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Further Exploration of In Vivo Reprogramming in Mice
Researchers are expanding their explorations of cellular reprogramming applied to living animals, delivering Yamanaka factors as a gene therapy. There are in principle ways to balance this sort of approach in order to minimize the conversion of somatic cells into induced pluripotent stem cells, and thus the risk of cancer, while maximizing the epigenetic rejuvenation and restoration of mitochondrial function that occurs as an early part of the reprogramming process.
Forcing cells in aged tissues to act as though they are present in youthful tissues is expected to produce meaningful benefits to health, and indeed has...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 14, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 14th 2022
This study tests the feasibility of chronically elevating skeletal muscle NAD+ in mice and investigates the putative effects on mitochondrial respiratory capacity, insulin sensitivity, and gene expression. The metabolic effects of NR and PT treatment were modest. We conclude that the chronic elevation of skeletal muscle NAD+ by the intravenous injection of NR is possible but does not affect muscle respiratory capacity or insulin sensitivity in either sedentary or physically active mice. Our data have implications for NAD+ precursor supplementation regimens.
Muscle Strengthening Activities in Later Life Correlate ...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 13, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, March 7th 2022
This study estimates that prescreening with a 500 blood test could reduce by half both the cost and the time it takes to enroll patients in clinical trials that use PET scans. Screening with blood tests alone could be completed in less than six months and cut costs by tenfold or more, the study finds. Known as Precivity AD, the commercial version of the test is marketed by C2N Diagnostics. The current study shows that the blood test remains highly accurate, even when performed in different labs following different protocols, and in different cohorts across three continents.
xCT Knockout Modestly Extends Life in M...
Source: Fight Aging! - March 6, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Reviewing the State of Knowledge of Age-Related Epigenetic Change
The field of aging research has always been more interested in changes in gene expression that can be connected to age-related decline and disease than in deeper causes of aging that might be behind those gene expression changes. Altered gene expression is driven by epigenetics. Epigenetic regulatory systems, such as DNA methylation of sites on the genome, alter the pace at which specific proteins are manufactured from their genetic blueprints. Epigenomic alterations are dynamic, responsive to the environment and changes in cell state. It is a highly complex system, understood at the high level, but far from completely map...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 28, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, February 28th 2022
In conclusion, as BMI and waist circumference are related to elevations of immune markers in the IL-6 pathway, chronic inflammation might be an important mediator of the relationship between BMI and frailty.
Fat Tissue Becomes Dysfunctional with Age as Mitochondria Falter
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2022/02/fat-tissue-becomes-dysfunctional-with-age-as-mitochondria-falter/
Mitochondria are effectively power plants, hundreds of them working in every cell to produce chemical energy store molecules to power cellular processes. Mitochondrial function declines with age, unfortunately, for underlying re...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 27, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Telomere Dysfunction in Aging
Researchers here discuss what is know of mechanisms surrounding telomere shortening in old tissues. Telomeres are the caps of repeated DNA at the ends of chromosomes. Their length is reduced a little with each cell division, and when too short, cells become senescent or self-destruct. This acts as a part of the limiting mechanisms that prevent normal somatic cells from dividing indefinitely, the Hayflick limit that ensures turnover of cells in tissues. Stem cells can continue to replicate and produce replacement daughter somatic cells with long telomeres via use of telomerase to lengthen their telomeres.
The body is...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 23, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Stem Cell Therapies for Intervertebral Disc Degeneration
Stem cell therapies, and cell therapies in general, have tremendous promise in treating age-related conditions, particularly those that lead to structural damage in the body, such as degenerative disc disease. While animal studies have produced very interesting results, these therapies have yet to achieve more than initial goals in clinical practice, however. Hematopoietic stem cell transplants work well for the uses they are put to, albeit while being a comparatively stressful, higher risk procedure. Immunotherapies based on cell transplants are quite well advanced in the cancer field. First generation mesenchymal stem ce...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 22, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
First Woman Cured of HIV Using Cord Blood Stem Cells
A woman of mixed race becomes the third patient in the world to be cured of HIV, and the first one to do it using a cord blood stem cell transplant.
On Tuesday February 15th, the case was presented at the Conference on Retroviruses and Opportunistic Infections. She received a combination of adult bone marrow and umbilical cord stem cells that contained a CCR5 gene mutation, which has been known to provide immunity against HIV. Using cord blood in this case meant that the patient only needed to be a partial genetic match, which means that it will be a treatment that can be made available to a more genetically diverse patien...
