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Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: A Comprehensive Review
In conclusion, CRPS is a multifactorial condition that still requires further studying to better understand its pathogenesis, epidemiology, genetic involvement, psychological implications, and treatment options. Future studies are warranted to better understand this syndrome. This will provide an opportunity for better prevention, diagnosis, and treatment of CRPS.PMID:34165690 | DOI:10.1007/s40122-021-00279-4
Source: Pain Physician - June 24, 2021 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Samantha-Su Taylor Nazir Noor Ivan Urits Antonella Paladini Monica Sri Sandhu Clay Gibb Tyler Carlson Dariusz Myrcik Giustino Varrassi Omar Viswanath Source Type: research

Dimethyl Fumarate Reduces Oxidative Stress and Pronociceptive Immune Responses in a Murine Model of Complex Regional Pain Syndrome
CONCLUSIONS: Oxidative stress and immune system activation are robust after hindlimb fracture in mice. DMF strongly reduces activation of those systems, and the Nrf2 transcription factor is not required. DMF or drugs working through similar mechanisms might provide effective therapy for CRPS or other conditions where oxidative stress causes immune system activation.PMID:33646995 | DOI:10.1213/ANE.0000000000005440
Source: Anesthesia and Analgesia - March 1, 2021 Category: Anesthesiology Authors: Tian-Zhi Guo Xiaoyou Shi Wenwu Li Tzuping Wei Wade S Kingery J David Clark Source Type: research

Macrophages and Schwann cell TRPA1 mediate chronic allodynia in a mouse model of complex regional pain syndrome type I.
Abstract Complex regional pain syndrome type I (CRPS-I) is characterized by intractable chronic pain. Poor understanding of the underlying mechanisms of CRPS-I accounts for the current unsatisfactory treatment. Antioxidants and antagonists of the oxidative stress-sensitive channel, the transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1), have been found to attenuate acute nociception and delayed allodynia in models of CRPS-I, evoked by ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) of rodent hind limb (chronic post ischemia pain, CPIP). However, it is unknown how I/R may lead to chronic pain mediated by TRPA1. Here, we report that the...
Source: Brain, Behavior, and Immunity - April 17, 2020 Category: Neurology Authors: de Logu F, Dal-Toé De Prá S, Tatiane de David Antoniazzi C, Qader Kudsi S, Ronsani Ferro P, Landini L, Karine Rigo F, de Bem Silveira G, Cesar Lock Silveira P, Marchesan Oliveira S, Marini M, Mattei G, Ferreira J, Geppetti P, Nassini R, Trevisan G Tags: Brain Behav Immun Source Type: research

Oxidative stress contributes to fracture/cast-induced inflammation and pain in a rat model of complex regional pain syndrome
Complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS) develops after a range of injuries including fractures and soft tissue trauma to the extremities.43 The underlying mechanism of CRPS has not been fully elucidated and there are no specific medications approved for the treatment of CRPS. Oxidative stress results from an imbalance between ROS production and antioxidant defense systems. ROS have been implicated in many degenerative neurological conditions, such as Alzheimer's disease1 and Parkinson's disease18 and oxidative stress may also contribute to pain in various diseases, including fibromyalgia,26 diabetes,35,48 and CRPS.
Source: The Journal of Pain - April 28, 2018 Category: Materials Science Authors: Tian-Zhi Guo, Tzuping Wei, Ting-Ting Huang, Wade S. Kingery, John David Clark Tags: Original Reports Source Type: research

Linagliptin attenuates chronic post-ischemia pain: possible anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant mechanisms.
In conclusion, linagliptin was able to ameliorate aberrant pain behavior induced by prolonged hind paw ischemia. These effects can be attributed, at least partially, to the reduction of inflammatory cytokine levels and restore oxidant/antioxidant balance in the CPIP model. Hence, linagliptin pleiotropic effects open a new horizon to further investigate its role in the treatment of inflammatory and chronic painful conditions, especially in diabetic patients. PMID: 29605417 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: European Journal of Pharmacology - March 29, 2018 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Hewedy WA Tags: Eur J Pharmacol Source Type: research

Extraction condition optimization and effects of drying methods on physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of polysaccharides from comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) root.
This study was designed to investigate the extraction conditions of polysaccharides from comfrey (Symphytum officinale L.) root (CRPs) using response surface methodology (RSM). The effects of three variables including liquid-solid ratio, extraction time and extraction temperature on the extraction yield of CRPs were taken into consideration. Moreover, the effects of drying methods including hot air drying (HD), vacuum drying (VD) and freeze drying (FD) on the physicochemical properties and antioxidant activities of CRPs were evaluated. The optimal conditions to extract the polysaccharides were as follows: liquid-solid rati...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - February 8, 2018 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Shang H, Zhou H, Duan M, Li R, Wu H, Lou Y Tags: Int J Biol Macromol Source Type: research