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Infectious Disease: Epidemics
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The re-emergence of influenza following the COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria, Australia, 2021 to 2022
ConclusionEnhanced testing for respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic provided a more complete picture of influenza virus transmission compared with previous seasons. Returned international travellers were important drivers of influenza reemergence, as were young adults, a group whose role has previously been under-recognised in the establishment of seasonal influenza epidemics. Targeting interventions, including vaccination, to these groups could reduce future influenza transmission.PMID:37707981 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.37.2300118
Source: Euro Surveill - September 14, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Catherine Ga Pendrey Janet Strachan Heidi Peck Ammar Aziz Jean Moselen Rob Moss Md Rezanur Rahaman Ian G Barr Kanta Subbarao Sheena G Sullivan Source Type: research
COVID-19 transmission driven by age-group mathematical model in Shijiazhuang City of China
CONCLUSIONS: Shijiazhuang epidemic was the first COVID-19 outbreak in the rural areas in Hebei Province of Northern China. The targeted interventions adopted in early 2021 were effective to halt the transmission due to the implementation of a strict and village-wide closure. However we found that age group profile and NPIs played critical rules to successfully contain Shijiazhuang epidemic, which should be considered by public health policies in rural areas of mainland China during the dynamic zero-COVID policy.PMID:37706095 | PMC:PMC10495604 | DOI:10.1016/j.idm.2023.08.004
Source: Rural Remote Health - September 14, 2023 Category: Rural Health Authors: Fengying Wei Ruiyang Zhou Zhen Jin Senzhong Huang Zhihang Peng Jinjie Wang Ximing Xu Xinyan Zhang Jun Xu Yao Bai Xiaoli Wang Bulai Lu Zhaojun Wang Jianguo Xu Source Type: research
The re-emergence of influenza following the COVID-19 pandemic in Victoria, Australia, 2021 to 2022
ConclusionEnhanced testing for respiratory viruses during the COVID-19 pandemic provided a more complete picture of influenza virus transmission compared with previous seasons. Returned international travellers were important drivers of influenza reemergence, as were young adults, a group whose role has previously been under-recognised in the establishment of seasonal influenza epidemics. Targeting interventions, including vaccination, to these groups could reduce future influenza transmission.PMID:37707981 | DOI:10.2807/1560-7917.ES.2023.28.37.2300118
Source: Euro Surveill - September 14, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Catherine Ga Pendrey Janet Strachan Heidi Peck Ammar Aziz Jean Moselen Rob Moss Md Rezanur Rahaman Ian G Barr Kanta Subbarao Sheena G Sullivan Source Type: research
Risk factors of Omicron variant associated acute encephalitis/encephalopathy in children
CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of COVID-19-associated acute encephalitis/encephalopathy showed no evidence of direct viral invasion but associations with older age, increased peripheral neutrophil, and serum procalcitonin. These findings may imply the neutrophil-mediated systemic inflammatory response plays an important role on central nerve system, leading to cerebral dysfunction.PMID:37709632 | DOI:10.1016/j.jmii.2023.08.010
Source: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection - September 14, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Chong-Wei Huang Jainn-Jim Lin Chen-Yen Kuo Kuang-Lin Lin Yhu-Chering Huang Cheng-Hsun Chiu Yi-Ching Chen Chih-Ho Chen Yu-Chia Hsieh Source Type: research
Vaccination coverage survey of children aged 1-3 years in Beijing, China, 2005-2021
CONCLUSION: The coverage level and service quality of routine immunization in Beijing were relatively high. However, as influenced by COVID-19 epidemics, both on-time and in-time vaccination rates decreased significantly, except for BCG and HepB. Under the background of COVID-19 pandemic, the keys to maintain high level of vaccination coverage include flexible immunization service time to ensure the guardians bringing their children for vaccination timely, and more attention from providers to the doses after children's first birthday.PMID:37709591 | DOI:10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.08.015
Source: Vaccine - September 14, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Wen-Yan Ji Dong-Lei Liu Rui Yu Liang Miao Qian-Li Yuan Luo-Dan Suo Jian-Ping Yu Source Type: research
Risk factors of Omicron variant associated acute encephalitis/encephalopathy in children
CONCLUSIONS: Most cases of COVID-19-associated acute encephalitis/encephalopathy showed no evidence of direct viral invasion but associations with older age, increased peripheral neutrophil, and serum procalcitonin. These findings may imply the neutrophil-mediated systemic inflammatory response plays an important role on central nerve system, leading to cerebral dysfunction.PMID:37709632 | DOI:10.1016/j.jmii.2023.08.010
Source: Journal of Microbiology, Immunology, and Infection - September 14, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Chong-Wei Huang Jainn-Jim Lin Chen-Yen Kuo Kuang-Lin Lin Yhu-Chering Huang Cheng-Hsun Chiu Yi-Ching Chen Chih-Ho Chen Yu-Chia Hsieh Source Type: research
The origins of the obesity epidemic may be further back than we thought
Over the past 50 years, worldwide obesity rates have tripled, creating a public health crisis so widespread and damaging that it is sometimes referred to as an epidemic. Most accounts put the roots of the problem firmly in the modern age. But could it have been brewing since before World War II?
That’s one provocative conclusion of a study published today in
Science Advances
that purports to
push the obesity epidemic’s origin back to as early as the 1930s
. Historical measurements from hundreds of thousands of Danish youth show that in the decades before the problem was officially recognized, the heavi...
Source: Science of Aging Knowledge Environment - September 13, 2023 Category: Geriatrics Source Type: research
HIV/STD prevalence and test uptake among african in Guangzhou, China: an analysis of data from hospital-based surveillance
BMC Infect Dis. 2023 Sep 13;23(1):597. doi: 10.1186/s12879-023-08590-5.ABSTRACTHuman immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) cause substantial morbidity and mortality both in African and China. However, there is limited data available on the prevalence of HIV/STDs and the uptake of testing experience ever during in China among African migrants. A venue-based survey was conducted at a tertiary hospital in Guangzhou to investigate the prevalence of HIV/STDs through laboratory testing and identify the associated factors. A total of 200 eligible participants completed the survey and bring into the...
Source: Herpes - September 13, 2023 Category: Infectious Diseases Authors: Mingzhou Xiong Menglan Yang Peizhen Zhao Shujie Huang Cheng Wang Source Type: research
Dissemination of IncI plasmid encoding < em > bla < /em > < sub > CTX-M-1 < /sub > is not hampered by its fitness cost in the pig's gut
Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2023 Sep 13:e0011123. doi: 10.1128/aac.00111-23. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTMultiresistance plasmids belonging to the IncI incompatibility group have become one of the most pervasive plasmid types in extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli of animal origin. The extent of the burden imposed on the bacterial cell by these plasmids seems to modulate the emergence of "epidemic" plasmids. However, in vivo data in the natural environment of the strains are scarce. Here, we investigated the cost of a blaCTX-M-1-IncI1 epidemic plasmid in a commensal E. coli animal strain, UB12-RC...
Source: Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy - September 13, 2023 Category: Microbiology Authors: Margaux Allain Anne Claire Mah érault Benoit Gachet Caroline Martinez B énédicte Condamine M élanie Magnan Isabelle Kempf Erick Denamur Luce Landraud Source Type: research
Characterization of pH-induced conformational changes in recombinant DENV NS2B-NS3pro
In this study, we have done a thorough analysis of pH-dependent conformational changes in recombinantly expressed DENV protease using various spectroscopic techniques. Our spectroscopic study of DENV protease (NS2B-NS3pro) at different pH conditions gives important insights into the dynamicity of structural conformation. At physiological pH, the DENV-protease exists in a random-coiled state. Lowering the pH promotes the formation of alpha-helical and beta-sheet structures i.e. gain of secondary structure as shown by Far-UV CD. The Rayleigh scattering (RLS) and Thioflavin T (ThT)-binding assay proved the aggregation-prone t...
Source: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules - September 13, 2023 Category: Biochemistry Authors: Malik Hisamuddin Irum Rizvi Ajamaluddin Malik Faisal Nabi Md Nadir Hassan Syed Moasfar Ali Javed Masood Khan Tabish H Khan Rizwan H Khan Source Type: research
Integrative transcriptomic and metabolomic analysis in mice reveals the mechanism by which ginseng stem-leaf saponins enhance mucosal immunity induced by a porcine epidemic diarrhea virus vaccination
Vaccine. 2023 Sep 11:S0264-410X(23)01085-X. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2023.09.017. Online ahead of print.ABSTRACTPorcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) is a main cause of severe enteric disease in piglets, leading to millions of dollars lost annually in the global pig industry. Parenteral vaccination is limited in generating sufficient mucosal immunity, which is crucial for early defense against PEDV. Here, we orally administered ginseng stem-leaf saponins (GSLS) to mice before parenteral vaccination and found that GSLS significantly enhanced the phagocytosis of dendritic cells, promoted the activities of CD4+ T cells and inc...
Source: Vaccine - September 13, 2023 Category: Allergy & Immunology Authors: Fei Su Yin Xue Shiyi Ye Bin Yu Junxing Li Lihua Xu Xiufang Yuan Source Type: research
Early COVID-Related pandemic impacts and subsequent opioid outcomes among persons receiving medication for opioid use disorder: a secondary data analysis of a Type-3 hybrid trial
CONCLUSIONS: Mitigating the effect of the pandemic on patients' interpersonal relationships and employment, and promoting greater infection control in opioid treatment programs, could be protective against negative opioid-related outcomes. Trial registration The present study describes secondary data analysis on a previously registered clinical trial: clinicaltrials.gov/ct2/show/NCT03931174.PMID:37705105 | DOI:10.1186/s13722-023-00409-7
Source: Addiction Science and Clinical Practice - September 13, 2023 Category: Addiction Authors: Tim Janssen Bryan R Garner Julia Yermash Kimberly R Yap Sara J Becker Source Type: research
