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Fight Aging! Newsletter, July 17th 2023
In conclusion, the longevity-associated genotype of FLT1 may confer increased lifespan by protecting against mortality risk posed by hypertension. We suggest that FLT1 expression in individuals with longevity genotype boosts vascular endothelial resilience mechanisms to counteract hypertension-related stress in vital organs and tissues. Resistance Exercise Slows the Onset of Pathology in a Mouse Model of Alzheimer's Disease https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2023/07/resistance-exercise-slows-the-onset-of-pathology-in-a-mouse-model-of-alzheimers-disease/ With the caveat that mouse models of Alzheimer's...
Source: Fight Aging! - July 16, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Reviewing Efforts to Use Cells and Scaffolds to Regenerate the Heart
The heart is one of the least regenerative tissues in the body. Damage resulting from loss of blood flow during a heart attack leads to scarring and loss of function, rather than any meaningful degree of regeneration. While preventing the atherosclerosis that causes occlusion of blood vessels is the most desirable goal, finding ways to repair a damaged heart is also a high priority for the research community. Many groups have worked towards regenerative therapies based on delivery of cells and scaffolding material, even layers of artificial tissue made by combining the two, but progress has been frustratingly slow. ...
Source: Fight Aging! - July 12, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs

Ductus Dependent Circulation
Ductus dependent circulation is one in which a patent ductus arteriosus is useful in maintaining the circulation after birth. It is important to rule out such conditions before any PDA closure is planned. PDA dependent circulations can be PDA dependent pulmonary circulation, PDA dependent systemic circulation and PDA dependent mixed circulation. The first group includes pulmonary atresia, tricuspid atresia and tetralogy of Fallot with pulmonary atresia. In those cases, post natal physiological constriction of ductus arteriosus can cause severe hypoxemia, cyanosis and even death. In these cases, there is severe restriction...
Source: Cardiophile MD - June 13, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

COAPT Trial of Transcatheter Mitral Valve Repair in Patients with Heart Failure
Patients with heart failure and left ventricular dilatation may have secondary or functional mitral regurgitation. This is due to alteration of the left ventricular geometry producing changes in the functioning of papillary muscles and chordae tendineae and poor coaptation of the mitral leaflets. Secondary mitral regurgitation causes volume overloading of the left ventricle and is associated with reduced survival, increased hospitalization rates and decreased quality of life [1, 2]. Secondary mitral regurgitation can be reduced by guideline directed medical therapy and cardiac resynchronization therapy. This will also pro...
Source: Cardiophile MD - June 5, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Structural Heart Disease Interventions Source Type: blogs

Clinical Examination of Cardiovascular System For Medical Students
Discussion on blood pressure is not included here as a separate topic is dedicated to it. Though the most commonly examined pulse is the radial, to check some of the characteristics, a more proximal pulse like the brachial or carotid needs to be examined. Following parameters of the pulse are routinely documented: 1. The rate: Normal rate in adult is 60-100 per minute. It is higher in children. Younger the child, higher the pulse rate. Rhythm: Regular and irregular rhythms are possible. Mild variation with respiration is called respiratory sinus arrhythmia, with higher rate in inspiration. Respiratory sinus arrhythmia may...
Source: Cardiophile MD - May 30, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 20th 2023
This study also provides the potential for de novo generation of complex organs in vivo. T Cells May Play a Role in the Brain Inflammation Characteristic of Neurodegenerative Conditions https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2023/03/t-cells-may-play-a-role-in-the-brain-inflammation-characteristic-of-neurodegenerative-conditions/ Alzheimer's disease, and other forms of neurodegenerative condition, are characterized by chronic inflammation in brain tissue. Unresolved inflammatory signaling is disruptive of tissue structure and function. Here, researchers provide evidence for T cells to become involved in this...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 19, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Illustrating that Inflammation is Important in the Progression of Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis is a condition of macrophage dysfunction. Macrophages are responsible for clearing the excess and oxidized cholesterol that finds its way into blood vessel walls, but they falter at this task with advancing age. In part this is due to the inflammatory environment, which induces changes in the behavior of macrophages, tipping the balance of activities away from repair and towards further amplication of inflammatory signaling. The research noted here demonstrates the relevance of chronic inflammation to the progression of atherosclerosis in a population of patients on statins, looking at risk of subsequent ca...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 13, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs

Primary PCI and its silent encounter with “ myocardial neutrophilia ”
Myocardial infarction,  a gross pathological entity renamed now as STEMI for clinical purposes, is the most famous medical emergency that triggers a series of calls. Right from 911/First medical contact, the ER, that ends up in CCU or a 24/7 cath lab. The heart, can’t wait for all these external responses when it is challenged with a vascular accident. The moment ATO occurs, two things happen. The endogenous fibrinolytic led by native tissue PA (Tpa) tries to get rid of the thrombotic plug by all its means. It succeeds in 15%. We call it spontaneous lysis or aborted MI. Many lives are lost in the remaining before th...
Source: Dr.S.Venkatesan MD - February 1, 2023 Category: Cardiology Authors: dr s venkatesan Tags: Uncategorized myocardial neutrophilia Source Type: blogs

