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Total 178978 results found since Jan 2013.

Aquatic oil spill cleanup using natural sorbents.
Abstract One of the most popular transportation methods of crude oil is water transport, leading to potential spills of these pollutants in the seas and oceans and water areas of ports, during their extraction, transportation, transhipment and use. The growth of the Lithuanian economy and the expansion of competitiveness were hardly imagined without the development of the Klaipeda seaport. However, the intensity of shipping and the increase in cargo loading volumes at specialised terminals are associated with a higher risk of environmental pollution. To achieve a sustainable development of the seaport, it is neces...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - May 22, 2015 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Paulauskienė T, Jucikė I Tags: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Source Type: research

Novel laparoscopic narrow band imaging for real-time detection of bile leak during hepatectomy: proof of the concept in a porcine model
Conclusions The SPECTRA laparoscopic image processing system allows for rapid detection of bile leaks following hepatectomy without any contrast injection.
Source: Surgical Endoscopy - June 18, 2016 Category: Surgery Source Type: research

Experiences in the management of anastomotic leakages and analysis of the factors affecting leakage healing in patients with esophagogastric junction cancer.
CONCLUSIONS: Though many factors may affect leakage healing in the esophagogastric junction carcinoma patients, leakage size, thoracic drainage and smoking index (≤400) are the most important factors affecting the leakage healing. Placement of a chest tube beside the anastomosis area during operation for early identification and control of an anastomotic leak to minimize contamination of the mediastinum is the most important way to promote leakage healing. A chest tube placing into the purulent cavities after the patients experienced leaks is also important for the cure of leakage. More attention should be paid periopera...
Source: Journal of Thoracic Disease - March 10, 2017 Category: Respiratory Medicine Tags: J Thorac Dis Source Type: research

Molecular-Level Investigation of Soils Contaminated by Oil Spilled during the Gulf War
In this study, molecular-level chemical compositions of soils contaminated by oil spilled during the Gulf War were studied. Two soil samples, respectively collected at 0.1 m and between 0.5 and 1 m below the surface from an oil spill site, were extracted with organic solvents and water. The extracts were analyzed via ultrahigh resolution FT-ICR and two-dimensional gas chromatography/high resolution mass spectrometry. The data showed that the spilled oil was significantly affected by vaporization due to high surface temperatures in the desert. The data obtained with (+) atmospheric pressure photo ionization (APPI) and (...
Source: Journal of Hazardous Materials - March 21, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Multifunctional metal-organic frameworks in oil spills and associated organic pollutant remediation.
Abstract The release of toxic organic compounds into the environment in an event of oil spillage is a global menace due to the potential impacts on the ecosystem. Several approaches have been employed for oil spills clean-up, with adsorption technique proven to be more promising for the total reclamation of a polluted site. Of the several adsorbents so far reported, adsorbent-based porous materials have gained attention for the reduction/total removal of different compounds in environmental remediation applications. The superior potential of mesoporous materials based on metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) against con...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - August 28, 2020 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Ejeromedoghene O, Oderinde O, Kang M, Agbedor S, Faruwa AR, Olukowi OM, Fu G, Daramola MO Tags: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Source Type: research

OVA-LEAK: Prognostic score for colo-rectal anastomotic leakage in patients undergoing ovarian cancer surgery
CONCLUSIONS: Compared with subjective clinical criteria, the use of a predictive model for anastomotic leak improves the selection of patients who would benefit from a diverting ileostomy without increasing the rate of stoma use.PMID:36058743 | DOI:10.1016/j.ygyno.2022.08.004
Source: Gynecologic Oncology - September 4, 2022 Category: Cancer & Oncology Authors: V íctor Lago Blanca Segarra-Vidal Serena Cappucio Martina Aida Angeles Christina Fotopoulou Mustafa Zelal Muallem Israel Manzanedo Jose Luis Sanchez Iglesias Enrique Chac ón Pablo Padilla-Iserte Anna Fagotti Gwenael Ferron Luisa Kluge Virginia Vargiu Ma Source Type: research

Can Oil Spills Make You Fat?
A study published by the faculty of Medical University of South Carolina indicates that oil spills and the chemicals used to clean up those spills may be contributing to the obesity epidemic. About six years ago, in April 2010 an explosion in Deepwater Horizon caused the release of over 200 million gallons of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. In response, about 2 million gallons of dispersant was used to emulsify the released oil with the hope of hastening oil biodegradation and preventing the spilled oil from reaching fragile habitats onshore. Both the oil and the dispersant used to cleanup the spill are implicated as p...
Source: Healthy Living - The Huffington Post - April 4, 2016 Category: Consumer Health News Source Type: news

