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Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4672: An Observatory for the MET Oncogene: A Guide for Targeted Therapies
lio The MET proto-oncogene encodes a pivotal tyrosine kinase receptor, binding the hepatocyte growth factor (HGF, also known as scatter factor, SF) and governing essential biological processes such as organogenesis, tissue repair, and angiogenesis. The pleiotropic physiological functions of MET explain its diverse role in cancer progression in a broad range of tumors; genetic/epigenetic alterations of MET drive tumor cell dissemination, metastasis, and acquired resistance to conventional and targeted therapies. Therefore, targeting MET emerged as a promising strategy, and many efforts were devoted to identifying the op...
Source: Cancers - September 21, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dogus M. Altintas Paolo M. Comoglio Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4653: Nuclear Estrogen Receptors in Prostate Cancer: From Genes to Function
arini Estrogens are almost ubiquitous steroid hormones that are essential for development, metabolism, and reproduction. They exert both genomic and non-genomic action through two nuclear receptors (ERα and ERβ), which are transcription factors with disregulated functions and/or expression in pathological processes. In the 1990s, the discovery of an additional membrane estrogen G-protein-coupled receptor augmented the complexity of this picture. Increasing evidence elucidating the specific molecular mechanisms of action and opposing effects of ERα and Erβ was report...
Source: Cancers - September 20, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Silvia Belluti Carol Imbriano Livio Casarini Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4645: Natural Products and Small Molecules Targeting Cellular Ceramide Metabolism to Enhance Apoptosis in Cancer Cells
Pashikanti Molecular targeting strategies have been used for years in order to control cancer progression and are often based on targeting various enzymes involved in metabolic pathways. Keeping this in mind, it is essential to determine the role of each enzyme in a particular metabolic pathway. In this review, we provide in-depth information on various enzymes such as ceramidase, sphingosine kinase, sphingomyelin synthase, dihydroceramide desaturase, and ceramide synthase which are associated with various types of cancers. We also discuss the physicochemical properties of well-studied inhibitors with natural product ...
Source: Cancers - September 20, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Farjana Afrin Sameena Mateen Jordan Oman James C. K. Lai Jared J. Barrott Srinath Pashikanti Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4631: Insights into Melanoma Clinical Practice: A Perspective for Future Research
Conclusions: The respondents indicated that the use of multiple IHC markers is essential to facilitate diagnostic accuracy in melanoma assessment. Survey responses indicate there is an urgent need to develop new biomarkers for clinical decision making at multiple critical intervention points.
Source: Cancers - September 19, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Giang T. Lam Carmela Martini Tiffany Brooks Sarita Prabhakaran Ashley M. Hopkins Ben S.-Y. Ung Jingying Tang Maria C. Caruso Robert D. Brooks Ian R. D. Johnson Alexandra Sorvina Shane M. Hickey Litsa Karageorgos Sonja Klebe John J. O ’Leary Douglas A. B Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4619: Repurposing Clemastine to Target Glioblastoma Cell Stemness
hristopher J. Pirozzi Yiping He Brain tumor-initiating cells (BTICs) and tumor cell plasticity promote glioblastoma (GBM) progression. Here, we demonstrate that clemastine, an over-the-counter drug for treating hay fever and allergy symptoms, effectively attenuated the stemness and suppressed the propagation of primary BTIC cultures bearing PDGFRA amplification. These effects on BTICs were accompanied by altered gene expression profiling indicative of their more differentiated states, resonating with the activity of clemastine in promoting the differentiation of normal oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs) into mat...
Source: Cancers - September 18, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Michael A. Sun Rui Yang Heng Liu Wenzhe Wang Xiao Song Bo Hu Nathan Reynolds Kristen Roso Lee H. Chen Paula K. Greer Stephen T. Keir Roger E. McLendon Shi-Yuan Cheng Darell D. Bigner David M. Ashley Christopher J. Pirozzi Yiping He Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4613: Significance of 8-OHdG Expression as a Predictor of Survival in Colorectal Cancer
n Jung Ho Kim The incidence of colorectal cancer (CRC) is increasing worldwide. 8-hydroxy-2′-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG), one of the most prevalent DNA alterations, is known to be upregulated in several carcinomas; however, 8-OHdG has not been used to predict the prognosis of patients with CRC. We aimed to determine 8-OHdG levels in patients with CRC using immunohistochemistry and conducted a survival analysis according to the pathological stage. The 5-year event-free survival (EFS) and disease-specific survival (DSS) hazard ratios (HRs) of the low 8-OHdG subgroup were 1.41 (95% confidence interval (CI): 1....
Source: Cancers - September 18, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Myunghee Kang Soyeon Jeong Sungjin Park Seungyoon Nam Jun-Won Chung Kyoung Oh Kim Jungsuk An Jung Ho Kim Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4600: Sarcopenia Diagnosis and Management in Hematological Malignancies and Differences with Cachexia and Frailty
The objective of clinical assessment focused on sarcopenia is to be able to carry out a “tailor-made treatment”.
Source: Cancers - September 16, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Giuseppe Ferdinando Colloca Andrea Bellieni Beatrice Di Capua Marialuisa Iervolino Serena Bracci Domenico Fusco Luca Tagliaferri Francesco Landi Vincenzo Valentini Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4573: Mechanisms of Resistance to Small Molecules in Acute Myeloid Leukemia
e Frick In recent years, great progress has been made in the therapy of AML by targeting cellular processes associated with specific molecular features of the disease. Various small molecules inhibiting FLT3, IDH1/IDH2, and BCL2 have already gained approval from the respective authorities and are essential parts of personalized therapeutic regimens in modern therapy of AML. Unfortunately, primary and secondary resistance to these inhibitors is a frequent problem. Here, we comprehensively review the current state of knowledge regarding molecular processes involved in primary and secondary resistance to these agents, cov...
