Wences Arvelo, Aron J. Hall, María R. López, Beatriz López, Lissette Reyes, Juan Carlos Moir, Nicole Gregoricus, Jan Vinjé, Umesh D. Parashar, Kim A. Lindblade Tags: Research Article Source Type: research

Effect of Rotavirus Vaccine on Diarrhea Mortality in Different Socioeconomic Regions of Mexico
In Mexico, substantial declines in childhood diarrhea deaths have been documented since the introduction of the rotavirus vaccine in 2007. However, there is concern of lower vaccine effectiveness in less developed regions of Mexico with higher diarrhea-related mortality. We documented significant and comparable declines across all 3 regions of Mexico with different levels of development, indicating equitable vaccine distribution to children with varying risk of mortality and reaffirming the beneficial effects of rotavirus vaccination against fatal diarrheal disease. (Read the full article) (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - April 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Tags: Pediatrics Digest Summary Source Type: research

Effect of Rotavirus Vaccine on Diarrhea Mortality in Different Socioeconomic Regions of Mexico
CONCLUSIONS: After introduction of rotavirus vaccination, marked and sustained declines in diarrhea deaths were seen among children in all regions of Mexico, including in the least developed southern region with the highest baseline diarrhea mortality. This finding indicates equitable vaccine delivery to children with varying risk of mortality and reaffirms the beneficial effects of rotavirus vaccination against fatal diarrheal disease. (Source: PEDIATRICS)
Source: PEDIATRICS - April 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Gastanaduy, P. A., Sanchez-Uribe, E., Esparza-Aguilar, M., Desai, R., Parashar, U. D., Patel, M., Richardson, V. Tags: Infectious Disease & Immunity Article Source Type: research

Potential Intussusception Risk versus Benefits of Rotavirus Vaccination in the United States: Desai R, Cortese M, Meltzer M, et al. Pediatr Infect Dis J 2013;32:1–7.
This study aimed to estimate the potential number of rotavirus vaccination-associated intussusception cases in the United States compared to the number of cases of rotavirus prevented after vaccination. The ultimate goal was to aid in informing clinicians and parents of the risks and benefits of the rotavirus vaccine. (Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine)
Source: The Journal of Emergency Medicine - April 1, 2013 Category: Emergency Medicine Authors: Mariah Bellinger Tags: Abstracts Source Type: research

[Articles] Global economic burden of Chagas disease: a computational simulation model
The economic burden of Chagas disease is similar to or exceeds those of other prominent diseases globally (eg, rotavirus $2·0 billion, cervical cancer $4·7 billion) even in the USA (Lyme disease $2·5 billion), where Chagas disease has not been traditionally endemic, suggesting an economic argument for more attention and efforts towards control of Chagas disease. (Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases)
Source: The Lancet Infectious Diseases - April 1, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Bruce Y Lee, Kristina M Bacon, Maria Elena Bottazzi, Peter J Hotez Tags: Articles Source Type: research

Norovirus Is Now the Main Cause of Acute GI Problems in KidsNorovirus Is Now the Main Cause of Acute GI Problems in Kids
Following introduction of rotavirus vaccines, norovirus has become the main cause of acute gastroenteritis in children under 5 years in the US, costing nearly $300 million per year. Medscape Medical News (Source: Medscape Today Headlines)
Source: Medscape Today Headlines - March 26, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Infectious Diseases News Source Type: news

Evaluation of the Bioline Standard Diagnostics SD immunochromatographic norovirus detection kit using fecal specimens from Australian gastroenteritis incidents
Abstract: Human norovirus is a major cause of both sporadic cases and outbreaks of gastroenteritis and comprises two main genogroups (GI and GII) which, in turn, comprise a variety of genotypes. The current study examined the efficacy of the Bioline SD kit using fecal material from Australian gastroenteritis incidents. At best, the SD kit had a sensitivity of 62%. Freezing and thawing specimens before testing significantly improved sensitivity. The SD kit had a specificity of 98.6%. Genotype analysis (Open Reading Frame 2) indicated the SD kit could detect a range of genotypes and genotype variants including GI.1, GI.3, GI...
Source: Diagnostic Microbiology and Infectious Disease - March 25, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Leesa D. Bruggink, Michael G. Catton, John A. Marshall Tags: Bacteriology Source Type: research

'Cruise Ship Virus' Also Sickens 1 Million U.S. Kids Yearly
Norovirus has overtaken rotavirus in causing gastric illness, CDC study finds (Source: WebMD Health)
Source: WebMD Health - March 20, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

