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Current topics in women’s sports medicine: evaluation and treatment of the female athlete
The passing of Title IX in 1972 has led to a rapid increase in the number of female athletes, and with this, the field of women’s sports medicine has continued to grow. As the number and type of female athletes continue to increase, our role as sports medicine surgeons is to meet the needs of this rapidly changing field by improving our knowledge of the injuries, treatments, and outcomes that are specific to this population. Our understanding of injury prevention and long-term outcomes after anterior cruciate ligament injuries is still evolving, yet this is a clear area for future study in female athletes. The role of ge...
Source: Current Orthopaedic Practice - December 25, 2018 Category: Orthopaedics Tags: SPECIAL FOCUS: Sports Medicine Rotation Source Type: research

Exercise level before pregnancy and engaging in high-impact sports reduce the risk of pelvic girdle pain: a population-based cohort study of 39 184 women.
We examined a dose-response association of prepregnancy exercise frequency using restricted cubic splines. A test for non-linearity was also conducted. Final models were adjusted for pre-pregnancy BMI, age, education, history of low back pain and history of depression. RESULTS: 4069 women (10.4%) reported pelvic girdle pain in pregnancy and the prevalence among women who were non-exercisers prepregnancy was 12.5%. There was a non-linear association for pre-pregnancy exercise and risk of pelvic girdle pain (test for non-linearity, p=0.003). Compared to non-exercisers, women exercising 3-5 times weekly pre-pregnancy had...
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - October 4, 2015 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Owe KM, Bjelland EK, Stuge B, Orsini N, Eberhard-Gran M, Vangen S Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research

Female athlete health domains: a supplement to the International Olympic Committee consensus statement on methods for recording and reporting epidemiological data on injury and illness in sport
Br J Sports Med. 2023 Jun 22:bjsports-2022-106620. doi: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-106620. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe IOC made recommendations for recording and reporting epidemiological data on injuries and illness in sports in 2020, but with little, if any, focus on female athletes. Therefore, the aims of this supplement to the IOC consensus statement are to (i) propose a taxonomy for categorisation of female athlete health problems across the lifespan; (ii) make recommendations for data capture to inform consistent recording and reporting of symptoms, injuries, illnesses and other health outcomes in sports injury epid...
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - June 22, 2023 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Isabel S Moore Kay M Crossley Kari Bo Margo Mountjoy Kathryn E Ackerman Juliana da Silva Antero Jorunn Sundgot Borgen Wendy J Brown Caroline S Bolling Benjamin Clarsen Wayne Derman Paul Dijkstra Amber Donaldson Kirsty J Elliott-Sale Carolyn A Emery Lene H Source Type: research

Youth sports injury prevention: keep calm and play on
In recent years, there has been extensive media focus on youth sports injuries, especially concussions. While youth sports training and competition are more intense than ever, the focus on the ‘injury risk’ downside of youth sport is unfortunate because the benefits of sports participation (improvements in overall health1 and bone density;2 lower rates of overweight/obesity,3 cardiovascular disease,3 diabetes,3 risk-taking behaviours,4 depression4 and teen pregnancy;5 and enhanced self-esteem4 and peer socialisation4) far outweigh the risks for children and teens. In fact, the injury risk for youth aged 6&ndash...
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - January 17, 2017 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: LaBella, C. R., Myer, G. D. Tags: Editorial Source Type: research

Integrating exercise is medicine® into the care of pregnant women.
Abstract A majority of women do not meet the recommended levels of physical activity before and during pregnancy. Physically active women experience fewer complications of pregnancy such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders of pregnancy, and low back pain, to name only a few. Exercise is Medicine encourages adults to achieve a minimum of 150 min·wk of moderate-intensity physical activity, and the same is true for women having uncomplicated pregnancies. Prenatal care is an opportune time to counsel women on how to achieve an active lifestyle to support their own health and the health of their developing...
Source: Current Sports Medicine Reports - July 1, 2013 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Joy EA, Mottola MF, Chambliss H Tags: Curr Sports Med Rep Source Type: research

