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Total 178978 results found since Jan 2013.

A Lagrangian analysis of the gravity-inertial oil spreading on the calm sea using the reflective oil-water interface treatment.
Abstract Negative impacts are caused by oil spills on coastal ecosystems. In the phenomenon of oil spreading, the knowledge of the physical properties of the pollutant, such as velocities and positions, is of fundamental importance for the adoption of timely contingency measures to protect the environment (Fraga Filho, Smoothed Particle Hydrodynamics: Fundamentals and Basic Applications in Continuum Mechanics, 2019). This paper presents a Lagrangian particle modelling for the prediction of the oil slick diameter in the first stage of the oil spreading on a calm sea. At the first studies on the oil spreading (Fay, ...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - January 4, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Fraga Filho CAD Tags: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Source Type: research

A Preliminary Study on Lupinus albus and Raphanus sativus  Grown in Soil Affected by Oil Spillage
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2021 Jun 15. doi: 10.1007/s00128-021-03290-9. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOil spills from pipelines are a hazardous contamination source for agricultural soils. We investigated the effects of petroleum hydrocarbon (PHC) soil contamination, resulting from a real diesel oil pipeline spill, on the growth of Lupinus albus and Raphanus sativus plants. These species are widely cultivated for food purposes and have not been previously tested in soils affected by oil spills. Mesocosm-scale experiments were conducted in a greenhouse, and the potential transfer of hydrocarbons from soil to plant was ev...
Source: Bulletin of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology - June 16, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Grifoni Martina Rosellini Irene Angelini Paolo Petruzzelli Gianniantonio Pezzarossa Beatrice Martina Grifoni Source Type: research

Oceanographic factors of oil pollution dispersion offshore the Nile Delta (Egypt) using GIS.
This study aimed to map the oceanographic parameters that may affect oil pollution dispersion along the offshore zone of the Nile Delta using geographic information system (GIS) techniques. Oceanographic data (wave patterns, bathymetry data, sea surface temperature (SST), chlorophyll content, phytoplankton concentration, and organic carbon concentration) were used to analyze the characteristics of water at the onset of oil pollution to interpret the dispersion of the oil slick once discharged into the seawater. The results showed that SSTs and the depth of the coastal zone primarily influence the distribution of the other ...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - January 21, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Abou Samra RM, El-Gammal M, Eissa R Tags: Environ Sci Pollut Res Int Source Type: research

Marine Oil-Degrading Microorganisms and Biodegradation Process of Petroleum Hydrocarbon in Marine Environments: A Review.
Abstract Due to the toxicity of petroleum compounds, the increasing accidents of marine oil spills/leakages have had a significant impact on our environment. Recently, different remedial techniques for the treatment of marine petroleum pollution have been proposed, such as bioremediation, controlled burning, skimming, and solidifying. (Hedlund and Staley in Int J Syst Evol Microbiol 51:61-66, 2001). This review introduces an important remedial method for marine oil pollution treatment-bioremediation technique-which is considered as a reliable, efficient, cost-effective, and eco-friendly method. First, the necessit...
Source: Current Microbiology - April 28, 2015 Category: Microbiology Authors: Xue J, Yu Y, Bai Y, Wang L, Wu Y Tags: Curr Microbiol Source Type: research

Scientists Link Dolphin Deaths in Gulf to 2010 BP Oil Spill
(NEW ORLEANS) — In a new study, a team of scientists says there’s a definite link between the massive BP oil spill in 2010 and a record number of dolphin deaths along the northern Gulf of Mexico. The scientists on Wednesday said large numbers of dead bottlenose dolphins found along shores since the spill suffered from lung and adrenal lesions caused by swimming in oil-contaminated seas. The research paper backs up previous findings linking dolphin deaths to the oil spill. The study involved federal scientists with the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. BP has rejected the contention linking the de...
Source: TIME.com: Top Science and Health Stories - May 20, 2015 Category: Consumer Health News Authors: Jennifer So Tags: Uncategorized animals BP oil spill Dolphins Source Type: news

Sensors, Vol. 18, Pages 151: Oil Spill Detection in Terma-Side-Looking Airborne Radar Images Using Image Features and Region Segmentation
cid This work presents a method for oil-spill detection on Spanish coasts using aerial Side-Looking Airborne Radar (SLAR) images, which are captured using a Terma sensor. The proposed method uses grayscale image processing techniques to identify the dark spots that represent oil slicks on the sea. The approach is based on two steps. First, the noise regions caused by aircraft movements are detected and labeled in order to avoid the detection of false-positives. Second, a segmentation process guided by a map saliency technique is used to detect image regions that represent oil slicks. The results show that the proposed ...
Source: Sensors - January 8, 2018 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Pablo Gil Beatriz Alacid Tags: Article Source Type: research

Hebei Spirit oil spill and its long-term effect on children's asthma symptoms.
This study investigated long-term effect of the oil spill on children's asthma symptoms up to five years after the accident. All elementary and middle school students in the exposure area were surveyed on one year (n = 655), three years (664), and five years (611) after the accident. Oil spill exposure was estimated using two estimates including distance from the oil spill (A) and modeled estimates of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylene (BTEX) compounds (B), and each was dichotomously categorized (A: high-exposure vs low-exposure; B: ≥20 mg/m3 vs < 20 mg/m3). Asthma symptoms were evaluated using a s...
Source: Environmental Pollution - February 13, 2019 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Noh SR, Kim JA, Cheong HK, Ha M, Jee YK, Park MS, Choi KH, Kim H, Cho SI, Choi K, Paek D Tags: Environ Pollut Source Type: research

Toxicity assessment of a novel oil dispersant based on silica nanoparticles using Fathead minnow.
Abstract Oil spill accidents are a major concern for aquatic organisms. In recent history, the Deepwater Horizon blowout spilled 500 million liters of crude oil into the Gulf of Mexico. Corexit 9500A was used to disperse the oil since it was the method approved at that time, despite safety concerns about its use. A better solution is necessary for dispersing oil from spills that reduces the toxicity to exposed aquatic organisms. To address this challenge, novel engineered nanoparticles were designed using silica cores grafted with hyperbranched poly(glycidol) branches. Because the silica core and polymers are know...
Source: Aquatic Toxicology - October 7, 2020 Category: Toxicology Authors: Kurita-Oyamada H, Brown CL, Kroll KJ, Walley SE, Keller C, Ejaz M, Kozuch M, Reed W, Grayson S, Savin DA, Denslow ND Tags: Aquat Toxicol Source Type: research

Multiphase CFD simulation of the nearshore spilled oil behaviors
This study focused on the numerical simulation of the nearshore oil behaviors based on computational fluid dynamics. Based on the Navier-Stokes momentum equations for an incompressible viscous fluid and volume of fluid (VOF) method, a 3D numerical model of three-phase transient flow was developed. The wave number, averaged flow velocity and oil properties would affect the oil spread extent and the oil volume fraction. The higher the averaged flow velocity and wave number, the lower the oil concentration, and the faster the horizontal movement of the oil. The spilled oil may move to contact the seafloor by increasing the av...
Source: Environmental Pollution - July 20, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Mohammadmehdi Raznahan Chunjiang An S Samuel Li Xiaolong Geng Michel Boufadel Source Type: research

Polystyrene magnetic nanocomposite blend: An effective, facile, and economical alternative in oil spill removal applications
Chemosphere. 2021 Jul 23;286(Pt 2):131611. doi: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131611. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTFinding an efficient and economical method to remediate oil spills on water is a priority worldwide. In this article, we propose a solution to this problem using polystyrene magnetic nanocomposite blends composed of polystyrene chains grafted on the surface of silica coated on iron oxide nanoparticles and polystyrene. The hydrophobic and oleophilic magnetic polymer nanocomposite collected oil from the water surface quickly and efficiently. However, when the magnetic polymer nanocomposite was blended with polysty...
Source: Chemosphere - August 1, 2021 Category: Chemistry Authors: Fereshte Damavandi Jo ão B P Soares Source Type: research

A review on submarine oil and gas leakage in near field: droplets and plume
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2021 Nov 27. doi: 10.1007/s11356-021-17586-0. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe 2010 Deepwater Horizon spill remains the largest catastrophic release of oil and gas into the deep sea. The irrupted oil and gas substantially impact a marine ecosystem, cause human injury, and have high societal opinions. Therefore, understanding the transport and dispersion of subsurface hydrocarbon provides an imperative substratum for the practical assessment and response of marine oil spill accidents. In this review, we summarize the major advances since the Deepwater Horizon accident, with emphasis on the obser...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - November 27, 2021 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Qiuyan Wang Yuling L ü Qigui Li Source Type: research