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The psychophysiology of "covert" goal-directed behavior
Prog Brain Res. 2023;280:17-42. doi: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2023.01.006. Epub 2023 Mar 9.ABSTRACTCovert behavior is defined as behavior that is not directly visible and is thus comparable to a type of behavioral silence that requires modern psychophysiological techniques to reveal. Goal-directed behavior is teleologically purposive. Fundamentally, there are two approaches to accounting for purposeful behavior. One is the cybernetic approach, which views behavior as homeostatic and largely reflexive. The other one views behavior as a cognitive process that involves an interaction between neural events representing the previous expe...
Source: Brain Research - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Giuseppe Augusto Chiarenza Source Type: research
Alterations of learning and memory are accompanied by alterations in the expression of 5-HT receptors, glucocorticoid receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in different brain regions of an animal model of depression generated by neonatally male treatment with clomipramine in male rats
Behav Brain Res. 2023 Sep 14;455:114664. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114664. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDepressive illness has been associated with impaired cognitive processes accompanied by reduced neurotrophin levels, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and dysfunctions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, depression is characterized by a decreased functioning of the serotonergic system due to changes in the activity or expression of its receptors including, most significantly, 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT3 in brain regions that regulate mood, emotions, and memory, such as the prefr...
Source: Brain Research - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ofelia Lim ón-Morales Kenia Morales-Quintero Marcela Arteaga-Silva Tania Molina-Jim énez Marco Cerb ón Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime Source Type: research
Broadband sensory networks with locally stored responsivities for neuromorphic machine vision
Sci Adv. 2023 Sep 15;9(37):eadi5104. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.adi5104. Epub 2023 Sep 15.ABSTRACTAs the most promising candidates for the implementation of in-sensor computing, retinomorphic vision sensors can constitute built-in neural networks and directly implement multiply-and-accumulation operations using responsivities as the weights. However, existing retinomorphic vision sensors mainly use a sustained gate bias to maintain the responsivity due to its volatile nature. Here, we propose an ion-induced localized-field strategy to develop retinomorphic vision sensors with nonvolatile tunable responsivity in both positive and ...
Source: Adv Data - September 15, 2023 Category: Epidemiology Authors: Guo-Xin Zhang Zhi-Cheng Zhang Xu-Dong Chen Lixing Kang Yuan Li Fu-Dong Wang Lei Shi Ke Shi Zhi-Bo Liu Jian-Guo Tian Tong-Bu Lu Jin Zhang Source Type: research
Comparison of convolutional-neural-networks-based method and LCModel on the quantification of in vivo magnetic resonance spectroscopy
CONCLUSION: In conclusion, the CNN based method with the proposed scaling procedures can be employed to quantify in vivo MRS spectra and derive metabolites concentrations in IU. The SE can be used as error index, indicating predicted uncertainties for metabolites and sharing information similar to the absolute CRLB.PMID:37713007 | DOI:10.1007/s10334-023-01120-z
Source: Magma - September 15, 2023 Category: Radiology Authors: Yu-Long Huang Yi-Ru Lin Shang-Yueh Tsai Source Type: research
Machine learning to predict outcomes following endovascular abdominal aortic aneurysm repair
CONCLUSIONS: In this data set, machine learning was able to predict 1-year mortality following EVAR using preoperative data and outperformed standard logistic regression models.PMID:37710397 | DOI:10.1093/bjs/znad287
Source: The British Journal of Surgery - September 15, 2023 Category: Surgery Authors: Ben Li Badr Aljabri Raj Verma Derek Beaton Naomi Eisenberg Douglas S Lee Duminda N Wijeysundera Thomas L Forbes Ori D Rotstein Charles de Mestral Muhammad Mamdani Graham Roche-Nagle Mohammed Al-Omran Source Type: research
Incorporating Interprofessional Education into a Required Introductory Pharmacy and Nursing Didactic Course
CONCLUSION: Including joint IPE sessions in a foundational didactic course was a feasible and successful IPE component. Sessions provided students with experience practicing foundational skills for interprofessional communication and teamwork. Students reported high satisfaction and valued the sessions, as indicated by quantitative surveys and qualitative themes.PMID:37714658 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100123
Source: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Jonathan Thigpen Deborah Naccarini Sherry L Moore Nicole S Culhane Source Type: research
Pharmacy Students Practicing Health Advocate Competency Roles in Workplace-Based Training
CONCLUSION: Pharmacy students construct health advocacy roles in workplace-based training through biomedical-oriented practices with little direct input offered by supervisors. Pharmacy educational outcomes require contemporary updates to health advocacy competency descriptions which offer examples for practical enactment at system-level and recommendations for feedback and assessment.PMID:37714657 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100118
Source: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Mojan Fazelipour Amninder Dhatt Tom Sun Arwa Nemir Kerry Wilbur Source Type: research
A Call to Action to Address Well-Being Within Experiential Education
Am J Pharm Educ. 2023 Sep;87(9):100078. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100078. Epub 2023 May 9.ABSTRACTThere is a significant lack of literature exploring or describing pharmacy student well-being during experiential learning even though students spend 30% of their doctor of pharmacy curricula in this environment. Drawing on inspiration from literature describing well-being challenges and solutions for pharmacy residents and other health disciplines, this commentary explores the unique challenges of supporting pharmacy student well-being during experiential education. Approaches for interventions are described along with a call ...
