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Infectious Disease: Gastroenteritis

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IJERPH, Vol. 18, Pages 3717: Presence of Campylobacter jejuni and C. coli in Dogs under Training for Animal-Assisted Therapies
This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of Campylobacter (C.) jejuni and C. coli in dogs at five dog training centers in Southern Italy. A total of 550 animals were sampled by collecting rectal swabs. The samples were processed to detect thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. by culture and molecular methods. Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 135/550 (24.5–95% confidence interval) dogs. A total of 84 C. jejuni (62.2%) and 51 C. coli (37.8%) isolates were identified using conventional PCR. The dog data (age, sex, breed, and eating habits) were examined by two statistical analyses using the C. jejuni and C. coli s...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - April 2, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Antonio Santaniello Lorena Varriale Ludovico Dipineto Luca Borrelli Antonino Pace Alessandro Fioretti Lucia Francesca Menna Tags: Article Source Type: research

IJERPH, Vol. 18, Pages 3717: Presence of Campylobacterjejuni and C. coli in Dogs under Training for Animal-Assisted Therapies
This study was conducted to evaluate the presence of Campylobacter (C.) jejuni and C. coli in dogs at five dog training centers in Southern Italy. A total of 550 animals were sampled by collecting rectal swabs. The samples were processed to detect thermotolerant Campylobacter spp. by culture and molecular methods. Campylobacter spp. were isolated from 135/550 (24.5–95% confidence interval) dogs. A total of 84 C. jejuni (62.2%) and 51 C. coli (37.8%) isolates were identified using conventional PCR. The dog data (age, sex, breed, and eating habits) were examined by two statistical analyses using the C. jejuni and C. coli s...
Source: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health - April 2, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Antonio Santaniello Lorena Varriale Ludovico Dipineto Luca Borrelli Antonino Pace Alessandro Fioretti Lucia Francesca Menna Tags: Article Source Type: research

Genotypes and public health potential of Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis in crab-eating macaques
Enterocytozoon bieneusi and Giardia duodenalis are common human and animal pathogens. Studies have increasingly shown that non-human primates (NHPs) are common hosts of these two zoonotic parasites. However, few ...
Source: Parasites and Vectors - May 22, 2019 Category: Microbiology Authors: Li Chen, Jianguo Zhao, Na Li, Yaqiong Guo, Yuanyuan Feng, Yaoyu Feng and Lihua Xiao Tags: Research Source Type: research

New Phase 3b Psoriatic Arthritis (PsA) Data Show First-in-Class TREMFYA ® (guselkumab) Achieved Robust Joint Symptom Improvement and Complete Skin Clearance in Patients with Inadequate Response to Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibition (TNFi-IR)
SPRING HOUSE, PENNSYLVANIA, June 2, 2021 – Today the Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson announced new efficacy and safety data for first-in-class TREMFYA® (guselkumab), including data from the first study evaluating a selective IL-23 inhibitor in adult patients with active PsA, all of whom had demonstrated inadequate response or intolerance to TNFi.1 In the COSMOS Phase 3b study, significantly higher proportions of patients treated with TREMFYA showed joint symptom improvement and complete skin clearance versus placebo at week 24 in this true TNFi-IRa patient population, which is often more diffic...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - June 2, 2021 Category: Pharmaceuticals Tags: Innovation Source Type: news

Janssen Presents Study Results Showing Clinical Efficacy for TREMFYA ® (guselkumab) and Long-Term Safety Profile for STELARA® (ustekinumab) for Patients Living with Inflammatory Bowel Disease at Digestive Disease Week® 2022
SPRING HOUSE, PENNSYLVANIA, May 24, 2022 – The Janssen Pharmaceutical Companies of Johnson & Johnson today announced new data from the Phase 2 GALAXI 1 clinical trial of TREMFYA® (guselkumab) in adult patients with moderately to severely active Crohn’s disease (CD), and from three separate long-term pooled analyses of adult patients with ulcerative colitis (UC) and CD treated with STELARA® (ustekinumab).1,2,3,4 These data are being presented as oral and poster presentations and are among 29 Janssen abstracts presented during the Digestive Disease Week® (DDW) meeting taking place in person and virtually in San Di...
Source: Johnson and Johnson - May 24, 2022 Category: Pharmaceuticals Source Type: news

Prevalence and associated factors of acute gastroenteritis in children and adolescents aged from 6 to 17 years old: a cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey database 1999-2018
Conclusion The monthly prevalence of AGE was 7.69% and showed a downward trend from 1999 to 2018 in the USA.
Source: BMJ Open - February 23, 2023 Category: General Medicine Authors: Cai, H., Shao, Y., Yu, W. Tags: Open access, Gastroenterology and hepatology Source Type: research

First steps in automatic summarization of transcription factor properties for RegulonDB: classification of sentences about structural domains and regulated processes
AbstractThe RegulonDB (http://regulondb.ccg.unam.mx) team generates manually elaborated summaries about transcription factors (TFs) ofEscherichia coli K-12. These texts involve considerable effort, since they summarize a diverse collection of structural, mechanistic and physiological properties of TFs and, due to constant new research, ideally they require frequent updating. In natural language processing, several techniques for automatic summarization have been developed. Therefore, our proposal is to extract, by using those techniques, relevant information about TFs for assisting the curation and elaboration of the manua...
Source: Database : The Journal of Biological Databases and Curation - September 26, 2017 Category: Databases & Libraries Source Type: research

