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Migraine, depression, and brain volume: The AGES-Reykjavik Study
Conclusions: Reporting both migraine and major depressive disorder was associated with smaller brain tissue volumes than having one or neither of these conditions. Migraineurs with depression may represent a distinct clinical phenotype with different long-term sequelae. Nonetheless, the number of subjects in the current study is relatively small and these findings need to be confirmed in future studies.
Source: Neurology - June 3, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Gudmundsson, L. S., Scher, A. I., Sigurdsson, S., Geerlings, M. I., Vidal, J.-S., Eiriksdottir, G., Garcia, M. I., Harris, T. B., Kjartansson, O., Aspelund, T., van Buchem, M. A., Gudnason, V., Launer, L. J. Tags: All Headache, Migraine, MRI, Depression ARTICLE Source Type: research

Is CGRP a marker for chronic migraine?
Calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) research was initiated by Poyner et al.,1 who found that the calcitonin gene encodes the 37–amino acid neuropeptide CGRP in neuronal tissue. Within months, the Lund group produced antibodies toward α-CGRP and developed sensitive methods to study the role of this peptide in the cranial circulation. Intracranial vessels and the trigeminal ganglion harbor this potent vasodilator peptide.2 Functionally, CGRP has a substantial role in the trigeminovascular reflex.3 The calcitonin family is now well-characterized and contains 6 members: calcitonin, amylin, adenomedullin-2, adren...
Source: Neurology - September 30, 2013 Category: Neurology Authors: Silberstein, S. D., Edvinsson, L. Tags: Migraine EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Abnormal thalamic function in patients with vestibular migraine
Conclusions: We provide novel evidence for abnormal thalamic functional response to vestibular stimulation in patients with VM. These functional abnormalities in central vestibular processing may contribute to VM pathophysiology.
Source: Neurology - June 9, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Russo, A., Marcelli, V., Esposito, F., Corvino, V., Marcuccio, L., Giannone, A., Conforti, R., Marciano, E., Tedeschi, G., Tessitore, A. Tags: Migraine, fMRI, Vertigo, All Pain ARTICLE Source Type: research

Sumatriptan iontophoretic transdermal system: A novel approach to migraine-specific therapy
The sumatriptan iontophoretic transdermal system (TDS) (Zecuity, NuPathe, Malvern, PA), a novel approach to the acute treatment of migraine, circumvents the gastrointestinal tract by using low-level electrical energy to transport sumatriptan across the skin. In clinical trials, sumatriptan TDS has provided consistent drug delivery; rapid relief of migraine headache pain and migraine-related nausea; and an excellent safety profile, with a low incidence of triptan-sensation adverse events. Ease of use/application of sumatriptan TDS by migraineurs during an attack is rated highly. Sumatriptan TDS will provide a convenient, ac...
Source: Nature Clinical Practice - October 13, 2014 Category: Neurology Authors: Goldstein, J. Tags: Migraine Drugs and Devices Source Type: research

Effectiveness in acute migraine treatment: How it might matter
The American Migraine Prevalence and Prevention (AMPP) Study, a prospective population-based study of nearly 24,000 adults with headache, has identified individuals with both episodic and chronic migraine, and followed them for multiple years. To date, the AMPP dataset has resulted in nearly 40 publications, several published in Neurology®. Previous data from this study have shown that each year, 2.5% of episodic migraine cases transform into chronic migraine. It has identified multiple risk factors for the development of chronic migraine, including medication overuse of opiates and barbituates,1 headache frequency,2 d...
Source: Neurology - February 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Mack, K. J., Digre, K. Tags: Migraine, Prevalence studies, Incidence studies, Natural history studies (prognosis), Risk factors in epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Ineffective acute treatment of episodic migraine is associated with new-onset chronic migraine
Conclusion: Inadequate acute treatment efficacy was associated with an increased risk of new-onset CM over the course of 1 year. Improving acute treatment outcomes might prevent new-onset CM, although reverse causality cannot be excluded.
Source: Neurology - February 16, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Lipton, R. B., Fanning, K. M., Serrano, D., Reed, M. L., Cady, R., Buse, D. C. Tags: Migraine, Prevalence studies, Incidence studies, Natural history studies (prognosis), Risk factors in epidemiology ARTICLE Source Type: research

Taking the headache out of migraine
Migraine is a disease that contributes to major disability. Perhaps because migraine attacks are not immediately life-threatening per se and individuals return to a "normal" state between attacks, it is not taken seriously. However, migraine is associated with a number of comorbidities, including psychiatric disease, stroke, and other chronic pain disorders. Current acute treatments for episodic migraine are relatively effective, but preventive treatments for episodic and chronic migraine are far less so. Recent functional imaging studies have shown that the disease affects brain function and structure (either as a result ...
Source: Nature Clinical Practice - August 17, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Borsook, D., Dodick, D. W. Tags: Migraine, Quality of life, fMRI Clinical and Ethical Challenges Source Type: research

Interictal, circulating sphingolipids in women with episodic migraine: A case-control study
Conclusion: These results suggest that sphingolipid metabolism is altered in women with EM and that serum sphingolipid panels may have potential to differentiate EM presence or absence. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class III evidence that serum sphingolipid panels accurately distinguish women with migraine from women without migraine.
Source: Neurology - October 5, 2015 Category: Neurology Authors: Peterlin, B. L., Mielke, M. M., Dickens, A. M., Chatterjee, S., Dash, P., Alexander, G., Vieira, R. V. A., Bandaru, V. V. R., Dorskind, J. M., Tietjen, G. E., Haughey, N. H. Tags: All Headache, Migraine ARTICLE Source Type: research