'Cruise Ship Virus' Also Sickens 1 Million U.S. Kids Yearly
Norovirus has overtaken rotavirus in causing gastric illness, CDC study finds Source: HealthDay Related MedlinePlus Pages: Children's Health, Norovirus Infections (Source: MedlinePlus Health News)
Source: MedlinePlus Health News - March 20, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

Viral Infections of Rabbits
Viral diseases of rabbits have been used historically to study oncogenesis (e.g. rabbit fibroma virus, cottontail rabbit papillomavirus) and biologically to control feral rabbit populations (e.g. myxoma virus). However, clinicians seeing pet rabbits in North America infrequently encounter viral diseases although myxomatosis may be seen occasionally. The situation is different in Europe and Australia, where myxomatosis and rabbit hemorrhagic disease are endemic. Advances in epidemiology and virology have led to detection of other lapine viruses that are now recognized as agents of emerging infectious diseases. Rabbit calici...
Source: Veterinary Clinics of North America: Exotic Animal Practice - March 18, 2013 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Peter J. Kerr, Thomas M. Donnelly Source Type: research

Detection and characterisation of rotaviruses from children less than 5 years hospitalised with acute gastroenteritis in Nagercoil
In this study, we report the prevalence and genotype of rotaviruses identified from children <5 years of age hospitalised with acute gastroenteritis from Nagercoil, Tamil Nadu from 2007-2010. From the 139 children included in the study, 71 samples (51%) were positive by ELISA and 65 samples were positive by PCR-based methods. G1P[8] (44.6%) was the most commonly identified genotype. In addition, we report detection of rotavirus in two of three CSF samples from children with seizures. (Source: Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology)
Source: Indian Journal of Medical Microbiology - March 15, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: S BabjiR ArumugamA PetersS RamaniG Kang Source Type: research

Complete genome analyses of G4P[6] rotavirus detected in Argentinean children with diarrhoea provides evidence of interspecies transmission from swine
This study expands our knowledge of G4 rotavirus and reinforces the use of complete genome analyses as key tool for diversity and evolution mechanicisms. © 2013 The Authors Clinical Microbiology and Infection © 2013 European Society of Clinical Microbiology and Infectious Diseases (Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection)
Source: Clinical Microbiology and Infection - March 13, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Juan Ignacio Degiuseppe, Juan Carlos Beltramino, Alejandra Millán, Juan Andrés Stupka, Gabriel Ignacio Parra Tags: Research Note online only Source Type: research

The impact of Rotavirus mass vaccination on hospitalization rates, nosocomial Rotavirus gastroenteritis and secondary blood stream infections
Conclusions: UMV may have contributed to the significant decrease of RV-GE-associated hospitalizations, to a reduction in nosocomial RV infections and RV-associated morbidity due to secondary BSI and reduced direct hospitalization costs. The reduction in nosocomial cases is an important aspect considering severe disease courses in hospitalized patients with co-morbidities and death due to nosocomial RV-GE. (Source: BMC Infectious Diseases)
Source: BMC Infectious Diseases - March 1, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Manuela ZlamySabine KoflerDorothea OrthReinhard WürznerPeter Heinz-ErianAndrea StrengMartina Prelog Source Type: research

Current developments and trends in childhood immunization
Abstract: In this paper we highlight several instances in which there is potential for novel utilization in the near future of relatively recently licenced vaccines, vaccines approaching licensure or vaccines already in established use. Specifically we discuss the potential for universal seasonal influenza immunization and the arrival of live attenuated intranasal vaccine which was licenced for use in children aged 2–17 years in Europe in 2010, the potential use of live oral rotavirus vaccines for infants, two of which have been available in Europe since 2006, pertussis, which despite availability and widespread use thro...
Source: Paediatrics and Child Health - March 1, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Valtyr S. Thors, Robin D. Marlow, Adam Finn Tags: Symposium: Immunity and Infection Source Type: research

Human milk oligosaccharides inhibit rotavirus infectivity in vitro and in acutely infected piglets.
In conclusion, SA-containing HMO inhibited RV infectivity in vitro; however, both neutral HMO and SA with aHMO decreased NSP4 replication during acute RV infection in situ. PMID: 23442265 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher] (Source: The British Journal of Nutrition)
Source: The British Journal of Nutrition - February 26, 2013 Category: Nutrition Authors: Hester SN, Chen X, Li M, Monaco MH, Comstock SS, Kuhlenschmidt TB, Kuhlenschmidt MS, Donovan SM Tags: Br J Nutr Source Type: research

