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Swine flu jab narcolepsy risk is very small
Conclusion This study confirms that the Pandemrix vaccine against swine flu is associated with a very small risk of narcolepsy in children and young people. As the authors point out, this risk may have been overestimated if children with narcolepsy who had been vaccinated were more rapidly referred than others because of increased awareness of the link. The methods used were practical for a rapid assessment of risk, but as this was essentially a case series analysis they are limited by a number of factors: The rates calculated are dependent on the accurate diagnosis and identification of the cases of narcolepsy. By usin...
Source: NHS News Feed - February 27, 2013 Category: Consumer Health News Tags: Medication Medical practice Swine flu Source Type: news

Spillover of pH1N1 to swine in Cameroon: an investigation of risk factors
Conclusions: Results suggest that the practice of allowing swine to roam freely is a significant risk factor for spillover of influenza from humans into swine populations.
Source: BioMed Central - March 4, 2014 Category: Journals (General) Authors: Brenda LarisonKevin Y NjaboAnthony ChasarTrevon FullerRyan J HarriganThomas B Smith Source Type: research

Prevalence, Characteristics and Clonal Distribution of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase- and AmpC β-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli Following the Swine Production Stages, and Potential Risks to Humans
In conclusion, ESBL/AmpC-EC was distributed throughout the swine production stages, with the highest prevalence in the weaning stage. The CTX-M was present in all stages, while CMY was mostly found in growing-finishing stages. The swine ESBL/AmpC-EC was identified to harbor shared clone types with human ESBL/AmpC-EC and a virulent profile posing potential risk to humans. Considering the possibility of genetic and clonal distribution of ESBL/AmpC-EC among swine production stages, this study suggests the need for strategies considering the production system to control the prevalence of ESBL/AmpC-EC in swine farms.
Source: Frontiers in Microbiology - July 21, 2021 Category: Microbiology Source Type: research

Ten bisphenol analogs were abundantly found in swine and bovine urines collected from two Chinese farms: concentration profiles and risk evaluation
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2022 Sep 21. doi: 10.1007/s11356-022-23089-3. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTBisphenol analogs (BPs) in livestock urine are important biomarkers to reflect the potential contaminants in food products derived from these animals. Nevertheless, little research has been done on their occurrence in farm animal urine. This work investigated ten BPs in swine and bovine urines collected from two Chinese farms. Results showed that all of these ten BPs were frequently detected in swine and bovine urines. The total mean concentration of the ten BPs (ΣBPs) in sow urines was 59.7 ng/mL, which was significant...
Source: Environmental Science and Pollution Research International - September 21, 2022 Category: Environmental Health Authors: Hao Wang Zhao Tang Ze-Hua Liu Feng Zeng Jun Zhang Zhi Dang Source Type: research

Novel triple-reassortant H1N1 swine influenza viruses in pigs in Tianjin, Northern China
In this study, for the first time, we report the isolation and genetic analyses of three novel triple-reassortant H1N1 swine influenza viruses from pigs in Tianjin, Northern China. Phylogenetic analysis showed that these novel viruses contained genes from the 2009 pandemic H1N1 (PB2, PB1, PA and NP), Eurasian swine (HA, NA and M) and triple-reassortant swine (NS) lineages. This indicated that the reassortment among the 2009 pandemic H1N1, Eurasian swine and triple-reassortant swine influenza viruses had taken place in pigs in Tianjin and resulted in the generation of new viruses. Furthermore, three human-like H1N1, two cla...
Source: Veterinary Microbiology - December 23, 2015 Category: Veterinary Research Source Type: research

Anatomic Studies of the Miniature Swine Cornea.
Abstract The domestic swine eye resembles the human eye both anatomically and physiologically. Xenotransplantation of the swine cornea to humans in need of full keratoplasty shows promise as a potential therapeutic strategy to restore vision in individuals with advanced corneal disease, especially those residing in developing nations. That said, we characterized the morphology of corneas from miniature swine, which are smaller in size, easier to handle, and more cost-effective compared to domestic swine. Eyes (N = 15) were harvested from miniature swine from different age groups: 1 month (N = 3), 2 month (N = 3), ...
Source: Anatomical Record - October 5, 2018 Category: Anatomy Authors: Abhari S, Eisenback M, Kaplan HJ, Walters E, Prather RS, Scott PA Tags: Anat Rec (Hoboken) Source Type: research