Source: Cord Blood News - February 22, 2022 Category: Perinatology & Neonatology Authors: Chaya Rothschild, Andrologist Tags: Cord Blood medical research stem cells HIV stem cell transplant treatment Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, February 21st 2022
In conclusion, clinical trials targeting aging in humans have shown promising but limited results on biomarkers so far.
Mycobacterium Vaccae Immunization as an Anti-Inflammatory Strategy
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2022/02/mycobacterium-vaccae-immunization-as-an-anti-inflammatory-strategy/
In today's open access paper, researchers discuss immunization with Mycobacterium vaccae as an approach to reduce the inflammatory overactivity of the aged immune system. Researchers have made some initial inroads into studying the way in which this bacteria can alter the function of the immune system, and here...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 20, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
A Hypothetical Project: the Fast Track to Partial Reprogramming in Human Volunteers
In a recent post, I suggested that is practical and useful for small organizations to run low-cost clinical trials in large numbers in order to build physician support for treatments for aging that should, by rights, already be in the clinic. The senolytic treatment of dasatinib and quercetin is the most obvious candidate, given its low cost, availability for off-label use, broad, large, and reliable benefits in animal models of aging and age-related disease, and human evidence for efficacy in clearing senescent cells to a similar degree as it does in mice.
Today I'll propose a different angle on early, small trials...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 14, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Activism, Advocacy and Education Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, February 14th 2022
In conclusion, this first examination of the effects of age and the ageing process on the small intestinal microbiome demonstrates that the duodenal microbiome changes with increasing age, with significant decreases in duodenal microbial diversity due to increased prevalence of phylum Proteobacteria, particularly coliforms and anaerobic taxa. Given the key roles of small intestinal microbes in nutrient absorption and host metabolism, these changes may be clinically relevant for human health during the ageing process.
Naked Mole Rats Exhibit Minimal Cardiac Aging
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2022/02/naked...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 13, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
Cellular Senescence as a Contributing Cause of Sarcopenia
Every age-related disease that can be linked to the chronic inflammation of aging is likely driven in part by the accumulation of senescent cells. This is not only a matter of senescent cells present in the organs affected by disease, but also involves the burden of cellular senescence throughout the body. When lingering in significant numbers, senescent cells cause harm via their inflammatory secretions, the senescence-associated secretory phenotype (SASP). Secreted inflammatory signals can travel widely through the body, rousing the immune system to overactivity, and changing cell behavior for the worse.
Sarcopeni...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 7, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Medicine, Biotech, Research Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, February 7th 2022
In this study, we used accelerometer measurements (1) to examine the association of physical activity and mortality in a population-based sample of US adults and (2) to estimate the number of deaths prevented annually with modest increases in moderate-to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) intensity.
This analysis included 4,840 participants. Increasing MVPA by 10, 20, or 30 minutes per day was associated with a 6.9%, 13.0%, and 16.9% decrease in the number of deaths per year, respectively. We estimated that approximately 110,000 deaths per year could be prevented if US adults aged 40 to 85 years or older increased th...
Source: Fight Aging! - February 6, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
A Popular Science View of the Road to Partial Reprogramming Therapies
Reprogramming via expression of the Yamanaka factors slowly transforms somatic cells from tissues of any age into induced pluripotent stem cells that are essentially identical to embryonic stem cells. Along the way, aged epigenetic patterns are reset to a youthful configuration, and age-related decline of mitochondrial function is reversed. This approach recapitulates the cellular rejuvenation that takes place in early embryonic development.
Interestingly, temporarily exposing old animals to Yamanaka factors produces improved health and far less cancer than one might expect. It appears that it may be possible to bui...
Source: Fight Aging! - January 31, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Daily News Source Type: blogs
Fight Aging! Newsletter, January 31st 2022
In conclusion, the effects of MR on the gut barrier were likely related to alleviation of the oscillations of inflammation-related microbes. MR can enable nutritional intervention against age-related gut barrier dysfunction.
Clearing Senescent Cells from the Neural Stem Cell Niche Rapidly Improves Neurogenesis in Old Mice
https://www.fightaging.org/archives/2022/01/clearing-senescent-cells-from-the-neural-stem-cell-niche-rapidly-improves-neurogenesis-in-old-mice/
Neurogenesis is the generation of new neurons in the brain, and their integration into existing neural circuits. It is essential to learning an...
Source: Fight Aging! - January 30, 2022 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs
