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Infectious Disease: Gastroenteritis

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Total 823 results found since Jan 2013.

Epidemics and pandemics in general practice : What can we learn from the swine flu (H1N1) and EHEC outbreak?
CONCLUSIONS: The workload of GPs in particular can and should be reduced through successful, centralized information distribution during epidemics/pandemics. The GP's function as a coordinator should be supported and consolidated, in order to relieve the in-patient sector in cases of an epidemic/pandemic. Secured financing of epidemic-associated measures can help ensure patient care. PMID: 24817143 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Bundesgesundheitsblatt, Gesundheitsforschung, Gesundheitsschutz - May 10, 2014 Category: Global & Universal Authors: Eisele M, Hansen H, Wagner HO, von Leitner E, Pohontsch N, Scherer M Tags: Bundesgesundheitsblatt Gesundheitsforschung Gesundheitsschutz Source Type: research

We Need to Rethink Our Food System to Prevent the Next Pandemic
Once a dangerous new pathogen is out, as we are seeing, it can be difficult if not impossible to prevent it going global. One as contagious as SARS-CoV-2 has the potential to infect the whole of humanity. Eighty per cent of cases may be benign, but with such a large pool of susceptible hosts, the numbers who experience severe illness and die can still be shockingly high. So the only sensible answer to the question, how do we stop this from happening again, is: by doing all we can to prevent such pathogens infecting humans in the first place. And that means taking a long, hard look at our relationship with the natural world...
Source: TIME: Health - April 13, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Laura Spinney Tags: Uncategorized COVID-19 Source Type: news

New strain blamed for record norovirus outbreak
The emergence of a new Australian strain of norovirus – the 'winter vomiting bug' – has featured in most newspapers today. The Daily Telegraph reports that the new strain is to blame for the record number of cases of the virus seen this winter, which it terms a 'severe norovirus season'. Experts have been quick to point out that the new strain of the virus does not cause more serious illness than any other strain. The strain is called Sydney 2012, prompting the Daily Mirror to headline its coverage ‘Down chunder’. Norovirus is contagious and its spread can be prevented by washing hands (particularly after using th...
Source: NHS News Feed - January 10, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Medical practice QA articles Source Type: news

Why You Should Think Twice About Playing With Puppies in a Pet Store
This article originally appeared on Health.com
Source: TIME.com: Top Science and Health Stories - September 12, 2017 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Amanda MacMillan / Health Tags: Uncategorized animals campylobacter campylobacter outbreak Dog Dogs health risks pet diseases pet store outbreak Petland Pets public health puppies puppy puppy outbreak Source Type: news

Viruses, Vol. 14, Pages 591: Development and Application of a Reverse-Transcription Recombinase-Aided Amplification Assay for Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus
In this study, we developed an isothermal amplification technology by using reverse-transcription recombinase-aided amplification assay (RT-RAA) combined with portable instruments to achieve a molecular diagnosis of PEDV in clinical samples from China. By designing a pair of RT-RAA primers and probes based on the PEDV N gene, this method breaks the limitations of existing detection methods. The assay time was within 30 min at 41 °C and can detect as few as 10 copies of PEDV DNA molecules per reaction. Sixty-two clinical tissue samples were detected by RT-qPCR and RT-RAA. The positive and negative rates for the ...
Source: Viruses - March 12, 2022 Category: Virology Authors: Xiuhong Wu Yuanjia Liu Liguo Gao Zhuanqiang Yan Qiqi Zhao Feng Chen Qingmei Xie Xinheng Zhang Tags: Article Source Type: research

A Review of the Current Status of Relevant Zoonotic Pathogens in Wild Swine (Sus scrofa) Populations: Changes Modulating the Risk of Transmission to Humans
Summary Many wild swine populations in different parts of the World have experienced an unprecedented demographic explosion that may result in increased exposure of humans to wild swine zoonotic pathogens. Interactions between humans and wild swine leading to pathogen transmission could come from different ways, being hunters and game professionals the most exposed to acquiring infections from wild swine. However, increasing human settlements in semi‐natural areas, outdoor activities, socio‐economic changes and food habits may increase the rate of exposure to wild swine zoonotic pathogens and to potentially emerging pa...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - May 8, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: F. Ruiz‐Fons Tags: Review Article Source Type: research

Stage of Gestation at Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus Infection of Pregnant Swine Impacts Maternal Immunity and Lactogenic Immune Protection of Neonatal Suckling Piglets
In this study, we infected pregnant first parity gilts in their first, second and third trimesters of gestation with PEDV to determine the impact of stage of gestation on generation of maternal B-cell immunity, the gut-MG-sIgA axis and lactogenic immune protection in PEDV challenged piglets. Our goal was to identify innate and adaptive immune factors during pregnancy that influence lymphocyte trafficking, in addition to immune correlates of lactogenic immune protection in neonatal suckling piglets. Understanding the impact of stage of gestation at PEDV infection or exposure on maternal immunity will allow more precise mate...
Source: Frontiers in Immunology - April 23, 2019 Category: Allergy & Immunology Source Type: research