Source: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Kate Newman Suzanne Larson Melissa J Ruble Misha Thomason Watts Source Type: research
A Genetics-Focused Lens on Social Constructs in Pharmacy Education
Am J Pharm Educ. 2023 Sep;87(9):100077. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2023.100077. Epub 2023 May 10.ABSTRACTOBJECTIVE: Incorporating diversity, equity, inclusion, and anti-racism principles into clinical and didactic education is essential because each influence cognitive and affective attitudes in pharmacy practice. Educators must learn from the past to enlighten the future. For example, race is a social construct, not a biological construct. However, it persistently acts as a surrogate for determining medical diagnoses and treatment.FINDINGS: Precision medicine and pharmacogenomics can serve as a basis for deconstructing social co...
Source: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Justina Lipscomb Marina G álvez-Peralta Cheryl D Cropp Elina Delgado Rustin Crutchley Diane Calinski Otito Iwuchukwu Source Type: research
Readiness of Pharmacists as Providers of Social Determinants of Health and Call to Action
Am J Pharm Educ. 2023 Sep;87(9):100051. doi: 10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.10.011. Epub 2023 Mar 15.ABSTRACTSocial determinants of health (SDOH) are defined as the conditions in the environments where people are born, live, learn, work, play, worship, and age. SDOH has an enormous impact on achieving the goals set by Healthy People 2030. With their education and training, pharmacists are in an ideal position to provide SDOH services. Community pharmacists should take innovative approaches in collaboration with the Community Pharmacy Enhanced Services Network to develop standard protocols for SDOH and reimbursements for these service...
Source: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: M Omar Faruk Khan L Douglas Ried Source Type: research
Backward Design to Combat Curricular Expansion in a Large, Interdisciplinary, Team-Taught Course
CONCLUSION: Using backward design as a framework to intentionally evaluate didactic content volume and assessment alignment can address curricular expansion while maintaining student learning and decreasing student and instructor stress.PMID:37714652 | DOI:10.1016/j.ajpe.2022.12.009
Source: American Journal of Pharmaceutical Education - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Kristine M Cline Marjorie M Winhoven Victoria L Williams Katherine A Kelley Brianne L Porter Source Type: research
Alterations of learning and memory are accompanied by alterations in the expression of 5-HT receptors, glucocorticoid receptor and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in different brain regions of an animal model of depression generated by neonatally male treatment with clomipramine in male rats
Behav Brain Res. 2023 Sep 14;455:114664. doi: 10.1016/j.bbr.2023.114664. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTDepressive illness has been associated with impaired cognitive processes accompanied by reduced neurotrophin levels, especially brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and dysfunctions in the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis. In addition, depression is characterized by a decreased functioning of the serotonergic system due to changes in the activity or expression of its receptors including, most significantly, 5-HT1A, 5-HT2A, and 5-HT3 in brain regions that regulate mood, emotions, and memory, such as the prefr...
Source: Behavioural Brain Research - September 15, 2023 Category: Neurology Authors: Ofelia Lim ón-Morales Kenia Morales-Quintero Marcela Arteaga-Silva Tania Molina-Jim énez Marco Cerb ón Herlinda Bonilla-Jaime Source Type: research
Physical model-based cascaded generative adversarial networks for accelerating quantitative multi-parametric magnetic resonance imaging
CONCLUSION: Compared with other existing methods, the physical model-based cascaded generative adversarial networks can reconstruct more image details and features, thus improving the quality and accuracy of the reconstructed images.PMID:37712278 | DOI:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.08.18
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Y Liu Z Chu Y Zhang Source Type: research
A Dual-Aware deep learning framework for identification of glioma isocitrate dehydrogenase genotype using magnetic resonance amide proton transfer modalities
CONCLUSION: The proposed deep learning algorithm model constructed based on the image characteristics of the APT modality is effective for glioma IDH genotyping and identification task and may potentially replace the commonly used T1CE modality to avoid contrast agent injection and achieve non- invasive IDH genotyping.PMID:37712275 | DOI:10.12122/j.issn.1673-4254.2023.08.15
Source: Journal of Southern Medical University - September 15, 2023 Category: Universities & Medical Training Authors: Z Chu Y Qu T Zhong S Liang Z Wen Y Zhang Source Type: research
Machine Learning: a New Approach for Dose Individualization
Clin Pharmacol Ther. 2023 Sep 15. doi: 10.1002/cpt.3049. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTThe application of machine learning (ML) has shown promising results in precision medicine due to its exceptional performance in dealing with complex multidimensional data. However, using ML for individualized dosing of medicines is still in its early stage, meriting further exploration. A systematic review of study designs and modeling details of using ML for individualized dosing of different drugs was performed. We have summarized the status of the study populations, predictive targets, and data sources for ML modeling, the selection ...
Source: Clinical Pharmacology and Therapeutics - September 15, 2023 Category: Drugs & Pharmacology Authors: Qiu-Yue Li Bo-Hao Tang Yue-E Wu Bu-Fan Yao Wei Zhang Yi Zheng Yue Zhou John van den Anker Guo-Xiang Hao Wei Zhao Source Type: research
