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The Adaptation-Maladaptation Framework of Aging
While a great deal is known about the ways in which old tissues differ from young tissues, there remains considerable room to theorize on how exactly aging is caused and progresses. Which manifestations are causative, and which downstream consequences, which mechanisms are important, which are side-effects or diversions. Theories of aging abound, alongside frameworks intended to steer thinking about aging. We stand in the opening years of a new era of medicine, in which the first rejuvenation therapies exist or are under development, senolytics that can clear senescent cells, alongside reprogramming strategies and potentia...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 22, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs

Results from Human Clinical Trials Do Not Support Metformin as a Longevity Drug
The SENS Research Foundation staff have carried out the public service of extensively discussing and dismantling the evidence commonly cited in support of metformin as a way to modestly slow aging, showing that said evidence is problematic, to say the least. Metformin might make life modestly better for diabetics, but it doesn't slow aging. This view of the human data matches the poor quality of the animal model data, in which metformin makes a poor showing in comparison to the robust data for a modest slowing of aging that is produced by the use of, say, mTOR inhibitors, or the practice of calorie restriction. Rega...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 21, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Many Researchers and Companies Will Aim to Produce Small Molecule Reprogramming Therapies
The typical path for any program in biomedical research and development is to first demonstrate interesting results in animal studies using forms of genetic engineering or gene therapy, and then find small molecules that adjust the same mechanism. Small molecules are never as good as genetic manipulations, the size of the effect is always smaller, usually much smaller, and there are inevitably side-effects. Small molecule development is much easier to conduct, however, more familiar to investors and regulators and program managers, a well-trodden path. Thus while the future of medicine is gene therapy, in search of large e...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 21, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs

Medical Control of Hypertension Largely Removes Increased Risk of Dementia
In conclusion, this individual patient data meta-analysis of longitudinal cohort studies found that antihypertensive use was associated with decreased dementia risk compared with individuals with untreated hypertension through all ages in late life. Individuals with treated hypertension had no increased risk of dementia compared with healthy controls.
Source: Fight Aging! - September 20, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

The Lack of Consensus on Approaches to Aging as a Flaw to be Fixed
It can be argued that the largest challenge facing the development of means to treat aging as a medical condition is that there is, as of yet, no useful consensus position on how to measure aging, how to define aging, or which of the countless measurable aspects of biochemistry that change with age are the most appropriate targets for therapy. This means that any given research group or biotech startup has a lot of leeway to argue that their approach is the right one - and it might take twenty years to establish the effects of their therapies on long-term health and life span, even given a successful development program. T...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 19, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Leaking Gut, Leaking Blood Vessels, Leaking Blood Brain Barrier
In today's open access paper, researchers attempt to throw a big tent over three distinct issues in the aging of the body and brain. Firstly, the intestinal barrier fails, allowing bacteria and bacterial metabolites into tissue and the circulation, where they can provoke dysfunction and inflammation. Secondly, blood vessels become leaky, harming surrounding tissues by allowing excessive fluid, inappropriate molecules and cells to escape. Lastly, the blood-brain barrier leaks; this is a more specialized barrier layer surrounding blood vessels in the brain, and when it leaks, the passage of unwanted cells and molecules into ...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 18, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, September 18th 2023
Fight Aging! publishes news and commentary relevant to the goal of ending all age-related disease, to be achieved by bringing the mechanisms of aging under the control of modern medicine. This weekly newsletter is sent to thousands of interested subscribers. To subscribe or unsubscribe from the newsletter, please visit: https://www.fightaging.org/newsletter/ Longevity Industry Consulting Services Reason, the founder of Fight Aging! and Repair Biotechnologies, offers strategic consulting services to investors, entrepreneurs, and others interested in the longevity industry and its complexities. To find out m...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 17, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Mitochondrial Epigenetics in Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction
The hundreds of mitochondria present in every cell in the body undertake the essential duty of producing chemical energy store molecules, adenosine triphosphate (ATP), used to power the cell. With age, mitochondria become less efficient and more damaged, generating oxidative stress and triggering inflammation while producing less ATP than is optimal. This is thought to be a major contribution to degenerative aging, though as for all contributions to aging, it requires a highly targeted way to improve mitochondrial function in order to determine just how important it is. That highly targeted therapy doesn't yet exist in a u...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 15, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