Prevalence, Characteristics and Clonal Distribution of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- and AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Following the Swine Production Stages, and Potential Risks to Humans
In conclusion, ESBL/AmpC-EC was distributed throughout the swine production stages, with the highest prevalence in the weaning stage. The CTX-M was present in all stages, while CMY was mostly found in growing-finishing stages. The swine ESBL/AmpC-EC was identified to harbor shared clone types with human ESBL/AmpC-EC and a virulent profile posing potential risk to humans. Considering the possibility of genetic and clonal distribution of ESBL/AmpC-EC among swine production stages, this study suggests the need for strategies considering the production system to control the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC-EC in swine farms.
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - July 21, 2021 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Development of latex agglutination test with nucleoprotein as antigen for detection of antibodies to swine influenza virus.
Abstract As pigs are susceptible to infection with both avian and human influenza A viruses, they have been proposed to be an intermediate host for the generation of pandemic virus through reassortment. The broad susceptibility of pigs to influenza viruses emphasizes the importance of surveillance of swine influenza virus. Thus, A latex agglutination test (LAT) was developed for rapid detection of antibodies to swine influenza virus. The nucleoprotein (NP) gene of the H9N2 swine influenza virus isolated from local farms was cloned, and expressed in Escherichia coli. Reactivity of the expressed protein was confirme...
Source: International Immunopharmacology - February 6, 2014 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Zhang RH, Li CH, He WX, Wang CL, Xu T, Jin ML, Chen HC Tags: Int Immunopharmacol Source Type: research

Zoonotic pathogens from feral swine that pose a significant threat to public health
Summary The natural fecundity of suids, great ability to adapt to new habitats and desire for local hunting opportunities leading to translocation of feral pigs to regions where they are not yet established have all been instrumental in the home range expansion of feral swine. Feral swine populations in the United States continue to expand, wreaking havoc on agricultural lands, further compromising threatened and endangered species, and posing a microbiological threat to humans, domestic livestock and companion animals. This manuscript thoroughly reviews zoonotic diseases of concern including brucellosis, bovine tuberculos...
Source: Transboundary and Emerging Diseases - January 31, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: V. R. Brown, R. A. Bowen, A. M. Bosco ‐Lauth Tags: REVIEW ARTICLE Source Type: research

Prevalence, Characteristics, and Clonal Distribution of Escherichia coli Carrying Mobilized Colistin Resistance Gene mcr-1.1 in Swine Farms and Their Differences According to Swine Production Stages
Global spread of Escherichia coli strains carrying the mobilized colistin resistance gene mcr-1.1 (MCR1-EC) poses serious threats to public health. Colistin has been generally prescribed for swine colibacillosis, having made swine farms as major reservoirs of MCR1-EC. The present study aimed to understand characteristic differences of MCR1-EC, including prevalence, antimicrobial resistance, and virulence, according to swine production stages. In addition, genetic relatedness was evaluated between MCR1-EC isolated from this study as well as pig-, human-, and chicken-derived strains published in the National Center for Biote...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - May 6, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli in swine: the public health perspective.
Abstract Shiga toxin-producing Escherichia coli (STEC) strains are food-borne pathogens that are an important public health concern. STEC infection is associated with severe clinical diseases in human beings, including hemorrhagic colitis (HC) and hemolytic uremic syndrome (HUS), which can lead to kidney failure and death. Cattle are the most important STEC reservoir. However, a number of STEC outbreaks and HUS cases have been attributed to pork products. In swine, STEC strains are known to be associated with edema disease. Nevertheless, the relationship between STEC of swine origin and human illness has yet to be...
Source: Animal Health Research Reviews - January 8, 2014 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: Tseng M, Fratamico PM, Manning SD, Funk JA Tags: Anim Health Res Rev Source Type: research

Hyper-Aerotolerant Campylobacter coli From Swine May Pose a Potential Threat to Public Health Based on Its Quinolone Resistance, Virulence Potential, and Genetic Relatedness
In conclusion, quinolone resistance of C. coli may be distributed throughout in all swine groups in farms. HAT C. coli is likely to remain in pig farms and re-infect other pigs in the farms. Furthermore, swine-derived HAT C. coli could be transmitted to humans easily through the food chain owing to its aerotolerance, and it could pose a threat to public health owing to its high-level ciprofloxacin resistance and virulence. This study highlights the need to develop management practices that prevent the transmission of swine-derived HAT C. coli to humans.
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - July 16, 2021 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Removal of microorganisms and antibiotic resistance genes from swine wastewater: a comparison between polyaluminum chloride (PAC), polyaluminum sulfate (LST), and aluminum hydroxide iron (LT)
J Environ Sci Health B. 2022 Apr 5:1-8. doi: 10.1080/03601234.2022.2058844. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe presence of antibiotic-resistant bacteria (ARB) and antibiotic-resistance genes (ARGs) in swine wastewater may present a threat to the environment and public health. Conventional swine wastewater treatment processes generally fail to effectively reduce the content of ARGs. Therefore, it is necessary to develop a highly efficient and low-cost treatment method to solve this environmental problem. In doing so, we evaluated the application of three common coagulants in the treatment of swine wastewater. Using metagenom...
Source: Journal of Environmental Science and Health. Part. B, Pesticides, Food Contaminants, and Agricultural Wastes - April 5, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Yue Jian Yuecheng He Jiaming Zhu Dingbiao Long Qiong Tan Wenlai Xu Shihua Pu Source Type: research