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A multivariate algorithm for identifying contaminated peanut using visible and near-infrared hyperspectral imaging
This study has practical implications for the food industry and future research on deep learning optimization.PMID:37722342 | DOI:10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125187
Source: Talanta - September 18, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Zhen Guo Jing Zhang Jiashuai Sun Haowei Dong Jingcheng Huang Lingjun Geng Shiling Li Xiangzhu Jing Yemin Guo Xia Sun Source Type: research

Peritoneal Dialysis Patient Training Program to Enhance independence and Prevent Complications: A Scoping Review
CONCLUSION: There are a variety of strategies for dialysis training concerning duration, session length, patient-to-trainer ratio, timing, methods, location, compliance, and the need for retraining. More evidence is needed to assess the impact of PD patient training programs on self-care capabilities and peritonitis incidence. Future studies should investigate the effects of training programs on compliance, self-efficacy, and patient and nurse perspectives.PMID:37720493 | PMC:PMC10505035 | DOI:10.2147/IJNRD.S414447
Source: International Journal of Nephrology and Renovascular Disease - September 18, 2023 Category: Urology & Nephrology Authors: Toni Rahmat Jaelani Kusman Ibrahim Jonny Jonny Sri Hartati Pratiwi Hartiah Haroen Nursiswati Nursiswati Bunga Pinandhita Ramadhani Source Type: research

Dynamic Motion and Human Agents Facilitate Visual Nonadjacent Dependency Learning
Cogn Sci. 2023 Sep;47(9):e13344. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13344.ABSTRACTMany events that humans and other species experience contain regularities in which certain elements within an event predict certain others. While some of these regularities involve tracking the co-occurrences between temporally adjacent stimuli, others involve tracking the co-occurrences between temporally distant stimuli (i.e., nonadjacent dependencies, NADs). Prior research shows robust learning of adjacent dependencies in humans and other species, whereas learning NADs is more difficult, and often requires support from properties of the stimulus to help le...
Source: Cognitive Science - September 18, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Helen Shiyang Lu Toben H Mintz Source Type: research

Two Computational Approaches to Visual Analogy: Task-Specific Models Versus Domain-General Mapping
Cogn Sci. 2023 Sep;47(9):e13347. doi: 10.1111/cogs.13347.ABSTRACTAdvances in artificial intelligence have raised a basic question about human intelligence: Is human reasoning best emulated by applying task-specific knowledge acquired from a wealth of prior experience, or is it based on the domain-general manipulation and comparison of mental representations? We address this question for the case of visual analogical reasoning. Using realistic images of familiar three-dimensional objects (cars and their parts), we systematically manipulated viewpoints, part relations, and entity properties in visual analogy problems. We com...
Source: Cognitive Science - September 18, 2023 Category: Neuroscience Authors: Nicholas Ichien Qing Liu Shuhao Fu Keith J Holyoak Alan L Yuille Hongjing Lu Source Type: research

Graph Neural Network Interatomic Potential Ensembles with Calibrated Aleatoric and Epistemic Uncertainty on Energy and Forces
Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys., 2023, Accepted Manuscript DOI: 10.1039/D3CP02143B, PaperJonas Busk, Mikkel Schmidt, Ole Winther, Tejs Vegge, Peter Bj ørn Jørgensen Inexpensive machine learning potentials are increasingly being used to speed up structural optimization and molecular dynamics simulations of materials by iteratively predicting and applying interatomic forces. In these settings, it... The content of this RSS Feed (c) The Royal Society of Chemistry
Source: RSC - Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. latest articles - September 18, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Jonas Busk Source Type: research

Application of machine learning and artificial intelligence in the diagnosis and classification of polycystic ovarian syndrome: a systematic review
ConclusionArtificial intelligence and machine learning provide a high diagnostic and classification performance in detecting PCOS, thereby providing an avenue for early diagnosis of this disorder. However, AI-based studies should use standardized PCOS diagnostic criteria to enhance the clinical applicability of AI/ML in PCOS and improve adherence to methodological and reporting guidelines for maximum diagnostic utility.Systematic review registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/, identifier CRD42022295287.
Source: Frontiers in Endocrinology - September 18, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Source Type: research

Fight Aging! Newsletter, September 18th 2023
Fight Aging! publishes news and commentary relevant to the goal of ending all age-related disease, to be achieved by bringing the mechanisms of aging under the control of modern medicine. This weekly newsletter is sent to thousands of interested subscribers. To subscribe or unsubscribe from the newsletter, please visit: https://www.fightaging.org/newsletter/ Longevity Industry Consulting Services Reason, the founder of Fight Aging! and Repair Biotechnologies, offers strategic consulting services to investors, entrepreneurs, and others interested in the longevity industry and its complexities. To find out m...
Source: Fight Aging! - September 17, 2023 Category: Research Authors: Reason Tags: Newsletters Source Type: blogs

Novel Triangulenes: Computational Investigations of Energy Thresholds for Photocatalytic Water Splitting
Chemphyschem. 2023 Sep 17:e202300556. doi: 10.1002/cphc.202300556. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTOrganic materials with Inverted Singlet-Triplet (INVEST) gaps are interesting for their potential use as photocatalytic small molecule transformations, like the entirely solar-driven water splitting reaction. However, only few INVEST emitters are thermodynamically able to split water, with first singlet excited states, S1, above 1.27 or 1.76 eV; and absorbing near solar maximum, 2.57 eV. These requirements and the INVEST character are key for achieving long-lived photocatalyst for water splitting. The only known INVEST emitters...
Source: Chemphyschem - September 17, 2023 Category: Chemistry Authors: Kevin Curtis Corban King Samuel O Odoh Source Type: research

