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Current state of the use of neuroimaging techniques to understand and alter appetite control in humans
Purpose of review It is in the brain where the decision is made what and how much to eat. In the last decades neuroimaging research has contributed extensively to new knowledge about appetite control by revealing the underlying brain processes. Interestingly, there is the fast growing idea of using these methods to develop new treatments for obesity and eating disorders. In this review, we summarize the findings of the importance of the use of neuropharmacology and neuroimaging techniques in understanding and modifying appetite control. Recent findings Appetite control is a complex interplay between homeostatic, hedon...
Source: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care - August 3, 2018 Category: Nutrition Tags: ASSESSMENT OF NUTRITIONAL AND METABOLIC STATUS: Edited by Dwight E. Matthews and Kristina Norman Source Type: research

Comparison of pregnancy outcomes between women with gestational diabetes and overt diabetes first diagnosed in pregnancy: A retrospective multi-institutional study in Japan
We examined pregnant women who met the former criteria for gestational diabetes mellitus and received dietary intervention with self-monitoring of blood glucose with or without insulin. Overt diabetes in pregnancy was defined as ≥2 abnormal values on 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, fasting glucose ≥126mg/dl (7.0mmol/l) and 2-h postprandial glucose ≥200mg/dl (11.1mmol/l), or glycated hemoglobin levels ≥6.5% (48mmol/mol).Results: Data were collected on 1267 women with gestational diabetes and 348 with overt diabetes in pregnancy. Pregestational body mass index was higher (26.2±6.1 vs. 24.9±5.7kg, P
Source: Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice - January 8, 2014 Category: Endocrinology Authors: T. Sugiyama, M. Saito, H. Nishigori, S. Nagase, N. Yaegashi, N. Sagawa, R. Kawano, K. Ichihara, M. Sanaka, S. Akazawa, S. Anazawa, M. Waguri, H. Sameshima, Y. Hiramatsu, N. Toyoda, the Japan Diabetes and Pregnancy Study Group Tags: Clinical Care and Education Source Type: research

Eating Disorders and the Brain
Eating disorders are biologically based brain illnesses influenced by environmental and psychological factors. Environmental risk factors for developing an eating disorder include weight and appearance pressures, media messaging, and weight bullying. Biological factors include dieting/food exposure, genetics, neurochemistry, neurobiology, and hormones (notably estrogen). Psychological factors include stress, life transitions, identity, trauma, anxiety, depression, and substance use. While risk factors predispose certain individuals to eating disorders, precipitating factors such as significantly altering how one eats or s...
Source: Psych Central - November 21, 2018 Category: Psychiatry Authors: Jillian Lampert, Ph.D., M.P.H., R.D., L.D., F.A.E.D. Tags: Anorexia Binge Eating Bulimia Bullying Children and Teens Eating Disorders Neuroscience Psychology Women's Issues Body Dysmorphia Body Image bulimia. food addiction Source Type: news

The Role of Religion, Spirituality and Fasting in Coping with Diabetes among Indian Migrants in Australia: A Qualitative Exploratory Study
This study explored the religious beliefs of Indian migrants in Australia and the influence of those beliefs on their diabetes self-management. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of 23 Indian migrants. All interviews were audio-recorded, transcribed verbatim and thematically analysed. Most participants believed that prayers helped them alleviate stress and improve diabetes management participants also believed that receiving blessings/prayers from religious leaders prevent or cure diseases including diabetes. There were mixed views on beliefs about using insulin obtained from animal sources...
Source: Journal of Religion and Health - October 6, 2021 Category: Medical Ethics Source Type: research

Diabetes, eating disorders and body image in young adults: an exploratory study about "diabulimia".
CONCLUSIONS: This study emphasizes the importance of research on DE in the population with diabetes and their prevention, screening and treatment. In particular, it is essential to give more attention to insulin omission as a compensatory behavior that is inappropriate and harmful to health. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE: Level III, case-control analytic study. PMID: 28597360 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Eating and weight disorders : EWD - June 8, 2017 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Authors: Falcão MA, Francisco R Tags: Eat Weight Disord Source Type: research

How to manage patients with eating disorders in the inpatient setting
Case Dr. Wimberly A 25-year-old female pharmacy student is brought to the emergency department by her parents after a presyncopal episode while at home for a school break. Her parents are concerned that she has lost quite a bit of weight over the last year. Initial vitals are notable for HR 38 and supine BP 110/70. Upon standing, BP decreases to 85/60 and HR increases to 115.  Labs are notable for slightly low potassium and normal serum phosphorus. BMI is 15.2.   Background Eating disorders (EDs) are serious psychiatric illnesses with significant morbidity and mortality. The Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental...
Source: The Hospitalist - March 1, 2022 Category: Hospital Management Authors: Ronda Whitaker Tags: Clinical Guidelines Eating Disorders Hospital Medicine Source Type: research

