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From bad to worse: How avian flu must change to trigger a human pandemic
The victims are varied, from thousands of sea lions off the coast of Peru to mink farmed for fur in Spain to grizzly bears in Montana and harbor seals in Maine. For months, the avian influenza virus that has been
decimating birds across the world
has also sickened and killed a menagerie of mammals, raising fears it might evolve to spread more efficiently between these animals, and ultimately between people.
For that nightmare to unfold, however, the virus, a subtype known as H5N1, would have to undergo a major transformation, changing from a pathogen efficient at infecting cells in the guts of birds and spreadin...
Source: ScienceNOW - April 6, 2023 Category: Science Source Type: news
Repeat Flu Vaccinations Can Help Protect Seniors
BOSTON (CBS) — While flu cases continue to spike nationwide, health officials are still urging the public to get their annual flu shot. And a new study suggests that older people, in particular, should make sure they get a flu shot year after year after year.
Researchers in Spain found that people over 65 who get a flu shot every year are 74% less likely to require intensive care and are 70% less likely to die from influenza.
While the flu vaccine varies in its effectiveness from year to year, any protection is better than no protection, and this study shows that the flu vaccine can have a cumulative effect over year...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - January 10, 2018 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health Local News Seen On WBZ-TV Syndicated Local Dr. Mallika Marshall Elderly Flu Shot Flu Vaccine HealthWatch Local TV Source Type: news
Scientists condemn 'crazy, dangerous' creation of deadly airborne flu virus
Researchers say recreation of Spanish flu strain highlights risk of pandemic, but critics say work puts global population at riskScientists have created a life-threatening virus that closely resembles the 1918 Spanish flu strain that killed an estimated 50m people in an experiment labelled as "crazy" by opponents.US researchers said the experiments were crucial for understanding the public health risk posed by viruses currently circulating in wild birds, but critics condemned the studies as dangerous and called on funders to stop the work.Continue reading...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - June 11, 2014 Category: Science Authors: Ian Sample, science editor Tags: Infectious diseases Medical research Science Ethics Flu pandemic World news Microbiology Genetics Controversies Source Type: news
Four lessons the Spanish flu can teach us about coronavirus
Up to 100 million people died in 1918-19 in the world ’s deadliest pandemic. What can we learn?Follow ourlatest coronavirus blog for live news and updatesSpanish flu is estimated to have killed between 50 million and 100 million people when it swept the globe in 1918-19 – more than double the number killed in the first world war. Two-thirds of its victims died in a three-month period and most were aged 18-49. So what lessons has the world’s deadliest pandemic taught us?Continue reading...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - March 3, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Hannah Devlin Science correspondent Tags: Coronavirus outbreak Infectious diseases Medical research Microbiology Science Flu pandemic Source Type: news
‘Nurses fell like ninepins’: death and bravery in the 1918 flu pandemic
A doctor ’s harrowing account of the Spanish flu outbreak in London has valuable lessons for medical staff a century onCoronavirus – latest updatesSee all our coronavirus coverageIf predictions about the spread of Covid-19 are correct, the new NHS Nightingale hospital at the ExCel centre in London ’s Docklands could soon see a “tsunami” of coronavirus patients. Many will have pneumonia and require ventilators, which is why cubicles in the new 4,000-bed facility all have oxygen equipment.It is to hoped this onslaught never comes and infections spread less rapidly than projections show. But if the worst happens, wh...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - April 5, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Mark Honigsbaum Tags: Coronavirus outbreak Flu pandemic First world war NHS Infectious diseases Science Health Nursing UK news London Source Type: news
What the 1918 flu pandemic can teach us about coronavirus drug trials | Laura Spinney
In times of crisis, scientists have to make ethical decisions about new treatments – even if the evidence seems shaky• Laura Spinney is the author of Pale Rider: The Spanish Flu of 1918 and How it Changed the World• Coronavirus latest updates• See all our coronavirus coverageSometimes the parallels between this pandemic and previous ones are uncanny.Take hydroxychloroquine, the anti-malarial drug that regulatory agencies all over the world arenow hastily authorising for the treatment of hospitalised Covid-19 patients. Outside hospitals,Donald Trump and the Brazilian president,Jair Bolsonaro, have expressed enthusia...
Source: Guardian Unlimited Science - April 5, 2020 Category: Science Authors: Laura Spinney Tags: Coronavirus outbreak Medical research Infectious diseases Science World news Drugs Flu pandemic Health Society UK news Epidemics France Europe Source Type: news
Role of Multivalency and Antigenic Threshold in Generating Protective Antibody Responses
Mark K. Slifka1* and Ian J. Amanna2
1Division of Neuroscience, Oregon National Primate Research Center, Oregon Health & Science University, Beaverton, OR, United States2Najít Technologies, Inc., Beaverton, OR, United States
Vaccines play a vital role in protecting our communities against infectious disease. Unfortunately, some vaccines provide only partial protection or in some cases vaccine-mediated immunity may wane rapidly, resulting in either increased susceptibility to that disease or a requirement for more booster vaccinations in order to maintain immunity above a protective level. The durabilit...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 30, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research
What ’s in a Name? Why WHO’s Formal Name for the New Coronavirus Disease Matters
On Tuesday, the World Health Organization (WHO) declared an official name for the new coronavirus disease: COVID-19 — making sure not to reference Wuhan, the central Chinese city where the virus originated. COVID-19 stands for Corona Virus Disease 19.
