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Total 79 results found since Jan 2013.

Intra-host variation structure of classical swine fever virus NS5B in relation to antiviral therapy.
Abstract Classical swine fever (CSF) is one of most important diseases of the Suidea with severe social economic consequences in case of outbreaks. Antivirals have been demonstrated, in recent publications, to be an interesting alternative method of fighting the disease. However, classical swine fever virus is an RNA virus which presents a challenge as intra-host variation and the error prone RNA dependent RNA polymerase (RdRp) could lead to the emergence/selection of resistant variants hampering further treatment. Therefore, it was the purpose of this study to investigate the intra-host variation of the RdRp gene...
Source: Antiviral Research - May 1, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Haegeman A, Vrancken R, Neyts J, Koenen F Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research

Immune efficacy of an adenoviral vector-based swine influenza vaccine against antigenically distinct H1N1 strains in mice
Publication date: Available online 20 September 2017 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Yunpu Wu, Dawei Yang, Bangfeng Xu, Wenhua Liang, Jinyu Sui, Yan Chen, Huanliang Yang, Hualan Chen, Ping Wei, Chuanling Qiao Avian-like H1N1 swine influenza viruses are prevalent in pigs and have occasionally crossed the species barrier and infected humans, which highlights the importance of preventing swine influenza. Human adenovirus serotype 5 (Ad5) has been tested in human influenza vaccine clinical trials and has exhibited a reliable safety profile. Here, we generated a replication-defective, recombinant adenovirus (designated as...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - September 21, 2017 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Recombinant pseudorabies virus expressing E2 of classical swine fever virus (CSFV) protects against both virulent pseudorabies virus and CSFV
Publication date: Available online 18 November 2019Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): Wu Tong, Hao Zheng, Guo-xin Li, Fei Gao, Tong-ling Shan, Yan-jun Zhou, Hai Yu, Yi-feng Jiang, Ling-xue Yu, Li-wei Li, Ning Kong, Guang-zhi Tong, Ji-chang LiAbstractBoth classical swine fever (CSF) and pseudorabies are highly contagious, economically significant diseases of swine in China. Although vaccination with the C-strain against classical swine fever virus (CSFV) is widely carried out and severe outbreaks of CSF seldom occur in China, CSF is sporadic in many pig herds and novel sub-subgenotypes of CSFV endlessly emerge. Thus, new ...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - November 18, 2019 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Protection of swine by potent neutralizing anti-Japanese encephalitis virus monoclonal antibodies derived from vaccination
In this study, prophylactic passive immunization was performed in a miniature swine model, using two vaccination-induced monoclonal antibodies (mAb), JEV-31 and JEV-169. These were selected as representatives for antibodies reactive with the major antigenic structures in the E protein of JEV and related flaviviruses. JEV-31 recognizes the lateral ridge of E protein domain III (EDIII) whilst JEV-169 has a broad footprint of binding involving residues throughout domains I (EDI) and II (EDII) of the E protein. Detection of neutralizing antibodies in the serum of immunized animals mimics the presence of neutralizing antibodies...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - December 10, 2019 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Xin-Jia-Xiang-Ru-Yin alleviated H1N1-induced acute lung injury and inhibited the IFN-γ-related regulatory pathway in summer flu
Publication date: December 2018Source: Biomedicine & Pharmacotherapy, Volume 108Author(s): Qiulu Li, Peng Pang, Ke Zheng, Li Sun, Jing Wang, Xiaoyin ChenAbstractSeasonal influenza is an acute viral infection caused by influenza virus, which is often prevalent in summer and winter. In contrast to the prevalent focus on winter flu, summer flu is often ignored by epidemiological researchers. However, summer flu should be studied because of the special immune status and the influenza spread mechanism in the hot and humid environment. Moreover, people are more likely to catch a summertime cold upon suddenly entering relatively ...
Source: Biomedicine and Pharmacotherapy - September 14, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Source Type: research

Approved and experimental countermeasures against pestiviral diseases: Bovine viral diarrhea, classical swine fever and border disease.
Abstract The pestiviruses, bovine viral diarrhea virus (BVDV), classical swine fever (CSFV) and border disease virus, are important livestock pathogens in many countries, but current vaccines do not completely prevent the spread of infection. Control of pestiviral diseases is especially difficult due to the constant viremia and viral shedding of persistently infected (PI) animals, which must be identified and eliminated to prevent disease transmission. Existing vaccines are limited by the delay between vaccination and the onset of protection, the difficulty of differentiating serologically between vaccinated and n...
Source: Antiviral Research - August 5, 2013 Category: Virology Authors: Newcomer BW, Daniel M Tags: Antiviral Res Source Type: research

Influenza A viruses of swine circulating in the United States during 2009–2014 are susceptible to neuraminidase inhibitors but show lineage-dependent resistance to adamantanes
This study defines a drug-susceptibility profile, identifies the frequency of drug-resistant markers, and establishes a phylogenetic approach for continued antiviral-susceptibility monitoring of IAV-S in the U.S.
Source: Antiviral Therapy - February 19, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Swine TRIM21 restricts FMDV infection via an intracellular neutralization mechanism
In this study, swine TRIM21 (sTRIM21) was cloned and its role in ADIN was investigated. The expression of sTRIM21 is induced by type I interferon in PK-15 cells. sTRIM21 restricts FMDV infection in the presence of FMDV specific antibodies. Furthermore, sTRIM21 interacts with Fc fragment of swine immunoglobulin G (sFc) fused VP1 of FMDV and thereby causing its degradation. Both the RING and SPRY domains are essential for sTRIM21 to degrade sFc-fused VP1. These results suggest that the intracellular neutralization features of FMDV contribute to the antiviral activity of sTRIM21. sTRIM21 provide another intracellular mechanis...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - January 15, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research