A method for simulating the entire leaking process and calculating the liquid leakage volume of a damaged pressurized pipeline
In this study, the leaking process is divided into 4 stages based on the strength of transient pressure. 3 models are established to calculate the leaking flowrate and volume. First, a negative pressure wave propagation attenuation model is applied to calculate the sizes of orifices. Second, a transient oil leaking model, consisting of continuity, momentum conservation, energy conservation and orifice flow equations, is built to calculate the leakage volume. Third, a steady-state oil leaking model is employed to calculate the leakage after valves and pumps shut down. Moreover, sensitive factors that affect the leak coeffic...
Source: Journal of Hazardous Materials - March 6, 2017 Category: Environmental Health Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 18, Pages 91: A Review of Oil Spill Remote Sensing
own The technical aspects of oil spill remote sensing are examined and the practical uses and drawbacks of each technology are given with a focus on unfolding technology. The use of visible techniques is ubiquitous, but limited to certain observational conditions and simple applications. Infrared cameras offer some potential as oil spill sensors but have several limitations. Both techniques, although limited in capability, are widely used because of their increasing economy. The laser fluorosensor uniquely detects oil on substrates that include shoreline, water, soil, plants, ice, and snow. New commercial units have co...
Source: Sensors - December 30, 2017 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Merv Fingas Carl Brown Tags: Review Source Type: research

Spillover effects in epidemiology: parameters, study designs and methodological considerations
We describe study designs to estimate spillovers and assumptions required to make causal inferences about spillovers. We aim to advance and encourage methods for spillover estimation and reporting by standardizing spillover parameter nomenclature and articulating the causal inference assumptions required to estimate spillovers.
Source: International Journal of Epidemiology - November 2, 2017 Category: Epidemiology Source Type: research

How Common Are Cerebrospinal Fluid Leaks After Minor Head Trauma?
Discussion Basilar skulls fractures are relatively common occurring in 4-20% of all skull fractures. Motor vehicle accidents, significant falls from heights and blunt trauma are the most common causes of basilar skull fractures. Basilar skulls fractures are even less common in children than adults. Complications can include meningitis, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leaks, cranial nerve injuries or even potentially death. With more significant trauma to the head and body, it is not surprising that complications are more likely. Nasoethmoid facial fractures have similar common mechanisms of injury including motor vehicle accid...
Source: PediatricEducation.org - July 15, 2019 Category: Pediatrics Authors: pediatriceducationmin Tags: Uncategorized Source Type: news

Parental health spillover effects of paediatric rare genetic conditions
ConclusionPaediatric rare genetic conditions appear to be associated with substantial parental health spillovers. This highlights the importance of including health effects on family members and caregivers into economic evaluation of genomic technologies and personalised medicine. Overlooking spillover effects may undervalue the benefits of diagnosis and management in this context. This study also expands the knowledge of family spillover to the rare disease spectrum.
Source: Quality of Life Research - April 6, 2020 Category: Health Management Source Type: research

Sponge-based materials for oil spill cleanups: A review
AbstractElimination of leaked oil from aquatic environs has recently gained importance owing to the disasters associated with leakages into marine environments. The need for an environmentally friendly and viable line of action concerning the environs has brought forward numerous affordable, non-toxic, and decomposable materials; further, diverse biomasses for fabricating nano- to micro-scale materials, membranes, and sponges/aerogels have also been incorporated for the elimination and retrieval of oils from water. Moreover, selectivity, sorption capacity, and reusability of these materials after the retrieval of oils are ...
Source: European Journal of Applied Physiology - May 30, 2020 Category: Physiology Source Type: research

Sensors, Vol. 21, Pages 367: Real-Time Leak Detection for a Gas Pipeline Using a k-NN Classifier and Hybrid AE Features
Kim This paper introduces a technique using a k-nearest neighbor (k-NN) classifier and hybrid features extracted from acoustic emission (AE) signals for detecting leakages in a gas pipeline. The whole algorithm is embedded in a microcontroller unit (MCU) to detect leaks in real-time. The embedded system receives signals continuously from a sensor mounted on the surface of a gas pipeline to diagnose any leak. To construct the system, AE signals are first recorded from a gas pipeline testbed under various conditions and used to synthesize the leak detection algorithm via offline signal analysis. The current work explores...
Source: Sensors - January 7, 2021 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Thang Bui Quy Jong-Myon Kim Tags: Article Source Type: research