Familial migraine limb pain syndrome (mlps): three generations and seven year follow-up
We report a second family with three generations of MLPS starting in childhood or adulthood, with variable duration, commencing in any limb. All the patients with limb pain had concurrent or associated migraine with aura. Pain intensity in the previous family was mild, but poorly responsive to treatment. In our family the symptom was treatment responsive with variable intensity. Convergence of nociceptive input from the trigeminovascular system in the cervical spinal cord, brainstem, thalamus and cortex is a possible physiological basis for MLPS.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Angus-Leppan, H., Guiloff, R. J. Tags: Genetics, Headache (including migraine), Neuromuscular disease, Pain (neurology), Peripheral nerve disease, Musculoskeletal syndromes Thur 21, Parallel session 5: Therapeutics Source Type: research

Therapeutic effect of intranasal evaporative cooling in patients with migraine. a report of the results of the cool head i, pilot study
Conclusions Intranasal evaporative cooling was safe and gave considerable benefit to patients with migraine. An adequately powered randomised controlled study will be required to confirm the potential of this application in the treatment of migraine.
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - October 14, 2015 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Vanderpol, J., Bishop, B., Matharu, M., Glencorse, M. Tags: Headache (including migraine), Pain (neurology) Thur 21, Parallel session 5: Therapeutics Source Type: research

Short-Term Non-Invasive Vagus Nerve Stimulation (nVNS) for the Prevention of Menstrual Migraine (I3.007)
Conclusions: Short-term nVNS treatment was safe and effective for prevention of MM/MRM attacks. nVNS represents a novel non-pharmacologic therapy that may benefit patients with MM/MRM.Disclosure: Dr. Grazzi has nothing to disclose. Dr. Egeo has nothing to disclose. Dr. Padovan has nothing to disclose. Dr. Liebler has received personal compensation for activities with electroCore LLC as an employee. Dr. Barbanti has nothing to disclose.
Source: Neurology - April 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Grazzi, L., Egeo, G., Padovan, A., Liebler, E., Barbanti, P. Tags: New and Emerging Therapeutic Options in Migraine and Other Headache Disorders Data Blitz Presentations Source Type: research

Sex hormones in women with and without migraine: Evidence of migraine-specific hormone profiles
Conclusions: Migraineurs are characterized by faster late luteal phase E1c decline compared to controls. The timing and rate of estrogen withdrawal before menses may be a marker of neuroendocrine vulnerability in women with migraine.
Source: Neurology - July 3, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Pavlovic, J. M., Allshouse, A. A., Santoro, N. F., Crawford, S. L., Thurston, R. C., Neal-Perry, G. S., Lipton, R. B., Derby, C. A. Tags: Migraine ARTICLE Source Type: research

The phenotype of premonitory symptoms and migraine headache triggered with nitroglycerin
The migraine attack starts hours to days before pain onset. Given capturing this early stage during spontaneous attacks is challenging, triggered attacks offer insights into this phase of migraine. Subjects (n=30) with migraine who reported premonitory symptomatology during spontaneous attacks were screened and recruited following informed consent. Each subject was exposed to a 0.5 mcg/kg/min nitroglycerin infusion over 20 minutes. Symptoms and timelines to development of premonitory and headache phases were recorded. 100 % of subjects developed NTG-related headache 1–10 minutes into the infusion. 97% of subjects dev...
Source: Journal of Neurology, Neurosurgery and Psychiatry - November 14, 2016 Category: Neurosurgery Authors: Karsan, N., Bose, P., Lowe, J., Goadsby, P. Tags: Headache (including migraine), Pain (neurology), Ophthalmology, Radiology, Radiology (diagnostics) ABN Annual Meeting, 17-19 May 2016, The Brighton Centre, Brighton Source Type: research

Cardioembolism as the unsuspected missing link between migraine and ischemic stroke
First identified in 1975, the relationship between migraine and stroke has received considerable attention.1 Forty years later, solid evidence indicates that those with migraine have a 1.5-fold to 2.5-fold increased risk of stroke.2–4 However, the strength of this relationship varies based on the subtypes of migraine (with vs without aura) and stroke (hemorrhagic vs ischemic). While the majority of data support an increased risk of ischemic stroke in those with migraine, the association between migraine without aura and ischemic stroke seems weaker and more controversial, possibly due to methodologic heterogeneity across studies.2,3
Source: Neurology - December 11, 2016 Category: Neurology Authors: Sposato, L. A., Peterlin, B. L. Tags: Migraine, All Cerebrovascular disease/Stroke, Cardiac, Embolism, Risk factors in epidemiology EDITORIALS Source Type: research

Nonpainful remote electrical stimulation alleviates episodic migraine pain
Conclusion: Nonpainful remote skin stimulation can significantly reduce migraine pain, especially when applied early in an attack. This is presumably by activating descending inhibition pathways via the conditioned pain modulation effect. This treatment may be proposed as an attractive nonpharmacologic, easy to use, adverse event free, and inexpensive tool to reduce migraine pain. ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT02453399. Classification of evidence: This study provides Class III evidence that for patients with an acute migraine headache, remote nonpainful electrical stimulation on the upper arm skin reduces migraine pain.
Source: Neurology - March 27, 2017 Category: Neurology Authors: Yarnitsky, D., Volokh, L., Ironi, A., Weller, B., Shor, M., Shifrin, A., Granovsky, Y. Tags: Migraine, All Clinical trials, All Pain, Class III ARTICLE Source Type: research