RNA interference screening of interferon-stimulated genes with antiviral activities against classical swine fever virus using a reporter virus
In this study, to conduct the screening of anti-CSFV ISGs, twenty-one ISGs reported previously were individually knocked down using small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) followed by infection with a reporter CSFV expressing Renilla luciferase (Rluc). As a result, four novel anti-CSFV ISGs were identified, including natural-resistance-associated macrophage protein 1 (NRAMP1), cytosolic 5′-nucleotidase III A (NT5C3A), chemokine C-X-C motif ligand 10 (CXCL10), and 2′-5′-oligoadenylate synthetase 1 (OAS1), which were further verified to exhibit antiviral activities against wild-type CSFV. We conclude that the reporter virus is...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - February 8, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research

In vitro inhibition of African swine fever virus-topoisomerase II disrupts viral replication
Publication date: Available online 26 August 2016 Source:Antiviral Research Author(s): Ferdinando B. Freitas, Gonçalo Frouco, Carlos Martins, Alexandre Leitão, Fernando Ferreira African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of a highly-contagious and fatal disease of domestic pigs, leading to serious socio-economic impact in affected countries. To date, neither a vaccine nor a selective anti-viral drug are available for prevention or treatment of African swine fever (ASF), emphasizing the need for more detailed studies at the role of ASFV proteins involved in viral DNA replication and transcription. Notably,...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - August 25, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research

In  vitro inhibition of African swine fever virus-topoisomerase II disrupts viral replication
Publication date: October 2016 Source:Antiviral Research, Volume 134 Author(s): Ferdinando B. Freitas, Gonçalo Frouco, Carlos Martins, Alexandre Leitão, Fernando Ferreira African swine fever virus (ASFV) is the etiological agent of a highly-contagious and fatal disease of domestic pigs, leading to serious socio-economic impact in affected countries. To date, neither a vaccine nor a selective anti-viral drug are available for prevention or treatment of African swine fever (ASF), emphasizing the need for more detailed studies at the role of ASFV proteins involved in viral DNA replication and transcription. Notably, ASFV e...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - September 1, 2016 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Swine influenza A (H1N1) virus (SIV) infection requiring extracorporeal life support in an immunocompetent adult patient with indirect exposure to pigs, Italy, October 2016.
We describe a case of severe swine influenza A(H1N1) virus infection in an immunocompetent middle-aged man in October 2016 in Italy who had only indirect exposure to pigs. The patient developed a severe acute distress respiratory syndrome which was successfully supported by extracorporeal membrane oxygenation and treated with antiviral therapy. The sole risk factor for influenza was a body mass index > 30 kg/m(2). After a month of hospitalisation, the patient was discharged in good health. PMID: 28183395 [PubMed - in process]
Source: Euro Surveill - January 31, 2017 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Rovida F, Piralla A, Marzani FC, Moreno A, Campanini G, Mojoli F, Pozzi M, Girello A, Chiapponi C, Vezzoli F, Prati P, Percivalle E, Pavan A, Gramegna M, Iotti GA, Baldanti F Tags: Euro Surveill Source Type: research

African swine fever
Publication date: Available online 2 March 2019Source: Antiviral ResearchAuthor(s): L.K. Dixon, H. Sun, H. RobertsAbstractThe continuing spread of African swine fever (ASF) outside Africa in Europe, the Russian Federation, China and most recently to Mongolia and Vietnam, has heightened awareness of the threat posed by this devastating disease to the global pig industry and food security. In this review we summarise what we know about the African swine fever virus (ASFV), the disease it causes, how it spreads and the current global situation. We discuss current control methods in domestic and wild pigs and prospects for dev...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - March 5, 2019 Category: Virology Source Type: research

Identification of two novel neutralizing nanobodies against swine hepatitis E virus
In this study, nanobody anti-genotype four HEV open reading frame 2 (ORF2) was screened using phage display technology, and two nanobodies (nb14 and nb53) with high affinity were prokaryotically expressed. They were identified to block HEV ORF2 virus like particle (VLP) sp239 (aa 368–606) absorbing HepG2 cells in vitro. With the previously built animal model, the detection indicators of fecal shedding, viremia, seroconversion, alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels, and liver lesions showed that nb14 could completely protect rabbits from swine HEV infection, and nb53 partially blocked swine HEV infection in rabbits. Colle...
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - November 23, 2022 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

A dark-to-bright reporter cell for classical swine fever virus infection
This study described the generation of a dark-to-bright fluorescent reporter cells to facilitate in vitro studies of CSFV infection and replication. This assay was based on a novel reporter cell stably expressing the enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) fused in-frame to a quenching peptide via a special recognition sequence of the CSFV NS3 protease. Chromophore maturation of EGFP can be prevented by quenching peptide until the quenching peptide was specifically cleaved by NS3 protease during CSFV infection, making it a dark-to-bright reporter of CSFV infection. The result demonstrated that the CSFV-infected cells wer...
Source: Antiviral Therapy - March 15, 2015 Category: Virology Source Type: research