Prevalence of viruses in stool of premature neonates at a neonatal intensive care unit
ConclusionThe overall viral detection rate in stool of 5.7% (affecting 17% of neonates) indicates viral infections are an important health risk for premature infants in NICU. (Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health)
Source: Journal of Paediatrics and Child Health - February 22, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Zin Naing, Benjamin Rayner, Ananthen Killikulangara, Krishna Vunnam, Steven Leach, Christopher J McIver, Gillian M Scott, Maria E Craig, Kei Lui, William D Rawlinson Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Comparison of different RT‐qPCR assays for the detection of human and bovine group A rotaviruses and characterization by sequences analysis of genes encoding VP4 and VP7 capsid proteins
ConclusionThe RT‐qPCR system B was the only TaqMan assay evaluated in this study able to detect rotavirus RNA in all positive human and bovine faecal samples.© Her Majesty the Queen in Right of Canada, as represented by the Minister of Agriculture and Agri‐Food Canada [2013] (Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology)
Source: Journal of Applied Microbiology - February 20, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Pierre Ward, Elyse Poitras, Danielle Leblanc, Carl A. Gagnon, Julie Brassard, Alain Houde Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Impact of the introduction of rotavirus vaccine on the timeliness of other scheduled vaccines: The Australian experience.
Abstract Strict age limits for receipt of rotavirus vaccines and simultaneous use of vaccines requiring two (Rotarix(®)) and three (RotaTeq(®)) doses in Australia may impact on coverage and timeliness of other vaccines in the infant schedule. Using data from the Australian Childhood Immunisation Register (ACIR), coverage and timeliness of rotavirus vaccines and changes in timeliness of other infant vaccines following rotavirus vaccine introduction was examined, with particular emphasis on Indigenous infants in whom coverage is less optimal. Final dose rotavirus coverage reached 83% within 21 months of program com...
Source: Vaccine - February 16, 2013 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Hull BP, Menzies R, Macartney K, McIntyre PB Tags: Vaccine Source Type: research

Rotavirus Encephalitis With Basal Ganglia Involvement in an 8-Month-Old Infant
(Source: Clinical Pediatrics)
Source: Clinical Pediatrics - February 15, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Rath, B. A., Gentsch, J., Seckinger, J., Ward, K., Deputy, S. Tags: Brief Reports Source Type: research

Protective effects of Lactobacillus rhamnosus GG against human rotavirus‐induced diarrhea in a neonatal mouse model
This study here demonstrated that the protective effects of LGG against RV‐induced diarrhea were highly correlated with the timing and dosage of administering LGG, and intragastric administering 2×109 CFU LGG four consecutive days before RV‐infection here may be one of the most effective treatment options against RV‐induced diarrhea in neonatal mice. © 2013 Federation of European Microbiological Societies. Published by Blackwell Publishing Ltd. All rights reserved (Source: FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology)
Source: FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology - February 11, 2013 Category: Microbiology Authors: Zhen Zhang, Yun Xiang, Na Li, Baoxiang Wang, Hongwu Ai, Xiaomei Wang, Laiqiang Huang, Yi Zheng Tags: Research Paper Source Type: research

Evaluation of the second generation of a commercial latex agglutination test for the detection of rotavirus antigens in fecal samples
Abstract: Background: Despite vaccine availability, the infection rate and disease burden associated with rotavirus infection are still high. Thus, accurate diagnosis of rotavirus infection continues to be necessary for proper patient clinical management and disease control.Objective: To evaluate the performance of a novel, second generation, commercial latex tests (Pastorex™ Rotavirus latex agglutination test, BIORAD, Marnes-La-Coquette, France), for the detection of rotavirus in human feces.Study design: Using 166 fecal samples collected from children with acute diarrhea, and previously tested for rotavirus, caliciviru...
Source: Journal of Clinical Virology - February 11, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Poornima Dusetty, F. Raúl Velázquez, Ana Lorena Gutiérrez-Escolano, Juan E. Ludert Tags: Short communications Source Type: research

Inactivation of Pathogenic Viruses by Plant-Derived Tannins: Strong Effects of Extracts from Persimmon (Diospyros kaki) on a Broad Range of Viruses.
In this study, we investigated the anti-viral effects of tannins on 12 different viruses including both enveloped viruses (influenza virus H3N2, H5N3, herpes simplex virus-1, vesicular stomatitis virus, Sendai virus and Newcastle disease virus) and non-enveloped viruses (poliovirus, coxsachievirus, adenovirus, rotavirus, feline calicivirus and mouse norovirus). We found that extracts from persimmon (Diospyros kaki), which contains ca. 22% of persimmon tannin, reduced viral infectivity in more than 4-log scale against all of the viruses tested, showing strong anti-viral effects against a broad range of viruses. Other tannin...
Source: Herpes - February 10, 2013 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Ueda K, Kawabata R, Irie T, Nakai Y, Tohya Y, Sakaguchi T Tags: PLoS One Source Type: research