A Continued Painfully Slow Assessment of the Dasatinib and Quercetin Senolytic Treatment in Human Trials
A single course of treatment with the combination of dasatinib and quercetin
Source: Fight Aging! - September 14, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Urolithin A Supplementation Improves Mitochondrial Function and Hematopoiesis in Mice
A number of supplement-based approaches have been demonstrated to modestly improve mitochondrial function with age. This includes the various ways to increase NAD levels using vitamin B3 derivatives, mitochondrially targeted antioxidants such as SkQ1, MitoQ, and SS-31, and other compounds such as urolithin A for which the mechanism causing improved mitochondrial function is not as well determined. There is an argument to be made that all of these compounds work because they in some way improve the operation of mitophagy, a mitochondrial quality control mechanism that senses worn and damaged mitochondria, before directing t...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 13, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Dormant Neural Precursor Cells May Awaken Over Adult Life to Maintain the Brain
Neural stem cells residing within a few regions of the mammalian brain divide to generate new daughter neurons throughout adult life, the process of neurogenesis. Neurogenesis is particularly associated with functions such as memory, which requires changes in brain state driven by the creation of new neurons and neural connections. Additionally, however, researchers have identified a population of dormant progenitor cells that can mature into neurons, more broadly distributed throughout the brain. This population can be diminished and eventually exhausted by that activity, but researchers hypothesize that it could nonethel...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 12, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Fight Aging! Newsletter, September 11th 2023
This article reviews the current regulatory role of miR-7 in inflammation and related diseases, including viral infection, autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and encephalitis. It expounds on the molecular mechanism by which miR-7 regulates the occurrence of inflammatory diseases. Finally, the existing problems and future development directions of miR-7-based intervention on inflammation and related diseases are discussed to provide new references and help strengthen the understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammation and related diseases, as well as the development of new strategies for clinical interventi...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 10, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

DNA Damage and Consequent Inflammation in Heart Failure
One of the ways in which cell damage characteristic of aging can provoke inflammation is via the mislocalization of DNA. Either nuclear DNA or mitochondrial DNA can find its way to the cytosol, where it can trigger responses evolved to detect bacterial or viral infection, or severe cell damage. This creates a cascade of downstream signaling leading to an inflammatory response. In youth these events occur comparatively rarely, and in circumstances wherein immune response and potentially even cell death are beneficial. With age, however, there is a continued mild but growing level of dysfunction and consequent sustained infl...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 8, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

Towards an Improved Suppression of Maladaptive Inflammation
This article reviews the current regulatory role of miR-7 in inflammation and related diseases, including viral infection, autoimmune hepatitis, inflammatory bowel disease, and encephalitis. It expounds on the molecular mechanism by which miR-7 regulates the occurrence of inflammatory diseases. Finally, the existing problems and future development directions of miR-7-based intervention on inflammation and related diseases are discussed to provide new references and help strengthen the understanding of the pathogenesis of inflammation and related diseases, as well as the development of new strategies for clinical intervention.
Source: Fight Aging! - September 7, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs

The Heart Has High Energy Needs, Making it Vulnerable to Age-Related Mitochondrial Dysfunction
Not all tissues are equal in their energy needs. The brain and more consistently active muscles, such as the heart, are at the top of the list. Energy for cell and tissue processes is provided by the chemical energy store molecule adenosine triphosphate (ATP), which is produced by mitochondria. Every cell contains hundreds of mitochondria, the descendants of ancient symbiotic bacteria now evolved to become fully integrated cell components. Mitochondria still replicate much like bacteria, each containing a small remnant circular genome. When damaged or dysfunctional, mitochondria are cleared by the complex process of mitoph...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 6, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs