Filtered By:
Infectious Disease: Borrelia

This page shows you your search results in order of date.

Order by Relevance | Date

Total 23 results found since Jan 2013.

Microorganisms in the ticks Amblyomma dissimile Koch 1844 and Amblyomma rotundatum Koch 1844 collected from snakes in Brazil
The objective of this study was to investigate tick infestations on snakes (Reptilia: Squamata: Serpentes) arriving at the serpentarium at the Institute Vital Brazil, Rio de Janeiro. Some of the identified ticks were individually tested for the presence of bacteria of the generaRickettsia (Rickettsiales: Rickettsiaceae),Borrelia (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae),Coxiella (Legionellales: Coxiellaceae),Bartonella (Rhizobiales: Bartonellaceae),Ehrlichia (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae),Anaplasma (Rickettsiales: Anaplasmataceae), and Apicomplexa protozoa of the generaBabesia (Piroplasmida: Babesiidae) andHepatozoon (Eucoccidio...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - November 28, 2018 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: M. Ogrzewalska, C. Machado, T. Rozental, D. Forneas, L. E. Cunha, E. R. S. de Lemos Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Prevalence and distribution of Borrelia and Babesia species in ticks feeding on dogs in the U.K.
In this study, ticks were collected from dogs by veterinarians participating in a U.K.‐wide tick surveillance programme. The ticks were subjected to polymerase chain reaction and sequence analysis for detection of Borrelia burgdorferi s.l. and Babesia spp. pathogens, the distributions of which were mapped. DNA of B. burgdorferi s.l. and Babesia spp. was detected in 2.0% and 1.5% of the ticks analysed, respectively. The results map a widespread distribution of the two pathogens in the U.K.
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - August 28, 2017 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: S. ABDULLAH, C. HELPS, S. TASKER, H. NEWBURY, R. WALL Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Comparison of Vector Efficiency of Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) From the Northeast and Upper Midwest of the United States for the Lyme Disease Spirochete Borrelia mayonii
Borrelia mayonii, a recently recognized species within the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex, has been detected in host-seeking Ixodes scapularis Say ticks and found to be associated with Lyme disease in the Upper Midwest. This spirochete has, to date, not been documented from the Northeast, but we previously demonstrated that I. scapularis ticks originating from Connecticut are capable of serving as a vector of B. mayonii. In this follow-up study, we compared the vector efficiency for B. mayonii (strain MN14-1420) of I. scapularis ticks originating from Minnesota in the Upper Midwest and Connecticut in the Northeast...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - January 11, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Eisen, L., Breuner, N. E., Hojgaard, A., Hoxmeier, J. C., Pilgard, M. A., Replogle, A. J., Biggerstaff, B. J., Dolan, M. C. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Presence of Borrelia turdi and Borrelia valaisiana (Spirochaetales: Spirochaetaceae) in Ticks Removed From Birds in the North of Spain, 2009-2011
This study corroborates the presence of B. turdi and B. valaisiana in ticks from birds in the north of Spain. The presence of these bacteria in larval specimens could suggest the role of birds as their reservoirs, or the occurrence of the cofeeding phenomenon. In addition, the detection of B. turdi and B. valaisiana in H. punctata and I. frontalis ticks, respectively, is reported for the first time.
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - January 11, 2017 Category: Biology Authors: Palomar, A. M., Portillo, A., Santibanez, P., Mazuelas, D., Roncero, L., Gutierrez, O., Oteo, J. A. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Critical Evaluation of the Linkage Between Tick-Based Risk Measures and the Occurrence of Lyme Disease Cases
The nymphal stage of the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, is considered the primary vector to humans in the eastern United States of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi sensu stricto. The abundance of infected host-seeking nymphs is commonly used to estimate the fundamental risk of human exposure to B. burgdorferi, for the purpose of environmental risk assessment and as an outcome measure when evaluating environmentally based tick or pathogen control methods. However, as this tick-based risk measure does not consider the likelihoods of either human encounters with infected ticks or tick bites resulting...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 2, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Eisen, L., Eisen, R. J. Tags: Forum Source Type: research

Evidence for Personal Protective Measures to Reduce Human Contact With Blacklegged Ticks and for Environmentally Based Control Methods to Suppress Host-Seeking Blacklegged Ticks and Reduce Infection with Lyme Disease Spirochetes in Tick Vectors and Rodent Reservoirs
In the 1980s, the blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, and rodents were recognized as the principal vector and reservoir hosts of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi in the eastern United States, and deer were incriminated as principal hosts for I. scapularis adults. These realizations led to pioneering studies aiming to reduce the risk for transmission of B. burgdorferi to humans by attacking host-seeking ticks with acaricides, interrupting the enzootic transmission cycle by killing immatures infesting rodent reservoirs by means of acaricide-treated nesting material, or reducing deer abundance to suppress...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 2, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Eisen, L., Dolan, M. C. Tags: Review Source Type: research

Modeling the Geographic Distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Contiguous United States
In addition to serving as vectors of several other human pathogens, the black-legged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, and western black-legged tick, Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls, are the primary vectors of the spirochete (Borrelia burgdorferi) that causes Lyme disease, the most common vector-borne disease in the United States. Over the past two decades, the geographic range of I. pacificus has changed modestly while, in contrast, the I. scapularis range has expanded substantially, which likely contributes to the concurrent expansion in the distribution of human Lyme disease cases in the Northeastern, North-Central and Mid...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - September 2, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Hahn, M. B., Jarnevich, C. S., Monaghan, A. J., Eisen, R. J. Tags: Sampling, Distribution, Dispersal Source Type: research