Medical education empowered by generative artificial intelligence large language models
Trends Mol Med. 2023 Sep 15:S1471-4914(23)00211-3. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.012. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGenerative artificial intelligence (GAI) large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, have become the world's fastest growing applications. Here, we provide useful strategies for educators in medical and health science (M&HS) to integrate GAI-LLMs into learning and teaching practice, ultimately enhancing students' digital capability.PMID:37718142 | DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.012
Source: Molecular Medicine - September 17, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tanisha Jowsey Jessica Stokes-Parish Rachelle Singleton Michael Todorovic Source Type: research

Steroid hormone signaling: What we can learn from insect models
Vitam Horm. 2023;123:525-554. doi: 10.1016/bs.vh.2022.12.006. Epub 2023 Feb 6.ABSTRACTEcdysteroids are a group of steroid hormones in arthropods with pleiotropic functions throughout their life history. Ecdysteroid research in insects has made a significant contribution to our current understanding of steroid hormone signaling in metazoans, but how far can we extrapolate our findings in insects to other systems, such as mammals? In this chapter, we compare steroid hormone signaling in insects and mammals from multiple perspectives and discuss similarities and differences between the two lineages. We also highlight a few un...
Source: Vitamins and Hormones - September 17, 2023 Category: Endocrinology Authors: Naoki Okamoto Daiki Fujinaga Naoki Yamanaka Source Type: research

Piloting a shared decision-making clinician training intervention in maternity care in Australia: A mixed methods study
CONCLUSION: Shared decision-making training supports maternity clinicians in developing skills that implement woman-centred care in the timing of planned birth.PMID:37717344 | DOI:10.1016/j.midw.2023.103828
Source: Midwifery - September 17, 2023 Category: Midwifery Authors: Teena Clerke Jayne Margetts Helen Donovan Heather L Shepherd Angela Makris Alison Canty Annette Ruhotas Christine Catling Amanda Henry Source Type: research

Effectiveness and utility of flowcharts on learning in a classroom setting: A mixed methods study
CONCLUSION: Flowcharts provide an alternative approach to teaching complex content, which allows students to organize and summarize information that promotes meaningful learning. The ease of implementation combined with the generalized nature of flowcharts makes it an effective graphical organizer that can be used across various disciplines.PMID:37717694 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100591
Source: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education - September 17, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Anthony E Zimmerman Ethan King Diptiman D Bose Source Type: research

A new paradigm in lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktail optimization: Free from expert-level prior knowledge and experimental datasets
Bioresour Technol. 2023 Sep 15:129758. doi: 10.1016/j.biortech.2023.129758. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTEffectively pairing diverse lignocellulolytic enzyme cocktails with intricately structured lignocellulosic substrates is an enduring challenge for science and technology. To date, extensive trial-and-error remains the primary approach and no deep-learning methods were developed to address it due to limited experimental data and incomplete expert-level knowledge of enzyme-cocktail-substrate structure-dynamics-function relationships. Here, a novel model is developed to tackle this issue in efficient, cost-effective, and ...
Source: Bioresource Technology - September 17, 2023 Category: Biotechnology Authors: Le Gao Zhuohang Yu Shengjie Wang Yuejie Hou Shouchang Zhang Chichun Zhou Xin Wu Source Type: research

Transcranial photobiomodulation mitigates learning and memory impairments induced by hindlimb unloading in a mouse model of microgravity exposure by suppression of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation signaling pathways
Brain Res. 2023 Sep 15:148583. doi: 10.1016/j.brainres.2023.148583. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTProlonged microgravity exposure causes cognitive impairment. Evidence shows that oxidative stress and neuroinflammation are involved in the causation. Here, we explore the effectiveness of transcranial near-infrared photobiomodulation (PBM) on cognitive deficits in a mouse model of simulated microgravity. 24 adult male C57BL/6 mice were assigned into three groups (8 in each); control, hindlimb unloading (HU), and HU+PBM groups. After surgery to fit the suspension fixing, the animals were housed either in HU cages or in their n...
Source: Brain Research - September 17, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Sareh Kazmi Fereshteh Farajdokht Reza Meynaghizadeh-Zargar Saeed Sadigh-Eteghad Amir Pasokh Mohammad Farzipour Narmin Farazi Michael R Hamblin Javad Mahmoudi Source Type: research

Medical education empowered by generative artificial intelligence large language models
Trends Mol Med. 2023 Sep 15:S1471-4914(23)00211-3. doi: 10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.012. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTGenerative artificial intelligence (GAI) large language models (LLMs), like ChatGPT, have become the world's fastest growing applications. Here, we provide useful strategies for educators in medical and health science (M&HS) to integrate GAI-LLMs into learning and teaching practice, ultimately enhancing students' digital capability.PMID:37718142 | DOI:10.1016/j.molmed.2023.08.012
Source: Trends in Molecular Medicine - September 17, 2023 Category: Molecular Biology Authors: Tanisha Jowsey Jessica Stokes-Parish Rachelle Singleton Michael Todorovic Source Type: research