Source: Cancers - September 15, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Tonio Johannes Lukas Lang Frederik Damm Lars Bullinger Mareike Frick Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4559: G1 Dynamics at the Crossroads of Pluripotency and Cancer
ook G1 cell cycle phase dynamics are regulated by intricate networks involving cyclins, cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs), and CDK inhibitors, which control G1 progression and ensure proper cell cycle transitions. Moreover, adequate origin licensing in G1 phase, the first committed step of DNA replication in the subsequent S phase, is essential to maintain genome integrity. In this review, we highlight the intriguing parallels and disparities in G1 dynamics between stem cells and cancer cells, focusing on their regulatory mechanisms and functional outcomes. Notably, SOX2, OCT4, KLF4, and the pluripotency reprogramming fa...
Source: Cancers - September 14, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Dalia Fleifel Jeanette Gowen Cook Tags: Review Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4556: Enhancing Lung Cancer Classification through Integration of Liquid Biopsy Multi-Omics Data with Machine Learning Techniques
Sang-Won Um Min-Seob Lee Early detection of lung cancer is crucial for patient survival and treatment. Recent advancements in next-generation sequencing (NGS) analysis enable cell-free DNA (cfDNA) liquid biopsy to detect changes, like chromosomal rearrangements, somatic mutations, and copy number variations (CNVs), in cancer. Machine learning (ML) analysis using cancer markers is a highly promising tool for identifying patterns and anomalies in cancers, making the development of ML-based analysis methods essential. We collected blood samples from 92 lung cancer patients and 80 healthy individuals to analyze the di...
Source: Cancers - September 14, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Hyuk-Jung Kwon Ui-Hyun Park Chul Jun Goh Dabin Park Yu Gyeong Lim Isaac Kise Lee Woo-Jung Do Kyoung Joo Lee Hyojung Kim Seon-Young Yun Joungsu Joo Na Young Min Sunghoon Lee Sang-Won Um Min-Seob Lee Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4539: Prognostic Value of Necroptosis-Related Genes Signature in Oral Squamous Cell Carcinoma
In conclusion, the high expression of NRG prognostic signature is associated with poor prognosis in OSCC, and HPRT1 can serve as a novel independent prognostic factor for OSCC.
Source: Cancers - September 13, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ke Huang Xiaoting Gu Huimei Xu Hui Li Mingxuan Shi Defang Wei Shiqi Wang Yao Li Bin Liu Yi Li Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4482: High Tumoral STMN1 Expression Is Associated with Malignant Potential and Poor Prognosis in Patients with Neuroblastoma
Conclusion. Our data suggest that assessing STMN1 expression in neuroblastoma could be a powerful indicator of prognosis and that STMN1 might be a promising therapeutic candidate against refractory neuroblastoma with and without MYCN amplification.
Source: Cancers - September 8, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Kenjiro Ogushi Takehiko Yokobori Sumihito Nobusawa Takahiro Shirakura Junko Hirato Bilguun Erkhem-Ochir Haruka Okami Gendensuren Dorjkhorloo Akira Nishi Makoto Suzuki Sayaka Otake Hiroshi Saeki Ken Shirabe Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4439: F-box DNA Helicase 1 (FBH1) Contributes to the Destabilization of DNA Damage Repair Machinery in Human Cancers
etreaca Homologous recombination (HR) is the major mechanism of rescue of stalled replication forks or repair of DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) during S phase or mitosis. In human cells, HR is facilitated by the BRCA2-BRCA1-PALB2 module, which loads the RAD51 recombinase onto a resected single-stranded DNA end to initiate repair. Although the process is essential for error-free repair, unrestrained HR can cause chromosomal rearrangements and genome instability. F-box DNA Helicase 1 (FBH1) antagonizes the role of BRCA2-BRCA1-PALB2 to restrict hyper-recombination and prevent genome instability. Here, we analyzed reporte...
Source: Cancers - September 6, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Alizhah J. Watson Michaela L. Shaffer Renee A. Bouley Ruben C. Petreaca Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4435: Surgical Anatomy of the Microscopic and Endoscopic Transorbital Approach to the Middle Fossa and Cavernous Sinus: Anatomo-Radiological Study with Clinical Applications
Conclusions: TOAs are indicated in selected cases when tumor involves the lateral portion of the cavernous sinus or the middle skull base, obtaining a direct decompression of the optic nerve and avoiding excessive manipulation of the neurovascular structures. Comprehension of surgical anatomy of the orbit and its surrounding structures is essential to safely perform these approaches.
Source: Cancers - September 6, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Simona Serioli Mariagrazia Nizzola Pedro Plou Alessandro De Bonis Jenna Meyer Luciano C. P. C. Leonel Andrea A. Tooley Lilly H. Wagner Elizabeth A. Bradley Jamie J. Van Gompel Maria Elena Benini Iacopo Dallan Maria Peris-Celda Tags: Article Source Type: research

Cancers, Vol. 15, Pages 4374: Potential Biomarkers Associated with Prognosis and Trastuzumab Response in HER2+ Breast Cancer
In conclusion, we demonstrate that combined therapies are encouraging since low doses of Tz/T-DM1 + Lp inhibit metastatic processes by downregulating critical protein expression and affecting its subcellular localization. We propose that vinculin and cortactin might contribute to Tz-sensibility/resistance in BC cells. Finally, we identify potential prognostic and predictive biomarkers that are promising for personalized BC management that would allow efficient patient selection in order to mitigate resistance and maximize the safety and efficacy of anti-HER2 therapies.
Source: Cancers - September 1, 2023 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: Ana Carla Castro-Guijarro Angel Matias Sanchez Marina In és Flamini Tags: Article Source Type: research

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