“Having a name matters to prevent the use of other names that can be inaccurate or stigmatizing,” said Director-General of the WHO, Tedros Adhanom Ghebreyesus. “It also gives us a standard format to use for any future coronavirus outbreaks.” The WHO referenced guidelines set in 2015 that ensure the name does not refer to a geographical location, ...
Source: TIME: Health - February 11, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Sanya Mansoor Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 onetime Source Type: news
Understanding Dynamics of Pandemics.
Authors: Akin L, Gözel MG
Abstract
Along the centuries, novel strain of virus such as influenza produces pandemics which increases illness, death and disruption in the countries. Spanish flu in 1918, Asian flu in 1957, Hong Kong flu in1968 and swine flu in 2009 were known pandemic which had various characteristics in terms of morbidity and mortality. A current pandemic is caused by novel corona virus originated from China. COVID -19 pandemic is very similar to Spanish, Hong Kong, Asian and Swine influenza pandemics in terms of spreading to world by the mobilized people. Burden of pandemic is considered in terms of...
Source: Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences - April 18, 2020 Category: General Medicine Tags: Turk J Med Sci Source Type: research
A Game of Infection – Song of Respiratory Viruses and Interferons
Humanity has experienced four major pandemics since the twentieth century, with the 1918 Spanish flu, the 2002 severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS), the 2009 swine flu, and the 2019 coronavirus disease (COVID)-19 pandemics having the most important impact in human health. The 1918 Spanish flu caused unprecedented catastrophes in the recorded human history, with an estimated death toll between 50 – 100 million. While the 2002 SARS and 2009 swine flu pandemics caused approximately 780 and 280,000 deaths, respectively, the current COVID-19 pandemic has resulted in > 6 million deaths globally at the time of writing. C...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - June 29, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research
How Our Modern World Creates Outbreaks Like Coronavirus
“Everyone knows that pestilences have a way of recurring in the world,” observes Albert Camus in his novel The Plague. “Yet somehow we find it hard to believe in ones that crash down on our heads from a blue sky. There have been as many plagues as wars in history; yet plagues and wars always take people by surprise.”
Camus was imagining a fictional outbreak of plague in 1948 in Oran, a port city in northwest Algeria. But at a time when the world is reeling from a very real microbial emergency sparked by the emergence of a novel coronavirus in Wuhan, central China, his observations are as pertinent a...
Source: TIME: Health - February 7, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Mark Honigsbaum Tags: Uncategorized 2019-nCoV health ideas Source Type: news
Crushing the curve, the role of national and international institutions and policy makers in COVID-19 pandemic.
Authors: Koçak Tufan Z, Kayaaslan B
Abstract
Nobody can be fully prepared to a pandemic. Of course there are signs of it, the scientists can predict, alarming speeches can be made. But there are always alarmist people around, maybe that is why sometimes even the most serious warnings may be not considered by the authorities on time. The first patients may be lost without a proper diagnosis. When everybody realizes that there may be a big problem in the horizon, sometimes it is too late. That is why it is very important to monitor contagious diseases and follow the warnings and releases of national and internationa...
Source: Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences - April 18, 2020 Category: General Medicine Tags: Turk J Med Sci Source Type: research
Deciphering the impact of novel coronavirus pandemic on agricultural sustainability, food security, and socio-economic sectors-a review
In conclusion, we should strictly follow SOP's to improve our agriculture, education, economy, and other ways of normal life. We should also be vaccinated to fulfill our all losses in different fields.PMID:34333745 | DOI:10.1007/s11356-021-15728-y
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - August 1, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mehvish Mumtaz Nazim Hussain Zulqarnain Baqar Saima Anwar Muhammad Bilal Source Type: research
Global respiratory virus surveillance: strengths, gaps, and way forward
Recurrent outbreaks of respiratory virus disease, primarily caused by influenza and coronaviruses (CoVs), have been witnessed across the world (Baber, 2020). The global history of pandemics over the past century indicates the maximum potential of influenza viruses to mutate, reassort, and evolve to cause outbreaks. This is exemplified by repeated influenza A virus (IAV) outbreaks starting from H1N1 Spanish Flu in 1918, H2N2 Asian Flu in 1957, H3 N2 Hong Kong Flu in 1968, and H1N1 swine flu in 2009 (Peteranderl et al., 2016).
Source: International Journal of Infectious Diseases - May 14, 2022 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Swati Gupta, Tejas Gupta, Nivedita Gupta Tags: Perspective Source Type: research