Exercise and pregnancy: focus on advice for the competitive and elite athlete
Athletes’ safety is a top priority of the IOC, and the IOC Medical and Scientific Commission aims to reach evidence-based consensus on debatable topics. There are several guidelines regarding physical activity and exercise during pregnancy and postpartum period (American College of Obstetrician and Gynecologists, Canadian Society of Exercise Physiologists and Society of Obstetricians and Gynecologist of Canada, American College of Sports Medicine, The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists). However, until the IOC consensus meeting in September 2015, there was not any consensus statement on "Exercise in Pre...
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - April 27, 2016 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Erdener, U., Budgett, R. Tags: Editor's choice Editorial Source Type: research

Do female elite athletes experience more complicated childbirth than non-athletes? A case-control study.
CONCLUSION: Participation in competitive sports at the elite level was not related to adverse delivery outcome, including length of labour, the need for caesarean section during delivery and severe perineal tears. PMID: 30228171 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - September 18, 2018 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Sigurdardottir T, Steingrimsdottir T, Geirsson RT, Halldorsson TI, Aspelund T, Bø K Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research

Physical activity during pregnancy and the risk of gestational diabetes mellitus: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomised controlled trials.
CONCLUSIONS: Evidence was insufficient to suggest that physical activity during pregnancy might be effective to lower the risk of developing GDM. PMID: 24037671 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - September 13, 2013 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Yin YN, Li XL, Tao TJ, Luo BR, Liao SJ Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research

Pilot validation of the clinical use physical activity questionnaire for pregnancy (cpaqpreg).
CONCLUSIONS: The CPAQpreg showed excellent levels of agreement with the PPAQ in the identification of inactive pregnant women. Further studies comparing the CPAQpreg with an objective measure would further enhance its validity and support the recommendation that the CPAQpreg is used at every contact between pregnant women and healthcare providers to identify inactive individuals quickly and accurately. PMID: 24159097 [PubMed - in process]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - October 29, 2013 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Power J, Evans G, Tsintzas K Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research

Does general exercise training before and during pregnancy influence the pelvic floor "opening" and delivery outcome? A 3D/4D ultrasound study following nulliparous pregnant women from mid-pregnancy to childbirth.
CONCLUSIONS: The results of the present study do not support the hypothesis that women exercising regularly before or during pregnancy have a narrower LH area or more complicated childbirths than non-exercising women. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER: ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT01045135. PMID: 25100734 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - August 6, 2014 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Bø K, Hilde G, Stær-Jensen J, Siafarikas F, Tennfjord MK, Engh ME Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research

Exploration and confirmation of factors associated with uncomplicated pregnancy in nulliparous women: prospective cohort study.
Abstract STUDY QUESTION: Which variables at 15 and 20 weeks' gestation, particularly those amenable to modification before pregnancy, are associated with a subsequent uncomplicated pregnancy? SUMMARY ANSWER: Normalising body mass index, increasing fruit intake before pregnancy, reducing blood pressure, stopping misuse of drugs, and being in paid employment are all associated with subsequent uncomplicated pregnancy outcomes. PMID: 25552602 [PubMed - in process]
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - January 1, 2015 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Chappell LC, Seed PT, Myers J, Taylor RS, Kenny LC, Dekker GA, Walker JJ, McCowan LM, North RA, Poston L Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research

Exercise during pregnancy. A narrative review asking: what do we know?
Abstract Although there is no consensus as to whether exercise is beneficial during pregnancy, most studies report it poses no risk to either the mother or the fetus, and many suggest it to be beneficial to both. This review, which examines the evidence available, also reveals the many differences in study design followed, the type of exercise undertaken and the variables measured, which make it difficult to compare results. Advances in our understanding of the effects of exercise during pregnancy might best be made by undertaking randomised clinical trials with standardised protocols. However, most of the studies...
Source: British Journal of Sports Medicine - July 1, 2015 Category: Sports Medicine Authors: Barakat R, Perales M, Garatachea N, Ruiz JR, Lucia A Tags: Br J Sports Med Source Type: research