Complex evolutionary patterns of two rare human G3P[9] rotavirus strains possessing a feline/canine-like H6 genotype on an AU-1-like genotype constellation.
We report here the whole genomic analyses of two human G3P[9] RVA strains, RVA/Human-tc/CHN/L621/2006/G3P[9] and RVA/Human-wt/CHN/E2451/2011/G3P[9], detected in patients with diarrhea in China. Strains L621 and E2451 possessed a H6 NSP5 genotype on an AU-1-like genotype constellation, not reported previously. However, not all the genes of L621 and E2451 were closely related to those of AU-1, or to each other, revealing different evolutionary patterns among the AU-1-like RVAs. The VP7, VP4, VP6 and NSP4 genes of E2451 and L621 were found to cluster together with human G3P[9] RVA strains believed to be of possible feline/can...
Source: Infection, Genetics and Evolution - February 8, 2013 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Wang YH, Pang BB, Zhou X, Ghosh S, Tang WF, Peng JS, Hu Q, Zhou DJ, Kobayashi N Tags: Infect Genet Evol Source Type: research

New study highlights Chagas disease as a growing health and socio-economic challenge
(Sabin Vaccine Institute) Today, The Lancet Infectious Diseases published a new report that examines the global economic burden of Chagas disease. In the first study of its kind, researchers measured the health and economic impact of Chagas disease and found that the total economic burden of Chagas disease matches or exceeds that of many more well-known diseases such as rotavirus, Lyme disease and cervical cancer. (Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science)
Source: EurekAlert! - Social and Behavioral Science - February 7, 2013 Category: Global & Universal Source Type: news

Introduction of immunisation against rotavirus in the UK
(Source: Prescriber)
Source: Prescriber - February 5, 2013 Category: Primary Care Authors: Robin Marlow, Adam Finn Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

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Arch Pediatr. 2013 Feb 5; Authors: Aubert M, Beytout J, Callamand P, Cheymol J, Combadière B, Dahlab A, Denis F, Dodet B, Dommergues MA, Gagneur A, Gaillat J, Gavazzi G, Gras-le-Guen C, Haas H, Hau-Rainsard I, Malvy D, de Monléon JV, Picherot G, Pinquier D, Pretet JL, Pulcini C, Rabaud C, Regnier F, Rogeaux O, Savagner C, Soubeyrand B, Valdiguié M, Weil-Olivier C, Groupe Avancées Vaccinales Abstract Every year, the National Foundation for Infectious Diseases brings together more than 300 participants to review progress in vaccine research and development and identify the most promising avenues of research. ...
Source: Archives de Pediatrie - February 5, 2013 Category: Pediatrics Authors: Aubert M, Beytout J, Callamand P, Cheymol J, Combadière B, Dahlab A, Denis F, Dodet B, Dommergues MA, Gagneur A, Gaillat J, Gavazzi G, Gras-le-Guen C, Haas H, Hau-Rainsard I, Malvy D, de Monléon JV, Picherot G, Pinquier D, Pretet JL, Pulcini C, Rabaud C Tags: Arch Pediatr Source Type: research

[Comment] Prediction of immunisation performance
Vaccines are extremely powerful disease prevention agents and have the potential to save millions of lives. Tremendous scientific progress has been made in the past decade with several new vaccines licensed, including those to prevent pneumococcal and rotavirus disease—the two leading killers of young children in developing countries. Thanks to concerted efforts by stakeholders through the GAVI Alliance, many of these new vaccines are now accessible to the lowest-income countries and the children who live there. (Source: LANCET)
Source: LANCET - February 1, 2013 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Celina M Hanson, Eliane Furrer, Nina Schwalbe, Seth Berkley Tags: Comment Source Type: research

Circulating rotaviral RNA in children with rotavirus antigenemia
Conclusions: Antigenemia is present in a significant number of patients with rotavirus diarrhea. Rotavirus viremia was absent in the children with rotavirus diarrhea who participated in our study, and was not indicated by the presence of antigenemia. The significance of circulating rotavirus antigen and genomic dsRNA in serum of patients with diarrhea deserves further study. (Source: Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine)
Source: Journal of Negative Results in BioMedicine - February 1, 2013 Category: Research Authors: Kamruddin AhmedGulendam BozdayiMarcelo MituiSelim AhmedLuthful KabirDalgic BuketIlknur BostanciAkira Nishizono Source Type: research