Important risk factors for aortic dissection
Most common risk factor for aortic dissection in the International Registry of Acute Aortic Dissection (IRAD) was hypertension. Hypertension was noted in 76.6% in the IRAD, while Marfan syndrome was noted only in 4.4% and diabetes mellitus in 7.8%. Twenty year data from IRAD has been published. It is a study involving over 7300 cases from over 51 sites in 12 countries. Two thirds were type A dissection and one third type B. Two thirds were men and the mean age was 63 years. In general type A cases underwent surgery and type B cases underwent endovascular repair. There has been a decrease in overall in hospital mortality i...
Source: Cardiophile MD - November 22, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

What is a bidirectional Glenn procedure (BDG)? Cardiology Basics
Bidirectional Glenn procedure is done for children with some types of cyanotic congenital heart diseases.  The classical Glenn procedure is an end to end anastomosis of the superior vena cava to the right pulmonary artery so that the superior vena caval venous blood does not reach the left pulmonary artery. Bidirectional Glenn (BDG) procedure is an end to side anastomosis of superior vena cava to the right pulmonary artery. Main pulmonary artery is then divided and sutured. BDG helps flow into both pulmonary arteries. BDG is usually followed later by a Fontan repair. BDG is performed in patients with anatomical or fu...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 24, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Rheumatic heart disease – Cardiology Basics
Rheumatic heart disease – Cardiology Basics Rheumatic heart disease is a group diseases which occur secondary to heart valve damage from rheumatic fever. Rheumatic fever is a disease in which antibodies produced by the body against streptococci cross react with different tissues in the body, especially the heart. Group A beta hemolytic streptococci causing sore throat are involved in the pathogenesis of rheumatic fever. Most of the long term damage following rheumatic fever is caused by damage to heart valves . Initial manifestation of rheumatic fever is with polyarthritis, usually of the large joints. But it does no...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 22, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Heart disease in pregnancy? Cardiology Basics
Changes in blood circulation during pregnancy and labour can adversely affect many of the significant heart diseases. Increase in blood volume and heart rate are the important factors during pregnancy. Increase in blood volume is needed to give enough nutrients and oxygen to the growing baby. Nutrients and oxygen are transferred to the baby through the placenta during pregnancy, though there is no actual mixing of the blood of the baby and mother. In general, obstructive lesions and complex cyanotic congenital heart diseases have high risk in pregnancy. Obstructive lesions like severe aortic stenosis and mitral stenosis a...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 21, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Pulmonary stenosis – Cardiology Basics
Pulmonary stenosis – Cardiology Basics Pulmonary stenosis is most often congenital, though occasionally it can occur in carcinoid syndrome and related disorders. Dysplastic pulmonary valve occurs in Noonan’s syndrome. Pulmonary stenosis increases the workload of the right ventricle, which gets hypertrophied in an attempt to overcome the obstruction. Hypertrophied right ventricle becomes less compliant, increasing its filling pressure. Decrease in right ventricular compliance increases right atrial pressure. This will be more when the right ventricle fails ultimately. Forceful right atrial contraction produces a...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 18, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

What is Transesophageal echocardiogram (TEE)? Cardiology Basics
Echocardiogram is an image of the heart using ultrasound. An ultrasound beam is transmitted into the body using a device known as transducer. The echo received from the body is processed by the computer in the machine to give a moving image of the heart. Transesophageal echocardiogram or TEE, is obtained by introducing a special type of transducer, also called a TEE probe, into the esophagus and stomach. Usual echocardiogram is obtained by placing the transducer or probe on the chest. Lungs may overlap the heart intermittently while imaging the heart from the chest wall. This is because the lungs cover part of the heart d...
Source: Cardiophile MD - October 11, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs

Atrial functional mitral regurgitation
Atrial functional mitral regurgitation occurs secondary to left atrial disease, without left ventricular dilatation and intrinsic mitral valve disease. Atrial functional MR typically occurs in the setting of long-standing atrial fibrillation. It is associated with increased mortality risk and hospitalization for heart failure [1]. Reported prevalence of atrial functional MR in patients with AF vary between 3 to 15%. These patients have worse clinical outcome [2]. Dilatation of the mitral annulus, atriogenic tethering of mitral leaflets and insufficient mitral leaflet remodeling are thought to be important pathogenic mecha...
Source: Cardiophile MD - September 28, 2022 Category: Cardiology Authors: Johnson Francis Tags: General Cardiology Source Type: blogs