Stressing Escherichia coli to educate students about research: A CURE to investigate multiple levels of gene regulation
Abstract Course‐based undergraduate research experiences (CUREs) have been shown to increase student retention and learning in the biological sciences. Most CURES cover only one aspect of gene regulation, such as transcriptional control. Here we present a new inquiry‐based lab that engages understanding of gene expression from multiple perspectives. Students carry out a forward genetic screen to identify regulators of the stationary phase master regulator RpoS in the model organism Escherichia coli and then use a series of reporter fusions to determine if the regulation is at the level of transcription or the post‐tr...
Source: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology Education - March 4, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Janet McDonough, Lara K. Goudsouzian, Agllai Papaj, Ashley R. Maceli, Vanja Klepac ‐Ceraj, Celeste N. Peterson Tags: Curriculum Development Source Type: research

Isolation and Bacteriocin-Related Typing of Streptococcus dentisani
In conclusion, probiotic strain 7746 might antagonize the initiation and progression of dental caries by reducing S. mutans if not too abundant. S. dentisani strains inhibit each other, but strains with similar bacteriocin-related gene clusters, including immunity genes, are able to co-exist due to cross-resistance. In addition, development of resistance and adaptation to 7746-bacteriocins was observed during our study and needs attention. Hence, mechanisms underlying such processes need to be further investigated using omics-approaches. On the manufacturing level, probiotic strains should be continuously tested for functi...
Source: Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology - April 15, 2019 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Identification, cloning and expression analysis of an alpha-CGTase produced by stain Y112
Publication date: Available online 27 July 2017 Source:Protein Expression and Purification Author(s): Jian-Hua Hao, Li-Ping Huang, Xiao-tong Chen, Jing-Jing Sun, Jun-Zhong Liu, Wei wang, Mi Sun Cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase (CGTase) is an enzyme able to convert starch and other substrates into cyclodextrins (CDs). A marine strain Y112 producing α-CGTase was identified as Bacillus agaradhaerens Y112 by physiological and biochemical characterization, and 16S rDNA analysis. The gene coding for α-CGTase was cloned, sequenced and expressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. Recombinant α-CGTase was purified in one-ste...
Source: Protein Expression and Purification - July 28, 2017 Category: Biochemistry Source Type: research

Campylobacter sp.: Pathogenicity factors and prevention methods-new molecular targets for innovative antivirulence drugs?
Abstract Infections caused by bacterial species from the genus Campylobacter are one of the four main causes of strong diarrheal enteritis worldwide. Campylobacteriosis, a typical food-borne disease, can range from mild symptoms to fatal illness. About 550 million people worldwide suffer from campylobacteriosis and lethality is about 33 million p.a. This review summarizes the state of the current knowledge on Campylobacter with focus on its specific virulence factors. Using this knowledge, multifactorial prevention strategies can be implemented to reduce the prevalence of Campylobacter in the food chain. In partic...
Source: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology - November 18, 2020 Category: Microbiology Authors: Kreling V, Falcone FH, Kehrenberg C, Hensel A Tags: Appl Microbiol Biotechnol Source Type: research

Fungi from Brazilian Savannah and Atlantic rainforest show high antibacterial and antifungal activity
This study reports the isolation of new fungal strains from Brazilian biomes, aiming the biotechnological production of antimicrobial compounds against important microorganisms in the field of foodborne diseases, and difficult healing infections. First, 169 filamentous fungi were isolated from soil samples of Savannah and Atlantic Rainforest biomes in São Paulo State. The isolates were investigated about their inhibitory effect on the growth of five microorganisms (Bacillus cereus, Staphylococcus aureus subsp. aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella enterica subsp. enterica and Candida albicans), by microdillution assay. Aro...
Source: Biocatalysis and Agricultural Biotechnology - February 1, 2017 Category: Biotechnology Source Type: research

Time series study of weather, water quality, and acute gastroenteritis at Water Safety Plan implementation sites in France and Spain.
Abstract Water Safety Plans (WSPs), recommended by the World Health Organization since 2004, can help drinking water suppliers to proactively identify potential risks and implement preventive barriers that improve safety. Few studies have investigated long-term impacts of WSPs, such as changes in drinking water quality or public health; however, some evidence from high-income countries associates WSP implementation with a reduction in diarrheal disease. To validate the previously observed linkages between WSPs and health outcomes, this time series study examined site-specific relationships between water-related ex...
Source: International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental health - April 6, 2018 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Setty KE, Enault J, Loret JF, Puigdomenech Serra C, Martin-Alonso J, Bartram J Tags: Int J Hyg Environ Health Source Type: research

Molecular typing of Giardia duodenalis in cattle, sheep and goats in an arid area of central Iran.
This study provides the first insight into Giardia infection in slaughtered livestock in Iran. Although the prevalence of infection with Giardia in this hot-arid area of Iran was low, educating people about direct contact with livestock such as farmers and abattoirs workers about this zoonotic infection is important. PMID: 31494270 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: Infection, Genetics and Evolution - September 4, 2019 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Authors: Kiani-Salmi N, Fattahi-Bafghi A, Astani A, Sazmand A, Zahedi A, Firoozi Z, Ebrahimi B, Dehghani-Tafti A, Ryan U, Akrami-Mohajeri F Tags: Infect Genet Evol Source Type: research