Viruses, Vol. 12, Pages 55: Identification, Genetic Analysis, and Pathogenicity of Classical Swine H1N1 and Human-Swine Reassortant H1N1 Influenza Viruses from Pigs in China
g Taozhen Jiang Swine influenza virus causes a substantial disease burden to swine populations worldwide and poses an imminent threat to the swine industry and humans. Given its importance, we characterized two swine influenza viruses isolated from Shandong, China. The homology and phylogenetic analyses showed that all eight gene segments of A/swine/Shandong/AV1522/2011(H1N1) were closely related to A/Maryland/12/1991(H1N1) circulating in North America. The HA, NA, M, and NS genes of the isolate were also confirmed to have a high homology to A/swine/Hubei/02/2008(H1N1) which appeared in China in 2008, and the virus w...
Source: Viruses - January 1, 2020 Category: Virology Authors: Yafen Song Yong Zhang Bing Zhang Ling Chen Min Zhang Jingwen Wang Ying Jiang Chenghuai Yang Taozhen Jiang Tags: Article Source Type: research

Swine hepatitis E virus: cross-species infection, pork safety and chronic infection.
Abstract Swine hepatitis E virus (swine HEV) belongs to the species Orthohepevirus A within the genus Orthohepevirus in the family Hepeviridae. Four different genotypes of swine HEV within the species Orthohepevirus A have been identified so far from domesticated and wild swine population: genotypes 3 (HEV-3) and 4 (HEV-4) swine HEVs are zoonotic and infect humans, whereas HEV-5 and HEV-6 are only identified from swine. As a zoonotic agent, swine HEV is an emerging public health concern in many industrialized countries. Pigs are natural reservoir for HEV, consumption of raw or undercooked pork is an important rout...
Source: Virus Research - April 21, 2020 Category: Virology Authors: Sooryanarain H, Meng XJ Tags: Virus Res Source Type: research

Recombinant Proteins of the Swine Hepatitis E Virus and Their Uses as a Vaccine and Diagnostic Reagents for Medical and Veterinary Applications
This invention is based on the discovery of the swine hepatitis E virus (swine HEV), the first animal strain of HEV identified and characterized, and its ability to infect across species. The inventors have found that the swine HEV is widespread in the general pig population in the United States and other countries and that swine HEV can infect non-human primates. The inventors have amplified and sequenced the complete genome of swine HEV. The capsid gene (ORF2) of swine HEV has been cloned and expressed in a baculovirus expression system.The possibility that swine HEV may infect humans raises a potential public health con...
Source: NIH OTT Licensing Opportunities - July 6, 2020 Category: Research Authors: ott-admin Source Type: research

Genetic diversity of swine influenza viruses in Thai swine farms, 2011–2014
Abstract The pig is known as a “mixing vessel” for influenza A viruses. The co-circulation of multiple influenza A subtypes in pig populations can lead to novel reassortant strains. For this study, swine influenza surveillance was conducted from September 2011 to February 2014 on 46 swine farms in Thailand. In total, 78 swine influenza viruses were isolated from 2,821 nasal swabs, and 12 were selected for characterization by whole genome sequencing. Our results showed that the co-circulation of swine influenza subtypes H1N1, H3N2, and H1N2 in Thai swine farms was observable throughout the 3 years of surveilla...
Source: Virus Genes - December 11, 2014 Category: Genetics & Stem Cells Source Type: research

The global antigenic diversity of swine influenza A viruses
Swine influenza presents a substantial disease burden for pig populations worldwide and poses a potential pandemic threat to humans. There is considerable diversity in both H1 and H3 influenza viruses circulating in swine due to the frequent introductions of viruses from humans and birds coupled with geographic segregation of global swine populations. Much of this diversity is characterized genetically but the antigenic diversity of these viruses is poorly understood. Critically, the antigenic diversity shapes the risk profile of swine influenza viruses in terms of their epizootic and pandemic potential. Here, using the mo...
Source: eLife - April 15, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: Epidemiology and Global Health Human influenza Microbiology and Infectious Disease pandemic swine Virus Source Type: research

Origins of the 2009 H1N1 influenza pandemic in swine in Mexico
Asia is considered an important source of influenza A virus (IAV) pandemics, owing to large, diverse viral reservoirs in poultry and swine. However, the zoonotic origins of the 2009 A/H1N1 influenza pandemic virus (pdmH1N1) remain unclear, due to conflicting evidence from swine and humans. There is strong evidence that the first human outbreak of pdmH1N1 occurred in Mexico in early 2009. However, no related swine viruses have been detected in Mexico or any part of the Americas, and to date the most closely related ancestor viruses were identified in Asian swine. Here, we use 58 new whole-genome sequences from IAVs collecte...
Source: eLife - June 28, 2016 Category: Biomedical Science Tags: 2009 pandemic Epidemiology and Global Health evolution influenza A virus Microbiology and Infectious Disease phylogeography swine zoonosis Source Type: research