Sex differences in high fat diet-induced impairments to striatal Akt signaling and enhanced sensitivity to the behavioral effects of dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist quinpirole
Publication date: Available online 14 November 2017 Source:Physiology & Behavior Author(s): Jeremiah Ramos, Caroline Hernandez-Casner, Bryan Cruz, Katherine M. Serafine Eating a high fat laboratory chow enhances sensitivity of rats to the behavioral effects of drugs that act on dopamine systems (e.g., cocaine). Further, in male rats, eating high fat chow impairs expression of insulin signaling phosphorylated protein kinase B (pAkt), which is vital for maintaining dopamine homeostasis. Eating high fat chow enhances sensitivity of female rats to drugs that act indirectly on dopamine receptors (e.g., cocaine); howeve...
Source: Physiology and Behavior - November 15, 2017 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Negative childhood experiences and disordered eating in adolescents in a weight management program: The role of depressive symptoms.
DISCUSSION: Findings from the present study suggest that relatively common stressful events may be associated with development of disordered eating patterns in adolescents with overweight or obesity presenting to treatment. Providers working in weight management settings should consider assessing a range of potentially stressful life events and their potential weight-related implications. PMID: 32485589 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Eating Behaviors - May 21, 2020 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Authors: Darling KE, Ranzenhofer LM, Hadley W, Villalta D, Kasper V, Jelalian E Tags: Eat Behav Source Type: research

Cardiometabolic health impacts of time-restricted eating: implications for type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases
Purpose of review Time-restricted eating (TRE) entails consuming energy intake within a 4- to 10-h window, with the remaining time spent fasting. Although studies have reported health benefits from TRE, little is known about the impact of TRE on common chronic diseases such as type 2 diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular disease. This review summarizes and critically evaluates the most recent TRE research findings relevant to managing and treating these chronic diseases. Recent findings Most recent TRE studies have been in populations with overweight/obesity or metabolic syndrome; two have been in populations with...
Source: Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition and Metabolic Care - October 8, 2022 Category: Nutrition Tags: NUTRITION AND PHYSIOLOGICAL FUNCTION: Edited by Labros S. Sidossis and Carla Prado Source Type: research

Chocolate, Dairy And Fatty Foods Can Cause Acne, Study Finds
(CNN) — If you’re an acne sufferer who has long thought chocolate, sweets, dairy and other fatty foods made your acne worse — even though your doctor said it was all in your head, not your face — you’ve been vindicated. Consumption of milk, sugary drinks, and fatty and sugary foods does appear to be associated with breakouts of acne, according to a new study of nearly 25,000 French adults. The research was published Wednesday in the journal JAMA Dermatology. “This is an important study, and it adds to the body of evidence which has found that certain eating patterns may be one factor playing a r...
Source: WBZ-TV - Breaking News, Weather and Sports for Boston, Worcester and New Hampshire - June 10, 2020 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Health – CBS Boston Tags: Health News Syndicated CBSN Boston CNN Source Type: news

Satisfaction with diagnosis process for gestational diabetes mellitus and risk perception among Australian women
Conclusion Women were largely positive about their experience of GDM diagnosis. Explanation of the screening test and provision of information could be improved. Risk perception was reasonable.
Source: International Journal of Gynecology and Obstetrics - January 18, 2015 Category: OBGYN Source Type: research

Abstract IA43: Overview on obesity and cancer in diverse populations
Obesity is a serious and costly public health problem. In 2009-2010, more than one-third of U.S. adults (35.7%) and 17% of youth were reported to be obese. The epidemiological data suggest that obesity is markedly different among multiple racial and ethnic populations. According to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) reports, Non-Hispanic blacks have the highest age-adjusted rates of obesity (47.8%) followed by Hispanics (42.5%), non-Hispanic whites (32.6%), and non-Hispanic Asians (10.8%). Higher prevalence of adult obesity was found in the Midwest (29.5%) and the South (29.4%). Lower preval...
Source: Cancer Epidemiology Biomarkers and Prevention - September 30, 2015 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Das, R. Tags: Obesity, Metabolism, and Cancer: Oral Presentations - Invited Abstracts Source Type: research

Low carbohydrate ketogenic therapy as a metabolic treatment for binge eating and ultraprocessed food addiction
Purpose of review The aim of this study was to highlight the recent advancements and future directions for potential use of a low carbohydrate ketogenic dietary approach to treat binge eating and ultraprocessed food addiction. Herein, we explore proposed mechanisms of why a diet low in refined carbohydrates, processed sugar and higher fat content may be helpful in alleviating symptoms. Recent findings Emerging evidence suggests there may be a metabolic role in development of maladaptive eating. These findings broaden our understanding of eating psychopathology causes. Ultraprocessed, refined or high glycemic index car...
Source: Current Opinion in Endocrinology, Diabetes and Obesity - September 8, 2020 Category: Endocrinology Tags: OBESITY AND NUTRITION: Edited by Eric C. Westman Source Type: research

Development and validation of the Chrononutrition Profile - Diary
Eat Behav. 2022 Mar 15;45:101625. doi: 10.1016/j.eatbeh.2022.101625. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe circadian timing of food intake (i.e., chrononutrition) has been linked to various markers of health status, such as body weight and insulin sensitivity. However, a valid assessment of day-to-day, within-person patterns in chrononutrition has not yet been developed. This paper details the development and initial validity testing of the Chrononutrition Profile - Diary (CP-D). The CP-D assesses 6 components of chrononutrition that are likely to influence health (breakfast skipping, largest meal, evening eating, evening late...
Source: Eating Behaviors - March 20, 2022 Category: Eating Disorders & Weight Management Authors: Allison C Veronda Kelly C Allison Ross D Crosby Leah A Irish Source Type: research