Impact of white ‐tailed deer on the spread of Borrelia burgdorferi
This study examines the pathogen prevalence rate of Borrelia in adult Ixodes scapularis (Ixodida: Ixodidae), the black‐legged tick, collected from white‐tailed deer and compares it with pathogen prevalence rates in adult ticks gathered by dragging vegetation in two contiguous counties west of the Hudson Valley in upstate New York. In both Broome and Chenango Counties, attached and unattached ticks harvested from white‐tailed deer had significantly lower prevalences of B. burgdorferi than those collected from vegetation. No attached ticks on deer (n = 148) in either county, and only 2.4 and 7.3% of unattached ti...
Source: Medical and Veterinary Entomology - August 31, 2016 Category: Veterinary Research Authors: A. ROOME, L. HILL, V. AL ‐FEGHALI, C. G. MURNOCK, J. A. GOODSELL, R. SPATHIS, R. M. GARRUTO Tags: Original Article Source Type: research

Prevalence of Tick-Borne Pathogens in Host-Seeking Amblyomma americanum (Acari: Ixodidae) and Odocoileus virginianus (Artiodactyla: Cervidae) in Florida
Amblyomma americanum (L.), the lone star tick, is an aggressive tick that is expanding its geographic range within the United States. This tick is the vector for the human and veterinary pathogens Ehrlichia chaffeensis and Ehrlichia ewingii and is associated with other microbes of unspecified pathogenicity including Rickettsia amblyommii, Panola Mountain Ehrlichia, and Borrelia lonestari. In Florida, there has been sparse contemporary data on the prevalence of these organisms in host-seeking lone star ticks. To determine the prevalence of this tick and associated microbes in North Central Florida state parks, ~1,500 lone s...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - June 29, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Sayler, K. A., Loftis, A. D., Beatty, S. K., Boyce, C. L., Garrison, E., Clemons, B., Cunningham, M., Alleman, A. R., Barbet, A. F. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research

An Expanded Reverse Line Blot Hybridization Protocol for the Simultaneous Detection of Numerous Tick-Borne Pathogens in North America
We describe an expanded protocol using a combination of multiplex polymerase chain reaction and reverse line blot hybridization to detect a greater diversity of infectious agents than were previously detectable. Ten novel oligonucleotide probes, either individually or in concert, enabled or enhanced identification of six Borrelia species, three Rickettsia species, and one Ehrlichia species. Simultaneous detection of these numerous tick-borne pathogens can advance surveillance efforts and improve accuracy of detection and, thus, reporting.
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - May 19, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Fredericks, L. P., Forgacs, D., Yu, J., Allan, B. F. Tags: Short Communication Source Type: research

Linkages of Weather and Climate With Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae), Enzootic Transmission of Borrelia burgdorferi, and Lyme Disease in North America
Lyme disease has increased both in incidence and geographic extent in the United States and Canada over the past two decades. One of the underlying causes is changes during the same time period in the distribution and abundance of the primary vectors: Ixodes scapularis Say and Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls in eastern and western North America, respectively. Aside from short periods of time when they are feeding on hosts, these ticks exist in the environment where temperature and relative humidity directly affect their development, survival, and host-seeking behavior. Other important factors that strongly influence tick...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Eisen, R. J., Eisen, L., Ogden, N. H., Beard, C. B. Tags: Forum Source Type: research

County-Scale Distribution of Ixodes scapularis and Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) in the Continental United States
The blacklegged tick, Ixodes scapularis Say, is the primary vector to humans in the eastern United States of the Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi, as well as causative agents of anaplasmosis and babesiosis. Its close relative in the far western United States, the western blacklegged tick Ixodes pacificus Cooley and Kohls, is the primary vector to humans in that region of the Lyme disease and anaplasmosis agents. Since 1991, when standardized surveillance and reporting began, Lyme disease case counts have increased steadily in number and in geographical distribution in the eastern United States. Similar trends h...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Eisen, R. J., Eisen, L., Beard, C. B. Tags: Sampling, Distribution, Dispersal Source Type: research

Infection of Immature Ixodes scapularis (Acari: Ixodidae) by Membrane Feeding
A reduction in the use of animals in infectious disease research is desirable for animal welfare as well as for simplification and standardization of experiments. An artificial silicone-based membrane-feeding system was adapted for complete engorgement of adult and nymphal Ixodes scapularis Say (Acari: Ixodidae), and for infecting nymphs with pathogenic, tick-borne bacteria. Six wild-type and genetically transformed strains of four species of bacteria were inoculated into sterile bovine blood and fed to ticks. Pathogens were consistently detected in replete nymphs by polymerase chain reaction. Adult ticks that ingested bac...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Oliver, J. D., Lynn, G. E., Burkhardt, N. Y., Price, L. D., Nelson, C. M., Kurtti, T. J., Munderloh, U. G. Tags: Vector/Pathogen/Host Interaction, Transmission Source Type: research

Specifying Pathogen Associations of Amblyomma maculatum (Acari: Ixodidae) in Western Tennessee
The objective was to determine pathogen associations within questing and host-collected A. maculatum, and identify ecological factors associated with pathogen infection that may increase the effectiveness of surveillance methods. Of 265 ticks tested, 60 (22.6%) were infected with R. parkeri, and 15 (5.7%) with Candidatus Rickettsia andeanae, a Rickettsia of unknown pathogenicity. Two deer-collected ticks tested positive for Ehrlichia ewingii. No ticks were positive for Anaplasma or Borrelia species. None of the ecological factors tested (collection month, collection source, sex, and habitat type) were associated with R. pa...
Source: Journal of Medical Entomology - March 8, 2016 Category: Biology Authors: Mays, S. E., Houston, A. E., Trout Fryxell, R. T. Tags: Vector-Borne Diseases, Surveillance, Prevention Source Type: research